Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問(wèn)默寫(xiě)詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．meanadj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的3．easy-goingadj. 隨和的；溫和寬容的4．selfn. 自我；自身5．selfishadj. 自私的6．selflessadj. 無(wú)私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv. 無(wú)私地；忘我地[第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]8．invadern． 侵略者9．republicn. 共和國(guó)；共和政體10．principlen. 法則；原則；原理11．livelihoodn. 生計(jì)；謀生12．mankindn. 人類(lèi)13．lawyern. 律師14．legaladj. 法律的；依照法律的15．feen. 費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金[第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]16．leaguen． 同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)17．YouthLeague 青年團(tuán)18．quoten. 引用語(yǔ)；語(yǔ)錄19．releasevt. 釋放；發(fā)行20．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子21．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)22．a(chǎn)nti-[前綴] _反；抗；阻23．a(chǎn)nti-blackadj. 反黑人的Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．qualityn． 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj. 熱心腸的3．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的4．devotevt. (與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于5．devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的6．foundvt. 建立；建設(shè)7．peacefuladj. 和平的；平靜的；安寧的8．hopefuladj. 懷有希望的；有希望的[第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]9．youthn． 青年；青年時(shí)期10．guidancen. 指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)11．stagen. 舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期12．votevt.&vi. 投票；選舉n. 投票；選票；表決13．a(chǎn)ttackvt. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊14．equaladj. 相等的；平等的15．willingadj. 樂(lè)意的；自愿的[第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]16．unfairadj. 不公正的；不公平的17．escapevi.&vt. 逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)；泄露18．educatevt. 教育；訓(xùn)練19．educatedadj. 受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的20．begvi. 請(qǐng)求；乞求21．relativen. 親戚；親屬22．rewardn. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt. 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞[第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]23．sentencevt. 判決；宣判24．presidentn. 總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長(zhǎng)；校長(zhǎng)；行長(zhǎng)25．opinionn. 意見(jiàn)；看法；主張26．violencen. 暴力；暴行27．crueltyn. 殘忍；殘酷28．out_of_work 失業(yè)29．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact 事實(shí)上[第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]30．blow_up 使充氣；爆炸31．in_trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中32．turn_to 求助于；致力于33．lose_heart 喪失勇氣或信心34．e_to_power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)35．set_up 設(shè)立；建立36．be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語(yǔ)境，單元考點(diǎn)自測(cè)回顧(一)分類(lèi)識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高識(shí)記單詞寫(xiě)對(duì)Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2.quoten.引用語(yǔ)；語(yǔ)錄3.leaguen.同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)4.releasevt.釋放；發(fā)行5.livelihoodn.生計(jì)；謀生Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形(漢譯英)1.hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的2.youthn.青年；青年時(shí)期3.willingadj.樂(lè)意的；自愿的4.unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的5.begvi.請(qǐng)求；乞求6.relativen．親戚；親屬7.warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的8.stagen.舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期9.attackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊10.presidentn.總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長(zhǎng)；校長(zhǎng)；行長(zhǎng)核心單詞練通1.TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2.Ourpanyismoreconcernedwithquality(質(zhì)量)thanquantity.3.Theymanagedtoescape(逃脫)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4.Thegovernmentrewarded(獎(jiǎng)賞)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5.Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(選舉)orchoosetheirleadersinthepast.6.Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法)inorganizingclassactivities.7.Hewasinvolvedinabankrobberyandwassentenced(判處)tosixyearsinprison.