UnitSixWomen,HalftheSky1/92Women,Halfthesky!2/92TableofContentsBackgroundinformation

Questions&Answers

Vocabulary3/92I.BackgroundInformation(ThreeConcepts)4/921.ThefirstwomanintheworldAdamandEve(德）丟勒畫于1507年

5/92AdamwaswalkingaroundtheGardenofEdenfeelingverylonely,soGodaskedAdam,"Whatiswrongwithyou?”Adamsaid,"Idon'tHaveanyonetotalkto.“Godsaid,"Iwillgiveyouacompanionanditwillbeawoman."Hesaid,"Thispersonwillcookforyouandwashyourclothes,shewillalwaysagreewitheverydecisionyoumake,shewillbearyourchildrenandneveraskyoutogetupinthemiddleofthenighttotakecareofthem.6/92

"Shewillnotnag,"Godcontinued,"andwillalwaysbethefirsttoadmitshewaswrong.Whenyou'vehadadisagreement,shewillneverhaveaheadacheandwillfreelygiveyouloveandpassionwheneverneeded.“

AdamaskedGod,"Whatwillawomanlikethiscost?"

Godsaid,"Anarmandaleg!"

Adamsaid,"WhatcanIgetforjustarib?"7/922.Women’sliberationmovementHaveyouheardofthewomen’sliberationmove-ment?Itbeganinthe1960’s.Itwasstartedbywomenwhowereconcernedabouttheiridentity,theirroleinsociety,andtheirwork,andabouttheviewofwomenthatmanypeopleheld.8/92Animportantissueofthewomen’sLiberationmovementisthequestionofwomen’srole.Shouldawomanworkoutsidethehome?Shouldsheworkifsheismarriedandhaschildren?Orshouldshestayhometotakecareofherhusbandandchildren?Whatwilltherestofsocietythinkofherifsheentersaprofessionorhasacareer?WhatwillotherPeoplethinkifshewantstostayhomeandraiseafamily?9/92Ifawomandecidestotakeajoboutsidethehome,therearemanyimportantquestionswhichareraised.Canshegetanyjobsheiscapableofandqualifiedfor?Oraresomejobsclosedtoherbecausesheisawoman?Ifshegetsajobandsomeofherfellowworkersaremendoingthesamework,willshebepaidasmuchastheyare?10/92Thewomen’sliberationmovementistryingtoGivewomenachancetoshowwhattheycando.PerhapsawomanwillfindthecureforourmostSeriousdisease.Perhapsawomanwillsolvetheenergycrisis.Perhapswomenandmen,workingtogether,willBeabletoaccomplishimportantthingsbetterandsoonerthanmenwouldifmenwereworkingalone.11/923.FeminismThebeliefthatwomenandmenareequalinabilitiesandshouldhaveequalrightsandopportunities.Inthe1960’sfeminismbecamethesubjectofintensedebatewhenthewomen’sliberationmovementencouragedwomentorejecttheirtraditionalsupportingroleandtodemandequalstatusandequalrightswithmeninareassuchasemploymentandpay.12/92Sincethenthegendergapbetweenthesexeshasbeenreduced.Howeverthebattlebetweenfeministandtraditionalviewsofawomen’srolecontinues.Itiswidelyacceptedbyyoungerpeoplethatwomenshouldbeallowedto,iftheywish,developtheircareerswhentheyhaveafamily.Ms.---Mr.chairperson,businesswoman,spokeswoman,anchorwoman13/92PartThree:FurtherDevelopment>>AvoidingSexistLanguageAvoidingSexistLanguageDirections:Sexistlanguageassignsrolesorcharacteristicstopeopleonthebasisofgender.Oneofthemostwidespreadoccurrencesofsexistlanguageistheuseofthepronounhetorefertosomeoneofunidentifiedsex.Workingroupsandsuggestwaysofavoidingsexistlanguage.

