BEC商務英語（中級）閱讀模擬試卷1（共9套）（共405題）BEC商務英語（中級）閱讀模擬試卷第1套一、概括文意配伍(本題共7題，每題1.0分，共7分。)HowtoapproachReadingTestPartOne?InthispartoftheReadingTestyoumatchsevenstatementswithfourshorttexts.?Firstreadeachshorttextandthenreadthesentencestoseewhichonesrefertothetext.?Makesureyoureadeachtextforoverallmeaning.Donotchooseananswerjustbecauseyoucanseethesamewordsinthetext.?Lookatthestatementsbelowandtheviewsaboutimprovementprocessesontheoppositepage.?Whichcompany(A,B,CorD)doeseachsentence1-7referto??Foreachsentence1-7,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.?Youwillneedtousesomeofthelettersmorethanonce.A"We'reaheadofourcompetitorsinthateveryyearweinvitecustomerstoheadquarterstodiscusstheirexpectationsforthenextfiveyears.Inadditiontocustomers,themeetingincludesapproximately100employeesandsuppliers.Weparadeourfive-yearplan,includingsuchthingsasservice,qualityandon-timedelivery,andinvolveeveryoneinafeedbackprocess.Theoutcomebecomespartofourlong-rangestrategicplan,whichiscommunicatedtoeveryemployeeintheorganisation-aprocesswecallmanagementbyplanning."B"Theapproachwefindweneedtotaketoincreasingcustomersatisfactionissystemic.Thereisn'taneasywaytodoit.Everythingisinterconnectedandbuilds.Inordertodelightcustomers,youneedsmoothmanufacturingprocesses,whichmeansyouneedanaccuratewarehouse,whichinturnreliesonagoodmanufacturingrequirementssystemandgoodsuppliers.Youcan'taccomplishoneinisolation."C"Aspartofourimprovementprocess,employeesparticipateactivelyinraisingcustomersatisfaction.Theyestablishtheareasinwhichtheywillbemeasuredthattranslateintoqualityperformance:thingslike,'Howquicklydoyourespondtoacall?'or'Howeffectiveareyourdealingswiththecustomer?'Feedbackisprovidedregularlytoemployees.Theyanalysethedatatodeterminewhenadditionalinstructionandsupportareneeded,orwhenprocessesneedtobere-workedorimproved,orwhenourgoalsneedtobechanged.Theyarealsoencouragedtokeepaneyeonthecompetitionandhowtheyaredoing.Thesedataareusedforplanningpurposes."D"Ourseniormanagersareconstantlypullingthecompetition'sproductsaparttoseewhatthey'redoing.They'vealsodonesomebenchmarkingagainstourbettercompetitors.Thereareafewgoodonesthatmakeusrunfasterandharder.But,tobehonest,intermsofnewserviceinitiatives,forexample,we'vehadtolookoutsideourindustrytofindwhatcouldbecalled'bestofbreed'.We'vemilkedourownindustry."1、Staffareinvitedtosetthestandardsthatareusedtoassesstheirproductivity標準答案：C知識點解析：暫無解析2、Long-termaimsarenegotiatedwithpeopleinternalandexternaltothecompany標準答案：A知識點解析：暫無解析3、Staffcontributetothemonitoringofcompetitors’progress.標準答案：C知識點解析：暫無解析4、Differentkindsofcompanyneedtobeexaminedforideasforinnovation.標準答案：D知識點解析：暫無解析5、Staffdecideontheirownrequirementsfortraining.標準答案：C知識點解析：暫無解析6、Improvingoneaspectofthebusinessaffectsotheraspects.標準答案：B知識點解析：暫無解析7、Allstaffareinformedofthecompany’sfuturedirection.標準答案：A知識點解析：暫無解析二、段落完型(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)?Readthearticlebelowaboutchangesinworkingtime.?Choosethebestsentencetofillineachofthegaps.?Foreachgap8—12,markoneletter(A—G)onyourAnswerSheet.?Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.?Oneanswerhasbeengivenasanexample.?Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.TheNatureofMoneySeeifyoucanlocatea$5,$10,or$20billprintedbefore1964andmarked"FederalReserveNote"overtheportrait.Intheupper-leftportionabovetheseal,astatementwritteninfineprintsaysthatthenoteislegaltender(法定貨幣)andthatit"isredeemable(可兌現(xiàn)的)inlawfulmoneyattheUnitedStatesTreasury(美國財政部),oratanyFederalReserveBank."Doesthismeanthatthebillisnotlawful?Atthebottomcenterthesamebillsays,"WillpaytothebearerondemandXdollars."(8).(9).Manypeoplebelievethatmoneyhasnovalueunless(10).TheythinkthattheFederalReservenoteisonlyasymbolformoney,andthatrealmoneyisthepreciousmetalbackingthenote.Somepeoplelookonmoneyaswealthandbelievethatitmusthaveintrinsic(內在的)value.Ifweweretostudythehistoryofmoney,wewouldfindthat(11).Cattle,shell,beads(珠子),tobaccoleaves,andvariousmetals—includingiron,zinc(鋅),bronze(青銅),andcopper—haveallbeenusedasabasisofexchange.Thepreciousmetals,particularlysilverandgold,haveprovedmostsatisfactoryforthispurposeandhavebeenmostcommonlyusedinmoderntimes.Untilearly1968,theUnitedStatesbackeditsFederalReserveNoteswith25percentgold,butthisdidnotmeanthat(12).Clearly,itisnotwhatmoneyisbutwhatitdoesthatisimportant.Aitisbackedbygoldorsilver.Bindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesavarietyofthingshavebeenusedasmoney.CSeeifyoucanlocatea$5,$10,or$20billprintedbefore1964andmarked"FederalReserveNote"overtheportrait.Dcitizenscouldusegoldasmoneyorconvertpaperdollartogold.Etherefore,thepreciousmetalscanbetakenasmoney.FDoesitmeanthatyourX-dollarbillisnotXdollars?GMuchconfusionexistsabouttherealnatureofmoney.8、標準答案：F知識點解析：此段講的是票據是否能充當貨幣，比較這幾個選項，則F對。9、標準答案：G知識點解析：從后文知，此段在討論貨幣的屬性問題，所以選G。10、標準答案：A知識點解析：后文提到，一些人認為，money是由貴金屬支持的票據，綜合考慮選項，A對。11、標準答案：B知識點解析：后文提到，很多東西在不同時候都作過貨幣用，所以選B。12、標準答案：D知識點解析：由常識也可以知道，紙幣不能隨意地兌換成金銀。三、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共6題，每題1.0分，共6分。)?LookatthearticleaboutCocaColaandthequestionsbelow.?ForeachquestionmarkoneletterA,B,C,DonyourAnswerSheet,fortheansweryouchoose.ABriefHistoryofCokeNowadays,Coca-Cola'strademarkiswellknownaroundtheworldanditsproductsaverageastaggering400millionservingsperdayinmorethan155countries.Accordingtolegend,itbeganinathree-leggedkettleinthebackyardofAtlantapharmacistDr.JohnStythPermbertonwhocarriedajugofhisconcoctiondownthestreettoJacob'sPharmacyywhereitwassoldatthesodafountainfor5centsaglass.FrankRobinson,Pemberton'spartnerandbookkeeperthoughttwo"C"swouldlookgoodinadvertisingandwrote"Coca-Cola"inthefloweringscriptsofamoustoday.ItissignificantthatPermbertonspentalmosttwiceasmuchmoneyonadvertisingduringthefirstyearsofoperationashemadeinprofits,forthegrowthofCoke'spopularityisasmuchduetotheadvertisingandmarketingstrategyasitistothequalityofitsproduct.Bycontinuallymonitoringchangesinconsumerattitudesandbehaviour,theCoca-ColaCo.hasbecomeawidelyrecognizedleaderinadvertising.Pembertoncouldnotforeseethegreatestfutureawaitinghissoftdrinkandsoldout.AsaGriggsCandlerboughtthebusinessandorganizedtheCoca-ColaCo.intoaGeorgiacorporation.In1893,heregisteredCoca-Colaasatrademark.UnderCandler'sleadership,thecompanybegantogrowquickly.Inordertoinstigateademandfortheproduct,hespentheavilyonadvertising.Signswereputupfromcoastandappearedoncalendars,servingtraysandothermerchandisingitems,urgingpeopletodrinkCoke.Candler'scampaignpaidoff.Candlerwasacreativetalentatadvertising,butshowedlittleimaginationinunderstandingCoke'smarketingpotential.In1899,hesoldtherighttobottleCokethroughoutmostoftheUnitedStatefor$1,whichheneverbotheredtocollect.CandlersawCokeprimarilyasasoda-fountaindrink.Buttwofar-sightedbusinessmenfromChattanooga,Tennessee,BenjaminFranklinThomasandJosephBrownWhitehead,understoodthepotential,and,fortheunpaiddollar,boughtafranchisethatbecameworthmillions.TheiragreementwithCandlerbeganthefranchisingbottlingsystemthatstillremainsthefoundationoftheCoca-ColaCo.'ssoftdrinkoperations.ThomasandWhiteheadsoldtherightstobottleCoketofranchisersineverypartofthecountryinreturnforthebottler'sagreementtoinvestinthenecessaryresourcesandefforttomakethefranchiseasuccess.Duringthefollowingdecade,779bottlingplantswentintooperation.Intheearly20thcentury,Cokeblazedtheadvertisingtrail,developinginnovativeconceptsthatbecameacceptedpracticesinthefiled.Oneofthemosteffectivewasthedistributionandredemptionofcomplimentarytickets,entitlingtheholdertoaglassoffreeCokeatthesodafountainofadispenser.13、ThetrademarkCoca-Colawasoriginallycoinedby______.A、PembertonB、abookkeeperworkingforPembertonC、FrankRobinsonD、AsaGriggsCandler標準答案：B知識點解析：由“FrankRobinson…thoughttwo’C’swouldbegoodinadvertisingandwrote’Coca-Cola’”可知。14、Themainpurposeofthisarticleis______.A、tointroducethesoftdrinkCoca-Colatoreaders.B、totracethehistoryofthecompany’sfirsthundredyears.C、tosumupthecausesofCoca-Cola’sSuccessD、bothBandC標準答案：D知識點解析：通篇文章都是在追溯可口可樂的百年史并總結其成功經驗，如品質和廣告并重。15、Pembertonsoldouthisdrinkbecause______.A、hewasinbadneedofmoneyB、hefailedtoseethegreatpotentialoftheproductC、hequarreledwithhispartnerD、Noneoftheabove標準答案：B知識點解析：“Pembertoncouldnetforeseethegreatestfutureawaitinghissoftdrinkandsoldout.”16、Coke’spopularitygrowssteadilybecauseof______?A、itshighqualityoftheproductB、itsadvertisingC、itseffectiveadvertisingandmarketingstrategyD、BothAandC標準答案：D知識點解析：可口可樂之所以名聲日隆，就是來自于高質量的產品和行之有效的廣告和市場策略。參看文章第三段。17、Allofthefollowingwerethecompany’ssuccessfulexamplesofadvertisingexceptthat______.A、thecompanydistributedcomplimentaryticketsforpeopletodrinkaglassofCokefreeofchangeB、thecompanyflewanairshipoverWashingtonDCwithahugeCokesignonitssideC、thecompanysoldtherightstobottlecoketofranchisersineverypartoftheunitedStatesD、thecompanysetupalongPennsylvaniaRailroadlinehugeanimatedsignsthatshowedayoungmandrawingaglassofcokefromacrockeryurn標準答案：C知識點解析：A、B、D都是成功的廣告策略，C是營銷策略。