課時作業(yè)(五)Unit1PartⅤWritingWorkshop,ViewingWorkshop&ReadingClubⅠ.閱讀理解AThereisnodenyingthateveryonehasfeltworriedorupsetbeforeacontestorsportsgame.Astudyin2000foundthat“highlevelsofanxietyduringcompetitionsisharmful,worseningtheperformanceandevenleadingtodroppingout”.AnexampleofthisisJohnDaly,anAmericangolfplayerwhowasonceoneofthebestofhistime.Thegreatamountofpressureplacedonhimtowinmadehimextremelyanxious.Hisanxietyreachedsuchahighlevelthathewasunabletocompleteatournamentandwalkedoffthecourseinthemiddleoftheround.Overthecourseofhiscareer,hequitfrom49professionalmatchesduetotheanxietyheexperienced.Infact,anxietycanhaveanumberofnegativeeffectsandchangestothebody,mindandbehavior.Anxietycausesyourbodytotenseupandincreasesbloodpressure.Whenthishappens,itbecomesmoredifficultforyourbodytomovefluentlyandefficiently,meaningactionsandmovementsbecomeunnatural.Theterroryouexperienceasaresultofanxietyissooverwhelmingthatitmayevenleadtobodyparalysis(癱瘓).Anexampleofthisisstagefright,whichmaybeexperiencedrightbeforeapubliccompetition.Whenfeelingoverwhelmingfear,theathletemaybeunabletomove,talkoractatall.Anxietyhasanegativeeffectonnotonlyathletes,butalsostudentsandyoungpeople,particularlywhenitcomestotestsandexams.This“testanxiety”occursin33%ofstudentsandcanaffecttheirperformanceinexamsandoverallachievements.Astimegoeson,theageatwhichchildrensufferfromanxietyisbecomingyounger.Anxietyleadstothepooracademicperformanceandlowscores.Thisisbecausetheanxietybecomessooverwhelmingthatyoulosetheabilitytothinkclearly.Ithasbeenproventhatstudentswithanxietyscoreloweronteststhanstudentswhodonotsufferfromanxiety.Anxietycanalsoaffectstudents'willingnesstoengageinclassorparticipateinclassdiscussions.Again,thiscanhaveanegativeimpactontheirperformancebecausetheyareunabletocommunicatewiththeteacherbyaskingquestions.Thisthenleadstoconfusionandfurtherworryaboutatask,resultinginadditionalanxiety.Thissameworryalsoappliestopeerlearning(同伴學習)becausethisinvolvessharingideaswithotherstudents.Astudentwithhighanxietyisunabletosharetheseideas,meaningtheyquitfromactivitiesandtheirlearningislimited.Anxietyreachessuchapointthatsomeofthestudentseitherrefusetogotoschooluntiltheyareableordropoutcompletely.Infact,49%ofanxiousadultsreporthavinglefteducationearlyand24%indicateanxietyastheprimaryreason.Afterall,howcanapersonpossiblylearnsomethingorperformwellwhentheirmindandbodyareinaconstantstateofterrorandworry?1．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ReasonsofAnxietyB．StudentsandAnxietyC．BadeffectsofAnxietyD．AnxietyandPerformance2．TheauthorusedJohnDaly'sexampletoshowthat________.A．heisaterriblegolfplayerineverywayB．evenalittlepressurecanbeabadthingC．thewillingnesstowincancauseanxietyD．toomuchanxietyisharmfulincompetitions3．Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A．Theeldersrarelysufferfromanxiety.B．Bodyparalysisisoftencausedbyanxiety.C．Studentswithanxietytendtoaskquestionsless.D．49%ofadultslefteducationmainlybecauseofanxiety.4．Accordingtothepassage,whatmayhappentoapersonifonesuffersfromanxiety?A．One'sactionsbecomesteady.B．Onetendstocryandwalkaway.C．Onegetshighergradesinexams.D．Onefeelsunabletomoveortalk.BVijayGuptaisknowntoclassicalmusicloversacrosstheUnitedStates.HeservesasthefirstviolinistfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonic.Inthatjob,heoftenplaystolargecrowds,includingmanyveryrichpeople.Whenheisnotperforming,heorganizesconcertsforhomelesspeople.“TheyhaveremindedmewhyIbecameamusician.”hesaid.Lastweek,GuptawasrecognizedforbeingafounderandtheartisticdirectorofStreetSymphony.Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.Guptaisamongthe25winnersofthe2024MacArthurFellowship,commonlyknownasthe“GeniusGrant”.Eachwinnerwillreceive$625,000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.Themoneyiscomingfromaprivategroup,theJohnD.andCatherineT.MacArthurFoundation.Itawardsgrants(補助金)topeoplewhoseworkitconsidersexceptionalandwhosework“inspireshopeinusall”.GuptasaidhegottheideaforStreetSymphonywhileteachingNathanielAyers,atrainedmusicianwhosementalillnessledtohishomelessness.The31-year-oldwinnersaidhedidnotknowyethowhewouldspendthemoney.Hehasbeenaperformersincetheageofsevenandtheawardwillgivehim“spacetobreathe,planandlookahead”．AnotherwinnerisRebeccaSandefur,anassociateprofessor(副教授)ofsociologyandlawintheUniversityofIllinois.TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheU．