PAGEPAGE27河南省2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期階段性測試試題（一）（含解析）考生留意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whendidthespeakerslastseeeachother?A.Oneyearago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Fifteenyearsago.2.Whatdoesthemanwishforthefuture?A.Allhisdreamswillcometrue.B.Sciencewilldevelopmuchfaster.CHe’llbeabletodohisjobfromhome.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Bringthemanasalad.B.Takeawaytheman'ssoda.C.Givethemansomecheese.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Cousins.C.Brotherandsister.5.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Prepareforlanding.B.Takehisheadphonesout.C.Puthischairbackin15minutes.其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemanliketodo?A.Hike.B.Swim.C.Takephotos.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestintheend?A.Lifecouldbefunwithoutsocialmedia.B.Familyactivitiesareveryimportant.C.Themanshouldgomorecamping.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whywasthemanworried?A.Helosthiswallet.B.Hismotherhadbeenill.C.Apolicemanwasinfrontoftheshoppingmall.9Whatwillthemanhavetodointheend?A.Repairhiscar.B.Paythefine.C.Gotothehospital.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoestheboywanttoeat?A.Peanutbutter.B.Yogurt.C.Cookies.11.Whatdoestheboyimplyaboutcarrotcake?A.It’slowinsugar.B.Itcontainssomehealthyingredients.C.It’snotasdeliciousasothertypesofcake.12.Howdoestheboyprobablyfeelintheend?A.Surprised.B.Jealous.C.Angry.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatjobisthemaninterviewingfor?A.Ajobatschool.B.Ajobataradiostation.C.AjobataTVstation.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofsendingemails?A.Heisrathergoodatit.B.Hehasnoconfidenceinit.C.Hehasdonethathiswholelife.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic.B.Meetingthefans.C.Gettingupearlyinthemorning.16.Whoisoneoftheman’sreferences?A.Someonelieusedtoteach.B.Someoneheusedtoworkwith.C.Someoneliewenttograduateschoolwith.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whenarelaundryplacesusuallyclosed?A.At10:00a.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At10:00p.m.18.Howmanywashersmightalargerlaundryplacelave?A.12.B.24.C.48.19.Whatdopeopleoftendowhilewaitinginthelaundryplace?A.Eatsomefood.B.Chatwiththeemployee.C.Puttheirclothesoutinthesun.20.Whometherhusbandalalaundryplace?A.Thespeaker.B.Thespeaker'sfriend.C.Thespeaker'ssister.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFromhelpingrescuedanimalsfindpermanenthomestoprovidingcareforchimpanzees(黑猩猩)thathavefoundshelter,there’salwaysavolunteeringsiteforeveryanimallover.Herearesomeamazingopportunities.SeattleHumaneSocietySeattleHumaneSocietyhasbeenhelpinganimalssince1897.In2013,itadoptedoutarecordof6,297pets.Itprovidesawiderangeofprograms,includingdogtraining,apetfoodbankandvolunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.Asix-monthcommitmentisrequired,andallvolunteersmustbeatleast18yearsold.ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestwasfoundedin2003asashelterforchimpanzees.ItliesinthefoothillsoftheCascadeMountains,90mileseastofSeattle.Volunteershaveauniqueopportunitytoseewhatittakestorunashelter.Ithasthreelevelsofvolunteers;LevelIvolunteershelpwithmealpreparation;LevelIIvolunteershelpthestaffcleantheshelter;levelIIIvolunteersaretrainedtointeractdirectlywiththechimpanzees.HopeForHorsesHopeForHorseshasanall-volunteerteamthathashelpedhundredsofseverelyabusedhorsessince2001.It'salsorescuedavarietyofotheranimalsovertheyears,includingdonkeys,chickens,geeseandagoat.Volunteersprovidehands-oncareforhorsesandotheranimals,includingmedicalresearch,sitevisitsandassistancewithadoption.Allvolunteersmustbe18yearsold.PurrfectPalsPurrfectPals,whichwasfoundedin1988,isthePacificNorthwest'slargestcat-onlyadoptionshelterandorganization.Andit'soneofthelargestcat-onlysheltersinNorthAmericauswell.Itfindshomeforover2,000catseachyear.Itasksforafive-monthcommitmentandvolunteersmusthe18orolder.1.What’sthetextintendedtointroduce?A.Benefitsofbeinganimallovers.B.Permanenthomesforrescuedanimals.C.Volunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.D.Commitmentsofvolunteersatanimalshelters.2.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.SeattleHumaneSociety. B.ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest.C.HopeForHorses. D.PurrfectPals.3.InwhatwayisChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestdifferentfromtheotherthree?A.ItlieswithinthecityofSeattle. B.Itsetsnoagelimitforvolunteers.C.Itiscompletelyrunbyvolunteers. D.Itisashelterforonlyonekindofanimals.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。為酷愛動物的人介紹了幾個動物收容站，為他們供應(yīng)志愿服務(wù)的機會。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文尤其是依據(jù)文章第一段段中的“there’salwaysavolunteeringsiteforeveryanimallover.Herearesomeamazingopportunities.(總有為動物愛好者供應(yīng)志愿服務(wù)的站點，這里有一些驚人的機會。)”可知，本文給酷愛動物的人介紹了幾個動物收容站，為他們供應(yīng)志愿服務(wù)的機會。C選項“Volunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.(為動物愛好者供應(yīng)志愿服務(wù)機會。)”符合題意，故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“SeattleHumaneSocietyhasbeenhelpinganimalssince1897.(自1897年以來，西雅圖人道協(xié)會始終在幫助動物。）”，以及第三段中的“ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestwasfoundedin2003asashelterforchimpanzees.(西北黑猩猩庇護所成立于2003年，是黑猩猩的庇護所。)”；以及第四段“HopeForHorseshasanall-volunteerteamthathashelpedhundredsofseverelyabusedhorsessince2001.(“希望之馬”有一個全是志愿者團隊，自2001年以來幫助了數(shù)百匹受到嚴(yán)峻虐待的馬)”；和第五段“PurrfectPals,whichwasfoundedin1988,isthePacificNorthwest'slargestcat-onlyadoptionshelterandorganization.(成立于1988年的PurrfectPals是太平洋西北部最大的只收養(yǎng)貓的收容所和組織。)”可知，四個動物救援站的成立時間分別是：1897年、2003年、2001年和1988年,歷史最悠久的是SeattleHumaneSociety。A選項“SeattleHumaneSociety.(西雅圖人道協(xié)會)”符合題意，故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段“allvolunteersmustheatleast18yearsold.(全部志愿者必需年滿18歲。)”和第五段“Allvolunteersmustbe18yearsold.(全部志愿者必需年滿18歲。)”和第六段“andvolunteersmusthe18orolder.（志愿者必需年滿18歲。）”可知，SeattleHumaneSociety，PurrfectPals，PurrfectPals這三個救援站都對志愿者有年齡限制，只有ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest沒有對志愿者的年齡設(shè)限，因此，ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest與其他救助站不同的它沒有年齡限制。B項“Itsetsnoagelimitforvolunteers.(它對志愿者的年齡沒有設(shè)限)”符合題意，故選B項。