18、JohnStythPembertonandAsaGriggsCandlerwerealikeintherespectthatbothofthem______.A、hadadoctor’sdegreeB、weretooshort-sightedtoseeCoke’smarketingpotentialC、SoldtheirbusinessinordertoraisemoneyD、usedmoneyinawastefulway標準答案：B知識點解析：由“Candlerwas…butshowedlittleimaginationinunderstandingCoke’smarketingpotential”，再參照題目15的注解，不難得出答案。四、完形填空(本題共15題，每題1.0分，共15分。)?ReadthearticlebelowaboutthecentralproblemofEconomics.?Choosethebestwordtofilleachgap,fromA,B,CorD.?Foreachquestion19—33,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.?Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.TheCentralProblemofEconomicsThecentralproblemofeconomicsistosatisfythepeople'sandnation'swants.Theproblemwearefacedwithisthatourresources,hereidentifiedasmoney,arelimited.Theonlywaywecanresolveourproblemistomakechoices.Afterlookingatourresources,wemustexamineourlistof(19)andidentifythethingsweneedimmediately,thosewecanpostpone,and(20)wecannotafford.Asindividuals,wefacethecentralprobleminvolvedineconomicsdecidingjusthowtoallocate(分配)ourlimitedresourcestoprovide(21)withthegreatestsatisfactionofourwants.Nationsfacethesameproblem.Asacountry'spopulationgrowstheneedformoregoodsandservicesgrowscorrespondingly.Resourcesnecessarytoproductionmayincrease,butthere(22)areenoughresourcestosatisfythetotaldesiresofanation.Whetherthebudgetmeetingistakingplaceinthefamily(23)room,intheconferenceroomofthecorporation(24)ofdirectors,orinthechamberoftheHouseofRepresentativesinWashington,thebasicproblemstillexists.Weneedtofindmethodsofallocatinglimitedresourcesinordertosatisfyunlimitedwants.Ashorttimeagoeconomists(25)goodsintotwocategories,freeandeconomic.Theformer,likeairandwater,werein(26)abundancethateconomistshadnoconcernforthem.Afterall,economicsisthe(27)ofscarcity(匱乏)andwhattodoaboutit.Todaymanyofthese"freegoods"are(28)veryexpensivetouse.Pollutionhasmadecleanairandwaterexpensiveforproducerswhohavetofiltertheirwasteproducts,forconsumerswhoultimately(最終)(29)theproducers'extracosts,and(30)taxpayerswhopayforthegovernment'sinvolvementincleaningtheenvironment.Inthe1990s,almostallgoodsare(31)Onlybyeffortandmoneycantheybeobtainedintheformpeoplewish.Meetingtheneedsofpeopleandfromingresourcesavailable(32)thebasicactivityofproduction.Intryingtomeet(33)wantsfromlimitedeconomicgoods,productionleadstonewproblemsineconomics.19、A、wantB、problemsC、wantsD、resources標準答案：C知識點解析：這句話是說，我們必須查看我們有哪些需求，并對他們做出選擇。want作‘需求’解時，常用復數。20、A、thoseB、someC、othersD、many標準答案：A知識點解析：這句中的動詞identify有三個并列的賓語從句；thethingsweneedimmediately,thosewecanpostpone,andthosewecannotafford。Those代替things。因此，只有those是正確選擇。21、A、themB、themselvesC、ourselvesD、him標準答案：C知識點解析：這里不能用them和themselves，也不能用him，閃為這個句子使用的人稱代詞都是第一人稱復數形式：...wefacethecentralproblem...decidingjusthowtoallocateourlimitedresourcestoprovideourselveswiththegreatestsatisfactionofourwants．這里的規(guī)則是：如果人稱代詞是泛指的，在句子中，乃至在篇章中都應保持人稱的一致。22、A、alwaysB、sometimesC、oftenD、never標準答案：D知識點解析：該句前半句說：生產所需的資源可能會增長；后半句是由but引導，表示句子意義的轉折：但從來沒有足夠的資源可滿足一個國家的全部需求。所以，never是惟一的正確選擇。23、A、livingB、bedroomC、storeD、kitchen標準答案：A知識點解析：根據常識，如果在家里討論預算的問題，一定是在起居室進行。