SexistLanguageNonsexistLanguagepolicemanpoliceofficerbusinessmanbusinesspersonfiremanfirefighterchairmanchairperson,chair,headworkmanworker,laborersalesmansalesperson,salesclerkSexistLanguageNonsexistLanguagepolicemanpoliceofficerbusinessmanfiremanchairmanworkmansalesman14/92PartThree:FurtherDevelopment>>AvoidingSexistLanguageSample:Adoctorhaslittletimetoreadoutsidehisspeciality.

SexistLanguageAdoctorhaslittletimetoreadoutsidehisorherspeciality.Or:Doctorshavelittletimetoreadoutsidetheirsepcialities.NonsexistLanguage1)Agoodsurgeonexplainsprocedurestohispatients.Agoodsurgeonexplainsprocedurestohisorherpatients.Or:Goodsurgeonsexplainprocedurestotheirpatients.15/92PartThree:FurtherDevelopment>>AvoidingSexistLanguage2)Ajournalisthastorespecthisdeadline.SexistLanguageJournalistshavetorespecthisorherdeadlines.Or:Ajournalisthastorespecttheirdeadline.NonsexistLanguage3)Anyonewhoknowstheanswershouldraisehishand.Anyonewhoknowstheanswershouldraisehisorherhand.Or:Anyonewhoknowstheanswershouldraisetheirhand.16/92PartThree:FurtherDevelopment>>AvoidingSexistLanguage4)Everyoneshouldadmithismistakes.SexistLanguageEveryoneshouldadmithisorhermistakes.Or:Anyoneshouldadmittheirmistakes.NonsexistLanguage5)Noneofthestudentshadthebookshedeeded.Noneofthestudentshadthebooksheorsheneeded.17/92PartThree:FurtherDevelopment>>AvoidingSexistLanguage6)Everyonehopesthathewillwinthescholarship(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金).Everyonehopesthatheorshewillwinthescholarship.Or:Everyonehopestowinthescholarship.Or:Everyonehopesthattheywillwinthescholarship.SexistLanguageNonsexistLanguage18/92Successfulwomenguesswhotheyareaccordingthediscription19/92Doyouknowwhoisshe?SheisaninternationallyacclaimedChineseactress，whowasmakinggreateffortstoachieveherheart'sdesires.Herfirstfilm《RedSorghum》（《紅高粱》）wasdirectedbyZhangYimou.Shewassophisticatedenoughtoportrayvariouscharacterswhenshewasveryyoung.achieve/haveone’sheart‘sdesire：得到心中渴望東西。sophisticated：世故；老練；復(fù)雜；尖端

Key:GongLi20/92Doyouknowwhosheis?Thewomanpossessedtalentofwriting.《LoveinaFallenCity》（《傾城之戀》）isoneofhernovels.HerpaternalgrandfatherZhangPeilunwasason-in-lawtoLiHongzhang.Shehadexperiencedlifeofrankandfashionin1940sShanghaiandHongKongbeforesheputpentopaper.possesse：擁有novel:小說putpencil/pentopaper：開始動(dòng)筆寫

Key:ZhangAiling21/92Doyouknowwhosheis?ShewasacharmingBritishprincesswhohavewonthegenuineaffectionofthepeopleofUK.Shenearlyracetheclockeverydayforcharitywork.FamilywaspositivelyimportanttothePrincess,whohadtwosons:PrinceWilliamandPrinceHenry.charm：吸引，迷人positively：極其，非常prince：王子，親王racetheclock：爭(zhēng)分奪秒地工作Key:Diana,princessofWales.22/92Doyouknowwhosheis?ThissuperwomanistheonlyfemaleemperorofancientChina.Sheisaperfectpolitician

bynature.AndherachievementabouteconomyandmilitaryaffairshadstronglyinfluencedTangdynasty.superwoman:含有非凡才能女性，女強(qiáng)人politician：政治家，政客bynature：生性military：軍事，軍隊(duì)Key:HernameisWuZetian！23/92GenderDifferences24/92OralDiscussion1.Doyouthinkwomenandmenshouldenjoyequalrightsandopportunities?

