限時練習(xí)：40min完成時間：____月____日天氣：寒假作業(yè)11完形填空完形填空解題方法：1.細(xì)研首句定主旨完形填空首句一般不設(shè)空，這是為了給學(xué)生提供一個清晰而完整的背景。記敘文首句往往介紹事件發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物和起因等細(xì)節(jié)信息，說明文和議論文一般通過文章首句點(diǎn)明全文的主題。仔細(xì)分析文章的首句,往往能獲取許多解題信息，從而節(jié)省做題時間。研讀首句確定文章體裁和題材找文章起點(diǎn)背景和主要內(nèi)容鎖定關(guān)鍵詞,獲取解題信息2.前瞻后望重語境完形填空題主要考查學(xué)生對語境的理解能力，所以空處的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。學(xué)生在做題時，一定要從整體上把握文章的內(nèi)容，弄清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系。前瞻后望聯(lián)系空處與上下文語境需“前瞻”下文或最后的題目從上文中尋線索需“后望”開頭的題目從下文中尋線索需“前瞻后望”中間的題目從上下文中尋線索 3.熟詞生義要重視一詞多義和熟詞生義是近幾年中考完形填空中多次出現(xiàn)的詞匯活用現(xiàn)象,這往往也是考生容易忽視的地方。備考時應(yīng)注意單詞本義以及根據(jù)詞根推斷單詞的生僻意義。 熟詞生義注意積累熟詞生義詞匯結(jié)合熟詞生義和語境判斷正確選項(xiàng)如對選項(xiàng)不把握，可結(jié)合排除法和語法知識縮小范圍，提高正確率基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（A）Onceuponatime,therewasaverybadman.Whenhesawpeople___1___happily,hebecameangry.Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike“please”and“thanks”.___2___,hedidn’tusesentenceslike“Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?”Hethoughtallthekindandpolitewordswereuseless.Sohe___3___withaplan.Hedecidedtoinventa___4___whichcouldstealwords.Withthismachine,hewouldbeabletosteal“excuseme”,“please”,“thanks”,“sorry”,and___5___wordswhichpeopleusedtobepolite.Finally,hemadeit.Whenpeoplesaidkindandpolitewords,nothingcameout.Allthosewordswerestolenbythe“bad”machine.Itseemedthatpeoplereallydidn’tneedtobepolite.However,afterafewdays,everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegot___6___easily.Thebadmanwasgladabouthis___7___.However,thereweresome“special”girls.Theywereunableto___8___,sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage（手語）.Theywere___9___kindandpolitebecausethe“bad”machinecouldn’tstealgestures(手勢).Soonthey___10___whathadbeenhappeningtoeveryoneelse.Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe“bad”machineandbrokeit.Afterthat,peoplebegantosaykindandpolitewordsagain.1．A．fallingdown B．passingby C．givingup D．takingout2．A．Especially B．Luckily C．Normally D．Suddenly3．A．cameout B．cameup C．cameon D．camein4．A．car B．box C．motor D．machine5．A．similar B．different C．easy D．difficult6．A．bored B．nervous C．a(chǎn)ngry D．sad7．A．performance B．shame C．business D．success8．A．see B．speak C．walk D．write9．A．still B．a(chǎn)lready C．a(chǎn)lmost D．hardly10．A．repeated B．a(chǎn)dmired C．realized D．a(chǎn)ccepted（B）Whiletravelingtobigcitiesintheworld,youwillseestatuesofthousandsofcharacters___11___inthestreets.Doyoubelievethattheyareactuallyrealpeopleworkingas___12___artists?Theyoftencoverthemselves___13___withpaint.Theyhavetostandstill(靜止的)andkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.Streetartistsneedtobestrong-mindedand___14___.Itisnotaneasyjob,butthere’splentyoffun___15___them.YorgeisoneofthemostfamousstreetartistsinBrazil.Hestandsout___16___hispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.WhenYorgegoestowork,Jaspe___17___onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.Mostpeopleare___18___bytheirperfectworktogether.

