單項選擇考點定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、情態(tài)動詞、虛擬語氣、特殊句式〔倒裝、強調(diào)、省略、反意疑問句等〕、情景交際、詞匯辨析：名詞、形容詞、動詞短語2、做題技巧〔1〕刪除冗余信息命題人通過添加插入語、限定語、定語從句、同位語等成分，無疑增加了句子的復(fù)雜程度，造成學生的視覺差異，從而導(dǎo)致思維錯位，產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)。解答這類題通常采用的方法是“刪除法”，去掉多余信息(插入語、限定語等)，答案就顯而易見了。Hehasn'tcomeyet.Whatdoyouconsider________tohim?A．happensB．hashappenedC．happeningD．tohappen補全省略成分省略句很容易影響學生對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、狀語從句的省略、句子謂語的省略、主謂語的省略及強調(diào)句型的省略等。解答此類題的較好方法是“補全法”。句子結(jié)構(gòu)補充完整后，干擾因素也就隨之消失，答案也就容易判斷了。Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A．beginsB．havingbegunC．beginningD．begun復(fù)原句子結(jié)構(gòu)命題人可以利用強調(diào)句、被動句、疑問句、倒裝句、感慨句、拆分句等特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來改變句子的正常詞序，造成搭配上的假象，從而到達干擾的目的。這類題有相當大的迷惑性，極易導(dǎo)致學生上當。解此類題最可靠的方法是“復(fù)原法”。只要恢復(fù)了它的廬山真面目，答案就一目了然了。Whichdoyoufeellike________timeonthetrain,chattingwithfriendsorjustreadingsomething?A．tokillB．toshareC．killingD．sharing〔4〕排除語境干擾設(shè)題者常通過變換句子的正常結(jié)構(gòu)，利用詞語的不同含義和用法，詞形的變化，各種搭配，標點符號，轉(zhuǎn)折詞等設(shè)置干擾語境誤導(dǎo)學生。碰上此類陷阱題時，考生務(wù)必認真審題，弄清句子的根本結(jié)構(gòu)，分析句子所處的語境，了解句子的真正含義，最后作出正確的選擇。You________paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.can'tB．shouldC．mustD．needn't〔5〕識別相似表達英語中有些句式結(jié)構(gòu)形相似而實不相同，命題者經(jīng)常利用這一點來設(shè)計“陷阱”。此類題粗看起來非常類似某個熟悉的句式，極易造成學生思維錯覺。做此類題不能粗心大意，要注重語境，理解句意，強化對易混句的辨析，有意識地改變思維定勢。①I'llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingA．tobetakenB．totakeC．takenD．beingtaken②You'llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingA．tobetakenB．totakeC．takenD．beingtaken完形填空完形填空做題技巧一、高考完形填空命題趨勢：選材特點:以記敘文為主,多以記敘文和夾敘夾意為主純議論文命題特點:(1)設(shè)空特點:實詞為主、虛詞為輔，單詞為主、短語為輔動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞等實詞80%介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞那么相對考得較少(2)考點層次分三部:里邊層次：(語篇層次30%以上)表達了突出語篇的命題思路句子層次：(占70%左右)單詞層次：(只須讀懂單詞所在句子就能做,分數(shù)較少)(3)考查重點:短文第一句不設(shè)問.高考完形填空題型特點以敘為主,敘議結(jié)合;篇章短小,意義完整;3.首句完整,主題明確;4.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,層次清楚;5.考查語境,側(cè)重辨析;6.實詞為主,虛詞為輔;7.邏輯推理,隱于語篇;8.常識語法,每年出現(xiàn)。完型填空之能力訓(xùn)練目標：1.詞語辨析能力2.語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力3.語篇理解能力4.邏輯推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意圖剖析能力8.生活常識綜合運用能力二、考生易失分之處：1、無視行文邏輯，斷章取義，就題論題。2、脫離語境，濫用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常識和不了解中西文化的差異。做題三忌：急于求成，未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項之間，欲速那么不達。只摳字眼，語法，不顧文意，抓不住關(guān)鍵。斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯(lián)系，互不照應(yīng)，前后矛盾。三、做題三步法方法：四、巧解完形填空——高分技巧九大方法巧解完形一、利用首句來解題，根據(jù)全文來選擇Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas

36

andwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”

A.bright

B.useless

C.simple

D.hopeful二、根據(jù)上下文語境，合理推斷來解題Ourfatherwasastrugglinglawyer,butIalwaysknewhewas

37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.

