Unit6EarthfirstLanguagepointsUsinglanguage【要義詳析】一、賓語補(bǔ)足語 某些及物動詞不僅需要賓語,而且還需要某個詞或詞組來拓展資料說明賓語,用來表示賓語代表的人或物所發(fā)出的動作或所處的狀態(tài),這個詞或短語稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。1.Hemadehissonadoctor.[]2.Shemadehimveryhappy.[]3.Iwouldlikeyoutobethereifyoucan.[]4.Iheardhimcry.[]5.Don’tleaveherwaitingoutside.[]6.Ihadmycarrepairedbytheman.[]n.adj.tododo(省to的不定式)V-ingV-edBasicsentencestructure:

主語+謂語（vt.）+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語-ingasobjectcomplement現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)Sheislisteningtothebirdssinging.

Ididn'tfindhimsleepingintheclass.

Wemadethefireburningallnightlong.

Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.

Withexamsapproaching,you’dbetterreviewyourclassnotes.動詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ),表示動作正在進(jìn)行,尚未結(jié)束。賓語與賓補(bǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表主動。-edasobjectcomplement過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)I'dliketoseetheplancarriedout.

Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch.

Wehadthemachinerepaired.

Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.Withtheworkfinished,theywenttotheseasideforaholiday.Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,herhouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.過去分詞形式作賓補(bǔ),

表明動作已完成或者表示該動作已經(jīng)完成的結(jié)果,

它與賓語之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表被動。賓補(bǔ)出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)

Sheislisteningtothebirdssinging.

她正在聽鳥兒歌唱。Ididn'tnoticehimsleepingintheclass.

我沒注意到他在課堂上睡覺。I'dliketoseetheplancarriedout.我想看到這個計劃得到實施。Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch.我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)我的家鄉(xiāng)變化如此之大。常用在表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞feel,hear,listento,watch,see,notice,observe,lookat,(一感二聽五看)spot,find,think等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。賓補(bǔ)出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)

Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.

Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.Wehadthemachinerepaired.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.常用在表示指使意義的使役動詞(常見的有have,

let,make,keep,get,leave,catch,set等)賓補(bǔ)出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)

Icouldn'tfinishmyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.

Withexamsapproaching,you’dbetterreviewyourclassnotes.Withtheworkfinished,theywentforaholiday.Withmany

flowersplantedaroundthebuilding,herhouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中(with+賓語+賓補(bǔ))【誤區(qū)警示】現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（1）根據(jù)賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系來確定

主動——現(xiàn)在分詞

被動——過去分詞（2）感官動詞hear/see/notice/feel等即可以接分詞，也可以接省to的不定式

現(xiàn)在分詞——主動、正在進(jìn)行的動作

過去分詞——被動、已完成的動作

省to不定式——動作全過程感官動詞+sb/sth+非謂語形式感官動詞：see,watch,observe,lookat,notice（五看）

hear,listento（兩聽）1.Isawher________(paint)apicturejustnow.2.Isawher________(paint)apicturewhenIpassedbyherroom.3.Isawapicture____________(paint)byherwhenIpassedbyherroom.4.Isawapicture

________(paint).doing主動，正在進(jìn)行do主動，完成done被動，完成paintingbeingpaintedpaintedpaintbeingdone被動，正在進(jìn)行makesb/sthkeep

sb/sthhave

sb/sthget/leavesb/sthletsb/sthdoingsth讓...一直做...done使...被...dosth讓...做...done使...被...dosth讓...做...done使...被...doingsth讓...一直做...todosth讓...做...done使...被...doingsth使...開始做...使役動詞+sb/sth+非謂語形式dosth讓...做...PracticeWhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim____________(repair)farmtools.

WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools_______________(repair).

Justthensheheardsomeone____________(call)forhelp.

Heworkedsohardthathegothissalary

______________(raise).

Thespeakerraisedhisvoicetomakehimself__________________(hear).

repairingrepairedcallingraisedheardPracticeWhenwegottoschool,

weobservedthedoor__________________(lock).

Theworkershadthemachines___________________(run)alldaylongtofinishtheworkontime.

Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses_____________(make)ofbamboo.

lockedrunningmade特別注意少數(shù)不及物動詞(go,