Hints:developmentofthesociety;socialstatus;awareness;halfthesky;talented2.Canyounamesomesuccessfulwomentobackupthestatementthatwomenarenotsecond-classcitizens?Whataretheircharacteristics?Hints:self-independent;self-confident;diligent;knowledgeable25/92II.Questions&Answers26/921.WhowasKateL?Oneofthetheauthor’sformerclassmates.27/922.Whatwasherjob?

Shetaughtpart-timeattheUniversityofOklahomaandworkedasassistantprincipleatCountyHighSchool.28/923.Whatwasheraccomplishment?Shewasfinishingherdoctoraldissertation&finaldraftsoftwobooks.29/924.Didshehaveanytimeforhobby?Yes,shehadtimefortennis&horseriding.30/925.WasthestoryaboutKate trueorimaginary?It’shardtosay.31/926.Wasthestoryaboutawomanexecutiveofanationalcorporationbelievable?Yes,probablyitwasatruestory.32/927.Doyoubelievethatwomencan’thaveeverythingatonetime?Yes,Ibelieveso.No,Idon’tbelieveso.33/928.Haveyoueverheardaboutanyrealstoryofasuperwomanwhosucceedsincareerandfamily?If“Yes”,whatisit?Yes.No.34/92III.Vocabulary35/92Bulletinn.Ashortprintednewspaperorleaflet,esp.oneproducedregularlybyagroupororganizationThecompanypublishesanannualstaffbulletin.Ireadinthechurchbulletinthatourfriend’sbabywouldbebaptized.36/92Collocation:Annualbulletin年度公報(bào)Governmentbulletin政府公報(bào)Informationbulletin情報(bào)公報(bào)Newsbulletin新聞公報(bào)Statisticalbulletin統(tǒng)計(jì)公報(bào)Bulletinboard布告牌37/92

2.itemn.

1)

asinglepieceofnewsThereisafascinatingnewsitemintoday’sChinaDaily.2)asinglearticleorunitonalistor amongasetThereareatleast50itemsonhisChristmasshoppinglist.38/923.draftn.

aroughoutlineorversionMyM.A.studentemailedthefirstdraftofhisthesistomeyesterday.v.draftaplan

39/924.undov.1)(fml.)disturborupsetgreatlyThesightoftheanimal’ssufferingundidme.2)untie,open

Wouldyoupleaseundothisknotforme?40/923)removetheeffectof

Intenminutesheundidmywholeday’swork.What’sdonecannotbeundone.

覆水難收。4)ruinthepositionandesp.thegoodnameof(aperson)I’mundone!Mysecrethasbeendiscovered.41/925.hit/strikehome

(ofremarks,etc.)havetheintendedeffectHiscriticismhithome.Iwasreallyselfish.42/92Collocation:Hitat試圖打中Hiton/upon偶然發(fā)覺；突然想起Hitthenailonthehead說得中肯；擊中要害Hittheroof/ceiling勃然大怒43/927.incrediblea.Thatcan’tbebelievedItseemedincrediblethatpeoplewouldstillwanttoplaysoccerduringawar.Theboyrunsatanincrediblespeed—evenfasterthanmanyadults.44/92(Syn.)unbelievable(Ant.)credibleCredibilityn.Credulousadj.輕信Incredulousa.

45/928.skepticala.(scepticalBrE)

doubtingthatsomethingistrue,right,etc.(inthehabitof)Hepresentedhisthesisattheconference,butsomeprofessorswereskepticalabouthisfindings.Somescientiststhinkaverageglobaltemperatureshaverisenduetothegreenhouseeffect.Othersareskepticalofglobalwarming.

