PAGE十Unit4ReadingandThinkingⅠ.依據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確的單詞1.Asthey’rehandmade,eachonevaries(不同)slightly.2.Thecourseisapproved(批準(zhǔn))bytheDepartmentforEducation.3.Thepolicehadtoemploy(實(shí)行)forcetoenterthebuilding.4.ThecourierknowsGreek,sohewillinterpret(口譯)forus.5.Medicalopiniondiffers(相異)astohowtotreatthedisease.6.Becausethetownsitsinavalley(山谷),airpollutionisnoteasilymissing.7.HesangandAliceaccompanied(為……伴奏)himonthepiano.8.Butrememberthatreturnthefavour(幫助,恩惠)whenheorsheneedsyourhelp.9.Thedemonstratorsbrokethroughheavypolicebarriers(關(guān)卡).10.Thecompanieswithreliable(牢靠的)quality,perfectservice,reasonablepricewinthetrustofnewandoldcustomers.Ⅱ.選詞填空makeinferences,breakdown,bycomparison,bycontrast,differin,doafavour,kisssb.onthecheek,getthrough,shakeone’shead,lookdown1.Theydifferinsizebutnotinkind.

2.ShehadbeenwaitingforSimontobreakdownthebarrierbetweenthem.

3.Iamnotgoodatexpressingmyself.Bycontrast,Iambetteratthinkingindeed.

4.Myfatherkissedmeonthecheekbeforehewenttowork.

5.Heisalwaysreadytodoafavourforhisclassmates.

6.Thismightallowyoutomakeinferencesaboutacharacter’seducationalbackgroundandupbringing.

7.Bycomparison,thishousehastheadvantageoflowpriceandthathousehastheadvantageofconvenienttransportation.

8.Helookeddownsothatsheshouldnotseehiseyes.

9.Ifyougetthroughataskoranamountofwork,especiallywhenitisdifficult,youcompleteit.

10.Inatypicalfashion,hewouldclosehiseyes,makealongsighslowlyandshakehishead.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Icanthinkofnothingbetterthananicecoldbeeronahotsummerafternoon.

在夏季燥熱的下午,我想不出什么東西比一杯冰涼可口的啤酒更好。2.Ithasbeendemonstratedthatthisdrugiseffective.

這藥已被證明是有效的。3.Herdressisalmostidenticaltomine.

她的連衣裙和我的幾乎一模一樣。Ⅰ.閱讀理解ACommunicatingeffectivelymeansmorethanknowingwhattosayandwhentosayit.Communicationinvolvesthesubtlesignalsyourbodylanguagesendstothosewhoarewatching.Herearesomecommonbodyactionsandtheimpressionstheycreate:·Fiddling(好動)—Playingwithyourwatchorapenlookslikeyou’reboredorimpatient.·Clockwatching—Itlookslikeyou’retomoveontosomethingelse.·Tapping—Tappingyourfeetorfingerssuggestsyouareimpatientornervous.·Staring—Anunblinking(不擠眼的)stareconveysthreateningorviolentbehaviour.·Legscrossedorbodyhunched(弓背,聳肩)—Closingupyourbodyprofile—becomingsmaller—lookslikeyoulackconfidence.·Armscrossed—Ifyoukeepyourarmsfoldedduringcommunication,youappeartobedefendingyourselfagainsttheothers.·Touchingyourface—Whenyouhaveyourhandinfrontofyourmouth,youappearveryshy.·Rubbingyournose,lookingaway—Peoplewhoarelyingoftenrubtheirnoseorlookawaywhenspeaking.·Noeyecontact—Ifyouwon’tlooktheotherspeakerintheeye,youseemtohavelowinterestoralackofconfidence.(Don’tforgetstaringabove.)Howyoucommunicatewithyourbodylanguageisjustasimportantaswhatyousay.Watchyourbodylanguageandcontroltheunconsciousmessagesyoumightbesending.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。有效的溝通不僅僅意味著知道說什么和什么時候說。溝通包括你的肢體語言向他人發(fā)送的微妙信號。文章介紹了一些常見的身體動作和它們給人的印象以及限制你的肢體語言的重要性。1.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedineffectivecommunication?A.Knowingwhattosay.B.Sendingunconsciousmessagestootherpeople.C.Sayingtherightthingattherighttime.D.Gettinginformationfromtheotherspeaker’sbodylanguage.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知,有效的溝通不僅僅意味著知道說什么和什么時候說。溝通包括你的肢體語言向他人發(fā)送的微妙信號。所以,向他人發(fā)送無意識的信息不是有效的溝通。故選B。2.Whichofthefollowingpeoplelooksshyaccordingtothepassage?【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中的Touchingyourface—Whenyouhaveyourhandinfrontofyourmouth,youappearveryshy.可知,摸臉——當(dāng)你把手放在嘴邊時,你會顯得很羞澀。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)照片可知,C項(xiàng)圖片中的人看起來羞澀。故選C。3.Ifyouwanttoshowconfidencewhencommunicating,youshould______.