37.

A.strict

B.honest

C.special

D.learned38.A.help B.peaceC.smileD.praisePractice：HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.cared B.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.clean B.straightC.largerD.darker三、利用語篇標志解題〔三找〕常見的標志性的詞語有以下幾種：結(jié)構(gòu)層次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；邏輯關(guān)系：thus,therefore,so；遞進關(guān)系：besides,what’smore,further;轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but,while,however,ontheotherhand等。Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)41vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important1、找邏輯關(guān)系題〔轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、解釋、對立、因果、并列、總分、遞進〕2、找NOT題〔在原文中找not〕句式結(jié)構(gòu)：前面肯定后面否認、前面否認后面肯定，那么選對立關(guān)系的詞。考點：〔以下條件缺一不可〕=1\*GB3①考查的是一個肯定句和否認句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，空前后必須是獨立的句子；=2\*GB3②出題位置在兩個句子之間或第二個句子的開頭，不能處在一個句子的末尾或中間；=3\*GB3③選項中必須要有對立關(guān)系的詞。3、找AND題〔在原文中找and〕考點：=1\*GB3①and前后選同義詞，詞性一致；=2\*GB3②and前后選同一范圍詞；=3\*GB3③and前后句子對應(yīng)成分相同；=4\*GB3④在文章中，并列關(guān)系詞前后如果出題，利用關(guān)系解題。4、找同現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)原那么Liumeiisamongthe__22__ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(容許給〕LiuafullscholarshipHK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.22.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silentFriendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike__2__friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…2.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar四、根據(jù)邏輯推理解題…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange___quitepleasanttaste.

A.besidesB.butC.andD.or五、根據(jù)常識和文化背景的角度來選擇Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.

A．dry

B．distant

C．deserted

D．wild六、從語法角度來解題Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.