Beskepticalof/about…46/929.consumev.1)eatordrink

(alargequantityof)Thechildrenconsumedlotsofchocolateice-creamattheirbirthdayparty.2)useup

Someofthemostefficientrefrigeratorsconsumes70percentlesselectricitythantraditionalmodels.Consumern.消費(fèi)者Consumptionn.消費(fèi)47/9210.care

for

1)takecareof

Theoldmanhadastrokeamonthago.Hissonhiredanursetocareforhim.

2)likeorlove(usedinnegativeorinterrogativesentences)Idon’tcaremuchforcountrymusic.Idon’tthinkhecaresforhiswifeatallanymorebecauseofherdisloyalty.48/9211.corporationn.AlargebusinessorcompanySeveralmulti-nationalcorporationsarelocatedinthenewdistrictofPudong.49/9212.rarelya.nothappeningoftenItisstrangethatthecouplewererarelyseentogether.當(dāng)Rarely位于句首時(shí)，應(yīng)使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)RarelyhaveIseenastudentwhoissoabsorbedinhistory.50/9213.decorate(with)add(something)inordertomakeathingmoreattractivetolookatTheboydecoratedhisroomwithpicturesofhisfavoritesportsfigures.TheyaregoingtodecoratetheclassroomforChristmas.Interiordecorator51/9214.client

apersonwhobuysgoodsorserviceThecompanyrequiresalltheclientstopayfeesinadvance.52/9215.lapn.1)

theflatareaformedby yourthighswhenyouaresittingdownAlap-topcomputer,desk-top…Sittingonhermother’slap,thelittlegirlwasveryquiet.

2)apartofalongjourney,betweentwo pointswhereyoustop

ThefirstlapofourtripisfromNewYorkCitytoBoston.53/92lapVt.

1)

(esp.ofanimals)drinksomethingbyputtingitstongueintoitAdogisnoisilylappingwater.2）(ofwater)movewithasound likethelappingofliquidThewaveislappingonthebeach.54/9216.reproachv.

Criticize(somebody)forfailingtodosomething

Reproachsomebodyforsomething

Shelovedherboyfriendsomuchthatshedidn’treproachhimforbreakinghispromise.

55/92Reproach,scold,blame,complainReproach,(notbeingsuccessful)beyond…Scold(behavior)

Blame(didsomethingwrongorisresponsibleforsomethingbad)betoblameComplainabout(somethingiswrongornotsatisfactory)56/9217.theory

Aformalideaorsetofideasthatisintendedtoexplainsomething

Darwin’stheoryofevolution達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論Thetheoryofrelativity相對(duì)論Generaltheoryofrelativity廣義相對(duì)論Continentaldrifttheory大陸漂移說Genetheory基因?qū)W說Theoryofprobability概率論Einsteinformulatedthetheoryofrelativityin1905.57/92Intheory:

underidealconditions; theoreticallyIntheoryeveryonehasequalrights.Aschooldentalserviceexistsintheory,butinpractice,therearefewdentiststoprovideservice.58/9218.harmony

1)pleasantcombinationofdifferentnotesofmusicplayedatthesametimeThekidsaresinginginperfectharmony.2)astateorconditionofagreement, cooperation,orpeacefulnessSincetheymovedtothiscommunitytheyhavelivedinharmonywiththeirneighbors.

59/92CollocationBeinharmonywith與……協(xié)調(diào)一致Beoutofharmonywith與……不協(xié)調(diào)Liveinharmony

和睦相處60/9219.bynature

Asaresultofinbornorinherentqualities;innately

Adogisloyaltoitsmasterbynature.Heisbynaturearathermildperson.bymistakeHetookmyumbrellabymistake.byheart

Learnapoembyheart.61/9220.getone’sacttogether(infml)organizeoneselfandone’sactivitiessothatonedoesthingsinaneffectivewayComeon,youtwo,getyouracttogetherorwe’llmissthebus.62/9221.military

RelatingtothearmedforcesofacountryThepresidenthasnotruledoutthepossibilityofmilitaryaction.63/9222.putpenciltopaperStarttowriteTheinstantheputpenciltopaper,hisfour-year-oldsonwouldsitbesidehimquietly.