A.crossyourlegsorhunchyourbodyB.avoiddirecteyecontactC.looktheotherspeakerintheeyeD.keeptouchingyourface【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中的Noeyecontact—Ifyouwon’tlooktheotherspeakerintheeye,youseemtohavelowinterestoralackofconfidence.可知,沒有眼神溝通——假如你不看說話人的眼睛,你會顯得愛好低或缺乏自信。所以,假如你想在溝通時表現(xiàn)出自信,你應(yīng)當(dāng)看著對方的眼睛。故選C。4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtomakeagoodimpressiononothersB.Canyoureadbodylanguage?C.ControlyourbodylanguageforeffectivecommunicationD.Howtosendeffectiveinformationthroughbodylanguage【解析】選C。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段及最終一段可知,文章主要介紹了一些常見的身體動作和它們給人的印象以及限制你的肢體語言的重要性。所以,“限制你的肢體語言以達(dá)到有效的溝通”適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。B(2024·長沙高二檢測)Signlanguage,theprimaryformofcommunicationofthedeafcommunity,hasbeeninuseforhundredsofyears.You’reprobablymostfamiliarwithAmericanSignLanguage,butsignlanguageisusedallovertheworldandhasnearly150variations.Signlanguageinterpreterscanbeseeneverywherefromclassroomsandgraduationceremoniestomajorsportingevents.Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.However,handsareonlyoneofthemanydifferentbodylanguagetechniquesthatsignersusetogettheirmeaningacross.Infact,muchofthegrammaticalstructureofsignlanguageisnotindicatedbythesigner’shands.Whilethehandsareresponsibleforformingthewordsthemselves,markerscalled“non-manualelements”controlmuchofthelanguages’grammaticalstructure.Non-manualelements(ormarkers)arebodylanguagetechniquesthatdon’tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.Usedtogetherwiththesigns,theseelementsgivesignlanguageasubtleandextremelycomplicatedgrammaticalstructure.LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.Thestudyassessedjusthowmanydifferentthingsnon-manualelementscando.Forthisstudy,allparticipantsweredeafusersofAustrianSignLanguage.Theywatchedavideoofsomeoneusingsignlanguage,andtheyhadtodescribethepurposeofeachnon-manualelement.Theresultswereverycomplicated.Forinstance,thingsassubtleasthedirectionofthesigner’sgazecanindicatewhetherornotastatementishypothetical(假設(shè)的).Asingleheadmovementcanindicatetheemotionofastatement,orasigner’sfeelingstowardahypotheticalquestion.Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence!【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。手語是聾人溝通的主要形式,已經(jīng)運(yùn)用了數(shù)百年。然而,手勢只是手語者用來表達(dá)意思的多種肢體語言中的一種。本文主要介紹了非手動元素對手語運(yùn)用者的重要性。5.Whatdosignersusetheirhandstodomostly?A.Toknowpeople’swordsandletters.B.Tounderstandpeople’smeanings.C.Toformthegrammaticalstructure.D.Toformwordsandletters.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.”可知,當(dāng)你想到手語時,你很可能會想到手語者用他們的手來組成單詞和字母。故選D。6.Whatdonon-manualelementsinclude?A.Words,signlanguageandbodylanguage.B.Headmovements,bodylanguageandsigns.C.Headmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.D.Bodypositioning,facialexpressionsandsigns.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次、三句可知,非手動元素(或標(biāo)記)是不運(yùn)用手的肢體語言技術(shù)。這些動作包括頭部動作、身體姿態(tài)和面部表情。所以,非手動元素包括頭部動作、身體姿態(tài)和面部表情。故選C。7.Whatdoesthestudyshowaboutsignlanguage?A.Themainfunctionofthenon-manualelements.B.Theimportanceofthenon-manualelements.C.Theinfluenceofbodylanguageonsignlanguage.D.Theinfluenceofsignlanguageonbodylanguage.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句“LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.”可知,來自奧地利Alpcn-Adria高校的語言學(xué)家AndreaLackner做了一項(xiàng)探討,表明白這些非手動元素對手語運(yùn)用者的重要性。故選B。8.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.Non-manualElementsCountsinSignLanguageB.WaystoAvoidBeingMisunderstoodC.GrammaticalElementsinSignLanguageD.TheImportanceofSignLanguage【解析】選A。主旨大意題。依據(jù)本文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要論述了非手動元素對手語運(yùn)用者的重要性。所以,非手動元素在手語中很重要,A項(xiàng)最符合文意。故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·紹興高二檢測)ThankstoTVshowslikeLietoMeandso-calledbodylanguageexpertscommentingonthecandidatesduringtheAmericanelectionseason,anumberofmisunderstandingsaboutbodylanguagehavebecomepartofmodernculture.It’stimetoclearthedecks.Soheregoes:somesurprisingtruthsaboutbodylanguage.Muchofwhattheexpertstellyouaboutbodylanguageiswrong.1Actually,gesturescanmeanmanythings.IfIcrossmyarms,Imaybesignalingmydefensiveness,butImayalsofeelcold,tiredorjustgettingcomfortable.What’smore,Icouldbesignalingallthosethingsatonce.2First,thepressureonexperts.TheyhavetosounddefinitiveandgiveinstantanalysesforTVinanimpatientworldmoreinterestedinsoundbitesthantruth.Second,thehistoryofthestudyofbodylanguage.Soit’snaturalforsomeoneinthisfieldtolookatalltherestofgesturingwithabias(偏見)towardspecificmeanings.

