2024北京門(mén)頭溝高三一模

英語(yǔ)

2024.3

1.本試卷共12頁(yè)，共100分,考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘。

考生2.請(qǐng)將條形碼粘貼在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處。

須知3.試卷所有答案必須填涂或書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。請(qǐng)使用2B鉛筆填

涂，用黑色字跡簽字筆或鋼筆作答。

第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題L5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上

將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

IwaspreparingfordinnerwithmyhusbandwhenourdaughterRikkistormedintothesittingroomandmarched

tothesofa.IglancedoutofthewindowandsawourneighborLexiwalkingslowlybacktoherhousewithherhead

down,lookingso1.

“Whydidn'tLexistaylonger?^^Iaskedher.

“Idon'twanttoplaywithher,^^Rikkicomplained,t4Iwishshewouldstopcomingoverhereallthetime.Her

dresslooksterribleandsmellsdisgusting.Everyoneinourclasschoosesto2her.^^

“That'snother3,Rikki.Maybeshedoesn'thaveanyonetohelpher.^^Isaid.

“Yousee,baby,^^herfatherbegantosay,“Ireallyknowhowshefeltwhenyoushowedyour4toherbecause

IhadthesameexperiencewhenIwasakid.Iwasthepoorkidwithhand-me-downclothes,thekidwhootherslooked

downon.That5nevergoesaway.^^Hetoldherhewantedhertobekindand6,notjudgmentalandhurtful.

Tearswerestreamingdownherface.

Thenwe7Lexitocomeoverandhavedinnerwithus.IrememberedLexicominginallsmiles.Wegathered

togetherandsoonIsawthegirlstalkingand8.Theyhadagreattime.IcouldevenseeasweetglowinRikki*s

eyes.

Rikkibegantothink9fromthatdayon.Lexicameoverafewtimesafterthat.Theybecamegoodfriends.

Today,Rikkihasaheartofgold.Sheisalwaysthefirsttowelcomethosewhom

othersmight10andisgenerousinhelpingothers.Itrulybelievethatdaymadeamajordifferenceinthe

personshehasbecometoday.

1.A.funnyB.upsetC.relaxedD.silly

2.A.punishB.inspireC.respectD.ignore

3.A.habitB.attitudeC.faultD.quality

4.A.coldnessB.selfishnessC.strictnessD.nervousness

5.A.dreamB.thoughtC.feelingD.smell

6.A.honestB.curiousC.normalD.helpful

7.A.assumedB.invitedC.remindedD.warned

8.A.laughingB.arguingC.cryingD.shopping

9.A.activelyB.creativelyC.professionallyD.differently

10.A.worryaboutB.turnawayC.dependonD.communicatewith

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示

詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

Whenhewas7yearsold,FrancisKerelefthisfamilytoattendschoolbecausehisvillagedidnothave

oneof11(it)own.Thirteenyearslater,hemovedtoGermany.Hedreamedofreturninghometobuildthe

classroomthatdidn'tthenexist.In2001,Kerecompletedhisfirstschool12(build).Hethen13

(creative)transfbrmedhisvillageandothercommunitiesinAfrica.In2022,hewon"NobelPrizeinarchitecture”,

thePritzkerPrize.

B

Todevelopasnackweallknowandlove,companieshavetoworkout14peoplehaveanappetitefor.

Today,companiesoftenaskcustomerstochoosetheflavorstheyfancyonapps,15(Ibok)outforthelatest

tastetrends.Snacktrendsalsochangeovertime.Whensupermarkets16(encourage)toremoveunhealthy

snacksfromthecashierdesk,companiesarequicktoprovidehealthiertreats.

C

17February10,thefirstdayoftheYearoftheDragon,thecrowdinapublicsquareinLondonburst

intocheers.SixteendancersperformedtheChaoshanYinggedance,atraditionalChinesefolkdance18

(celebrate)ChineseNewYear.IntheChaoshanregionofGuangdongprovince,19thedanceoriginated,

peoplebelieveitbringsgoodluckfornewyear.Thisperformance20(attract)millionsoftouristssince2023.

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂

E0O

A

AreyoureadytobecomeaninternationalUNVolunteer?