21

Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed

22(loneliness).A．Before

B．Since

C．Although

D．WhileHaveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen23lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared解題思路：利用語法分析解題，選項中的動詞都是過去式，其后句賓語從句hadkept是過去完成時，故判斷是虛擬。七、從慣用法和固定搭配方面來解題1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming__1_.Soheshouldn’thavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall八、從詞語辨析的角度來解題When,twoweekslater,I38thissameboy,IwasmoreawareofmypositioninNigeriansociety.Ishould9(enjoy)thiscountryasthesonofaminister.A.ranafter B.ranintoC.ranover D.ranto九、同義近義復(fù)現(xiàn)來解題Ibelievethatamixtureoffriendsisequallyadvantageous.Onecan___7___fromvarioussortsoffriendsinthreeaspects.First,frequentcontactswithdifferentfriendsbroadenmyworldoutlooks.Justasvariouskindsofnutrimentskeepyouhealthy,makinga__8__offriendskeepyoulively.…Secondly,Ihavefoundthatdifferentfriendscannotonlyleadtonewadventuresbutalsoshowmenewavenuestosuccessinlife.…7.A.obtainB.benefitC.sufferD.earn8.A.rangeB.seriesC.quantityD.variety五、完型填空實戰(zhàn)四招：抓首——抓住首句,預(yù)測全文。完形填空所選短文多沒有標題,但一般首句是一個不設(shè)空(或較簡單)的完整的句子,往往用以點明短文的體裁,如議論、說明或表達等。因此,我們在解題時一定要注意以首句的時態(tài)、語態(tài)及表述方式為立足點來進行邏輯思維,判斷文章體裁,找出文章中心。捕眼——捕捉題眼,尋找契機所謂“題眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的關(guān)鍵詞以及能夠幫助我們解決問題問題的特定的語境。捕捉題眼,就是要迅速找到語篇中的特殊的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系——那些表示因果、遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、指代等意義的連接詞及動詞、形容詞、副詞、同位語等,還有那些明確具體的事實(如時間、地點、人物、形狀、色彩、順序),以及它們之間的關(guān)系等。跳身——避難就易,節(jié)省時間在解題過程中,我們應(yīng)該遵循“先易后難”的原那么,遇到少數(shù)疑難問題時不可徘徊不前。為了不影響做題速度,我們可以暫時跳過難點,去解決那些靠上下文能確定的、比擬直接具體的問題?；蛟S在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或明確的表示,或許一個在前面不能解的題在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。一般說來,固定詞組、習慣搭配、常見句型及明顯的語法結(jié)構(gòu)等易于判斷。掃尾——復(fù)讀全文,解決殘敵到了這時,借助已經(jīng)補全的空白,我們應(yīng)該對全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問題,如采用排除法逐步縮小包圍圈等方法。對于實在無從下手的個別題目,我們那么完全可以憑語感來確定：把幾個選項逐一放在空格內(nèi)念兩遍,哪個念起來順口、舒服就選哪個。注意：憑語感選定的答案不要輕易改動,因為最初的感覺很可能是正確的。在各空都已填出后,再復(fù)讀全文。我們必須重視這最后的彌補疏漏,改正錯誤的掃尾時機,以爭取最好成績。閱讀理解閱讀理解做題技巧閱讀理解概覽考綱對閱讀理解的主要要求：掌握所讀材料的主旨大意，以及用以說明主旨大意的事實和細節(jié)。既理解具體的事實，也理解抽象的概念。既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義，包括作者的意圖態(tài)度等〔4〕能理解某句某段的意義，并能把握全篇的文脈，即句與句，段與段之間的關(guān)系，并能據(jù)此進行推理和判斷?！?〕能根據(jù)材料所提供的信息，結(jié)合中學生應(yīng)有的常識正確判斷生詞的含義。閱讀理解體裁特征：議論文〔2010江蘇B，2012江蘇D，2013江蘇B〕說明文〔2011江蘇C,2008江蘇A，2008江蘇B，2009江蘇A，2009江蘇D，2010江蘇A，2010江蘇D，2012江蘇B，2012江蘇C，2013江蘇C〕記敘文〔2011江蘇D，2008江蘇D，2009江蘇B，2013江蘇D〕應(yīng)用文〔2010江蘇C，2009江蘇C，2008江蘇C，2012江蘇A，2013江蘇A〕閱讀指導(dǎo)日常閱讀指導(dǎo)①.保證一定的閱讀量，每天2-4篇。②.有精讀有泛讀，不要篇篇都仔細看。③.精讀應(yīng)以讀近幾年各地高考試題。④.精讀時應(yīng)適當練習句子成分分析，長句難句增加，必然對學生分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的根本功要求越來越高。⑤.精讀時還要注意詞義詞性的區(qū)分，后置定語，連接詞語以及由動詞形式變化反映的句意的變化。⑥.