S.justicesystem.47-year-oldSandefurcreatedthefirstnationalmappingofcivillegalaidproviders.Itshowswhichstateshadthefinancial(金融的)resourcestoprovidesuchaidandwhichdidnot.Shealsofoundthatthecostoflegalserviceswasonlyoneofthethingspreventingpoorpeoplefromgettinglawyers.Amongtheotherswerefearsofunfairness(不公允)inthelegalsystem.Sandefurnotedthatalotofattentionhadbeenpaidtoproblemswiththecriminaljusticesystem,butmoreattentionmustbepaidtothecivilsideofthelaw,whichalsoaffectedmillionsofpeople.5．WhydoesGuptawintheaward?A．Forhisachievementsinclassicalmusic.B．Forperformingforlargecrowds.C．Fororganizingagroupplayingforthehomeless.D．ForthecompanionshipwithNathanielAyers.6．WhatdoweknowaboutMacArthurFellowship?A．Itisfoundedbythegovernment.B．Itoffers$625,000to25winnersin2024.C．Itallowsthewinnerstousethemoneyfreely.D．Itawardspeoplewhomakegreatcontributionstosociety.7．WhatwastheextraordinarythingthatSandefurdid?A．Shemadeiteasiertogetlegalhelpforthepoor.B．Shemadethelegalsystemfairer.C．Shepaidmoreattentiontothecriminaljusticesystem.D．Sheofferedlegalaidtothepoorfreely.8．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GrantsWinners,InspiringthePoor.B．TheCityHomeless,inNeedofHelp.C．VijayGupta,anExtraordinaryViolinist.D．MacArthurFoundation,AwardingExceptionalWork.Ⅱ.七選五Researchsuggeststhatatleast64%ofpeoplenowspenduptofourhoursdailyofsparetimeinfrontofascreen.JustasTVwatchinghasbeenlinkedtohigherchancesofbeingfatandgettingdiseases,thisextrasedentary(久坐不動的)timeisbadnewsforourhealth.__1__.1．ChooseoutdooractivitiesovertechnologyWhenyou'reathome,makeitarulethatyoucan'tbeonlineifthesunisshining.__2__.Then,aftertakingthesehealthyphysicalactivities,youcantakeoutyourphoneorlaptop,ortakeaseatatthecomputer.Thisruleshouldbefitforeveryoneinyourfamily.2．LimitsocialmediauseAccordingtosomeexperts,theeffectoftechnologyonhumanrelationshipsisworryingastechnologyhasbecomeasubstituteforface-to-facehumanrelationships.Andsocialnetworkshavechangedcomputerandmobileuseforpeopleofallages.__3__.Avoidaimlessbrowsing(閱讀)andgiveyourtimeonlineapurpose:researchholidaysorcatchuponthenewsoftheday.Thenlogoff.3．__4__.Challengeyourselftoreadatleast30pagesofagreatbookbeforeyoucheckyourcomputerormobilephone.Picktherightreadingmaterialandyou'llsoonfindyou'vediscoveredanenjoyablepastime.4．CreateprojectsforyourselfIt'samazinghowmuchyoucanachievewhenyou'renotgluedto(聚精會神地看)ascreen.__5__.Somesuggestionsareorganizingkitchencupboardsandcleaningyourbedroom.Thentrytodooneeachevening.A．SetasidereadingtimeB．ChoosethesuitablereadingmaterialsC．Makealistofone-houreveningprojectsD．HerearesomewaystostoptechnologyaddictionE．Whetherit'sFacebookorTwitter,limitthetimeonlineF．ThefollowingaresomewaystomakebetteruseofleisuretimeG．Instead,youhavetogoforawalk,rideabike,orswimatleastanhour課時作業(yè)(五)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本篇文章主要介紹了焦慮對身體、思想及行為會產(chǎn)生負面的影響。作者認為焦慮不僅對運動員有負面影響，而且對學生和年輕人也產(chǎn)生負面影響，尤其是對學生的學業(yè)成果及課堂參加度產(chǎn)生負面影響并分析了緣由。1．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。C項為干擾項，以偏概全。文章第3、4、5、6段主要講解焦慮對學生的影響及緣由分析。故選B項。2．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。第一段是為導入語篇主題做鋪墊。作者借用JohnDaly的例子說明過多的焦慮對運動員競賽有著負面影響，以便引出下文。3．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第五段中Again,thiscanhaveanegativeimpactontheirperformancebecausetheyareunabletocommunicatewiththeteacherbyaskingquestions.得知，C項正確。4．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。從其次段中Whenthishappens,itbecomesmorediffcultforyourbodytomovefluentlyandefficiently,meaningactionsandmovementsbecomeunnatural.得知A項錯誤；從第四段Ithasbeenproventhatstudentswithanxietyscoreloweronteststhanstudentswhodonotsufferfromanxiety.得知C項錯誤。B項沒有提及。故選D項。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講解并描述了美國兩位麥克阿瑟獎的獲獎者Gupta和Sandefur分別通過為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭取法律救濟來激勵窮人的故事。5．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.可知，Gupta獲得該獎是因為他組織的街道交響樂團為流浪者演奏音樂，故C項正確。6．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Eachwinnerwillreceive$625,000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.可知，每位獲獎者將在五年內(nèi)獲得625,000美元的資金，供其自由支配，故C項正確。7．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheU．S.justicesystem.可知，美聯(lián)社稱，Sandefur的探討為貧困社區(qū)參加美國司法系統(tǒng)供應了新途徑，由此可知，Sandefur使窮人獲得法律救濟變得更簡單，故A項正確。8．答案與解析：A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述了美國兩位麥克阿瑟獎的獲獎者Gupta和Sandefur分別通過為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭取法律救濟來激勵窮人的故