BEmilyEganwasbornandraisedinEssex,UnitedKingdomandspeaksnoforeignlanguage,buthearingherspeak,youcouldswearshe'saRussianimmigrant(移民)oratourist,becauseofherEasternEuropeanaccent.ButthefunnythingisthatshesometimessoundsFrench,ItalianorevenPolish,dependingonhowtiredsheis.31-year-oldEmily'slifechangedgreatlyinJanuary,whenamysteriousconditionleftherunabletospeakfortwomonths.She’dhadheadachesfortwoweeksbeforeonedaydevelopingadeepervoicesuddenly.Hercolleaguesatachildren'shomethennoticedherspeechhadbecomeslowandunclear,bothsignsofastroke(中風(fēng)).Bythetimeshewasrushedtothehospital,Emilyhadlostherabilitytospeakcompletely,butafterrunningsometests,doctorsruledoutthestroke,insteadblaminghervoicelossonsomesortofinjurytoherbrain.Afterspendingthreeweeksinthehospital,EmilyEganwasstillunabletospeakandreliedonlyonbasicsignlanguageshe’dpickedupatworkandatext-to-speechapponherphonetocommunicate.AdoctorencouragedhertogoonavacationinThailandsheandherhusbandhadalreadybooked,andtotryandrelaxasmuchaspossible.Shedidjustthatandafewdaysintothevacation,shestartedtospeakagain."IwassothrilledwhenmyvoicestartedcomingbackbutnowIdon’tevendiscernthevoicethatcomesoutofmymouth.Itdoesn'tsoundlikeme,"Egansaid.Eversincehervoicecameback,she'stakentimeoffworkbecausestressonlymakesherconditionworse.WhathashappenedtoEmilysoundsshockinglysimilartothatofMichelleMyers,anArizonawomanwhonevertraveledoutsideofAmerica,butwokeuptospeakingwithmanyaccents-British,IrishandAustralian-afterexperiencingsevereheadaches.4.WhyisEmilyEganconsideredaRussianimmigrant?A.SheresemblesaRussianverymuch.BShespeaksRussianlikeanativespeaker.C.ShespeaksEnglishwithaRussianaccent.D.ShecanfreelyswitchbetweenEnglishandRussian.5.WhatresultedinEmily’sinabilitytospeak?A.Braininjury. B.Asuddenstroke.C.Long-termtiredness. D.Seriousheadaches.6.Theunderlinedword"discern"inparagraph4mostprobablymeans"".A.control B.ignore C.transform D.recognize7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutEmilyfromthetext?A.Shehasalreadyreturnedtowork.B.Hercaseisn'taloneintheworld.C.Shelearnedsignlanguageafterhervoiceloss.D.Hervoicereturnedafterthreeweeks'treatment.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。一名土生土長的英國女子突然失語，在醫(yī)院治療了幾周后都沒有任何效果，后來在醫(yī)生的建議下，她和丈夫一起去泰國旅行。旅行途中，她的嗓音復(fù)原了，不過說話卻帶有濃重的東歐腔調(diào)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“…h(huán)earingherspeak,youcouldswearshe’saRussianimmigrant（移民）ortourist,becauseofherEasternEuropeanaccent.”可知，土生土長的英國女子艾米莉被人們認(rèn)為是俄羅斯移民或游客是因為她說話帶有濃重的東歐腔調(diào)。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的“blaminghervoicelossonsomesortofinjurytoherbrain”可知，艾米莉失語是因為腦部受損。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。劃線詞所在句子“IwassothrilledwhenmyvoicestartedcomingbackbutnowIdon’tevendiscernthevoicethatcomesoutofmymouth.Itdoesn'tsoundlikeme,"Egansaid.Eversincehervoicecameback,she'stakentimeoffworkbecausestressonlymakesherconditionworse.”句意為“當(dāng)我的聲音復(fù)原時，我特別激烈，但現(xiàn)在我甚至不能________從我嘴里出來的聲音。它聽起來不像我的聲音。”由此可以揣測，劃線詞最有可能意為“辨別；識別”。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“WhathashappenedtoEmilysoundsshockinglysimilartothatofMichelleMyers,anArizonawomanwhonevertraveledoutsideofAmerica,butwokeuptospeakingwithmanyaccents-British,IrishandAustralian-afterexperiencingsevereheadaches.”