However,thepaironcegotintotrouble.SomeanimalloversthoughtthatYorgeforcedhisdogtogivea___19___inthestreet.Infact,Yorge____20____trainedJaspeatall.Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.Nowitisreallypopularinmanylargecitiesaroundtheworld.11．A．walking B．singing C．standing D．dancing12．A．language B．genius C．paint D．street13．A．clearly B．completely C．suddenly D．correctly14．A．patient B．a(chǎn)ctive C．bright D．honest15．A．of B．a(chǎn)s C．for D．on16．A．thanksto B．insteadof C．besides D．without17．A．plays B．eats C．rests D．a(chǎn)nswers18．A．encouraged B．disappointed C．refused D．surprised19．A．lecture B．performance C．report D．hand20．A．seldom B．sometimes C．never D．often（C）Haveyoueverdreamedofbecomingamarine(海洋的)scientist?Ifyouhave,youmightneedto____21____fortripstoAntarctica(南極洲)!RobKingisamarinebiologistfromAustralia.He____22____Antarctickrill(磷蝦).Eachyear,hedoesresearchintheworld’s____23____place—Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround.InJanuary,hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which____24____39days.“Eachyearwe____25____freshsamples(樣本)ofAntarctickrillandbringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia,’’saidKing.“Thiswaywecandolong-termresearch,notonlyonkrillbuton____26____thatcanliveforseveralyears.”Littlekrill____27____abigroleinthemarinefoodchain(鏈條).Theyeatphytoplankton(浮游植物),whiletheyareeatenbyfish,squid,seabirds,penguins,sealsandwhales.AccordingtoKing,Antarctickrillare____28____importantforscientistsbecausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthanotheranimals.However,asclimatechange____29____theSouthernOceanandthetemperatureishigherandhigher,theareaforkrilltoliveandgrowisreducing.“Ourresearchtriestobetterunderstandtheeffectsofclimatechangeonkrill,”saidKing.KingsaidoneofthehighlightsinhiscareerwastravelingtoAntarctica.“TripstoAntarcticaareusuallyonetothreemonthslong,”hesaid.“Beforesettingout,wewouldhavesome____30____,includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam.It’sreallyagreatexperienceformetoseethebeautyoftheenvironmentthere.”21．A．care B．send C．prepare D．call22．A．studies B．increases C．discovers D．develops23．A．best B．coldest C．hottest D．worst24．A．collected B．lasted C．moved D．offered25．A．putout B．giveaway C．takeafter D．lookfor26．A．ice B．waste C．water D．a(chǎn)nimals27．A．take B．play C．carry D．make28．A．especially B．lightly C．completely D．hardly29．A．protects B．understands C．cools D．warms30．A．communication B．objects C．training D．magic能力提升練閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（A）（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Katiesaidgoodbyetoherparentsatthefrontdooroftheircandyshopastheydroveoffforavacation,andKatie___1___she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp.AuntMariadidn’thaveanyexperienceonbusiness,butsheisalwayscalled“___2___”.AsMariablewintothestore,shesaid,“Allright,Katiemylove,let’sgetthispartystarted.”Katietookherauntovertowherethefamilymadetheirowncandy,suchasfreshfudge(軟糖).AuntMaria___3___apieceofchocolatefudge.“Hmm,”shesaid.“It’sgood,butnot___4___.Wecanaddsomethingtomakethatbasictasteexciting.”BeforeKatiecould___5___whatMariameant,thewomanhadgonetothekitchen.Katieheardherwalkingaround,openingdrawersandthefridge.Thenshecamebackwithherhandsfullofthings.She___6___themontheworksurfacewithahappytune(小調(diào)).“Brusselssprouts(甘藍(lán))?”Katiegaveheraunta___7___look.Shecouldn’tbeserious!Butshewas.Thewoman’shandswerebusy___8___thegreenvegetablesandthenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge.Katie’seyesgrewwideasshewatchedherauntmixthemtogether.Katie___9___asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang,announcingsome____10____.Threeboyscamein.