24、A、managementB、functionC、boardD、group標準答案：C知識點解析：boardofdirectors即董事會。25、A、divideB、dividedC、haddividedD、weredivided標準答案：B知識點解析：句子的時間狀語Ashorttimeago要求句子的動詞用一般過去時。26、A、soB、greatC、suchD、suchan標準答案：C知識點解析：such...that...如此的……以至……因為修飾的是不可數名詞，所以不能用so(修飾形容詞)，也不能用sucha(后跟可數名詞單數)。例如：Thefreegoodsweresoabundantthateconomistshadnoconcernforthem.Itissuchahotweatherthatonlyafewpeoplecanbeseeninthestreets。27、A、formB、studyC、meansD、source標準答案：B知識點解析：經濟學是一門研究匱乏和如何對付匱乏的學問。studyof：對……的研究。28、A、practicallyB、inpracticeC、inrealityD、practical標準答案：C知識點解析：inreality實際上。這個句子說，“免費物品”實際上用起來價格昂貴。29、A、useB、willuseC、payforD、willpayfor標準答案：C知識點解析：payfor：付的款。這個句子說明的是一般現(xiàn)象，只需要用一般現(xiàn)在時，該句并列結構中用的就是一般現(xiàn)在時：producerswhohavetofilter...，taxpayerswhopayforthegovernment’s...30、A、theB、/C、forD、with標準答案：C知識點解析：這個句子較長，但結構工整，expensive后有三個for引導的介詞短語：forproducerswho...，forconsumerswho...andfortaxpayerswho...只要看清楚了這一結構，就不難做出正確選擇。31、A、plentifulB、scarceC、inshortageD、infullsupply標準答案：B知識點解析：如沒有上下文，較難做出選擇，但下面一句很明確地表明，‘物品’是匱乏的，只有通過努力，并使用金錢才能獲得。句中的they即指前面一句中的goods。32、A、areledtoB、leadsC、leadtoD、leadsto標準答案：D知識點解析：leadto：導致。作‘導致’解時，leadto不能用被動語態(tài)，所以A是錯誤選擇；C是錯誤的，因為句子的主語是第三人稱單數，動詞要與之在語法上相呼應。33、A、unlimitedB、limitedC、limitingD、limit標準答案：A知識點解析：根據上文，資源是有限的，需求是無止境的。五、改錯(本題共12題，每題1.0分，共12分。)?Readthisreportaboutthelimitedcompany.?Inmostofthelines34～35thereisoneextraword.Itiseithergrammaticallyincorrectordoesnotfitinwiththemeaningofthetext.Somelines,however,arecorrect.?Ifalineiscorrect,writeCORRECTonyourAnswerSheet.?Ifthereisanextrawordintheline,writetheextrawordinCAPITALLETTERSonyourAnswerSheet.WhatIsAnLimitedCompanyWhenalimitedcompanyhasstartedfortrading,youdonotinvestinsharesbygivingmorecapitaltothecompany.Youbuyforthemfromoneoftheshareholders.34.Ifitisapubliclimitedcompany,sharescanbeboughtandsoldfreely,usually35.ataStockExchange.Ifthecompanyisdoingwellandpayinghighdividends,36.thenyoumightpaymorethanthefacevalueoftheshares.Ifwhatitisdoingbadly37.youmightpaylessthanthefacevalueoftheshares.ThepriceyoupayattheStock38.Exchangeforyoursharesistheirmarketvalue,ifthatthecompanyfails,itwill39.stoptradingandgointoliquidation.Thismeansthatallthecompany'spropertyand40.equipmentmustbesoldandthemoneyfromthesalewillbeusedtopayforall41.itsdebts.Theshareholdersmaylosethemoneytheypaidfortheshares.Ifthe42.companystilldoesnothaveenoughmoneytopayallitsdebts,theshareholders43.donothavetopayanymoremoney.Inotherwords,theshareholders'liabilityfor44.debtsislimitedtothevalueoftheirshares.Ontheotherhand,ifwhenyouarean45.ownerofabusiness,whichisnotlimited,whenbusinessfails,youwillgobankrupt34、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。35、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。36、標準答案：what知識點解析：“Ifitisdoingbadly”，如果經營不善，作條件狀語，what多余。37、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。38、標準答案：that知識點解析：“Ifthecompanyfails”如果公司破產，作條件狀語，that多余。39、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。40、標準答案：for知識點解析：屬于短語誤用。