中考復習---閱讀技巧（一）ReadingSkills主旨大意型事實細節(jié)型

詞義猜測型命題類因此有關(guān)閱讀理解題目主要有以下幾種:推理判斷型一、常見題型及解題技巧根據(jù)歷年來全國各地中考閱讀理解題型的分析，將閱讀理解題大致歸納為以下四類：〔一〕詞、句理解題此題要求考生正確理解短文中的一些關(guān)鍵詞語或句子的含義，常用的方法是多種表達法、一詞多義法、同義近義或反義提示法、習語釋文法及句型轉(zhuǎn)換法等?！捕臣毠?jié)理解題一般針對某個特定的細節(jié)而提供，難度較小，屬表層信息理解，考生通讀短文后可直接找出答案依據(jù)?！踩惩评砼袛囝}通過字里行間的閱讀，作合理的推斷?！菜摹硽w納概括題此題主要針對文章的主題、中心思想、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次〔主題句或主題段〕，要求學生在理解全文后歸納短文要點，概括中心思路。Peoplelovetowatchbeautifulsunriseonthebeachinthemorning.Idisbelieveeverywordyousay.Thefootballteamwastrainedbyaprofessionaltrainer.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsofmoneyonappliances,forexample,fridges,colorTVsandwashing-machines.Unlikeherpeskysister,Jennyisalovelygirl.IfeeldelightfulbecauseIgotAinmyEnglishexam.Canyouhelpmeguessthemeaningofthesenewwords?Readingskills〔I〕Guessthemeaningofthenewwords.Peoplelovetowatchbeautifulsunriseonthebeachinthemorning.構(gòu)詞法sunrise+=sunrise日出合成法構(gòu)詞法Idisbelieveeverywordyousay.dis+believe=disbelieve不相信前綴法否認前綴構(gòu)詞法Thefootballteamwastrainedbyaprofessionaltrainer.train+er=trainer教練后綴法同義法：舉例子Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsofmoneyonappliances,forexample,fridges,colorTVsandwashing-machines.家用電器反義法Unlikeherpeskysister,Jennyisalovelygirl.討厭的邏輯法IfeeldelightfulbecauseIgotAinmyEnglishexam.快樂的；愉快的ReadingSkill〔Ⅰ〕猜測詞義通過構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義：前綴、后綴、合成2.通過上下文猜測詞義：①同義法〔舉例子〕②反義法③邏輯法Readingskills〔II〕Findthedetails(細節(jié))LondonBackpackers

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canborrowYoucanborrowbooks_________.(2013.長沙)A．a(chǎn)t3:30pmonSaturdayB．a(chǎn)t10:00pmonThursdayC．a(chǎn)t10:30amonMondayC找出關(guān)鍵詞，仔細比對細節(jié)Accordingtothesurveyof2,000Americanonlineshoppers,________peopleshoponlinefrom5pmto8pm(2013.長沙)A．320. B．640. C．800.keywords:peopleshoponlinefrom5pmto8pm2000×32%=640B找出細節(jié)中的隱含信息ReadingSkill〔Ⅱ〕細節(jié)

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，找準細節(jié)，仔細比對。2.找出細節(jié)中的隱含信息。

推理判斷題：高考重頭戲，20個題中常有6-8個，著重考查學生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。以原文內(nèi)容為前提，據(jù)作者的觀點理論〔非考生觀點〕，客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推理判斷型

透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，領(lǐng)悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態(tài)度等。推理判斷型常見的命題方式有：Thepassageimplies(暗示)

that_______.Wecanconclude(得出結(jié)論)

fromthepassagethat_____.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred

(推論)?Whatisthetone(語氣)

oftheauthor?Whatisthepurpose(目的)

ofthispassage?Thepassageisintendedto_____.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?

Readingskills〔Ⅲ〕Getthetheme(主題)ofthepassage1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:What’sthemainideaofthepassage?(2011.長沙)Nevermoveintoanewbuilding.Weshouldn’tbuycheapdesksandchairs.C.Theindoorairpollutionisabigandcommonproblem.Paragraph1------Thisisjustoneexampleofamodernproblemthatismostcommonincities—indoorairpollution

Paragraph2------indoorairpollutionisevenworsethanoutsidepollution.C50.Whichisthebesttitle(標題)forthepassage?(2012.長沙)A.OpinionsAboutThanksgivingB.HowtoEatTurkeyC.HowtoThankOthersWhatdoAmericanchildrenthinkofThanksgiving?Annie’sopinionJeremy’sopinionEleanor’sopinionRyan’sopinionAReadingSkill〔Ⅲ〕把握主旨分清主次，抓住主干，找出主題句。主題句一般出現(xiàn)在段落或文章的開頭局部2.弄清文章結(jié)構(gòu)，選出最正確標題。標題是文章中心思想的精煉表達?！渤橐粋€名詞詞組〕Readingcanmakeusclosertotheworld