Youcancontributeyourtime,skillsandknowledgethroughvolunteeringwiththeUN.Thisisan

opportunitytocreateapositiveimpactandbeasignificantforceforachievingpeaceanddevelopment.Makea

differencetothelivesofmany!

ThefirststeptovolunteerabroadwiththeUNistodeterminewhetheryoumeettheminimum

requirements.Ifthisisthecase,registeryourprofileinourUnifiedVolunteeringPlatform.Then,youmayapply

forassignmentsthatareinhighdemandoreveninhighlyspecializedareas.

TheminimumagetoserveasaninternationalUNVolunteeris18yearsold.However,therearespecific

requirementsforvariouscategories:UNYouthVolunteers,includingUniversityVolunteers,mustbeaged18-

26,UNVolunteerspecialistsmustbeatleast27yearsold,andUNExpertVolunteersmustbe35yearsofage

andabove.

Theremayalsoberequirementsofrelevantprofessionalandacademicexperience,aswellaslanguage

proficiency（熟練）.RefertotheDescriptionofAssignmentfortheUNVolunteerassignmentfortheposition

youareapplyingforbecausedifferentassignmentshavetheirspecificrequirements.

AllUNVolunteersmustdisplayacommitmenttothevaluesandprinciplesofvolunteerismandthe

activitiesoftheUnitedNationsandtheUNCharter,andanabilityto

workinamulticulturalenvironmentandwithlocalpartnersandcommunities.Theyshouldbepreparedtoadjusttodifficult

livingconditionsinsometimesremotelocations.UNVolunteersshouldbeprofessional,withstronginterpersonaland

organizationalskills.

21.WhichisarequirementforbeinganinternationalUNVolunteer?

A.Havingapositiveimpact.

B.Beingyoungerthan18yearsold.

C.Havingrelevantworkexperience.

D.Beingtalentedinforeignlanguages.

22.IfselectedasaUNvolunteer,onewillneedto_.

A.showhiseducationlevel

B.improvelocallivingconditions

C.followtherulesoftheactivities

D.communicatewithothersefficiently

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

A.Everyassignmenthasitsparticularrequirements.

B.Ifyoumeettherequirements,youcanregisterbyemail.

C.UNVolunteerswillworkinremotelocationsindependently.

D.Asavolunteer,youshouldmakeprinciplesofvolunteerism.

B

“Yourmotherneedsanewheart,“myfathertoldmewhenIcalledonthatDecemberafternoon.Anunrelenting

optimist,hespokeasifshemerelyneededtohaveapartreplaced.But,althoughmytwosistersandIknewthatourmother

hadheartproblems,thisnewsstillmadeusfrozenforawhilewithoureyeswideningindisbelief.

Dr.MarcSemigranofthetransplantteamreviewedmymother'smedicalhistory.She'dhadanirregularandrapid

heartbeatformostofherlife.Herpresenttreatment------theuseofaseriesofcardioversions,orelectricjolts,torestorea

normalheartbeat------wouldnotworkinthelong-term.Shehadanenlargedandweakenedheart,aswellasafaultyvalve.

“Withmedication,"Dr.Semigransaid,4<youhavea60percentchanceoflivingsixmonths.Youcouldhavealonger

lifewithatransplant,buttherearerisks.You'reatthe

topendoftheagegroupofsixtyyearsold.Thelungsandotherorgansmustbehealthyandstrong.Whilethe

transplantsurgeryisactuallyastraightforwardprocedure,acceptancebythebodyisthedifficultthing.”

Myfamilycametogether,tryingtoprovidestrengthandworkoutwhattodo.We'dalreadygonefromshock,

overourmother'scondition,toworrythatshewouldn'tbeasuitablerecipient.Despiteoftherisk,wechosetobelieve

thatshewouldmakeiteventually.

WordcamelaterinDecemberthatshehadbeenacceptedintotheprogramme.Dr.JeremyRuskintoldusone

ofthereasonsshehadbeenacceptedwasthatshehadsuchstrongfamilysupport.

OneMondayinMay,atabout8p.m.,mymotherreceivedaphonecallfromthehospitalthataheartwas

available.Asshewasabouttobewheeledoff,myfathertookherfaceinhishandsandlookedintohereyes.Hislook

saideverythingabouttheir42-yearrelationship.

