高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省臺州部分學校2024屆高三下學期3月模擬測試英語試題第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWeWantyou!Company:EmbassySuitesLocation:US-CA-SanLuisObispoEmployeeType:Full-Time/Part-timeJobType:ReceptionistReq’sEducation:HighSchoolReq’sExperience:LessThanIYearCONTACTINFORMATIONContact:RebeccaHyrePhone:805.549.0800Email:Rebecca@163.comFax:NotAvailableDESCRIPTION·EmbassySuitesHotelSanLuisiscurrentlyacceptingapplicationsforfrontDeskServicesAgent.Fulltimedayandparttimenightpositionsopen.·Availabilitymustincludeweekendsandholidays.·Thispositionhasacombinationofdutiesmainlyrelated,butnotlimitedtochecking-inhotelguests.Weareseekingcandidateswhohavetheabilityto:⊙Understandguestinquiresandprovideresponsesinahelpful,courteous(禮貌的)manner.⊙PromotepositiverelationswithallindividualswhoapproachtheFrontDeskandenterthehotel.⊙Focusontheguestneedsremainingcalmandcourteous.⊙Inputandaccessdatainthecomputer.⊙Ensuresecurityandconfidentialityofguestandhotelinformation.⊙Workcooperativelywithotherdepartmentsandco-workersaspartofateam.REQUIREMENTS·Customerserviceexperiencepreferred.·Pleaseapplyonlinebysubmittingaresume,includingacoverletter.·Applyinperson,byhandinginanapplicationforemployment,fromtheexecutiveofficeslocatedwithinthehotel.1.ThoseinterestedinthisjobmaycontactRebeccaHyre________A.byfax. B.bye-mail. C.bypost. D.byvideocall.2.Whomeetsthecompetencyrequirementsfortheposition?A.Tina,whofavorsanindependentworkingmode.B.Judy,whohaspriorexperienceasahotelmanager.C.Amy,whoexcelsatdealingwithdataandinterpersonalrelationships.D.Peter,whohasgoodmannersandagreatpassionforgoingonholidays.3.Whichisthepossiblemethodtoapplyfortheposition?A.BysendingafaxtoRebecca@163.com.B.Bywritingemailstotheexecutiveoffices.C.ByhandinganapplicationlettertotheDeskServicesAgent.D.Bysubmittinganapplicationletteronlinealongwitharesume.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了招聘酒店前臺服務崗位的職責和要求，強調了應聘者需具備良好的客戶服務技能和團隊合作精神?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CONTACTINFORMATION部分“Phone:805.549.0800(電話：8055490800)”、“Email:Rebecca@163.com(電子郵件：Rebecca@163.com)”以及“Fax:NotAvailable(傳真：不可用)”可知，對這份工作感興趣的人可以通過電話或電子郵件聯(lián)系RebeccaHyre。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Weareseekingcandidateswhohavetheabilityto部分“Understandguestinquiresandprovideresponsesinahelpful,courteous(禮貌的)manner.(理解客人的詢問，并以樂于助人、禮貌的方式提供回復。)”、“PromotepositiverelationswithallindividualswhoapproachtheFrontDeskandenterthehotel.(與所有接近前臺并進入酒店的人建立積極的關系。)”以及“Inputandaccessdatainthecomputer.(在計算機中輸入和訪問數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，擅長處理數(shù)據(jù)和人際關系的Amy符合該職位的能力要求。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)REQUIREMENTS部分“Pleaseapplyonlinebysubmittingaresume,includingacoverletter.(請在線提交簡歷，包括求職信。)”可知，申請這個職位，需要在線提交求職信和簡歷。故選D。