“I’llhavestrawberryfudge,please,”saidthefirstboy.“Oh,how____11____,”laughedMaria.“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew!Trythis!”SheofferedtheboystheBrusselssproutfudge.“It’sfree!____12____!”Surprised,buttoopoliteto____13____,theboysleftwiththefudge.“Theregoourcustomers.Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis,andnobodywillwanttoshophere!”Katiesaidtoherself.Shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Herparentsweregoingtobe____14____.Thesoundofthebellwokeherupfromher____15____.Theboyswereback!Butthistimetherewasacrowdofkidscomingintothestorewiththem.“GivemetwopiecesofBrusselssproutfudge,please.”1．A．promised B．remembered C．pretended D．checked2．A．friendly B．creative C．honest D．lucky3．A．noticed B．bought C．made D．tried4．A．soft B．sweet C．smooth D．special5．A．believe B．change C．question D．explain6．A．stuck B．left C．spread D．swept7．A．strange B．fresh C．black D．hungry8．A．washing B．weighing C．cutting D．cooking9．A．movedon B．lookedup C．brokedown D．cameover10．A．clerks B．policemen C．customers D．businessmen11．A．expensive B．cheap C．funny D．boring12．A．Stay B．Enjoy C．Go D．Help13．A．a(chǎn)ccept B．a(chǎn)rgue C．eat D．order14．A．mad B．calm C．relaxed D．silent15．A．mistakes B．memories C．plans D．thoughts（B）（2021·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oneday,afarmerwaslookingforawatersourceforhisfarm.So,hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell（水井）tohim.Hisneighbor__16__.Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.Buttheneighborwasacunning（狡猾的）man.Thenextday,asthefarmercametogetwaterfromhiswell,hisneighborcameand__17__tolethimtakeanywater.Thefarmerwas__18__.Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater?Ialreadyboughtthewell__19__you.”Theneighborreplied,“Isoldyouthewellnotthewater.”Thefarmerwenttotheemperorto_20_

justice（公正）.Heexplainedwhathadhappened.TheemperorcalledonBirbal,his__21__courtier（朝臣）.Birbalaskedthe__22__,“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”Theneighbor__23__,

“Ididsellthewelltothefarmer,butnotthewaterinit.Therefore,hehasnorighttogetwaterfromthewell.”Birbalaskedthemtocomelater.Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor,“Look,youare__24__right,andyousoldthewellnotthewater.__25__yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.Nowyouhavetwo__26__:Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer__27__takeitoutimmediately.”Theneighborrealizedthathisplanhad__28__.Hesaid__29__tothefarmerandwenthomequickly.Cheatingwillnotgetyou__30__.Ifyoucheat,youwillpaysoonenough.16．A．believed B．laughed C．prevented D．a(chǎn)greed17．A．refused B．a(chǎn)voided C．complained D．offered18．A．stupid B．surprised C．excited D．interested19．A．with B．for C．from D．to20．A．a(chǎn)skfor B．waitfor C．lookfor D．payfor21．A．oldest B．closest C．wisest D．busiest22．A．farmer B．neighbor C．emperor D．courtier23．A．replied B．doubted C．a(chǎn)sked D．ordered24．A．carefully B．wisely C．especially D．completely25．A．Since B．Though C．Unless D．Before26．A．decisions B．choices C．methods D．directions27．A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．or D．nor28．A．succeeded B．finished C．failed D．changed29．A．no B．hello C．thanks D．sorry30．A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything知識小結(jié)本專題內(nèi)容的訓(xùn)練能夠幫助同學(xué)們掌握完形填空的解題方法，提高同學(xué)們的解題能力。請重點(diǎn)掌握以下常用方法：1.說明文和議論文一般通過文章首句點(diǎn)明全文的主題。2.注意積累熟詞生義詞匯，結(jié)合熟詞生義和語境判斷正確選項(xiàng)。如：well*很好地adv.*健康的adj.*水井n.*涌出v.