可知，發(fā)生在艾米莉身上的事情聽起來和米歇爾·邁爾斯的經(jīng)驗驚人的相像，米歇爾·邁爾斯是一位亞利桑那州的女士，她從未離開過美國，但是在經(jīng)驗了嚴(yán)峻的頭痛之后，她發(fā)覺自己說話帶有多種腔調(diào)——英國腔調(diào)、愛爾蘭腔調(diào)和澳大利亞腔調(diào)。由此可以推斷，艾米莉的狀況并非個案。故選B。CArelativeofstarfishdoesn’thaveeyes,butcansillsee.ThatinformationcomesfromscientistswhostudiedseacreaturesinthecoralreefsoftheCaribbeanandGulfofMexico.Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish’srelative-calledtheredbrittlestarisonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.Thisabilityiscallextraocularvision(眼外視覺).Theothercreaturesaidtohaveextraocularvisionisakindofseaurchin.Brittlestars,withfivearmsextendingfromacentraldisk,arepartofagroupofsealifecalledechinoderms.Theyhaveanervoussystembutnobrain.Theredbrittlestarmeasuresuptoabout35centimeterswide,fromtheendofonearmtotheother.Itlivesinbrightandcomplexenvironments.Becauseofthepossibilityofbeingeatenbyfish,thecreaturehidesduringdaylighthours.Theredbrittlesstarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight-sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbodyandchromatophores,thecellsresponsibleforcoloring.Duringthedaytime,thechromatophoresnarrowthefieldoflightbeingdetected,makingeachphotoreceptorslikethepixel(像素)ofacomputerimage.Whencombinedwithotherpixels,theimagebecomescomplete.Thevisualsystemdoesn’tworkatnight.Laboratoryexperimentssuggestedthatthebrittlestarshaveverysimplevision.Placedinacircularenvironment,forexample,theymovedtowardwallsthatwerewhitewithablackbar,suggestiveofaldaytimehidingplace.LaurenSumner-RooneyisaresearchfellowattheOxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory.Sheledthestudy.Shesaid,"It’ssuchadifferentconceptforus,asveryvisuallydrivenanimals,toimaginehowananimalmightseeitshabitatwithouteyes,butnowweknowoftwoexamples."8.What’sresearchers’newfindingabouttheredbrittlestar?A.Itisarelativeofstarfish. B.Itlivesinthecoralreefs.C.Ithasaveryrareability. D.Itisaseacreature.9.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph3?A.Togive:reasonswhythebrittlestarhasnobrain.B.Tomakeageneralintroductionofthebrittlestar.C.Tostresstherolethebrittlestarplaysinthesea.D.Toexplainwhythebrittlestarkeepsauniquelifestyle.10.Accordingtothetext,photoreceptors.A.spreadonthesurfaceoftheredbrittlestarB.functionnormallyeveninthenighttimeC.controlthefieldoflightbeingdetectedD.serveascellsresponsibleforcoloring11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AHowSeaCreatureFindsItsHabitatUnderwater B.HowSeaCreature’sVisualSystemWorksC.SeaCreatureFindsNewHabitat D.SeaCreatureSeesWithoutEyes【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺的其次種沒有眼睛但卻能看清晰東西的海洋生物蛇尾海星的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish’srelative-calledtheredbrittlestarisonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.(探討人員本月報告說，海星的近親紅蛇尾海星是已知的其次種不用眼睛就能看到東西的生物。)”可知，探討人員關(guān)于紅蛇尾海星的新發(fā)覺是它有著不用眼睛就能望見東西的實力，因此C選項“Ithasaveryrareability.(它有罕見的實力)”符合推想。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Brittlestars,withfivearmsextendingfromacentraldisk,arepartofagroupofsealifecalledechinoderms.Theyhaveanervoussystembutnobrain.Theredbrittlestarmeasuresuptoabout35centimeterswide,fromtheendofonearmtotheother.Itlivesinbrightandcomplexenvironments.Becauseofthepossibilityofbeingeatenbyfish,thecreaturehidesduringdaylighthours.