2.5磅ElectrodeHTLPerovskiteETLITOElectrodeHTLPerovskiteETLITOSpiro-oMeTADPerovskiteSnO2FTOglassAucontact0.1cm2GlassFTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuGlassFTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuFTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuGlassFTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuAuAuAuHTLPerovskiteETLFTOGlassAuGlassETLPerovskiteFTOHTLAuGlassbladeGlassSiliconPbI2+MAI/DMFsolutionSolution(PbCl2+CH3NH3I)SolutionN2ProgrammableSyringsPumpStageHeaterSubstrateSprayUltrasonicNozzle(120KHz)BladecoatermovementdirectionSolventevaporationPerovskitesolutionPerovskitefilmHeatedsubstrateVacuumpumpingVacuum-flashRepressurisingSubstrateLLZOthinfilmLi2OtargetLi7-2xMxLa3Zr2O12targetN2KnifeBladecoaterPrecursorPerovskitefilmFTO/ETLsubstrateArPerovskitePrecursorMAPbI3solutionHeatingBulksinglecrystalgrowthCH3NH3ICH3NH3PbI3TiO2PbI2/DMFPbI2CH3NH3I/IPATwo-stepcoatingSensor1Sensor2OrganicsourceInorganicsourcePbI2/DMFTiO2CH3NH3I/IPAPbI2CH3NH3PbI3FTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuh+e-FTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuFTOETLPerovskiteHTLAuEnergy(eV)PerovskiteETLHTLFTOAuPerovskiteETLHTLFTOAuEnergy(eV)Energy(eV)PerovskiteETLHTLFTOAuTiO22.39-5.32-2.932.38-5.35-2.972.35-5.39-3.042.32-5.63-3.31Spiro-OMeTAD-5.22-2.28P3HT-5.2-3.3X=00.10.20.3CsPbBr3-xIxHTMS-5.35MoO3-5.1Au-4.7FTO-4EnergyLevel（eV）VacuumLevel-4.74-4.4-5.43-3.93-4.05-5.55-5.22-2.25-4.26FTOperovskitespiroAgEnergy（eV）-4.520%2%DopingLUMO（eV）HOMO（eV）-1.30-5.13-5.10-3.80-4.26-8.93DBTTFDTCTCNB-2.18eV-5.95eV-5.7eV-2.3eV-5.1eV-3.1eV-2.9eV-6.04eVNF26Ir(piq)3TCTAC8BTBT-4.64eVAgAg-4.64eVITOBCP/Ag-5.3-5.4-6.2-6.3-3.9-4.2-4.3-3.9NiMgLiOPerovskitePCBMH3:PCBMe-e-e-h+2.05.65.253.554.72.7TPBiCsPbI3Poly-TPDITOLiF/Al6.2eVPEDOT:PSSTFB+TCTAQDsAZO+ZrAcac+++-AlITO4.72.45.05.45.86.443.793.717.474.2Energy(eV)×√√-3.0-3.5-4.0-4.5-5.5-5.0-6.0-4.2-4.2-4.3-3.9-3.3-5.4-5.2E（eV）-4.7-4.9ITOTiO2AZOSnO2MAPbI3P3HTAue-e-h+h+-------------++++++++++hvPEDOTLiF/AlF4TCNQdopedPoly-TPDTPBiZnOEdZnOPerovskiteP3HT-3.0eV-4.0eV-5.0eV-6.0eVVacuumlevel-3.2-5.2-5.4-3.9-4.3-4.8-5.1AuITOTiO2PbTiO3PerovskiteFTO-4.4-4.06-7.28-6.72-3.47-3.93-5.43-5.0CNTE’nEnEpeeehEnergy(eV)ZnOCdSCdSCdSeCBPMoOxAllTOe-h+CdSexS1-x2345678Energy(eV)HLAnodeCathodeChargingElectrolyteLi+SulfurCathodeLithiumanodeSeparatore-LithiumelectrodeAirelectrodeLi+Li2O2AproticelectrolyteO2O2e-SolidLi2O2SolidliquidLi+e-e-極耳（Tab）隔膜（separator）正極（Positive）負(fù)極（Negative）鋁塑外包裝（pouch）內(nèi)浸電解液（electrolyte）LiLoad/ChargerLi+Li+chargedischargeOrganicElectrolytedischargechargee-e-Sn2-Sn-x2-PolysulfideshuttleAlLimetalanodeSulfurConductingagentsLi2SCathodeAnodeZn-airbatteryOH-O2SeperatorElectrolyteZincplateCatalystlayerAir+