3Bythetimemostofusareadults,we’velearnedtomaskourtruefeelingsbecausewehavetogetalongatwork,athome,andinsocialsettings.Sowepretendtobeinterested,wepretendtosmile,weassumeacalmexpressionwhenwe’reactuallydelighted.

Butthefacedoessometimesgiveawayourstrongestfeelings.Youcanlearntoreadwhatarecalledmicro-expressions—suddenappearancesoftrueemotionthroughthemaskoftheface—withsometraining.4

Toreadbodylanguageaccurately,don’tthinkaboutit.Wehumanshavemirrorneurons(神經(jīng)元)inourbrainsthatfirewhenourunconscious(無意識的)mindsregisteranemotioninsomeoneelse,thenwecanshareitandunderstandit.5Whenweseefear,wereactinstantly,andunconsciously,inordertobereadytotakequickactionifnecessary.Thatunconsciousexpertiseisyourbestsupportinreadingotherpeople’sbodylanguage,becauseyoualreadyknowwhat’sgoingon.Sojustturntoyourunconsciousmindforreliableinformationaboutotherpeople’semotionalintention.

Let’sstartpayingattentiontoyourownexpertise;that’swheretherealbodylanguageinsightswillcomefrom.A.Themisunderstandingcomesfromtwosources.B.Thefaceisapoorplacetostartreadingbodylanguage.C.Thisspecialskillisanimportantpartofourabilitytosurviveasaspecies.D.Andtheytypicallyshowupwhenwe’retryingtohideaverystrongfeeling.E.Thebiggestmisunderstandingisthatspecificgestureshavespecificmeanings.F.You’remuchbetteratreadingthebodylanguageofpeopleyouknowthananyexpert.G.Yourbodyconstantlyscansyoursurroundingsandotherpeoplewithyourunconsciousmind.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明白專家給出的許多關(guān)于肢體語言的信息都是錯誤的。建議要精確地解讀肢體語言,求助于潛意識,獲得關(guān)于他人情感意圖的牢靠信息。1.【解析】選E。依據(jù)上文Muchofwhattheexpertstellyouaboutbodylanguageiswrong.可知,專家告知你的許多關(guān)于肢體語言的信息都是錯誤的。所以,本句承接上文接著說明這些錯誤信息有哪些。選項(xiàng)E中提到的“最大的誤會是,特定的手勢有特定的含義”符合上下文語境。故選E。2.【解析】選A。依據(jù)后文First,thepressureonexperts.(首先,專家的壓力)以及Second,thehistoryofthestudyofbodylanguage.(其次,肢體語言探討的歷史)可知是在說明誤會產(chǎn)生的兩個方面。故A選項(xiàng)“這個誤會來自兩個方面”符合上下文語境。故選A。3.【解析】選B。依據(jù)后文Sowepretendtobeinterested,wepretendtosmile,weassumeacalmexpressionwhenwe’reactuallydelighted.可知,從面部表情來解讀肢體語言并不精確,因?yàn)槿藗兊谋砬榭梢约傺b出來。故B選項(xiàng)“從面部表情起先解讀肢體語言是不合適的”符合上下文語境。故選B。4.【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文Butthefacedoessometimesgiveawayourstrongestfeelings.可知,當(dāng)我們試圖隱藏劇烈的感情時,臉上的一些表情會泄露我們的感情。所以選項(xiàng)D中提到的“當(dāng)我們試圖隱藏一種劇烈的感情時,它們通常會表現(xiàn)出來”符合上下文語境。