(蛇尾海星有五條臂從中心盤延長出來，是一群叫棘皮類動物的海洋生物中的一員。它們有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，但沒有大腦。紅海蛇尾寬約35厘米，它生活在光明困難的環(huán)境中。因為有可能被魚吃掉，這種生物會在白天躲起來。)”可推知，作者寫作本段主要是為了介紹蛇尾海星的基本狀況。因此，B項“Tomakeageneralintroductionofthebrittlestar.(對海蛇尾作一個一般性的介紹)”符合題意，故選B項。【10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段中的“Theredbrittlestarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight-sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbody.(紅蛇尾海星擁有視外視覺，這是一種被稱為光感受器的感光細(xì)胞的結(jié)果。這些光感受器覆蓋著它的身體)”可知，紅蛇尾海星的身體表面遍布光感受器，因此A選項“spreadonthesurfaceoftheredbrittlestar(紅蛇尾海星的身體表面遍布光感受器)”符合題意，故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是依據(jù)文章第一段中的“Arelativeofstarfishdoesn’thaveeyes,butcanstillsee.(海星的近親沒有眼睛，但能望見。)”可知，本本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺的其次種沒有眼睛但卻能看清晰東西的海洋生物的相關(guān)信息。因此，本文的最好的標(biāo)題是D選項“SeaCreatureSeesWithoutEyes(沒有眼睛就能望見的海洋生物)”符合題意，故選D項。DAresearchteamledbyUCLAmaterialsscientistshasshownwaystomakesuperwhitepaintthatreflectsasmuchas98%ofincomingheatfromthesun.Theadvanceshowspracticalpathwaysfordesigningpaintsthat,ifusedonrooftopsandotherpartsofabuilding,couldgreatlyreducecoolingcosts,beyondwhatstandardwhitecool-roofpaintscanachieve.“WhenyouwearawhiteT-shirtonahotsunnyday,youfeelcoolerthanifyouwearonethat’sdarkerincolor—that’sbecausethewhiteshirtreflectsmoresunlightandit’sthesameconceptforbuildings,”saidAaswathRaman,aresearcherofthestudy.“Aroofpaintedwhitewillbecoolerinsidethanoneinadarkershadebyrejectingheatatinfrared(紅外線的)wavelengths,whichwehumanscannotseewithoureyes.Thissuperwhitepaintcouldallowbuildingstocooldownevenmorebyradiative(輻射的)cooling.”Thebestperformingwhitepaintsnowavailabletypicallyreflectaround85%ofincomingsunheat.Theremainderisabsorbedbythechemicalmakeupofthepaint.Theresearchersshowedthatsimplechangesinapaint'singredientscouldofferabigjump,reflectingasmuchas98%ofincomingradiation.Thepotentialcoolingbenefitsthissuperwhitepaintcanachievemayberealizedinthenearfuturebecausethechangessuggestedarewithintheabilitiesofthepaintandcoatingsindustry.Manycitiesandgovernments,includingthestaleofCaliforniaandNewYorkCity,havestartedtoencouragecool-rooftechnologiesfornewbuildings.“Wehopethattheworkwillinspirefuturecreativityinsuper-whitecoatingsfornotonlyenergysavingsinbuildings,butalsolesseningtheheatislandeffectsofcities,andperhapsevenshowingapracticalwaythat,ifappliedglobally,couldaffectclimatechange,”saidRaman,whohasstudiedcoolingpainttechnologiesforseveralyears,“Thiswouldrequireexpertsindiversefieldstoworktogether.”12.What’sthefunctionofthesuperwhitepaint?A.Reflectingallthesunheat. B.Loweringbuildingcosts.C.Keepingbuildingscool. D.Absorbingheatquickly.13.HowdoesAaswathRamanexplaintheworkingprincipleofthepaint?A.Bytellingastory. B.Bylistingscientificdata.C.Byconductingallexperiment. D.Bymakingasimilarcomparison.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesuperwhitepaintfromthetext?A.Itiscompletelychemicalfree. B.Itisstillunavailableinthemarket.C.Itsingredientsstillneedimproving. D.Iseffectshavebeengreatlyimproved.15.WhatdoRaman’swordsinthelastparagraphimplyaboutthework?A.Hehashighexpectationsofit. B.Heurgesgreaterattentiontoit.C.Hebelievesitcanstopclimatechange. D.Hethinksit’seasytocarryoutworldwide.