BAllIhadtodoforthetwodollarswastocleanherhouseforafewhoursafterschool.Itwasabeautifulhousewiththingsthatwerecommoninherneighborhood,absentinmine.Workingforherbroughtmeasenseofpride,notonlybecauseIcouldimmerseinlittleluxurieslikemoviesandcandy,butalsobecauseIcontributedhalfofmyearningstomymother,ensuringtheywereusedfornecessities.Iwasnotlikethechildreninfolktales:burdensomemouthstofeed,problemssoseverethattheywereabandonedtotheforest.Ihadastatusthatdoingroutinechoresinmyhousedidnotprovide—anditearnedmeaslowsmile,anapprovingnodfromanadultandconfirmationsthatIwasadult-like,notchildlike.Inthosedays,childrenwerenotjustlovedorliked;theywereneeded.Theycouldearnmoney;theycouldcareforchildrenyoungerthanthemselves;theycouldworkthefarm,takecareoftheherd,andmuchmore.Isuspectthatchildrenaren’tneededinthatwaynow.Theyareloved,protectedandspoiled.Littlebylittle,Igotbetteratcleaningherhouse—goodenoughtobegivenmoretodo.Afterstrugglingtomovethepiano,mylimbsachedterribly.Despitewantingtodeclineorvoicemydiscomfort,Ifearedlosingmyjobandtheindependenceandrespectitaffordedme.Shebegantooffermeherclothes,foraprice.Impressedbythesewornthings,whichlookedsimplyeleganttoalittlegirlwhohadonlytwodressestoweartoschool,Iboughtafew.Still,Ihadtroublesummoningup(鼓起)thecouragetoobjecttotheincreasingdemandsshemade.Despitefeelingoverwhelmed,Ihesitatedtovoicemyconcerns,knowingmymotherwouldurgemetoquit.However,onedaywhilealoneinthekitchenwithmyfather,Iexpressedmydisappointment.Inanycase,heputdownhiscupofcoffeeandsaid,“Getyourmoney.Whatevertheworkis,doitwell—notforthebossbutforyourself.Youmakethejob;itdoesn’tmakeyou.Youarenottheworkyoudo;youarethepersonyouare.”Ihaveworkedforallsortsofpeoplesincethen,geniusesandfools,quick-wittedanddull,big-heartedandnarrow.I’vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfather,Ihaveneverconsideredtheleveloflabortobethemeasureofmyself,andIhaveneverplacedthesecurityofajobabovemyself-worthandfamilyvalue.4.Whatmainlyenabledtheauthortocontinuebearingtheburdenofwork?A.Prideinshoulderingfamilyobligations. B.Abundantexposuretoentertainment.C.Satisfactionfromcontributingtosociety. D.Inbornabilitiestohandleworkstress.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribetheauthor’scharacter?A.Responsiblebutinnocent. B.Observantandindependent.C.Determinedbutstubborn. D.Family-orientedandhumorous.6.Whatdidtheauthor’sfathermakeherunderstand?A.Don’tbepessimisticaboutheridentity.B.Don’ttrytoescapedifficultiesinwork.C.Makeadistinctionbetweenworkandlife.D.Expressdissatisfactionwithherworkfreely.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Familysupportcaneasethepainofchallengingwork.B.Successisn’talwaysguaranteedbyhardworkalone.C.Socialexpectationsmayleadindividualsawayfromtheirgenuinegoals.D.Don’tregardworkachievementasastandardfordefiningoneself.〖答案〗4.A5.B6.C7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過自己的故事告訴大家不要把工作成績作為定義自己的標準?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Workingforherbroughtmeasenseofpride,notonlybecauseIcouldimmerseinlittleluxurieslikemoviesandcandy,butalsobecauseIcontributedhalfofmyearningstomymother,ensuringtheywereusedfornecessities.