Thehearttransplantoperationwassuccessfulandtheconditionscouldnothavebeenbetter.

Theironyofthetransplantprocessisthatonefamily'slossisanother5sgain;thattragedybegetsfortune.Itis

akindoflifeafterdeath,ourheartsbeatingbeyondus.Wedevelopedafeelingofloveforthisnewpart,ofgratitude

forthedoctors,fortheprocess,andforthosepeoplewhomadeadecisionjustforhumanity.

24.Howdidthesistersfeeltothenewsthattheirmotherneededanewheart?

A.Frightened.B.Astonished.C.Worried.D.Annoyed.

25.Whichisthefactortoaffectthepossibilityoftheirmother'shearttransplant?

A.Herabnormalheartbeat.

B.Theageofoversixtyyearsold.

CHerwillingnesstothetransplant.

D.Theadaptationofthenewheartinthebody.

26.Whatmadethetransplantteamdecidetohavetheoperation?

A.Thatherlungswerehealthy.

B.Thatanewhearthadbeenfound.

CThatherfamilywereexpectingtheoperation.

D.Thatherfamilytrustedthedoctors*medicallevel.

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Familysupportisofgreatimportance.

B.Fortunefavorsthosewhoareoptimistic.

C.Confidencehelpspatientsovercomedifficulties.

D.Gettingpreparedbeforeacceptingatreatmentmatters.

C

Artificialintelligenceisalmosttwiceasaccurateasabiopsy（活組織檢查）atjudgingtheaggressivenessof

somecancers,expertssay.Cancerkills10millionpeoplegloballyeveryyear,accordingtotheWHO.Butforpatients

thediseasecanbepreventedifdetectedinstantlyanddealtwithquickly.

ArecentstudysuggestedanAIalgorithm（算法）wasfarbetterthanabiopsyatcorrectlygradingthe

aggressivenessofsarcomas（肉瘤），arareformofcancer.ResearchershopeAIwillimproveoutcomesforpatients

bygivingdoctorsamoreaccuratewayofgradingtumours（月中瘤）.Becausehigh-gradetumourscanindicate

aggressivedisease,thetoolcouldhelpensurethosehigh-riskpatientsareidentifiedmorequicklyandtreatedinstantly.

Low-riskpatientscouldalsobesparedunnecessarytreatments,follow-upscansandhospitalvisits.

Researcherssaythealgorithmcouldbeappliedtoothertypesofcancerinfuture.Theteamspecificallylooked

atretroperitonealsarcomas,whichdevelopatthebackoftheabdomenandaredifficulttodiagnose（診斷）andtreat

duetotheirlocation.TheyusedCTscansfrom170patientswiththetwomostcommonformsofretroperitoneal

sarcoma------leiomyosarcomaandliposarcoma.UsingdatafromthesescanstheycreatedanAIalgorithm,whichwas

thentestedon89patientsinothercountries.Ingradinghowaggressivethetumourwas,thetechnologywasaccurate

in82%ofthecases,whilebiopsieswere44%.

AIcouldalsorecognizeleiomyosarcomaandliposarcomain84%ofsarcomastested,whileradiologistswere

abletoidentifythemin65%ofthecases.ChristinaMessiou,thestudyleader,said:"We'reincrediblyexcitedbythe

potentialofthisstate-of-the-art

technology,whichcouldleadtopatientshavingbetteroutcomesthroughfasterdiagnosis.Aspatientswithretroperitoneal

sarcomaareroutinelyscannedwithCT,wehopethistoolwilleventuallybeusedglobally,ensuringthatnotjustspecialist

centrescanreliablyidentifyandgradethedisease.^^

RichardDavison,chiefexecutiveofSarcomaUK,saidtheresultslooked“verypromising^^.Headded:"Peopleare

morelikelytosurvivesarcomaifdiagnosedearly.Oneinsixpeoplewithsarcomacancerwaitmorethanayeartoreceive

anaccuratediagnosis,soanyresearchthathelpspatientsreceivebettertreatmentandsupportiswelcome.”

28.Accordingtothepassage,AIiscapableof___.