考前練限時閱讀，35分鐘完成5篇總詞數(shù)約2400的各類文章。⑦.注意總結(jié)四類問題的答題規(guī)律〔事實細節(jié)題、主旨大意題、推理判斷題、語義辨析題〕。⑧.除掌握高考詞匯表上的單詞外，還應(yīng)掌握考綱要求的構(gòu)詞法知識〔比方今年高考中對于A篇unsettled一詞、C篇aturn-takinggame等詞語的理解〕。閱讀理解做題指導(dǎo)〔1〕事實細節(jié)題A.正確答案的特點：與原文情節(jié)表達手法不同，但所表達的意思相同。★★★B.干擾選項的特點：①.是原文信息，但與題目要求不符；②.符合常識，但不符合原文內(nèi)容；③.與原文情節(jié)極為相似，只是在程度上有些變動；④.選項中所提供的信息局部正確，局部錯誤；⑤.在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。C.事實細節(jié)題:主要考查學生對閱讀材料中的某一特定細節(jié)或文章的主要事實的理解能力,問題主要包詢問人(who)、物(what)、時間(when)、地點(where)、原因(cause)、結(jié)果(effect)、數(shù)據(jù)(data)等。新聞、說明文、廣告信息等常?？季唧w細節(jié)。①.直接事實題：先閱讀題干，確定讀材料的時候要查找的細節(jié)及事實的范圍，然后利用略讀的手法找出出處。②.間接事實題：需結(jié)合上下文提供的語境和信息進行簡單的概括和判斷。D.常見問題形式有1.三正一誤或三誤一正①.Whichofthefollowingistrue/falseexcept…?②.Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept…2.定義3.年代與數(shù)字4.比擬5.原因和結(jié)果 〔2〕主旨大意題A.設(shè)題方式①.考查文章的中心思想Themainidea/keypointofthispassageisthat_____.Thepassageismainlyabout__.Fromthepassagewecanlearn/concludethat_________.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?②.考查文章標題的選擇Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassageis_________.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis_________.③.考查作者的寫作態(tài)度和意圖Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinthispassage?Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis____.Inthepassagetheauthorwantstotell___.Thewriter’sattitudetoward...is___.B.干擾項特點①.以偏概全。干擾項只闡述了文章的一局部內(nèi)容，也就是文章的局部信息。②.斷章取義。干擾項常常以文章中的個別信息或個別字眼作為選項的設(shè)置內(nèi)容，或者以次要的事實或細節(jié)冒充全文的主要觀點。③.主題擴大。干擾項所歸納、概括的范圍過大，超過文章實際所討論的內(nèi)容。④.張冠李戴。命題者有意地把屬于A的特征放在B的身上，構(gòu)成一個干擾項。考生不注意的情況下，會造成錯選答案。⑤.無中生有或似是而非。有的干擾項中的關(guān)鍵詞語好似在文章中談到了，但認真分析之后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這類干擾項的內(nèi)容與文章的內(nèi)容毫無聯(lián)系。C.解題指導(dǎo)1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主題句。主題句是歸納表達文章中心思想的句子,它的出現(xiàn)有四種情況:1〕主題句在開頭?主題句出現(xiàn)在段落或文章的開頭局部,起著開宗明義?點明主題的作用,它可以使讀者一開始就明白文章所講的內(nèi)容主旨?而支撐句那么使用一些具體的人、物、數(shù)字或具體的步驟來闡述或論證主題，常伴有forexample\i.e.\thatis\first\second\finally\once\anothertime\foronething等詞。2〕主題句在結(jié)尾?用歸納法寫的文章,其結(jié)構(gòu)是表述細節(jié)的句子放在前面,概述性的句子放在后面,并以此而結(jié)尾,所以結(jié)尾的句子起著總結(jié)歸納?畫龍點睛的作用，多伴有so\therefore\thus\inshort\asaresult\thatiswhy等詞。3〕考生可以快速瀏覽每段首尾兩句來確定每段的主題句，從而確定文章的主題句。4〕值得注意的是:有些文章和段落無明顯的主題句,只是暗示性地表達主題?這就要求考生在閱讀過程中,根據(jù)文章中所表達的事實或提供的線索來概括和總結(jié)文章的大意?2.理清層次關(guān)系,，選出最正確標題〔反推法〕標題是文章中心思想的精練表達,多為一個名詞詞組，短小明了,函蓋性強?做這類題目時,要在閱讀全文的根底上,把握好層次關(guān)系。注意選項的歸納范圍要恰如其分,干擾項往往是局部信息，是某一小節(jié)或文章里的某一句。所以我們在解題時要反復(fù)推敲，把概括范圍過窄或過寬的選項過濾掉。3.抓住關(guān)鍵詞，判斷作者意圖作者在描述事實或傳遞信息時,不管他的意圖是什么,其觀點和態(tài)度都不可防止地在文章中反映出來?常見的涉及到作者態(tài)度的詞有褒義類詞〔approving,positive,optimistic,等〕，貶義類詞(critical,pessimistic,doubtful,questioning)和中性類詞(indifferent,serious,objective,concerned,neutral)。這就要求考生在閱讀時應(yīng)特別注意文章的措辭,尤其注意那些表達感情色彩的形容詞如improving,encouraging,disappointing,fail,ignore等，以及作者對人物語言?