寒假作業(yè)11完形填空（解析版）基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（A）Onceuponatime,therewasaverybadman.Whenhesawpeople___1___happily,hebecameangry.Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike“please”and“thanks”.___2___,hedidn’tusesentenceslike“Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?”Hethoughtallthekindandpolitewordswereuseless.Sohe___3___withaplan.Hedecidedtoinventa___4___whichcouldstealwords.Withthismachine,hewouldbeabletosteal“excuseme”,“please”,“thanks”,“sorry”,and___5___wordswhichpeopleusedtobepolite.Finally,hemadeit.Whenpeoplesaidkindandpolitewords,nothingcameout.Allthosewordswerestolenbythe“bad”machine.Itseemedthatpeoplereallydidn’tneedtobepolite.However,afterafewdays,everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegot___6___easily.Thebadmanwasgladabouthis___7___.However,thereweresome“special”girls.Theywereunableto___8___,sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage（手語）.Theywere___9___kindandpolitebecausethe“bad”machinecouldn’tstealgestures(手勢).Soonthey___10___whathadbeenhappeningtoeveryoneelse.Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe“bad”machineandbrokeit.Afterthat,peoplebegantosaykindandpolitewordsagain.1．A．fallingdown B．passingby C．givingup D．takingout2．A．Especially B．Luckily C．Normally D．Suddenly3．A．cameout B．cameup C．cameon D．camein4．A．car B．box C．motor D．machine5．A．similar B．different C．easy D．difficult6．A．bored B．nervous C．a(chǎn)ngry D．sad7．A．performance B．shame C．business D．success8．A．see B．speak C．walk D．write9．A．still B．a(chǎn)lready C．a(chǎn)lmost D．hardly10．A．repeated B．a(chǎn)dmired C．realized D．a(chǎn)ccepted【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．D5．A6．C7．D8．B9．A10．C【主旨】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了人們堅持友善和禮貌的故事?！驹斀狻?．句意：當(dāng)他看到人們高興地經(jīng)過時，他生氣了。fallingdown跌倒；passingby路過；givingup放棄；takingout獲得。由上句“Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother,sayingwordslike‘please’and‘thanks’”可知，此處表示“看到人們經(jīng)過的時候”。故選B。2．句意：通常，他不會說“打擾一下，你能告訴我怎么去書店嗎？”Especially特別地；Luckily幸運(yùn)地；Normally通常；Suddenly突然地。由上句“Whathehatedmostwaswhenpeoplewerepolitetoeachother”可知，他討厭人們講禮貌，此處表示“通?！薄９蔬xC。3．句意：所以他想出了一個計劃。cameout出來；cameup出現(xiàn)；cameon加油；camein進(jìn)來。comeupwith表示“想出、提出”，是固定搭配。故選B。4．句意：他決定發(fā)明一種能偷詞的機(jī)器。car汽車；box盒子；motor馬達(dá)；machine機(jī)器。由下文“Allthosewordswerestolenbythe‘bad’machine”可知，此處表示“機(jī)器”。故選D。5．句意：有了這臺機(jī)器，他就能偷出“對不起”“請”“謝謝”“對不起”以及類似的人們過去用來表示禮貌的詞語。similar相似的；different不同的；easy容易的；difficult困難的。由上句“excuseme”“please”“thanks”“sorry”可知，此處表示的都是禮貌用語，此處表示“相似的”。故選A。6．句意：然而，幾天后，每個人都開始與他人爭論，人們很容易生氣。bored無聊的；nervous緊張的；angry生氣的；sad難過的。由上文“begantoarguewithothers”可知，人們開始彼此爭吵，此處表示“容易生氣”。故選C。7．句意：這個壞男人為他的成功感到高興。performance表演；shame羞愧；business生意；success成功。由上句“everyonebegantoarguewithothersandpeoplegotangryeasily”可知，此時的人們彼此爭吵，男人認(rèn)為他的計劃成功了。故選D。8．句意：她們不會說話，所以她們只能用手語交流。see看見；speak說；walk走路；write寫。由后文“sotheyhadtocommunicatebyusingsignlanguage”可知，用手語交流，這里表示“不會說話”。故選B。9．句意：她們?nèi)匀缓苡焉?，很有禮貌，因?yàn)椤皦摹睓C(jī)器不會偷手勢。still仍然；already已經(jīng)；almost幾乎；hardly幾乎不。由后文“becausethe‘bad’machinecouldn’tstealgestures”可知，她們?nèi)耘f很友善。故選A。10．句意：很快她們就意識到其他人身上發(fā)生了什么。repeated重復(fù)；admired欣賞；realized意識到；accepted接受。由下文“Theyfollowedthebadman,foundthe‘bad’machineandbrokeit.”可知，她們意識到發(fā)生了什么，采取行動去破壞機(jī)器。故選C。（B）Whiletravelingtobigcitiesintheworld,youwillseestatuesofthousandsofcharacters___11___inthestreets.Doyoubelievethattheyareactuallyrealpeopleworkingas___12___artists?Theyoftencoverthemselves___13___withpaint.Theyhavetostandstill(靜止的)andkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.Streetartistsneedtobestrong-mindedand___14___.Itisnotaneasyjob,butthere’splentyoffun___15___them.YorgeisoneofthemostfamousstreetartistsinBrazil.Hestandsout___16___hispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.WhenYorgegoestowork,Jaspe___17___onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.Mostpeopleare___18___bytheirperfectworktogether.