(為她工作給我?guī)砹艘环N自豪感，不僅因為我可以沉浸在像電影和糖果這樣的小奢侈品中，還因為我把一半的收入捐給了我母親，確保這些收入用于生活必需品)”可知，以承擔家庭責任為榮讓作者能夠繼續(xù)承擔工作的重擔。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthosedays,childrenwerenotjustlovedorliked;theywereneeded.Theycouldearnmoney;theycouldcareforchildrenyoungerthanthemselves;theycouldworkthefarm,takecareoftheherd,andmuchmore.Isuspectthatchildrenaren’tneededinthatwaynow.Theyareloved,protectedandspoiled.(在那些日子里，孩子們不僅僅是被愛或被喜歡;他們是需要的。他們可以賺錢;他們可以照顧比自己小的孩子;他們可以在農場干活，照顧牛群，以及做更多的事情。我懷疑現(xiàn)在已經不需要孩子了。他們被愛，被保護，被溺愛)”以及第四段“Despitewantingtodeclineorvoicemydiscomfort,Ifearedlosingmyjobandtheindependenceandrespectitaffordedme.(盡管我想拒絕或表達我的不適，但我害怕失去我的工作，失去它給我的獨立和尊重)”可知，作者是一個觀察力強并且很獨立的人。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inanycase,heputdownhiscupofcoffeeandsaid,“Getyourmoney.Whatevertheworkis,doitwell—notforthebossbutforyourself.Youmakethejob;itdoesn’tmakeyou.Youarenottheworkyoudo;youarethepersonyouare.”(無論如何，他放下咖啡，說：“拿你的錢。不管是什么工作，都要做好——不是為了老板，而是為了你自己。你得到了這份工作;它不會讓你。你所做的工作不能代表你;你就是你自己?！?”可知，把工作和生活區(qū)分開來。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“I’vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfather,Ihaveneverconsideredtheleveloflabortobethemeasureofmyself,andIhaveneverplacedthesecurityofajobabovemyself-worthandfamilyvalue.(我做過很多種工作，但自從和父親的那次談話之后，我就不再把勞動水平作為衡量自己的標準，也不再把工作的安全感置于自我價值和家庭價值之上)”可知，不要把工作成績作為定義自己的標準。故選D。CFalcons(獵鷹)arepowerfulbirdsthatmaybetrainedtohuntincooperationwithhumans.Theartoftrainingfalconsas“huntingdogsoftheskies”iscalledfalconry.ItwasdevelopedintheancientArabianDesertaround4000B.C.Inthepast,falconrymainlyinvolvedhuntingwithfalconstosupplementone’sdiet.Butnow,ithasbecomethefavoritesportandspare-timeactivitiesintheArabianPeninsula.Falconryincludesthreemajorprocesses:acquiringthefalcons,trainingthem,andhuntingwiththem.Everyyear,falconersbegincapturingwildfalconsinJuneandJuly,themigrationseason.Thebestbirdstocatcharetheoneswithnaturallynurturedhuntingskills,agedoneortwoyears.Oncethefalconsarecaptured,theirheadsareimmediatelycoveredwithaleatherhood(罩).Thisisessentialbecausetheyimprintastheirmasterwhomevertheyseefirstafterthehoodisremoved.Rightafterabirdiscaught,thetrainingprocessstarts.Itbeginsbydeprivingthebirdoffoodtomakeiteasiertodomesticate.Thebirdsaretaughttoknowtheirownnameandrespondtotheirmasterwhencalled.Arabfalconerslivewiththeirbirdsdayandnightinordertobuildastrongrelationshipwiththem.BytheendofOctoberormid-November,thetrainedfalconsarereadytohuntinthedesert.Theyhaveexcellentvision,2.6timesgreaterthanthatofahuman.Theyarealsothefastestdiversontheplanet.Onehuntingtechniquethatsetsthemapartfromotheranimalsisthattheycanbetrainedtodelivertheirprey(獵物),withoutkillingitfirst.ThisisvitalinIslamicculturebecauseanimalsusedforfoodmuststillbealivetoensurethatthemeatishalal,thatis,properlypreparedaccordingtoIslamiclaw.FalconshaveplayedsuchacrucialroleintraditionalIslamicculturesthatanumberofcountriesintheMiddleEasthavemadethemtheirnationalbird.Falconryhasgrownsopopularthatspecialisthospitalshavebeenestablishedtotakecareofthesemagnificentbirds.Falconsareevenissuedtheirownpassports.TheyaretheonlyanimalsintheUnitedArabEmiratesthatarelegallyallowedtotravelinsideplanes,enjoyingalevelofluxurythatsomehumanscanonlydreamof.8.WhatisthemainreasonforArabicpeopletohuntwithfalconstoday?A.Toimprovetheirdiet. B.Toserveasrecreationandexercise.C.Tohonortheirnationalbird. D.Toreplacethepracticeofhuntingwithdogs.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?A.Falconersdon’tofferfoodtofalconsinordertocapturethem.B.Falconsarekeptfromseeingtheirtrainersduringthetrainingprocess.C.Wildfalconswithnaturalhuntingskillsareidealforfalconerstocatch.D.Thetrainers’namesarewrittenonthehoodscoveringthebirds’heads.10.WhatespeciallymakesfalconsauniquespeciesforhuntinginIslamicculture?A.Falconskeeptheirpreyaliveuntilit’spresentedtothefalconers.B.Falconscanbetrainedrelativelyeasilyfortargetedhuntingpurposes.C.Falconspossessvisionwell-suitedforhuntingindesertenvironments.D.Falconsarecapableofrapidlydevelopingastrongbondwiththeirhandlers.11.Accordingtothearticle,whatprivilegedofalconsenjoyintheArabworld?A.Airticketsfreeofcharge. B.Accesstospecializedmedicalcare.C.LuxuriesuniquetoArab. D.PassportshonorablyissuedbytheKing.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了鷹獵的起源、訓練過程和在阿拉伯文化中的重要性。它強調了鷹獵在古代主要用于補充食物，而現(xiàn)在已經成為阿拉伯半島上最受喜愛的運動和消遣活動之一?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Falcons(獵鷹)arepowerfulbirdsthatmaybetrainedtohuntincooperationwithhumans.Theartoftrainingfalconsas“huntingdogsoftheskies”iscalledfalconry.ItwasdevelopedintheancientArabianDesertaround4000B.C.Inthepast,falconrymainlyinvolvedhuntingwithfalconstosupplementone’sdiet.Butnow,ithasbecomethefavoritesportandspare-timeactivitiesintheArabianPeninsula.(獵鷹是一種強大的鳥類，可以訓練與人類合作狩獵。將獵鷹訓練成“空中獵犬”的藝術被稱為鷹獵。它是在公元前4000年左右在古阿拉伯沙漠中發(fā)展起來的。在過去，鷹獵主要涉及用獵鷹狩獵來補充飲食。但現(xiàn)在，它已成為阿拉伯半島最受歡迎的運動和業(yè)余活動。)”可知，今天阿拉伯人用獵鷹狩獵的主要原因是娛樂和鍛煉。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Everyyear,falconersbegincapturingwildfalconsinJuneandJuly,themigrationseason.Thebestbirdstocatcharetheoneswithnaturallynurturedhuntingskills,agedoneortwoyears.(每年6月和7月，也就是遷徙季節(jié)，獵鷹愛好者都會開始捕捉野生獵鷹。最適合捕捉的鳥是那些天生具有狩獵技能的鳥，年齡在一兩歲左右。)”可知，天生具有狩獵技能的野生獵鷹是獵鷹愛好者的理想選擇。故選C項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Onehuntingtechniquethatsetsthemapartfromotheranimalsisthattheycanbetrainedtodelivertheirprey(獵物),withoutkillingitfirst.ThisisvitalinIslamicculturebecauseanimalsusedforfoodmuststillbealivetoensurethatthemeatishalal,thatis,properlypreparedaccordingtoIslamiclaw.(一種使它們與其他動物不同的狩獵技術是，它們可以被訓練來運送獵物，而無需先殺死獵物。這在伊斯蘭文化中至關重要，因為用于食物的動物必須仍然活著，以確保肉類是清真的，即根據(jù)伊斯蘭法律適當準備。)”以及最后一段“FalconshaveplayedsuchacrucialroleintraditionalIslamicculturesthatanumberofcountriesintheMiddleEasthavemadethemtheirnationalbird.