行為和思想的描寫,從中領(lǐng)悟作者的寫作意圖和態(tài)度?4.小結(jié)：總之，主旨大意類題雖然綜合性強，對考生的能力要求較高，但只要我們掌握了一定的解題技巧，在讀懂讀透文章的根底上，仔細比照四個備選項之間的內(nèi)涵與外延之間的差異，定能準確地找出正確答案?！?〕推理判斷題A.推理判斷的題目中常含有infer、imply詞匯等。B.干擾項的特點：①.將文章中的信息作為干擾項；②.將不符事實.邏輯的判斷推理結(jié)果作為干擾項。C.解題方法：①.判斷推理要以文中事實為依據(jù);②.不能將文中已經(jīng)說明的事實作自己的推斷;③.杜絕僅憑個人的看法，主觀臆斷。D.技巧：找出作者所陳述的細節(jié)、事實及能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語，進行符合邏輯的推理。注意：不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點E.解推斷題最主要的方法:根據(jù)詞義關(guān)系推斷具體細節(jié)。F.題干形式：①.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat___.②.Fromthetextweknowthat__.③.Thestoryimpliesthat______.④.Thewritersattitudetoward…is______.⑤.Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe______.G.新題型：1、文章的續(xù)寫2、把句子放回文中的哪個局部〔4〕猜想詞義題詞、短語、句子意思的猜想主要依據(jù)它所在段落的內(nèi)容進行。如果該段落比擬短，信息量缺乏，那么與之相鄰的上下兩個段落的內(nèi)容那么是猜詞義的重要依據(jù)。A.詞義猜想題常用的提問方式：①.Theword“…”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_______.②.Theword“…”ismostlikelytomean______.③.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?④.Theunderlinedword“…”means___B.猜想詞義方法1).Definition定義法：一般通過定義、定語〔從句〕或同位語〔從句〕來確定詞義.①.Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.()②.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.()2).Contrast比照法：利用文中的反義詞以及表比照關(guān)系的詞〔組〕猜想詞義。①.Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissented.()②.Sheisusuallypromptforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.A.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.quickly3).Similarity相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞或詞組猜想詞義。①.Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormoustask.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted.()4).Causeandeffect因果法：從原因推測結(jié)果，從結(jié)果推測原因。①.Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.()②.Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.()5).Example例舉法：利用文中的舉例猜想詞義.常見的舉例提示詞:forinstance/example,suchasetc.①.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.()6).Context上下文：利用語境及前后的提示來猜想詞義。①.HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.A.seeclearlyB.understandC.expect②.Thechildrenarelookingatanape.A．a(chǎn)kindofmonkeyB．a(chǎn)kindoftreeC．a(chǎn)kindofbirdThechildrenarelookingatanapeatthezoo．A．a(chǎn)kindofmonkeyB．a(chǎn)kindoftreeC．a(chǎn)kindofbirdThechildrenarelookingatalarge,hairyapeatthezoo．A．a(chǎn)kindofmonkeyB．a(chǎn)kindoftreeC．a(chǎn)kindofbird7)monSense常識法：在閱讀的過程中，如遇到生詞，有時可以根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗，或運用自己已有的常識將其推測出來。比方了解一些英美國家的天文地理、風俗習慣、宗教信仰、政治結(jié)構(gòu)、社會制度等，可以幫助加深對文章的理解，遇到生詞時，猜想詞義的能力自然就會增強。①.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.●不成文的小技巧內(nèi)容相似都排除內(nèi)容相反選其一過于絕對容易錯〔all/always/never等〕不確定的反而對〔may/might/about/almost等〕文章一樣需謹慎任務(wù)型閱讀任務(wù)型閱讀做題技巧一、任務(wù)型閱讀概覽任務(wù)型閱讀占總分120分中的10分，共10題，也就是10個空格要求填寫詞語，答題參考時間為12分鐘。10個空格可以分成以下三類。1.捕捉信息的能力信息查找〔屬根底題〕