A.gradingtheriskofsarcomas

B.measuringthescaleofsarcomas

C.providingcancertreatmentforclinicians

D.classifyingcancerswithitsadvancedalgorithm

29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

A.MoresarcomascanbedetectedwiththehelpofAL

B.BiopsieswillbereplacedbyAIalgorithminidentifyingcancers.

C.MorepatientssufferingfromcancerswillbenefitfromAIalgorithm.

D.AIalgorithmhasbeenappliedinhospitalsfordetectingmostcancers.

30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.AIhasaprofoundmarketincuringcancers.

B.Newtreatmentsforsarcomasarewellunderway.

C.AIhelpsidentifyhigh-riskandlow-riskpatients.

D.AIdoesbetterinassessingsometypesofsarcomas.

D

Arecentglobalstudy,whichsurveyed10,000youngpeoplefrom10countries,showedthatnearly60percentof

themwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereport,whichwaspublishedinTheLancet,also

showedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondentssaidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily,andthreequartersagreedwiththe

statementthat“thefutureisfrightening.5,This,alongwithmanyotherstudies,shows

clearlythatclimatechangeisnotjustathreattotheenvironmentthatweinhabit.Italsoposesaveryrealthreatto

ouremotionalwell-being.Psychologistshavecategorizedthesefeelingsofgriefandworryaboutthecurrentclimate

emergency,acommonoccurrenceamongyouthtoday,underthelabelof"eco-anxiety”.

Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecological

science,burdenedbytherealitydepictedbytheirfindings,anditaffectsthemosteconomicallymarginalized（邊緣

化的）acrosstheglobe,whobearthedamagingimpactsofclimatebreakdown.

In2024,eco-anxietywillrisetobecomeoneoftheleadingcausesofmentalhealthproblems.Thereasonsare

obvious.Scientistsestimatethattheworldislikelytobreachsafelimitsoftemperatureriseabovepre-industriallevels

forthefirsttimeby2027.

Inrecentyears,we*veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece,andsummerfloodsruinregionsin

Pakistanthatarehometonearly33millionpeople.Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrising

temperaturesaremorelikelytoexperiencepsychologicaldistress.

Tomakemattersworse,facingclimatecrisis,ourpoliticalclassisnotofferingstrongleadership.TheCOP28

conferenceinDubaiwillbeheadedbyanoilandgascompanyexecutive.IntheUK,thegovernmentisbacktracking

onitsgreencommitments.

Fortunately,greaterlevelsofeco-anxietywillalsoofferanavenueforresolvingtheclimatecrisisdirectly.

AccordingtoCarolineHickman,aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromtheUniversityofBath,anyoneexperiencingeco-

anxietyisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstotheclimatecrisis.Thisiswhy,in2024,wewillalso

seemorepeoplearoundtheworldjointhefightforclimatejusticeandseekjobsthatprioritizeenvironmental

sustainability.Campaignerswillputincreasedpressureonfossilfuelindustriesandthegovernmentstorapidly

abandontheusageofpollutingcoal,oil,andgas.

It'snowclearthatnotonlyaretheseindustriesthemaincausesfortheclimatecrisis,theyarealsoresponsible

forthementalhealthcrisis,whichisstartingtoaffectmostofus.Eco-anxietyisnotsomethingwewilldefeatwith

therapy,butsomethingwewilltacklebytakingaction.

31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thecauseofeco-anxietyisemotionsexistinginourmind.

B.Peopleindevelopedcountriesaremorelikelytosufferfromeco-anxiety.

C.Eco-anxietyisanewkindofpsychologicaldiseaseduetoclimatechange.

D.Theauthorisdisappointedaboutgovernmentbehaviourtowardsclimatecrisis.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breach“inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Break.B.Reach.C.Raise.D.Affect.

33.AsforCarolineHickman'sopiniononeco-anxiety,theauthoris__.

A.puzzledB.favourableC.suspiciousD.unconcerned

34.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhoIstoBlameforEco-anxiety?

B.HowShouldYouSeeEco-anxiety?

C.HowWillEco-anxietyBeResolved?

D.WhyDoPeopleSufferfromEco-anxiety?