(獵鷹在傳統(tǒng)的伊斯蘭文化中發(fā)揮著至關重要的作用，以至于許多中東國家都把它們作為國鳥。)”可知，在伊斯蘭文化中，獵鷹在把獵物交給馴鷹人之前，會讓獵物活下來，這使得獵鷹成為一種獨特的狩獵物種。故選A項?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Falconryhasgrownsopopularthatspecialisthospitalshavebeenestablishedtotakecareofthesemagnificentbirds.Falconsareevenissuedtheirownpassports.TheyaretheonlyanimalsintheUnitedArabEmiratesthatarelegallyallowedtotravelinsideplanes,enjoyingalevelofluxurythatsomehumanscanonlydreamof.(鷹獵已經變得如此受歡迎，以至于已經建立了專門的醫(yī)院來照顧這些美麗的鳥類。獵鷹甚至有自己的護照。它們是阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國唯一合法允許乘坐飛機旅行的動物，享受著一些人類夢寐以求的奢華)。”可知，在阿拉伯世界，有專門的醫(yī)院來照顧這些美麗的鳥類，也就是說，獵鷹享有專業(yè)的醫(yī)療服務。故選B項。DScientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.Therewillbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon’tprioritizethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroad-maptoalow-carbonfuture.That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.Butweshouldalsobecautious,asnewtechnologies,suchasAI,maybehardtocontrol.AIwillundoubtedlybecomemoreaggressiveinthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.Actually,it’sbeyondEarththatAIhasthemostenormouspotential.HumansmayhaveestablishedbasesbeyondEarthbytheyear2100.Butdon’teverexpectmassemigration(移民)fromEarth.It’safalsebeliefthatspaceoffersanescapefromourproblems.DealingwithclimatechangeonEarthisapieceofcakecomparedtoterraforming(地球化)Mars.Nevertheless,weshouldcheeronthesebravehumanspaceadventurers.They’llbeill-adaptedtoaMartianhabitat,sothey’llhaveasupermotivetoredesignthemselves.It’sthey,notthoseofusadaptedtolifeonEarth,whowillpioneerthepost-humanera(時代).Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodtofullyartificialintelligence,theywon’tneedanatmosphereofevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMarsthatnonbiological“brains”maydeveloppowersthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevenmorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughtheuniverse.Butlet’srefocusfromthesciencefictionofthefarfutureclosertothehereandnow.Thiscenturyisspecial.It’sthefirst,inEarth’s4.5-billion-yearhistorywhereonespecies-ours—holdstheplanet’sfutureinitshands.Ourintelligencecouldinitiatebillionsofyearsofpost-humanevolution(演化),evenmoreamazingthanthatwhichledtous.Ontheotherhand,humanscouldcausebiological,environmentalorcybercatastrophesthatforecloseallthispotential.Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan’tprovide.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthetwotrendsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tojustifythegovernments’policies.B.Tocriticizescientists’poorpredictionability.C.Toadvocateforadvancementsintech.D.Tohighlightthechallengesfacedbyscientists.13.Accordingtothispassage,AIcan________.A.putanendtoclimatechangeB.facilitatemasshumanmigrationC.speedupthecompetitioninmedicalfieldsD.bringaboutpotentialthreatsfrombigcompanies14.Asforthefuture,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?A.Post-humanswillechothehistoryofhumans.B.Complexintelligencewilldominatetheuniverse.C.Non-biologicalbrainsmayinviteunknowndisasters.D.Fullyartificialintelligencemayinhabitouterspace.