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。由加州高校洛杉磯分校的材料科學(xué)家們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個探討小組已經(jīng)展示了制造超白涂料的方法，這種涂料能夠反射多達98%的來自太陽的熱量，假如在屋頂和建筑物的其他部分運用，可以大大降低降溫成本?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“AresearchteamledbyUCLAmaterialsscientistshasshownwaystomakesuperwhitepaintthatreflectsasmuchas98%ofincomingheatfromthesun.Theadvanceshowspracticalpathwaysfordesigningpaintsthat,ifusedonrooftopsandotherpartsofabuilding,couldgreatlyreducecoolingcosts,beyondwhatstandardwhitecool-roofpaintscanachieve.(由加州高校洛杉磯分校材料科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個探討小組展示了制造超級白色涂料的方法，這種涂料能反射98%的來自太陽的熱量。這項進展為設(shè)計油漆供應(yīng)了好用的途徑，假如將其用于屋頂和建筑物的其他部分，就可以大大降低冷卻成本，這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的白色冷卻屋頂油漆所能達到的效果)”可知，這種超白涂料可以讓建筑物保持涼爽。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀文章其次段尤其是依據(jù)本段中的“WhenyouwearawhiteT-shirtonahotsunnyday,youfeelcoolerthanifyouwearonethat’sdarkerincolor—that’sbecausethewhiteshirtreflectsmoresunlightandit’sthesameconceptforbuildings(當(dāng)你在燥熱的陽光下穿白色t恤時，你會比穿深色t恤感覺更涼快——這是因為白色t恤反射更多的陽光，建筑也是如此)”可推知，AaswathRaman是以把超白涂料和白襯衫作類比的方式說明超白涂料的工作原理的。故選D。14題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段中的“Thepotentialcoolingbenefitsthissuperwhitepaintcanachievemayberealizedinthenearfuturebecausethechangessuggestedarewithintheabilitiesofthepaintandcoatingsindustry.(這種超級白漆的冷卻效果可能在不久的將來就會實現(xiàn)，因為所建議的變更在油漆和涂料工業(yè)的實力范圍內(nèi))”可推知，這種超白涂料在市場上目前還買不到。故選B。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中Raman所說的“Wehopethattheworkwillinspirefuturecreativityinsuper-whitecoatingsfornotonlyenergysavingsinbuildings,butalsolesseningtheheatislandeffectsofcities,andperhapsevenshowingapracticalwaythat,ifappliedglobally,couldaffectclimatechange(我們希望這項工作能激發(fā)對將來超白涂料的創(chuàng)建力，這種涂料不僅可以節(jié)約建筑物的能源，還可以減輕城市的熱島效應(yīng)，假如應(yīng)用到全球，甚至還可能供應(yīng)一種好用的方法來影響氣候變更)”可推知，Raman對于這種這項工作抱有很高的期望。故選A。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Agoodteachercanmakeaworldofdifferenceinastudent’slife,influencingeverythingfromtheirclassroomlearningtotheirlong-termsuccess.____16____Herearesomeofthequalitiesthatgoodteachershaveincommon.____17____Whenitcomestoeffectiveteaching,strongcommunicationskillsareamust.Bycommunicatingwithstudentsatthebeginningoftheyear,ateachercanhelpstudentsbeabletoapproachthesubjectinamoreenjoyablewaythatbettersupportstheirlearning.Goodteacherslistenwell.Teachersthatareskilledinlisteningandobservingoftenpickuponwhatisn'tbeingsaid,suchasanyanxietyastudentmayhave,andcanthenhelpthestudentbuildtheirskillsandconfidencelevels.Effectivelisteningskillsalsohelpateacherbetterunderstandtheirstudents.____18____Goodteachersareadaptable.____19____Andtheymustadjusttheirteachingmethodsbasedontheageoftheirstudents,theresourcesavailableandchangingcurriculumandpractices.Goodteachersarelifelonglearners.Continuingtoexpandyourownknowledgeiskeytoexpandingthatofyourstudents.Goodteachersaredevotedtotheirsubjectswithagreatdesireforlearning.