64/9223.remainder

Theremainingtime,peopleorthingsThreepotatoeseachwillbeenough;theremainderwecanuseforasalad.65/9224.atintervals

Somethingthathappensatintervalshappensoccasionally;somethingthatexistsatintervalsexistshereandthereTreeshavebeenplantedatintervalsalongtheriver.66/92CollocationAtintervalsof相隔，每隔Atlongintervals偶然，間或Atregularintervals每隔一定時(shí)間； 每隔一定距離Atshortintervals經(jīng)常67/9225.setaside

1)Put(timeormoney)awayforaspecialpurposeMyhusbandsetasidehalfanhoureverymorningtodosports.

2)DisregardHetriedtosetasidehispersonalfeelingstodealwiththismatter,buthefailed.68/9226.racetheclock

DosomethingquicklyinordertofinishitintheavailabletimeThesemesteriscomingtoanend.Wehavetoracetheclockeverydaytoprepareforourfinalexams.69/9227.possess

(fml)haveorown

Thenumberofnationsthatpossessnuclearweaponsisontherise.Possessionn.Possessiveadj.

70/92CollocationBepossessedby/with被（鬼怪、思想） 纏住，迷住Bepossessedofalargefortune擁有，含有， 享受Possesssb.ofsth.使某人擁有某物71/92Cf.possess,have,hold&own這些詞都可用作動(dòng)詞，都能夠表示“有”意思。Possess比較正式，指是占有并能夠支配、控制，也可指含有某種品質(zhì)、性能、特點(diǎn)等。Have最普通，詞義廣泛，指所屬關(guān)系或部分與整體關(guān)系。Hold只擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)或持有看法等。Own不如possess正式，指所屬關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)全部權(quán)，不論所屬物是否在物主手中。ownership72/9228.bideone’stime

WaitpatientlyforachanceShebidedhertime,planningrevenge.73/9229.charm

v.

Attract;givepleasureto

Iwascharmedbyherslimfigureandsoftvoice.n.pleasingquality;attractiveness

SnowWhiteandSevenDwarves”hasneverlostitsoriginalcharm.

Charmingadj.74/9230.takein(usu.Passive)cheat

Shewassosmartthatshecouldn’tbetakeninbyhercolleagues.75/92

takein

1)

cheatordeceive(usu.Passive)2)

grantadmittanceto;receiveasaguestoranemployee3)

reduceinsize;makesmallerorshorter4)

include5)

understandThetailortookinthewaistonthepairofpants.Hehasnowheretolive,sowetookhimin.Thekidcouldn’ttakeinthemeaningoftheword.Youcanalsotakeinsomeofthenotablearchitecturalmonuments.Hewastakeninbyaconfidenceartist.3254176/92Collocation:

Takeafter(外貌、性格)與（父、母）相像Takeback收回（說錯(cuò)話）Takefor把……看成Takeoff脫掉（衣服）；模仿（他人神態(tài)）；(飛機(jī))起飛Takeover接任；接管Taketo開始喜歡；養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣77/9232.despite

Inspiteof

Despitetheirpoverty,thechildrenseemedhappy.Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despitethebadweather.78/92Havesomething/much/little/nothingtodowith

Havesome/much/little/noconnectionwith

Iamnotsurewhatherjobis,butithassomethingtodowithmarketing.Hisdecisiontomoveoverseashasalottodowithhisfinancialproblem.

79/92achieveone’sheart’sdesire(s)Getsomebody/somethingonewantsverymuchHewasmakinggreateffortstoachievehisheart’sdesires.

80/92Collocation:

Atsb.’sdesire應(yīng)某人要求Bydesire應(yīng)邀One’sheart’sdesire心愿，渴望得到東西Leavenothingtobedesired完美無缺Haveastrongdesiretodosth.迫切想做某事81/92Cf.desire,wish&want

都有“希望