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FutureofHumanity:CouldAISaveUs?B.ChangeorDie:WillScienceLeadFurtherEvolution?C.TowardsaSustainableFuture:WhatCanWeDo?D.UnstoppableTrend:IsComplexIntelligenceComing?〖答案〗12.C13.D14.D15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹了人口增長和氣候變暖兩個趨勢，并探討了人工智能、太空探索以及后人類時代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行動，并強調科學需要與價值觀相結合?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.Therewillbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon’tprioritizethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroad-maptoalow-carbonfuture.(科學家們對未來的預測能力很差。但可以自信地預測兩種趨勢。首先，世界將變得更加擁擠。到2050年，人口將超過90億。其次，世界將變暖，一些政府不會優(yōu)先考慮應對氣候變化所需的長期措施，盡管科學為我們提供了低碳未來的路線圖。)”以及第二段“That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.(這就是為什么我們應該成為新技術的推動者——沒有它，世界就無法為不斷增長的人口提供所需的糧食和可持續(xù)能源。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到這兩種趨勢是為了呼吁大家發(fā)展科學新技術，倡導技術進步。故選C。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AIwillundoubtedlybecomemoreaggressiveinthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.(毫無疑問，人工智能在未來將變得更加激進。我們的行動、健康和財務交易記錄將存儲在云端。這些數(shù)據(jù)可能被用于合理的原因，如蛋白質折疊和藥物開發(fā)，或警告我們最初的健康風險，但互聯(lián)網公司的可用性已經將權力平衡從政府轉移到了全球規(guī)模的公司。)”可知，人工智能會使人類受到來自于全球規(guī)模的大公司的潛在威脅。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodtofullyartificialintelligence,theywon’tneedanatmosphereofevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMarsthatnonbiological“brains”maydeveloppowersthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevenmorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughtheuniverse.(如果后人類從血肉之軀轉為完全的人工智能，他們將不需要一個均勻的重力環(huán)境，所以在深空——甚至在火星上，非生物“大腦”可能會發(fā)展出我們無法想象的力量。他們最終可能會在精神上與我們不同。人工智能可能會引發(fā)大規(guī)模的移民，從而使更復雜的智能在宇宙中傳播。)”可知，作者認為完全人工智能可能存在于外太空。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan’tprovide.(如果科學要拯救我們，我們需要從全球、理智和長遠的角度思考——由科學賦予權力，但以科學本身無法提供的價值觀為指導。)”以及文章內容可知，本文主要探討了人工智能、太空探索以及后人類時代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行動，并強調科學需要與價值觀相結合所以“人類的未來：人工智能能拯救我們嗎？”提出問題，引發(fā)讀者的閱讀興趣，適合作為文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowYourBrainDeceivesYouYourbrainpossessessomeincredibleabilities,fromrecallingconversationswithclosefriendstotacklingcomplexmathproblemswithease.16Attimes,itmayevenoverlookcriticalinformation,resultinginerrorsthatcouldbebadforyourwell-beingorhealth.17Oneofthebiggestshortcomingsofyourbrainisthatitcangetlazy.Whentryingtosolveaproblemormakeadecision,yourmindoftenfallsbackonsolutionsthathaveworkedinthepast.Whileusingshortcutscanbeausefulandeffectiveapproach,theycanalsotripyouupandcauseyoutomakemistakes.Forexample,maybeyou’reterrifiedofflyingbecauseyoucanthinkofseveraltragic,high-profileplanecrashes.Inreality,travelingbyairismuchsaferthantravelingbycar.18Moreover,yourbrainmightfailtodetectsignificantchangesoccurringinyoursurroundings,aphenomenonreferredtoaschangeblindness.19—otherwise,itwillgetoverwhelmed.Seeminglynotlikeahugeproblem,itcanhavemajorconsequencesaccordingtosomeresearch.Forexample,peoplewhohavejobslikeairtrafficcontrolcanmakepotentiallydisastrouserrorsasaresultofchangeblindness.20Intheprocess,wetwistrealitytoprotectourself-esteem—inotherwords,wedon’twanttoownupwhenwemessup.Whydoweparticipateintheblamegame?Researchersbelieveit’stosafeguardourself-esteemandshieldourselvesfromthefearoffailure.Whenadoptingthismindset,weattributenegativeoutcomestofactorsbeyondourcontrol.A.Yourbrainhastoprioritizewhatitpaysattentionto.B.Butitisnotthatperfectandopentoimperfections.C.Thisrealizationcancarryyouthroughsomeunnecessaryerrors.D.However,youcanavoidsomeoftheseerrorsbyacquiringabetterunderstandingofthem.E.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatyourbrainisincapableofprocessingallinformationatthethesametime.F.Whensomethinggoeswrong,yourbraininstinctivelyseekssomeoneorsomethingtoholdresponsible.G.However,yourbrainisusingamentalshortcuttofoolyouintobelievingflyingismoredangerousthanitis.〖答案〗16.B17.D18.G19.A20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要討論了大腦的一些不足之處，如傾向于使用過去解決問題的方法、對周圍環(huán)境變化的忽視以及責任推卸等。文章〖提示〗讀者通過了解這些錯誤，可以避免它們帶來的影響?！?6題詳析】上文“Yourbrainpossessessomeincredibleabilities,fromrecallingconversationswithclosefriendstotacklingcomplexmathproblemswithease.(你的大腦擁有一些不可思議的能力，從回憶與密友的對話到輕松解決復雜的數(shù)學問題)”說明大腦具備一些不可思議的能力，以及下文“Attimes,itmayevenoverlookcriticalinformation,resultinginerrorsthatcouldbebadforyourwell-beingorhealth.(有時，它甚至可能忽略關鍵信息，導致可能對您的健康或幸福不利的錯誤)”說明大腦也可能忽略關鍵信息，導致問題的出現(xiàn)，B項“但它并不是那么完美，對不完美開放。”與上文形成轉折關系，并引出下文，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】上文“Attimes,itmayevenoverlookcriticalinformation,resultinginerrorsthatcouldbebadforyourwell-beingorhealth.(有時，它甚至可能忽略關鍵信息，導致可能對您的健康或幸福不利的錯誤)”說明大腦有時會導致問題的出現(xiàn)，D項errors與上文中的errors為復現(xiàn)詞，D項“但是，通過更好地了解這些錯誤，您可以避免其中一些錯誤?！迸c上文形成轉折關系，引出下文各段落的內容，符合題意。故選D?！?8題詳析】上文“Forexample,maybeyou’reterrifiedofflyingbecauseyoucanthinkofseveraltragic,high-profileplanecrashes.Inreality,travelingbyairismuchsaferthantravelingbycar.(例如，也許你害怕飛行，因為你能想到幾起悲劇，高調的飛機失事。事實上，乘飛機旅行比開車旅行安全得多)”以乘坐飛機為例，說明大腦的缺點之一是它會變得懶惰，思維模式會回到過去行之有效的解決方案上，G項中flying是關鍵詞，G項“然而，你的大腦正在使用一種心理捷徑來欺騙你，讓你相信飛行比實際更危險?！闭f明上文現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因，符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“Moreover,yourbrainmightfailtodetectsignificantchangesoccurringinyoursurroundings,aphenomenonreferredtoaschangeblindness.(此外，你的大腦可能無法檢測到周圍環(huán)境發(fā)生的重大變化，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為變化盲)”說明大腦無法檢測周圍環(huán)境發(fā)生的重大變化這一現(xiàn)象，A項“你的大腦必須優(yōu)先考慮它所關注的事情?！闭f明上文現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因，并引出下文“otherwise,itwillgetoverwhelmed.(否則，它將不堪重負)”的結果，符合題意。