However,thepaironcegotintotrouble.SomeanimalloversthoughtthatYorgeforcedhisdogtogivea___19___inthestreet.Infact,Yorge____20____trainedJaspeatall.Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.Nowitisreallypopularinmanylargecitiesaroundtheworld.11．A．walking B．singing C．standing D．dancing12．A．language B．genius C．paint D．street13．A．clearly B．completely C．suddenly D．correctly14．A．patient B．a(chǎn)ctive C．bright D．honest15．A．of B．a(chǎn)s C．for D．on16．A．thanksto B．insteadof C．besides D．without17．A．plays B．eats C．rests D．a(chǎn)nswers18．A．encouraged B．disappointed C．refused D．surprised19．A．lecture B．performance C．report D．hand20．A．seldom B．sometimes C．never D．often【答案】11．C12．D13．B14．A15．C16．A17．C18．D19．B20．C【主旨】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了街頭藝術(shù)家。【詳解】11．句意：當(dāng)你去世界上的大城市旅行時，你會看到成千上萬的人物雕像站在街道上。walking步行；singing唱歌；standing站立；dancing跳舞。由下文“Theyhavetostandstillandkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.”可知，他們站在街頭。故選C。12．句意：你相信他們是真實(shí)存在的街頭藝術(shù)家嗎?language語言；genius天才；paint油料；street街頭。由下文“Streetartistsneedtobestrong-minded”可知，這里指“街頭藝術(shù)家”。故選D。13．句意：他們經(jīng)常全身涂滿顏料。clearly清晰地；completely徹底地；suddenly突然地；correctly正確地。由下文“Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.”可知，他們是“活雕像”，所以要全身涂滿顏料。故選B。14．句意：街頭藝術(shù)家需要有堅強(qiáng)的意志和耐心。patient耐心的；active積極的；bright明亮的；honest誠實(shí)的。由上文“Theyhavetostandstillandkeepeyesopenforseveralhours.”可知，他們必須一動不動地站著，眼睛睜著好幾個小時，這里需要耐心。故選A。15．句意：這不是一件容易的工作，但對他們來說有很多樂趣。of……的；as作為；for對于；on在……上。此處表示“對于他們很有樂趣”，此處用介詞for。故選C。16．句意：多虧了他的搭檔，一只叫賈斯佩的可愛狗狗，他才脫穎而出。thanksto多虧；insteadof代替；besides在……旁邊；without沒有。由下文“...bytheirperfectworktogether.”可知，他們是很好的合作伙伴，此處表示“多虧了他的搭檔”。故選A。17．句意：當(dāng)喬治去工作時，賈斯佩靠在他的手臂上，盡可能地保持靜止。plays玩；eats吃；rests倚靠；answers回答。由下文“...onhisarmandkeepsstillaslongasshecan.”可知，它靠著主人的手臂，盡可能地保持靜止，故選C。18．句意：大多數(shù)人都對他們完美的合作感到驚訝。encouraged鼓勵；disappointed使失望；refused拒絕；surprised使驚訝。由上文“Hestandsoutthankstohispartner,acutedognamedJaspe.”可知，他和他的小狗是一對搭檔，配合完美，這里表示“讓人驚訝”。故選D。19．句意：一些動物愛好者認(rèn)為是喬治強(qiáng)迫他的狗在街上表演。lecture演講；performance表演；report報道；hand手。由下文“Theperformanceoflivingstatueshasbecomeastreetart.”可知，這里指“表演”。故選B。20．句意：事實(shí)上，喬治從來沒有訓(xùn)練過賈斯佩。seldom很少；sometimes有時候；never從不；often經(jīng)常。由本句的“Infact”可知，事實(shí)和人們的猜測相反，這里表示從來沒有訓(xùn)練過狗這樣做。故選C。（C）Haveyoueverdreamedofbecomingamarine(海洋的)scientist?Ifyouhave,youmightneedto____21____fortripstoAntarctica(南極洲)!RobKingisamarinebiologistfromAustralia.He____22____Antarctickrill(磷蝦).Eachyear,hedoesresearchintheworld’s____23____place—Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround.InJanuary,hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which____24____39days.