故選D。5.【解析】選C。依據(jù)后文Whenweseefear,wereactinstantly,andunconsciously,inordertobereadytotakequickactionifnecessary.可知,當(dāng)我們看到恐驚時,我們會馬上和無意識地做出反應(yīng),以便在必要時能快速實(shí)行行動。結(jié)合上文中提到的我們的大腦中有鏡像神經(jīng)元可知,當(dāng)我們無意識的大腦記錄下別人的心情時,它們就會啟動。所以選項(xiàng)C中的“這種特別的技能是我們作為一個物種生存實(shí)力的重要組成部分”符合上下文語境。故選C。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·泰安高二檢測)AtDaytonSchool,onestudenthasinspiredabigchangetothecurriculum.Moreyistheschool’sfirst1student.Theschool2theopportunitytoteachallthestudentssomesignlanguagesoastomakeherfeel3.

Nowthewallsofhallsarelinedwiththelanguageposters,andstudentshavelearnedhowto4morethan20wordsrelatedtoschool.“5Moreycametoourschool,”saidschoolPrincipalSampietro,“ourstudentsknewlittleaboutthecultureofsignlanguage.”Theschoolinstalled(安裝)ahearingsystemand6anextrateachertoreceivespecialtraininginputtingsignlanguageintoeveryclass.Meanwhile,manyteachersbeganusingtheirfreetimeto7signlanguagevideosandreadbooksonspecial8soastohelpotherpossibledisabledstudentsinthefuture.Theclassarealsogettingsome9fromMorey:“Moreyhelpedallofthemto10thealphabet,”Sampietrosaid.

Torewardthestudents’hard11,theschoolinvitedthesingerCinderellawhoknowssignlanguagetocometosingforthestudentsand12herstoriesaboutfriendshipstartingfromsignlanguage.“Moststudentsintheschoolhadnot13otherpeoplewithahearingdisability,”saidPrincipalSampietro.“Wewantedourstudentsto14thisisn’tsomethingtheycan15speakwithMorey.”

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。Dayton學(xué)校一個特別的學(xué)生Morey給這個學(xué)校的課程帶來了巨大的變更,因?yàn)镸orey聽不見,全校師生起先學(xué)習(xí)手語,老師們也起先學(xué)習(xí)針對有殘疾的孩子的特別教化,大家讓Morey感到受歡迎,他也讓大家有機(jī)會學(xué)會一種新的語言,作為嘉獎,歌手Cinderella也被邀請來學(xué)校共享了類似的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。1.A.female B.blindC.deaf D.foreign【解析】選C。依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)其次句中的“withahearingdisability”有聽力障礙等內(nèi)容可知,學(xué)生起先學(xué)習(xí)“signlanguage”手語,所以Morey是這個學(xué)校第一個有聽力障礙的學(xué)生。故選C。2.A.refused B.missedC.ignored D.took【解析】選D。依據(jù)“toteachallthestudentssomesignlanguage”可知,學(xué)校想要借此機(jī)會教學(xué)生手語,可以推斷是抓住機(jī)會。taketheopportunity意為“抓住機(jī)會”,是固定短語。故選D。3.A.welcome B.excitedC.anxious D.puzzled【解析】選A。依據(jù)內(nèi)容可知,學(xué)校教學(xué)生手語,使Morey能適應(yīng)學(xué)校的生活,從而使她感到受歡迎。故選A。4.A.hug B.kissC.shake D.