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn．活動(dòng)2.devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的→devotionn．關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)3.peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4.guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidevt.帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)n．向?qū)?.violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地6.equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地7.educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家8.crueltyn．殘忍；殘酷→crueladj.殘忍的；殘酷的[用準(zhǔn)用活]1.Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2.Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3.Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4.Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5.Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.“n.＋-ful→adj.”薈萃①peace→peaceful和平的②pain→painful痛苦的③harm→harmful有害的④power→powerful強(qiáng)大的⑤meaning→meaningful有意義的⑥cheer→cheerful歡樂(lè)的2.后綴-ance高頻名詞全接觸①guidance指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)②importance重要；重要性③ignorance無(wú)知；愚昧④significance意義；重要性⑤appearance出現(xiàn)⑥tolerance寬容；容忍3.“獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)賞”家族①rewardvt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞n.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金②awardvt.授予；獎(jiǎng)給n.獎(jiǎng)品；獎(jiǎng)金③prizen.獎(jiǎng)金；獎(jiǎng)品④bonusn.獎(jiǎng)金；紅利(二)語(yǔ)段串記短語(yǔ)——不枯燥·興趣高先寫(xiě)對(duì)再用準(zhǔn)第一組1.out_of_work失業(yè)2.in_trouble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中3.turn_to求助于；致力于4.lose_heart_喪失勇氣或信心5e_to_power當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)6.as_a_matter_of_fact_事實(shí)上Thesituationhasbeeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment①came_to_power.Iam②out_of_workandfeelatalosswhattodo.Iwill③turn_tomyfriend,Maryforadvicetomorrow,whoalwaysencouragesmenotto④lose_heart.ShetoldmeIshouldbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenIam⑤in_trouble.第二組1.blow_up使充氣；爆炸2.set_up設(shè)立；建立3.be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)4.be_willing_to_do愿意做……5.be_in_prison坐牢6.in_one's_opinion/view在某人看來(lái)7.fight_for為……而戰(zhàn)NelsonMandeladevotedallhislifetorealizingthedreamthatpeoplewithdifferentcolorsshouldbeequal.He①set_upalawofficetoofferguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Oneday,oneofhissupportershelpedhim②blow_upthegovernmentbuildingsto③fight_fortheirrights.Unfortunately,he④was_sentenced_toprisonforlifeonRobbenIslanduntil1990.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.“in＋n.”短語(yǔ)面面觀(guān)①introuble在困境中②indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中③inreturn作為回報(bào)④indetail詳細(xì)地⑤inorder井然有序⑥inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢芒遡nvain徒勞地⑧inpeace平靜地2.“動(dòng)詞＋to”短語(yǔ)薈萃①turnto求助于；致力于②objectto反對(duì)③referto談到；涉及；參閱④pointto指向⑤belongto屬于⑥stickto堅(jiān)持；忠于⑦seeto處理；料理⑧eto共計(jì)；蘇醒(三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高背原句明句式學(xué)仿寫(xiě)1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋了我們的進(jìn)步……主語(yǔ)是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)名詞，謂語(yǔ)是see,find等動(dòng)詞，表示經(jīng)歷或目睹了某事。近幾年一些環(huán)境災(zāi)難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn)，專(zhuān)家們預(yù)測(cè)更壞的局面即將來(lái)臨。The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.2onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only修飾狀語(yǔ)放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。只有通過(guò)多練習(xí)剪紙，你才能掌握這門(mén)民間藝術(shù)。(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))Onlybypractisingpaper-cuttingmorecan_you_learn_the_folk_art.3.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。第一次比賽失敗，我們都感到很沮喪，因?yàn)槲覀兌既硇牡貫榇俗隽顺浞譁?zhǔn)備。(2013·湖南高考書(shū)面表達(dá))The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontotheresearch.Asforhisdailylife,heisingreattrouble.Forexample,onlywhenheturnstotheputerisitpossibleforhimtospeak,readandwrite?.However,hedevotes________(he)?tothestudyofscienceandhiscontributionstotheworldhavenoequal.Inmyopinion,nothingcouldbeinrewardforhiscontributions________?science.1.