2.組織信息的能力信息轉(zhuǎn)換〔屬活用題〕3.概括信息的能力信息歸納〔屬綜合概括題〕年份信息查找題信息轉(zhuǎn)換題信息歸納題文章長度體裁2013352422說明2012721434科普2011523428說明2010622528科普2009451553說明2008352428議論二．任務(wù)型閱讀解題指導(dǎo)1.觀察圖表1〕.是否有標題/是否需要填標題注意利用所給標題了解文章大意2〕.瀏覽表格,大致了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)注意利用已給信息了解文章主線3〕.是否需要統(tǒng)一的形式2.閱讀文章后進行填詞(一)通覽全文,利用表格中的信息提示，準確地在文中找到答案的信息來源。(二)選詞要盡可能完整,準確地表達出文中信息先確定詞意,再確定詞性，最后所選詞的適當?shù)脑~形變化動詞:要注意時態(tài),語態(tài)名詞:要注意單復(fù)數(shù)形容詞副詞:要注意各自不同的修飾功能連詞:要注意行文的邏輯關(guān)系3.填詞后:通讀表格，檢查1).再次確保答案與表格內(nèi)容的一致性2).注意語意是否流暢，確保語意和語法兩方面都正確Whatshouldwepayattentionto?1.字跡端正,卷面要整潔！2.大小寫，單復(fù)數(shù)，統(tǒng)一形式！三．知識點整理1、信息轉(zhuǎn)換技巧解題關(guān)鍵:根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，加工分析并轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種表達方式。常見的轉(zhuǎn)換方式(1).前綴和后綴轉(zhuǎn)換,詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(2).同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換(3).句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換(4).另選其它詞來釋義〔1〕詞性轉(zhuǎn)換/前綴和后綴轉(zhuǎn)換Nowadays,agoodeducationbenefitsmoreandmorepeople.Nowadays,moreandmorepeople________fromagoodeducation.Nowadays,agoodeducationisof_________tomoreandmorepeople.Nowadays,agoodeducationis___________tomoreandmorepeople.〔2〕同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustlieinregularexercise.Ithinkmylongandactivelifemust__________fromregularexerciseIthinkregularexercisemust__________/__________tomylongandactivelife.Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustbe________toregularexercise.〔3〕句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換1).Animalswhichhavethissamefamilyofgenesdonotgainweighteasilyasotheranimals.Animals______/______thissamefamilyofgenesdonotgainweighteasilyasotheranimals.2).Tomcouldn'tagreewithhisboss’sdecisionmore.Tom_________/_________hisboss’sdecision.Tom___________ofhisboss’sdecision.Tomwasin___________ofhisboss’sdecision.〔4〕另選其它詞來釋義1).Eachpersonmaybelievethatheiscorrectandthattheotherperson’sviewiswrong．(2009江蘇)wearealways__________________incommunicationwithothers.2).Wearecontinuallypickingupmeaningsfromothers’behaviorsandweareconstantlyprovidingbehaviorsthathavecommunicativevalueforthem．(2009江蘇)Weareconstantly______________meaningsbywhatwedo.轉(zhuǎn)換類常用句型1．byaccident/chance=_______________(accidentally)2．withoutaccident=___________(safely)3．takesthintoaccount/consideration=_____________(consider)4．inaddition/what’smore/apartfrom=_______/________/_______ (besides/moreover/furthermore)5．inall/intotal=___________(altogether/totally)6．a(chǎn)pproveof/beinfavorof/agreeto=___________(favor)7．a(chǎn)ttendon/upon/waiton/upon=________ (serve)8．havefaith/trustin;consider…tobetrue=__________(trust)9．outofbreath=________________ (breathlessly)10．butfor=___________(without)11．inanycase/atanyrate/atanyprice/atanycost/whateverhappens=_____________ (anyhow)12．nowthat=_________(since)13．copewith/dealwith/dowith/trytofindasolutionto=_______(handle)14．dealwith=_______(concern)15．toone’sdelight/regret/sorrow/shame/surprise/astonishment=_______/_______/_______/________/________/__________(delightfully/regretfully/sorrowfully/shamefully/surprisingly/astonishingly)16．doawaywith/getridof=______ (abolish)17．withoutdoubt=____________(undoubtedly)18．(be)ofnoeffect=__________(useless)19．cometoanend/put…toanend=_______/________(finish/end)20．beequalto/amountto=_________ (equal)21．fitinwith/fallintoagreement=________(suit)22．guardagainst/keepsafe=__________(defend)23．inahurry/inarush=___________ (hurriedly)24．make(leave)animpressiononsb=_______________(impress)25．byoneself/withouthelp/onone’sown=_________(alone)26．putupwith=________/_________/__________ (bear/stand/endure)29．beforelong=________(soon)30．