故選A?！?0題詳析】下文“Intheprocess,wetwistrealitytoprotectourself-esteem—inotherwords,wedon’twanttoownupwhenwemessup.Whydoweparticipateintheblamegame?Researchersbelieveit’stosafeguardourself-esteemandshieldourselvesfromthefearoffailure.(在這個過程中，我們歪曲現(xiàn)實來保護我們的自尊——換句話說，當我們陷入困境時，我們不想承認。我們?yōu)槭裁匆獏⑴c指責游戲？研究人員認為，這是為了保護我們的自尊，保護自己免受失敗的恐懼)”說明我們會指責其他人，以保護自己的自尊，保護自己免受失敗的恐懼，F(xiàn)項“當事情出錯時，你的大腦會本能地尋找某人或某事來承擔責任。”說明事情出錯時，大腦的本能反應，引出下文這一過程出現(xiàn)的原因，符合題意。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Abunchofbrilliantyellowflowerswasdedicatedtomymother.Shewasamazedatitsshapeandsomethingbeyonddescriptionbutherpassioneventually21.Itdidn’tmatteralotthatbothmyparentshatedthe22oftheseflowersinthelawn.Ithoughttheyweregorgeous!Andtherewereanoceanofthem!Wespenthourspickingtheflowersandthenpoppingtheblossomsoffwithasnapofourfingers.Butthesupplyofdandelions(蒲公英)never23.Myfatherorbrotherswouldcutoffalltheheadswiththelawnmower(割草機)atleastonceaweek,butthatdidn’t24thesehardywonders.Andforthoseflowersthatescapedthehonorofbeing25tomymotherorthedestinytobekilledbythelawnmower,therewasanother26ofexistence.Thesoftroundnessofadandeliongonetoseedcausedendlesslaughterofdelightaswe27spreadthisfloweracrosstheyard.AsIworkedinmygardenlastweek,pullingunwantedweedsoutofthespacethatwouldbecomeanidealplacefortomatoes,com,peasandsunflowers,Iagain28attheflowerthatsomecallaweed.AndIthought,IhopeIhadthe29ofadandelion.IfonlyIcouldstretchmyrootssodeepandstraightthatsomethingtuggingonmystem(莖)couldn’t30mecompletelyfromthesourcethatfeedsmelife.IfonlyIcouldcomebacktofacetheworldwithabright,sunshinyfaceaftersomeonehasrunmeoverwitha31orworse,purposelyattackedmeinanattempttodestroyme.IfonlyIcouldspreadloveandencouragementasfreelyandfullyasthisflowerspreadsseedsofitself.Thelawnsatmyparents’homearenowbeautifulgreenblankets.Theonlypatchesofcolorcomefromwell-placedand32flowerbeds.Chemicalshavemanagedtokillwhathuman33couldn’t.IhopeyouandIcanbe34.Ihopethatwecanstretchourrootsdeepenoughthatthestrongestpoisoncan’treachour35.Ihopethatwecanovercomethepoisonsofanger,fear,hate,criticismandcompetitiveness.21.A.altered B.faded C.remained D.uplifted22.A.presence B.absence C.survival D.revival23.A.pulledup B.settleddown C.gotacross D.ranout24.A.distract B.destroy C.trouble D.restore25.A.hand-washed B.hand-written C.hand-delivered D.hand-crafted26.A.dimension B.addiction C.anticipation D.exception27.A.conventionally B.suspiciously C.deliberately D.unconsciously28.A.grabbed B.yelled C.marveled D.laughed29.A.productivity B.perseverance C.inclusiveness D.effectiveness30.A.separate B.discourage C.defend D.forbid31.A.vehicle B.pesticide C.lawnmower D.dandelion32.A.multi-tasked B.self-supporting C.well-controlled D.water-washing33.A.evolution B.interference C.preservation D.enhancement34.A.immersive B.conventional C.superior D.different35.A.souls B.deadlines C.fields D.targets〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.C2