____20____It’simportantforteacherstoneverfeelasthoughthey'velearneditall,andtoremainopentonewexperiences.A.Sowhatmakesagoodteacher?B.Goodteachersknowtheirlearners.C.Goodteachersarestrongcommunicators.D.Theyalsoneedtohaveadesiretopassonthatknowledge.E.Thestudentscancreateagreatlearningenvironmentnomatterwhatcomes.F.Goodteachersneedbeabletoworkinaconstantlychangingenvironment.G.Thiswillopenadoorforthestudentstoreceiveandlearnthecoursebeingtaught.【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.F20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀老師的共同點?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Agoodteachercanmakeaworldofdifferenceinastudent’slife,influencingeverythingfromtheirclassroomlearningtotheirlong-termsuccess.”（一個好老師可以變更學(xué)生的生活，影響從課堂學(xué)習(xí)到長期勝利的一切。）和下文“Herearesomeofthequalitiesthatgoodteachershaveincommon.”（這里有一些品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀老師的共同點。）可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)當(dāng)提到怎樣做一名優(yōu)秀的老師。A項：“Sowhatmakesagoodteacher?”（那么怎樣才能成為一名好老師呢？）符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空處為段落主題句。下文“Whenitcomestoeffectiveleaching,strongcommunicationskillsareamust.”（當(dāng)談到有效的教學(xué)時，強大的溝通技巧是必需的。）對主題句有說明說明作用，本段的主題與溝通有關(guān)。C項：“Goodteachersarestrongcommunicators.”（好的老師擅長溝通。）符合語境。故選C?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Effectivelisteningskillsalsohelpateacherbetterunderstandtheirstudents.”（有效的聽力技巧也能幫助老師更好地理解學(xué)生。）可知，本段主要是在講有效的聽力技巧帶來的好處。G項：“Thiswillopenadoorforthestudentstoreceiveandlearnthecoursebeingtaught.”（這將為學(xué)生們打開一扇門來接受和學(xué)習(xí)所教授的課程。）符合語境。故選G。【19題詳解】本段的主題句是“Goodteachersareadaptable.”（好老師是有適應(yīng)力的。），設(shè)空處說明說明主題句，應(yīng)當(dāng)與老師的適應(yīng)實力相關(guān)。F項：“Goodteachersneedbeabletoworkinaconstantlychangingenvironment.”（好的老師須要能夠在不斷變更的環(huán)境中工作。）符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Continuingtoexpandyourownknowledgeiskeytoexpandingthatofyourstudents.Goodteachersaredevotedtotheirsubjectswithagreatdesireforlearning.”（不斷擴展自己的學(xué)問是擴展學(xué)生學(xué)問的關(guān)鍵。好老師以極大的求知欲獻身于他們的學(xué)科。）可知，設(shè)空處學(xué)問和學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)。D項：“Theyalsoneedtohaveadesiretopassonthatknowledge.”（他們還須要有傳遞學(xué)問的愿望。）符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言學(xué)問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iwasonjury(陪審團)dutyindowntownPittsburghanddecidedtotakeawalkduringourone-hourlunchbreak.AsIwaswalking,Inoticedanelderlyladyholdingupa(n)____21____,whichsaid:“Willworkfor$,tryingtogethome.”I____22____puttingseveraldollarsinherbox,butallIhadwasatwenty-dollarbillI____23____touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.____24____,Ididn’twanttopartwithit.SoIstartedtowalkaway,buteventuallyI____25____.Istarteda___26___withher.HernamewasKatie,andshewas____27____.She’dbeenadishwasher,butlostherjoband____28____onthestreet.ShewantedtogotoColoradoSpringswhereshehadrelatives.Shewasn’thavingmuch____29____withhersignanddonations.Ireallywantedto_____30_____her,butIhadonlyaboutforty-fiveminutestoreturntothecourtroom.ThenImadeupmymind.ItoldherI’d_____31_____hertotheGreyhoundstation,eventhoughitwasafifteen-minutewalk.Ilookedagaininmy_____32_____,andthetwenty-dollarbillstaredatme.ThenInoticedanoldcreditcardIhadn’t____33____foroverayear.Ididn’tthinkitwouldwork.ButIdecidedtogiveita(n)_____34_____whenwepassedanATM。