把句①改為正常語(yǔ)序：For_example,_it_is_possible_for_him_to_speak,_read_and_write_only_when_he_turns_to_the_puter.2.②處應(yīng)填詞的正確形式為himself。3.③處應(yīng)填介詞to。1．devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于(1)devote...to... 把……奉獻(xiàn)于……devoteoneselfto 獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 專(zhuān)心于(做)某事； 奉獻(xiàn)于(做)某事(3)devotionn. 關(guān)愛(ài)；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Oncemarried,Jodevotedherwholelifetolookingafterchildrenandbeingafulltimehomemaker.②Devoting(devote)herself/Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.③Tobehonest,LiLeiismydevoted(devote)friend.④Hisdevotion(devote)tothisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.補(bǔ)全句子⑤Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouare_fully_devoted_toyourwork.除非你完全專(zhuān)注于你的工作，不然你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)獲得成功。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]以下短語(yǔ)中to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。①lookforwardtodoingsth. 盼望做某事②objecttodoingsth. 反對(duì)做某事③getdowntodoingsth. 開(kāi)始做某事④payattentiontodoingsth. 注意做某事⑤be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事2．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；勝任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物(1)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于/勝任(做)某事withoutequal無(wú)與倫比equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得過(guò)、敵得過(guò)某人/物(2)equalityn. 平等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.②Nobodycanequalhiminintelligence.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.單句寫(xiě)作④其次，要積極向上和開(kāi)心，因?yàn)槟愕男睦斫】岛蜕眢w健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見(jiàn)表達(dá)：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor3．rewardn．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞(1)asareward(for...) 作為(對(duì)……的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardfor 為酬謝……；作為……的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)(2)rewardsb.with...forsth. 為某事而用……酬謝某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得做的；有益的；有意義的[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wegavehimagiftasarewardforhiskindness.②Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.③Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.單句寫(xiě)作④你提到你可以教我英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)，這恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Youmentionedthatyou_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.4．introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中askfortrouble 自找麻煩；自討苦吃getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩havetrouble(in)doingsth./withsth. 做某事方面有困難/麻煩takethetroubletodosth. 不怕費(fèi)事或困難盡力做某事[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)fyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakento_help(help)us.補(bǔ)全句子⑤WhatworriesmealotisthatIam_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.讓我十分擔(dān)心的是，我在收集信息和使用語(yǔ)言方面確實(shí)有困難。5．turnto求助于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；致力于；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向[一詞多義]寫(xiě)出下列句中turnto的含義①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②A(yíng)fterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.轉(zhuǎn)向③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查閱④Pleaseturntopage40.翻到[歸納拓展]turndown 關(guān)小；拒絕turnaway 拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走turnup 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)turnover 打翻；翻身；移交⑤Somepromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideoturned_outperfect.(2017·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))一些妥協(xié)是不可避免的，但視頻證明是極好的。6．thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。有類(lèi)似用法的詞語(yǔ)還有：(1)each/everytime 每次……時(shí)nexttime 下次……時(shí)thelasttime 上次……時(shí)(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly))一……就……①The_first_time_he_met_the_girlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithherdeeply.他第一次遇到這個(gè)女孩就被她的睿智所打動(dòng)，并深深地愛(ài)上了她。②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_maninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專(zhuān)注地讀報(bào)紙。[名師指津]thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，還可以用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，獨(dú)立作狀語(yǔ)， 不引導(dǎo)從句。③Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthe_first_timeheattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclassfor_the_first_time.他第一次上課時(shí)就對(duì)這位年輕老師的課感興趣。他第一次上課這么興奮。7．“only＋狀語(yǔ)”置于句首的倒裝句式...only_then_did_wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(通常是副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句等)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。①Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan_we_spendthosedaystogetherhappily.(2014·天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá))只有通過(guò)相互理解、彼此學(xué)習(xí)我們才能一起開(kāi)心地度過(guò)那些美好的日子。②There'snodenyingthatonlyifwedealwithandoverelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectwaywill_we_achieve_our_dreams.(2015·湖南高考滿(mǎn)分作文)不可否認(rèn)，只有我們以正確的方式處理和克服大量的困難我們才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢(mèng)想。[名師指津](1)“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝；(2)only放在句首修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不用倒裝。③Onlyafewofthechildrenhaven'tyetgotachanceofbeingeducated.仍有少數(shù)兒童未得到受教育的機(jī)會(huì)?？键c(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能Wehavereachedastage________?wemusttakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentfromgoingbadtoworse.Now,anyonewho?doesharmtoourenvironmentwon'tescapebeingpunished.Andthepastfewmonthshavewitnessedchangesintheenvironment.Theairquality,________?isshowninthereport,hasimprovedgradually.1.①處應(yīng)填關(guān)系詞where。2.用高級(jí)詞匯替換anyonewho：whoever。3.③處應(yīng)填as。8.escapev．&n．逃脫；逃生；泄露；被遺忘；逃走；避開(kāi)(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……逃脫；逃避(2)anarrowescape 九死一生；死里逃生[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.寫(xiě)出加黑單詞在語(yǔ)境中的含義③Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遺忘9．?dāng)M人修辭手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋了我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。(1)see意為“見(jiàn)證，目睹，經(jīng)歷”時(shí)，常以表示時(shí)代、年代、世紀(jì)或地點(diǎn)的名詞作主語(yǔ)，表示某時(shí)或某地“目睹、發(fā)生、經(jīng)歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動(dòng)詞有find,witness,say,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，用物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一種擬人的手法，以增添語(yǔ)言色彩，使表達(dá)更形象。①The_year_1949_saw_the_foundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.1949年見(jiàn)證了中華人民共和國(guó)的建立。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian'anmensaw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安門(mén)前的這兩只石獅目睹了許多重大的歷史事件。[單元語(yǔ)基落實(shí)]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.2．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.3．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.4．Hewas_attacked(attack)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.5．Ifwecan'tfinishtheworkontime,wewillgetintotrouble.6．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeing_fired(fire)byhisboss.7．Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.8．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(hope)．10．Highschooleducation(educate)isveryimportantforstudents,becauseitcanhelpthemtochoosetheirfuture.11．EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas_rewarded(reward)withamagnificentview.12．Thepany,founded(found)lastyear,hasgainedagoodreputationinsociety.13．Whenyourstudentsdowhatyouwantthemtodo,praisethemgenerously(generous)．14．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasworkexperience.15．Mr.Smithisalonelycreature,forhehasneitherfriendsnorrelatives(relative)．Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)補(bǔ)全句子1．這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有收音機(jī)、沒(méi)有，也沒(méi)有電視的時(shí)期。(Thiswasatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.2．