byallmeans/ofcourse=____________(certainly)31．bear(orkeep)…inmind/bring…tomind=______ (remember)32．a(chǎn)tthemoment=__________ (now)33．fornothing/withoutpayment=_________(free)34．nothingbut=________(only)35．a(chǎn)llatonce/allofasudden=_________(suddenly)36．onceinawhile=____________(occasionally)37．inparticular=____________ (particularly)39．pointout=___________ (indicate)42．onpurpose=___________ (deliberately)43．outofthequestion=_________(impossible)44．with/inreference/regardto=_______/_______ (about/concerning)45．regardlessof/withoutworryingabout/inspiteof=_______(despite)46．run(take)riskof/dosthdangerous=_________ (risk)47．forsure/certain=_________/__________(certainly,definitely)48．behindtime=___________ (late)49．forthetimebeing=____________ (temporarily)50．innotime/veryquickly=_____________(immediately)51．onthewhole/forthemostpart=____________(generally)52．a(chǎn)gainstone’swill=______________ (unwillingly)53．workout=____________/_____________(solve/exercise)54．showrespectforsb/lookuptosb=_________(respect)55．makepreparationsfor/getreadyfor=_________for(prepare)56．likecrazy/mad=_______________ (madly)57．takein=__________/_________(cheat/absorb)58．takeexercise=____________(exercise)59．takeon=____________(employ)60．turnup/showup=____________(appear)61．a(chǎn)samatteroffact/infact/inreality/ineffect=_________(actually)62．lookforwardto=_____________(expect)63．nomatterwhat=______________ (whatever)64．giveadescriptionof=_______________(describe)65．leadto/bringabout/resultin=___________ (cause)66．setoff/setout=___________(start)67．bedifferent=_________ (differ)68．intheend/atlast=___________/___________ (finally/eventually)69．beawareof=_____________(sense)70．havesthincommon=___________ (share)71．giveup=__________/__________ (quit/stop)72．bringsthundercontrol=___________ (control)73．haveagoodmasteryof=___________ (master)74．inone’sopinion=___________(personally)75．commitsuicide=_______oneself(kill)76．succeedindoing=__________todo (manage)77．breakinupon.=__________ (interrupt)78．beanxious/eager/longtodo=_________todo (desire)79．beinresponsetosth=__________to(respond/react)80．makeupsomethingnew=__________(invent)81．twoweeks=____________ (fortnight)82．a(chǎn)personwithaphysicaldisability=a______person(disabled)83．gothrough(greatchanges)=____________(experience)84．doalotforsth=__________tosth (contribute)85．varietiesof/differentkindsof/avarietyof=_______(various)86．takepartin=_____________in(participate)87．makeadiscovery=_________(discover)88．makeanagreementtodosth=_________todo (agree)89．makecontributionsto=______________to(contribute)90．a(chǎn)lltheyearround=__________theyear(throughout)91．standfor=_____________ (represent)92．makeanapologytosb=___________tosb(apologize)93．bewillingtodosth=dosth___________________(willingly)94．causedamageto=________________ (damage)95．givepermissionto=______________ (permit)96．givebirthto=__________________ (bear)97．tenyears=_____________ (decade)98．haveaneffect/influence/impacton/upon=________/__________/__________ (affect/influence/impact)99．cometoone’said/help/assistance=_______/__________/________(aid/help/assist)100．thatis(tosay)/inotherwords=__________ (namely)101.100years=1century=10decades102.takeadvantageof=makeuseof103.parentalattention=withthehelp/aid/assistanceofparents104.opposethemove=beagainstthemove=objectto=disagreewith105.consider…=take…intoconsideration/account106.atthebeginning=atfirst107.beresponsiblefor=take/shoulder/bearresponsibilityfor108.sincethebeginningofhumanevolution=throughouthumanhistory109.Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunities.=Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecades,seekingabetterjob./searching/lookingforabetterjob.110.housing-relatedreasons=reasonsrelated/linked/relevantto/connectedwithhousing111.takeanactivepartin=takepartinsth.actively112.encourageparticipationinquietactivities=encouragechildrentoparticipatein/takepartin/playaroleinquiteactivities113.behookedonheadphones=beaddictedtoheadphones114.valuableinformation=informationofgreatvalue115.understandclearly=haveaclearunderstandingofsth.116.affect=haveaneffect/influence/impactonsth.117.matter=count=beveryimportant=beofimportance=makesense=makeadifference118.killssb.=sth.costssb.sth.=claimone’slife119.makeanapology=apologizetosb.120.beover=end=put…toanend121.despite=inspiteof122.sharelessthan2%=accountforlessthan2%=makeup123.online=ontheInternet124.learngoodcitizenship=learntobegoodcitizens125.listthethingsthatyouaregoodat=listwhat/allyouaregoodat126.explainsth.=makeanexplanation127.offersth.tosb.=provide/supplysth.forsb.128.besides=ontopof=inadditionto=apartfrom129.bebetterthan=besuperiorto130.approveof=subscribeto=beinfavor/supportof=favorsth.131.haveaccessto=beacceptable/accessible/availableto132.stop=quit=giveup133pensatefor=makeupfor134.inpart=partly135.everyyear=yearly=annually136.useup=runoutof(主動)137.runout=giveout=beusedup(被動)138.beaccusedof=bechargedwith139.mostofthepeople=themajorityofthepeople140.caterto/forone’sneeds/demands/requirements=satisfy/meetone’s….141.starvetodeath=dieofhunger/starvation142.betiredout=bewornout=beexhausted143.sociallyresponsible=socialresponsibility144.sth.benefitssb.=bebeneficialtosb.=beofbenefitto=sb.benefitsfromsth.145mitoneselftodoingsth.=promisetodosth.146.makefulluseof=makethemostof2、信息歸納題技巧原因reason(for)/cause(of)結(jié)果result/effect/influence/consequence建議advice/suggestion(s)/tip(s)/recommendation(s)方式，方法method(s)/means/approach(es)/way(s)/measure(s)/solution(s)method(of/for),means(of),way(todo/ofdoing),how(todo)solution/approach(todoing)搭配：bythismeans/inthisway/withthismethod態(tài)度，觀點opinion/view(on/about)/viewpoint/idea/attitude(to/towards)總結(jié)，概括summary/conclusion(s)話題，主旨title/name/topic評價comment(on)/remark(on/upon)/assessment特征features/characteristics過程，步驟step(s)/procedure(s)/process趨勢trend/tendency定義definition種類type(s)/kind(s)/category(s)目的purpose(s)/aim(s)/intention與goal(s)purpose(s)(theintention,aimorfunctionofsth;thethingthatsth.issupposedtoachieve)goal(s)(somethingthatyouhopetoachieve)優(yōu)劣，異同similarities/difference(s)advantage(s)/benefits/disadvantage(s)/strengthes/weaknesses書面表達書面表達寫作技巧根本技巧：字——句——段——篇字：高級詞匯、短語連字成句：句式多樣性三大從句、非謂語動詞、倒裝、強調(diào)等◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.③Itis+被強調(diào)局部+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆名詞性從句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.◆定語從句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxin②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.◆分詞結(jié)構(gòu)①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.=4\*GB3④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.◆with結(jié)構(gòu)①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.◆倒裝句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.=4\*GB3④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!◆被動語態(tài)①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.◆巧妙的改寫〔1〕nnly改成noonebutOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.〔2〕assoonas改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.〔3〕havesb/sthdo/doneThegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).〔4〕變換插入語的位置①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(5).用同位語代替非限制性定語從句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.◆其它〔1〕注重句子的開頭①用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)開頭Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.Withthefunctionsofinserting,deleting,moving