Tomygreat_____35_____,themoneycameout.OnreachingtheGreyhoundstation,IboughtKatiea_____36_____andgavehertherestofthemoneyforfood.Shewasso_____37_____thatshehuggedmetightlybeforeIwavedgoodbye.Iranbacktothecourtroomandfeltgreat_____38_____thatImadeitjustintime.Whatmadememore_____39_____wasthattherestofthedaywentsmoothly.Justasasayinggoes,“Helpingothersis_____40_____helpingourselves”.21.A.letter B.sign C.article D.invitation22.A.gaveup B.setabout C.insistedon D.thoughtof23.A.intended B.offered C.promised D.remembered24.A.Strangely B.Unwillingly C.Selfishly D.Ridiculously25.A.kepton B.turnedback C.lookedup D.gotthrough26.A.conversation B.discussion C.negotiation D.compromise27.A.hopeless B.fearless C.speechless D.homeless28.A.fellover B.brokedown C.endedup D.settleddown29.A.luck B.patience C.courage D.experience30.A.save B.help C.believe. D.please31.A.attract B.drive C.recommend D.accompany32.A.car B.wallet C.suitcase D.parcel33.A.seen B.charged C.used D.repaid34.A.try B.name C.honor D.award35.A.pride B.credit C.puzzle D.surprise36.A.ticket B.lunch C.souvenir D.drink37.A.generous B.friendly C.grateful D.outgoing38.A.duty B.relief C.challenge D.reward39.A.energetic B.optimistic C.touched D.delighted40.A.properly B.personally C.actually D.especially【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在一次午餐間隙漫步時偶遇一名在街上求助的失業(yè)且無家可歸的女士，后來作者送這位女士去了車站，不但幫她買了車票，還把剩余的錢都給了她。作者通過自身的經(jīng)驗想要告知我們：幫助他人事實上就是在幫助自己?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走著的時候，我留意到一位老婦人舉著一個標(biāo)牌，上面寫著：“將為美元工作，想回家?！盇.letter信；B.sign標(biāo)牌；C.article論文；D.invitation請柬。依據(jù)句中“whichsaid:"Willworkfor$,tryingtogethome”可知，老婦人手里舉著的是標(biāo)牌(sign)。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我想把幾美元放進她的盒子里，但我只有一張20美元的鈔票，我準(zhǔn)備在回家的路上用來買食品。A.gaveup放棄；B.setabout動身；C.insistedon堅持；D.thoughtof想，考慮。依據(jù)句中“butallIhadwasatwenty-dollarbillI_3__touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.”可知，作者剩20美元準(zhǔn)備買食品的，因此，作者當(dāng)時只是想（thoughtof）給這個老婦人幾美元，并沒有給。因此選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想把幾美元放進她的盒子里，但我只有一張20美元的鈔票，我準(zhǔn)備在回家的路上用來買食品。A.intended準(zhǔn)備；B.offered供應(yīng)；C.promised承諾；D.remembered記住。依據(jù)句中“touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備（intended）用這20美元去食品雜貨店買食品的，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很自私，不想放棄這20美元。A.Strangely驚奇地；B.Unwillingly不情愿地；C.Selfishly自私地；D.Ridiculously可笑地。依據(jù)“Ididn’twanttopartwithit.”可知，作者不想把錢給這位舉牌求助的老婦人，但是又覺得這樣做很自私。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以我起先走開，但最終又返回來了。A.kepton堅持；B.turnedback返回；C.lookedup查；D.gotthrough度過。依據(jù)下文“Istarteda___6___withher.HernamewasKatie”可知，作者返回來（turnedhack）想了解狀況并進一步幫助老婦人。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我起先和她談話。A.conversation談話，閑聊；B.discussion探討；C.negotiation談判；D.compromise妥協(xié)。依據(jù)下文“HernamewasKatie,andshewas____7____.She'dbeenadishwasher,butlostherjoband____8____onthestreet.”可知，作者通過與老人談話（conversation）得知她叫凱蒂，以前是個洗碗工，但現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了，流落街頭。故選A項。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她叫凱蒂，無家可歸。A.hopeless沒有希望的；B.fearless無畏的；C.speech