只有在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到與所有的朋友脫離關(guān)系，從不與他們聯(lián)系是愚蠢的。(only引起的倒裝句)Only_then_did_I_realize_thatitwasfoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.3.我第一次在會(huì)議廳演講時(shí)非常緊張。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.4.當(dāng)他的親戚朋友向他求助時(shí)，他總是樂(lè)意幫助他們。(turnto;willing)Whenhisrelativesandfriendsturn_to_him_for_help,_heis_always_willing_to_givethemahand.5．這座古廟見(jiàn)證了過(guò)去二百年里這個(gè)村莊的巨大變遷。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.6．直到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我才意識(shí)到幫助有困難的人感覺(jué)多么美妙。(introuble)OnlythendidIrealizewhatagoodfeelingit_was_to_have_helped_someone_in_trouble.7．不要失去信心。你為什么不給自己再一次嘗試？(loseheart)Don't_lose_heart.Whynotgiveyourselfanothertry?8．他失業(yè)已經(jīng)三年了，到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)找到工作。(outofwork)He_has_been_out_of_work_for_three_yearsandhasn'tyetfoundajob.9．瑪麗把全部時(shí)間和精力都投入到了工作中，因此，她得到老板的贊揚(yáng)。(devote...to)Mary_has_devoted_all_her_time_and_energy_to_her_work,_soshewaspraisedbyherboss.10．這是魯迅先生曾住過(guò)的地方。(定語(yǔ)從句)Thisistheplacewhere_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived/in_which_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived.Ⅲ.一句多譯/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．我送給他一本從上海買(mǎi)的書(shū)來(lái)答謝他的幫助。①I(mǎi)gavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin_reward_for_his_help.(rewardn．)②A(yíng)s_a_reward_for_his_help,_IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③Irewarded_him_with_a_bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)2．IrealizedknowledgeisvaluableonlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.→OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seekingdid_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable.→It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job-seeking_thatIrealizedknowledgeisvaluable.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)3．Thegovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.→Thegovernmenthas_been_in_powerfortwoyears.4．Hedevotedhimselftomunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.→Devoting_himself_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotevt.)→Devoted_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotedadj.)[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]閱讀理解組塊專(zhuān)練——練速度(限時(shí)：30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ABessieColemanBorninTexas,ColemanmovedtoChicagotofindajob,butshebecameinterestedinthestoriessheheardfrompilotsreturningfromWorldWarⅠ.However,herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying.WhenshereturnedtoChicago,Colemanhaddifficultyfindingjobs,soshechosetobeastunt(特技)pilot.ShewasthefirstblackfemalepilotintheU．S.andwasaninspirationtoearlypilotsandtoAfricanAmericansandNativeAmericans.BessicaRaicheBessicaRaichedroveacar,shotgunsandpracticedmedicine.Besides,shewasanacplishedartistandmusician.ButonOct.13,1910,RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself.Raiche'saviationcareer(航空職業(yè))wasshort,asshemovedtoSouthernCaliforniatofocusonhercareerinmedicine,laterbeingpresidentoftheOrangeCountyMedicalAssociation.WillaBrownWillaBrownwasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoearnbothapilot'slicense(1938)andamerciallicense(1939)．Asaformerschoolteacherandsocialworker,BrownsetuptheCoffeySchoolofAeronauticsatChicago'sHarlemAirport,whichlaterbecamethefirstgovernment-approvedaviationtrainingschoolforAfricanAmericans.PeggyWhitsonAt57,PeggyWhitsonwastheworld'soldestspacewoman.Shehasspent500daysoffEarth—morethananyotherwoman,andin2008,shebecamethefirstfemalemanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)．ShemadehereighthspacewalkonMarch30,2017andshebeatthecurrentrecordforwomenof50hoursand40minutesoftotalspacewalkingtime.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四位女性飛行員。)1．WhydidBessieColemanmovetoFrance?A．Toacquirestuntskills.B．Tofindawell-paidjob.C．TotakepartinWorldWarⅠ.D．Toachieveherflyingdream.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying”可知，BessieColeman到法國(guó)是想實(shí)現(xiàn)自己成為飛行員的夢(mèng)想。