主題10人與社會·名人事跡A(2022成都)SirIsaacNewtonwasascientistwhodiscoveredthelawofgravity(重力).PeoplehavelearnedthatIsaacNewtononce1whenhewasthinkingunderanappletree.2hewaswokenupbyanapplefallingonhishead.Hejumpedup,shouting,"Gravitymadetheapplefall!"

Didtheapplereallyfallonhim?Noone3forsure.Thestoryoftheapplemayhavesome4,butpeoplewhoknewhimhavewrittenthatitneverhappened.Newtonhadactuallybeenstudyinggravityandthinkingabouthowapplesfelldownfromatreeandnot5formanyyears.

1A.fellover B.fellasleep C.fellill2A.Suddenly B.Slowly C.Usually3A.promises B.forgets C.knows4A.truth B.purpose C.requirement5A.inside B.off C.upB(2022上海)StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn'tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese1.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They2hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto3astronomy.

Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食),happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose"strange"events,shedidsome4.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat5happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon"disappears".

Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand6wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.

1A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher2A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged3A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout4A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments5A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently6A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional主題10人與社會·名人事跡A【短文大意】牛頓是怎樣發(fā)現(xiàn)萬有引力定律的?本文介紹了和其相關(guān)的信息。1.B【解析】根據(jù)下文提到的"hewaswokenup"可知,牛頓在蘋果樹下思考的時候"睡著了",故fellasleep符合文意。2.A【解析】suddenly突然;slowly緩慢地;usually通常。根據(jù)上下文可知,一個蘋果掉下來砸到了他的頭,他"突然"被驚醒了,故所缺的詞是Suddenly。3.C【解析】promise承諾;forget忘記;know知道。結(jié)合文意可知,此處是說,沒有人確切地"知道"(蘋果是否真的砸到了他),故所缺的詞是knows。4.A【解析】truth實情,真實性;purpose目的;requirement要求。結(jié)合文意可知所缺的詞是truth。5.C【解析】結(jié)合文意可知,牛頓當時思考的是蘋果是怎樣從樹上向下掉而不是"向上"掉的,故up符合文意。B【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中國清代女科學(xué)家王貞儀。1.B【解析】根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合最后一段中的"sheexplaineddifficultideas...sothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily"可知,王貞儀是一位優(yōu)秀的中國科學(xué)家。故所缺的詞是scientist。2.D【解析】根據(jù)上下文可推知,王貞儀的父親和祖父鼓勵她閱讀家庭圖書館里的書籍。故所缺的詞是encouraged。3.C【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知,后來,她決定集中精力鉆研天文學(xué)。focuson意為"集中精力于",符合文意。故選C。4.D【解析】根