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中

有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Morethanaquarterhavetoenlargethefontsizeontheirmobilephonesotheycanreaditclearly.35Meanwhile,

28%regularlysquint（瞇眼看）atthescreen.Andallofthemaresignsofeyedisorder.

“Theresearchhasshownoureyesarenotdesignedtobefixedonasingleobjectforalongtime,especiallysmaller

laptopsorsmartdevices.36Evenworse,staringatthescreenconstantlycanleadtodryeyesyndrome,saysGiles

Edmonds,aclinicalservicedirector.

Dryeyesyndromeisaconditionwheretheeyesdonotmakeenoughtears,orthetearsevaporatetooquickly.Here

aresomesimplesolutionstopreventeyestrainandirritation,andpreserveyoureyehealthoverall.

Restyoureyes.

Followthe20:20:20rule,lookingupfromyourscreenevery20minutesandlookatsomething20feetaway

foratleast20seconds.37Itinturnreduceseyetiredness.

Adjustyourworkstation.

Changeyourscreensettingstoensurethatthebrightnessandcontrastarebalancedcorrectly,aswellasmaking

fontslarger.Also,bemindfulofhowyourworkstationispositioned.Adjustyourscreenensuringitis15-20degrees

beloweyelevelandaround50-70cmawayfromtheeyes.38

Reduceglare（眩光）.

39.Tryreducingthisbyattachingananti-glarescreentoyourmonitororlaptoptoavoidexternallight

shiningontothescreen.Glasseswearerscanalsohavelensestreatedwithananti-glarecoating.

A.Peopleshouldtrytoreducethetimespentonthescreen.

B.Onecanreadhisfavoritepaperbooksinsteadofe-books.

C.Halfconfessthey*reforcedtoenlargeimagestoseethemclearly.

D.Anotherthingtofocusonistomakesureyourroomisproperlylit.

E.Lookingintothedistancehelpsrelaxthefocusingmusclesofyoureyes.

F.Reflectionsonyourcomputerscreencancauseglareandleadtoeyefatigue.

G.Theymayfeeluncomfortable,painful,tiredandevenstarttoitch（發(fā)癢）orbum.

第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Thefirstpairsofjeansweredesignedforblue-collarworkers.Overthecourseofthe20thcentury,theworking-

classpantshavetransformedintofashioniconsandbecomepopulararoundtheworld.However,eachnewpairyou

buyhasamuchhighercostthan

youmightthink.

Everypairofjeanstakesabout0.7kilogramsofcotton.Growingthismuchcottonrequiresroughly10,000

litersofwater,nottomentionvariousherbicidesandpesticides,whichcanpollutegroundwater.Typically,plastic

fibersaremixedwithcottonthreadstoincreasecomfortandflexibility.Inordertodyethecloth,chemicalspraysand

severalcyclesofacid-washingareadopted,dischargingtoxicpollutantsintoriversandeventurnthemintoindigo-

blue.Also,therearethezippers,buttons,andrivetsmadeofcopperandothermetals,whoseminingisyetanother

sourceofenvironmentaldegradation.Allinall,themanufacturing（制造）processforasinglepairofjeansemitsover

33kilogramsofcarbon------theequivalentofdrivingover110kilometers.

Likemanygloballyproducedproducts,jeansaremadeinpoorcountriesandboughtinrichones.Muchofthe

world'scottonisgrownindevelopingcountries,withpoorlaborpracticesandfewprotectionsforworkers.Cotton

hereisoftenpickedbychildrenorforcedlabor.Andtheirhealthmaybethreatenedbypoisonouschemicalsduring

production.Becauseofthefast-pacedandroughmanufacturingwithunnaturalmaterials,today,mostpairslastno

longerthanayear.Likemostwaste,discardedjeansendupinlandfills,wheretheirdecompositionreleases

greenhousegas.Somegovernmentsarepursuingpoliciestomakecompaniesmoreresponsibleforworkerpayand

welfare,butunsustainablepracticesstillruncrazythroughoutthefashionindustry.

40.Whomaybethefirstconsumersofjeans?

41.Whyareplasticfibersusedwhenpairsofjeansaremade?

42.Pleasedecidewhichp