2．Whomadeacontributiontoaviationeducation?A．BessieColeman. B．BessicaRaiche.C．WillaBrown. D．PeggyWhitson.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后一句可知，WillaBrown創(chuàng)辦了第一所政府支持的非裔美國(guó)人飛行訓(xùn)練學(xué)校。3．Whichofthefollowingdothefourshare?A．Theyareoutstandingwomenpilots.B．Theysuffereddiscriminationatwork.C．Theyneverreceivedgoodeducation.D．Theyhaveshowngreatcreativity.解析：選A推理判斷題。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself”以及第三段和第四段的內(nèi)容可推知，這四位都是杰出的女飛行員。BWhenSarahHansenfirstcametoBonnieSchlachte'sballetstudio,shejokinglycalledherselfa“weeble-wobble”，tellingherballetteacherthatshewouldfallwhenshetriedtowalk.“Shecouldn'twalkacrosstheroomwithoutholdingontosomething，”recalledSchlachte.“Shewouldimmediatelyfall.”Hansenwasonlyinmiddleschool,butaprogressiveneurological(神經(jīng)性的)diseasepreventedherfromwalking,letalonedoingballet.ButHansenhadastrongspiritanddesperatelywantedtolearnballet.HansentookweeklygroupclassesatSchlachte'sballetstudiocalledBalletforallKids,astudiothatteacheschildrenwithandwithoutdisabilities.Soonaftershebeganclassesandprivatelessons,herfamilysawavastimprovementinherabilitytomove.Sheworkedtirelesslyinthestudio,focusingonwhatherinstructorwantedfromher.“Atthetime,herfootwouldn'tfullyrestonthefloor，”explainedSchlachte.“That'swhyshecouldn'tstandonherowniftherewasnosupport.”Schlachtepushedherstudent,explainingtoHansenthatherbrainhasneuroplasticity(神經(jīng)可塑性),soeventuallyitwillreceivethemessage.Holdingadegreeinpsychology,BonnieSchlachtewastheperfectpersontopushHansentodoherbest.Schlachteputherselfthroughcollegewithdanceandtheaterscholarships.Aftergraduation,shecameacrossachancetohelpchildrenwithdisabilities.Shefellinlovewithandchosetofocusonjobsinthatfield.Yearslater,SchlachtefoundherselfwatchingandcelebratingHansen,whoatonepointcouldbarelywalk,butnowcouldmoveacrosstheflooronherowntwofeet.“Oneday,herankledropped,andsheputherwholefootontheground，”saidSchlachte.“Iwascryingandhermomwascrying.Itwasagreatmoment.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，從小患有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病的SarahHansen不能走路，然而她卻喜歡跳芭蕾。在老師的耐心教導(dǎo)和自己的努力下，她終于能夠獨(dú)立行走了。4．WhydidSarahHansencallherselfa“weeble-wobble”？A．Shehaddifficultyinwalking.B．Shewasapoorballetdancer.C．Shehadnoideaaboutherbrain.D．Shemadeslowprogressatschool.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“tellingherballetteacherthatshewouldfallwhenshetriedtowalk”可知，當(dāng)她走路時(shí)，她就會(huì)摔倒，這是她稱(chēng)呼自己為weeble-wobble的原因。5．WhatkindofpersonwasSarahHansen?A．Energeticandconfident.B．Optimisticandgenerous.C．Independentandout-going.D．Determinedandhard-working.解析：選D推理判斷題。由第二段的“ButHansenhadastrongspiritanddesperatelywantedtolearnballet”和第三段的第一句可推知，她是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定而且勤奮的人。6．WhatmadeSchlachteandHansen'smothercry?A．Hansen'sdegreeinpsychology.B．Hansen'simprovementinmoving.C．Hansen'swillingnesstolearnballet.D．Hansen'swinningdancescholarships.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“couldmoveacrosstheflooronherowntwofeet”和“sheputherwholefootontheground”可知，Hansen能夠自己走路了，她在走路方面取得的進(jìn)步讓她的老師和母親喜極而泣。CStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscienceandthearts,Hawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience,“Iamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarming,unlikeDonaldTrump,whomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30years'timeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”．AccordingtotheBBC,ProfessorHawkingsaid,“Spreadingoutintospacewillpletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeitwouldunitepetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethemonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated,“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexcite(youngpeople),andstimulateinterestinotherareas,suchasastrophysics(天體物理學(xué))andcosmology(宇宙學(xué))．”