還債，paydebts.for多余，去掉。41、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。42、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。43、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤；44、標準答案：when知識點解析：這是一個條件狀語用if引導，不用when。when引導時間狀語。45、標準答案：CORRECT知識點解析：沒有錯誤。BEC商務英語（中級）閱讀模擬試卷第2套一、概括文意配伍(本題共7題，每題1.0分，共7分。)Lookatthestatementsandthecompanynewsreportsbelow.Whichnewsreport(A,B,CorD)doeseachstatement1—7referto?Foreachsentence1—7,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.Youwillneedtousesomeofthelettersmorethanonce.ALittlewonderthataffluentshopperscomeindroves.Littlewonderthatotherscomeaswell,mugger,carthieves,childmolesters,drugpeddlers,pickpockets,shoplifters.CriminalsarefindingalucrativestampinggroundinthesprawlingemporiumsthatdotU.S.suburbs."Mallsarelikegreatbigjarsofhoney,"saysPoliceChiefJosephDelaneyofParamus."Lotsofbeescomebuzzingin,stingersattheready."Paramus,aNewYorkCitysuburbof26000whosesixmallsdrawnearly200000peopleonatypicalSaturday,reported8.9milliondollarsinshoppingentercrimelosseslastyear.BItiscrimesofviolencethatarecausingthemostalarm.Vastparkinglotsandmazesofstoresoffergoodworkingconditionsforcriminals.Victimsandbootyarereadilyaccessible,escaperoutesplentiful.CJusthowmanyvictimsareclaimedbyshoppingentercrime,nooneknows.Butmanybusinesspeoplearetakingthethreatseriously.Whetheroffencesarebigorsmall,itisclearthatmerchantshavelittleinterestinpublicizingthetrend.CommentsAnthonyPotter,asecurityconsultant:"Ifshoppingcentresstartedreportingallthecrimesthattakeplace,nobodywouldshopthere."DHamilton,Ohio,lawyerDavidGreen,whowon2milliondollarsonbehalfofawomanabductedfromamallparkinglotandshotinthehead,foundthat43seriouscrimeshadoccurredatthesamesite."Badguysknowthisiswheretofindwomenwithmoney—vulnerableandalone,"hesays.Indeed,mostviolencehappensinparkingareas,whereshopperscaneasilybetakenbysurprise.ReportsAlbertSussmanoftheInternationalCouncilofShoppingCentres:"Peopleparktheircarsandarerobbedbymuggers,whocanquicklyfindaplacetohide."1Badpeoplealsogothereaswellasshoppers2Crimesareveryserious.3Mostviolencehappensinparkingareas.4Almostnomerchantspublicizethecrime.5Crimesarerampantinmalls.6Peopleusuallyarerobbedwhenparking.7Manycrimeshappenatthesameplace.1、標準答案：A知識點解析：A段中有"…otherscomeaswell…"，所以正確。2、標準答案：B知識點解析：由"Itiscrimesofviolencethatarecausingmostalarm．"可知B對。3、標準答案：D知識點解析：答案在D段的第二小段："Indeed，mostviolencehappensinparkingareas"。4、標準答案：C知識點解析：答案在C選項中的第二小段。"Ifshoppingcentresstartedreportingallthecrimesthattake5、標準答案：A知識點解析：place，nobodywillshophere．"6、標準答案：D知識點解析：由警察的話"Mallsarelikegreatbigjarsofhoney．"所以有很多小偷(lotsofbees)光顧，可知A正確。7、標準答案：D知識點解析："人們常常在停車的時候被搶劫"。答案與第3題在同一處。"很多犯罪活動發(fā)生在同一地方"，即發(fā)生在停車場。二、段落完型(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)Readthearticleaboutcorporationmerger.Choosethebestsentencetofilleachoftheblanks.Foreachblank8—12markoneletter(A—G)onyourAnswerSheet.Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.ThereisanexampleatthebeginningCorporationMergerThemostcommonkindofconsolidationtodayisthemerger.AmergeroccursFWiththederegulationofnaturalgas,thenation's20interstatepipelinecompaniesbecamefearfulofcutthroatcompetition.Somefeltthattheycouldincreasetheirefficiencyandimprovetheirmarketflexibilitybymerging.In1985InternorthofOmahapaid$2.3billionforHoustonNaturalGasCorporation,(8)…Thesystemconnectedmarketsfromcoasttocoastandraisedsalesto$10billion.Onoccasion,mergershaveoccurredbetweensmallercompaniesinanindustrydominatedbyafewgiantfirms.Thesesmallercompaniesclaimthat(9)…Theymaintainthatsuchactionincreasescompetitioninsteadofreducingit.TheAntitrustDivisionoftheJusticeDepartmenthasnotalwaysagreedwiththem.Fourmajorwavesofmergershavetakenplaceinthiscountry.Thefirststartedin1887,justpriortothepassageoftheShermanAntitrustAct,andendedin1904.ItinvolvedsuchgiantsasUnitedStatesSteelandStandardOiltryingtocreatemonopoliesintheirindustries.FromtheendofWorldWarIuntilthe1930s,largefirmsswallowedsmallerfirmstocreateoligopolies.Themonopolyhasnochanceandtheoligopolylittlechanceofsucceedingtodayunderpresentantitrustpolicy.Thethirdmajormergermovementbeganinthe1960s,reachedapeakin1969,(10)…Manyoftheacquisitionsinvolvedgiantfirmsinoneindustrybuyinguplargecompaniesintotallyunrelatedindustries.Suchmergersarecalledconglomeratemergers.AclassicexampleisMobilOilCorporation'spurchaseofthehugeretailchainMontgomeryWard&Company.Mergersinthelasttenyearswereinthethousands.Moreimportantisthevalueofthetransactions,whichhasrisensharply.Thenumberofmergersandacquisitionsapply(11)…Thepetroleumindustryhadmergersandacquisitionsvaluedatclosedto$80billionbetween1981and1984.Otherindustries(12)…werebankingandfinance,insurance,miningandmineral,andprocessedfoods.Atherebygainingcontroloftheworld'slongestpipelineBandthengraduallydeclinedCexperiencinglargetakeoversDresultingincombinationsofsmallfirmsEonlytothosevaluedat$100millionormoreFwhentwoormorecompaniesgettogethertoformonecompanyGtheyneedtomergetobecomemoreefficientandeffective8、標準答案：A知識點解析：thereby的意思是bymeansofwhich／bydoingso，后面跟動詞的．ing形式表示結果。9、標準答案：G知識點解析：claim后跟賓語從句。如Sheclaims(that)sheisrelatedtotheQueen．她聲稱和女王有親屬關系。10、標準答案：B知識點解析：填入的是句中三個并列的謂語動詞中的最后一個。11、標準答案：E知識點解析：動詞apply后面可加上介詞to，解釋為"適用于"。如WhatIsaidappliestoonlysomeofyou．我所說的只適用于你們當中的一些人。12、標準答案：C知識點解析：這個動詞的一ing短語起的是定語的作用，修飾主語otherindustries。三、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共6題，每題1.0分，共6分。)Readthearticlebelowaboutinventory.Forquestions13-18,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheetfortheansweryouchoose.InventoryInventorybelongstoanimportantelementofthecostofdoingbusinessinalargecompany.Ifacompanyisassemblingcars,theymusthavealargenumberofpartsinhandsothattheassemblylinedoesnotstopbecauseonepartismissing.Ifcarsaregoingdowntheassemblylineandonepersonissupposedtofastenwheelsontothecar,thewholelinewillstopifherunsoutoffasteners.Thismeansthatseveralhundredmenwillbewaitingwhilesomeonemustfindfastenersforthewheel.Sotheremustbeasufficientnumberofpartsofallsortsnearbyinordertokeepthecarassemblylinerunningsmoothly.Alargesupplyofsparepartsisveryexpensive,soacompanywilltrytokeepitsinventoryaslowasitcanwithoutfindingitnecessarytostopproductionforlackofapart.Inaplannedcompany,itwasoftendifficulttosecuresparepartsandsomanycompaniesorderedmanyextrapartsandkeptlargesuppliesofpartssothatifamistakewasmadeinplanning,theycouldcontinuetoproduce.Thiswasknownasjust-in-caseinventory.Asaneconomymovesfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomy,theimportantthingforabusinessistomakemoneyandnotjustproduce.It'sveryexpensivetokeeplargesuppliersavailablejustincasethereisadelayindelivery.Soincreasingly,companiesaremovingtoanothersystemofinventoryofsparepartsaslowaspossible.Thiswaytheydonothavetopayforpartsusedinproductionuntiljustbeforetheyarepaidforthefinishedproduct.Thissavesthemmuchcapitalandisamuchmoreefficientmethodofoperating.Theproblemwiththisisthatifashipmentisdelayedorlostforsomereason,thewholefactorymayhavetostopbecausetheydon'thaveonelittlepart.Thisisveryexpensive.Mostmodernindustriestrytokeepinventoryaslowaspossible,butwhentheyadoptjust-in-timeinventorycontrol,theytrytokeepatleastsomeextrainstockforemergencies.13、Inaplannedeconomyitwasoftendifficulttosecurespareparts,______.A、somanycompaniesmanufacturethemallbythemselvesB、somanycompanieshavetostoptheproductionlineswhilewaitingC、somanycompaniesplacelargeordersforemergenciesD、somanycompaniesfeelquiteheadacheaboutthisproblem標準答案：C知識點解析：第三段中有對應的語句："Inaplannedcompany，itwasoftendifficulttosecuresparepartsandsomany……toproduce．"。14、Whydocompaniesadoptjust-in-timeinventorysystem?A、Theytrytokeeptheirinventoryofsparepartsaslowaspossible.B、Thecansavelotsofmoney.C、It’samoreefficientmethodofoperating.D、A,BandC.標準答案：D知識點解析：題目問的是為什么企業(yè)要用零部件庫存，在理解整篇文章對零部件庫存的眾多優(yōu)點的評述后，我們就可以找到正確答案D。15、Just-in-timeinventorycontrolsystem______.A、isadoptedinmostmodernindustriesB、isadoptedonlyinverysmallcompanyC、isadoptedonlybysomepeopleD、isadoptedlonglongtimeago標準答案：A知識點解析：從第四段中可以很輕松找出正確答案。16、Asaneconomymovesfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomy______.A、thecompaniespaymoreattentiontomoneyB、thecompaniescaremoreaboutproductionC、thecompanieshaegreatemphasisonfinishedproductsD、thecompaniesdon’tknowwhattodo標準答案：A知識點解析：第四段第一句話："Asaneconomymovesfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomy，theimportantthingforabusinessistomakemoneyandnotjustproduce．"。可以幫助我們立刻排除B，選A。17、Alargesupplyofsparepartsisveryexpensive,soacompany______A、willtrytokeepasmanyasitcanB、willtrytokeepaslowasitcanC、willtrytomakethemallbyitselfD、willtrytodeliveritquickly標準答案：B知識點解析：這道題最好帶著問題去答，就可以在文章第二段找到答案。18、Inventoryisanimportantpartofthecostofdoingbusiness______.A、justinthejoined-venturecompaniesB、inanycompanyC、instate-ownedcompaniesD、inprivate-ownedcompanies標準答案：B知識點解析：這是一本關于存貨(Inventory)方面的書籍的節(jié)錄，需要我們對存貨中的一些較為基本的事項有一定知識儲備。本題題干問存貨對于誰是商品運營成本中的重要組成部分，相對簡單，選B。四、完形填空(本題共15題，每題1.0分，共15分。)ReadthearticleaboutPeopleExpress.Choosethebestwordtofilleach