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience,“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued,“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgiftsofclimatechange,risingtemperatures,reductionofthepolaricecaps,deforestation(濫伐森林),anddecimation(大批殺死)ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking(考慮不周的)lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid,“Ifwesucceedwewillsendaprobe(航天探測(cè)器)toAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold(開(kāi)端)ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefiction,anditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章引用了世界知名物理學(xué)及天文學(xué)家霍金的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，闡明了人類(lèi)必須離開(kāi)地球在太空中找一處新家的原因。7．AccordingtoHawking,whatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospace?A．TosendpeopletoMars.B．Tobuildalunarbase.C．TosendastronautstotheMoon.D．Tochangethefutureofhumanity.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人類(lèi)要向太空擴(kuò)展應(yīng)在2020年之前把宇航員送到月球以重啟太空探索，故選C項(xiàng)。8．Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．speededup B．storedC．usedup D．explored解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。由該詞前面的“naturalresources”和后面的“atanalarmingrate”可以推斷出，drain在這里是“用完，耗盡”的意思，故選C項(xiàng)。9．WhatisHawking'sattitudetowardstheEarth'sfuture?A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.C．Positive. D．Indifferent.解析：選A觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的“warned”以及第五段的內(nèi)容可以推斷出，霍金對(duì)地球的未來(lái)持悲觀(guān)的態(tài)度，這也是他提出人類(lèi)要離開(kāi)地球的原因，故選A項(xiàng)。10．ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A．theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB．humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC．a(chǎn)newandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleD．a(chǎn)stronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人類(lèi)必須離開(kāi)地球的原因是：人類(lèi)處于危險(xiǎn)之中，地球受到威脅，故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Somepeoplechoosetoliveinaflatsharingwithothers.Otherscan'timagineleavingtheirperfectflatstolivewithlotsofotherpeople.Ifyoulivealone,you'reresponsibleforyourownspace.Ifyouneedyourquietspace,you'reguaranteedtohaveit.__1__Andyoucancatchupwithworkwithoutbeinginterruptedorhavealongandundisturbedbath.However,there'snoonearoundifyouneedahelpinghand.Ifsomethinggetsbroken,you'llhavetofixityourself.__2__Youdon'thavefriendsathometoinviteyououtandhelpyoumeetpeople.There'snooneathometohaveacupofteawithandtalkabouthowyourdaywas.__3__Sometimeswhenyougethome,thecakeyourcolleaguegaveyouasathank-youpresentismysteriouslygone.Wheneveryouwantarelaxingbath,there'snohotwaterleftandsomeonewantstoeineveryfiveminutes.It'salsorarelyquiet.Someonealwaysseemstohaveabirthdaypartywhenyouwanttogotobedearly.Butinspiteofallthat,therecanbesomewonderfulmoments,likewakinguptothesoundofthehoover(吸塵器)．__4__Andwhenyouehomeafteralongday,youfindyourhousematesmakingpizzawithleftovervegetableswhileyouwatchafilm.__5__So,what'syourchoice?A．Youcanbealonequitealot.B．That'swhenitallseemsworthit.C．Youdon'thavetosharethesofawithanyone.D．Livingalonehasbeemorepopularinrecentyears.E．It'snotallgoodwhenyoulivewithotherpeople,though.F．Youwillrealizehowimportantyourfriendsandfamilyare.G．Youwillrealizesomeoneelseisdoingthecleaningforachange.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了獨(dú)自生活以及與別人合住的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。)1．選C本空承接上文，是對(duì)上一句“Ifyouneedyourquietspace,you'reguaranteedtohaveit.”的舉例：如果你需要安靜的空間，你肯定會(huì)擁有它。你不需要和別人分享沙發(fā)。2．選A本空后兩句是對(duì)這一處內(nèi)容的具體說(shuō)明：你不會(huì)收到舍友的外出邀請(qǐng)，也沒(méi)有人和你在家里邊喝茶邊聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你會(huì)經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。3．選E根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，本段談?wù)摿撕蛣e人住在一起也并不總是那么美好。4．選G本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙時(shí)刻中的一種情況：在吸塵器的聲音中醒來(lái)，你會(huì)意識(shí)到有人正在打掃房間。5．選B本空是對(duì)最后一段內(nèi)容的概括：這些美妙的時(shí)刻會(huì)使你感到做出和別人住在一起這個(gè)選擇是值得的。[模塊仿真高考練(一)]一、模塊語(yǔ)基練(滿(mǎn)分30分)Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分)1．Devoting(devote)himselfentirelytohisresearch,Johnwasstillsingleinhisforties.2．Weshouldn'tuseviolence(v