“Eachyearwe____25____freshsamples(樣本)ofAntarctickrillandbringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia,’’saidKing.“Thiswaywecandolong-termresearch,notonlyonkrillbuton____26____thatcanliveforseveralyears.”Littlekrill____27____abigroleinthemarinefoodchain(鏈條).Theyeatphytoplankton(浮游植物),whiletheyareeatenbyfish,squid,seabirds,penguins,sealsandwhales.AccordingtoKing,Antarctickrillare____28____importantforscientistsbecausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthanotheranimals.However,asclimatechange____29____theSouthernOceanandthetemperatureishigherandhigher,theareaforkrilltoliveandgrowisreducing.“Ourresearchtriestobetterunderstandtheeffectsofclimatechangeonkrill,”saidKing.KingsaidoneofthehighlightsinhiscareerwastravelingtoAntarctica.“TripstoAntarcticaareusuallyonetothreemonthslong,”hesaid.“Beforesettingout,wewouldhavesome____30____,includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam.It’sreallyagreatexperienceformetoseethebeautyoftheenvironmentthere.”21．A．care B．send C．prepare D．call22．A．studies B．increases C．discovers D．develops23．A．best B．coldest C．hottest D．worst24．A．collected B．lasted C．moved D．offered25．A．putout B．giveaway C．takeafter D．lookfor26．A．ice B．waste C．water D．a(chǎn)nimals27．A．take B．play C．carry D．make28．A．especially B．lightly C．completely D．hardly29．A．protects B．understands C．cools D．warms30．A．communication B．objects C．training D．magic【答案】21．C22．A23．B24．B25．D26．D27．B28．A29．D30．C【主旨】本文主要講述了一位海洋科學(xué)家對南極磷蝦的研究，解釋了對這種動物研究的重要性以及出發(fā)前的準(zhǔn)備。【詳解】21．句意：如果你有，你可能需要為去南極洲旅行做準(zhǔn)備！care關(guān)心；send發(fā)送；prepare準(zhǔn)備；call打電話。根據(jù)“Ifyouhave,youmightneedto...fortripstoAntarctica(南極洲)!”可知，是指做好去南極洲旅行的準(zhǔn)備，故選C。22．句意：他研究南極磷蝦。studies研究；increases增長；discovers發(fā)現(xiàn)；develops發(fā)展。根據(jù)“hedoesresearchintheworld’s…place”可知，是指研究南極磷蝦，故選A。23．句意：每年，他都在世界上最冷的地方做研究——南極洲，那里的溫度終年低于零度。best最好的；coldest最冷的；hottest最熱的；worst最差的。根據(jù)“Antarcticawherethetemperatureisbelowzeroallyearround”可知，這是最冷的地方，故選B。24．句意：今年1月，他結(jié)束了最近一次歷時39天的旅程。collected收集；lasted持續(xù)；moved移動；offered提供。根據(jù)“hereturnedfromhislatestjourneythere,which…39days”可知，這段旅程持續(xù)了39天，故選B。25．句意：每年我們都會尋找南極磷蝦的新鮮樣本，然后帶回我們在澳大利亞的研究中心。putout熄滅；giveaway贈送；takeafter與……相像；lookfor尋找。根據(jù)“bringthembacktoourresearchcenterinAustralia”可知，尋找樣本然后帶回去研究，故選D。26．句意：通過這種方式，我們不僅可以對磷蝦進(jìn)行長期研究，還可以對能存活數(shù)年的動物進(jìn)行研究。ice冰；waste廢物；water水；animals動物。根據(jù)“notonlyonkrillbuton…thatcanliveforseveralyears”可知，不但對磷蝦進(jìn)行長期研究，還對其他的動物進(jìn)行研究，故選D。27．句意：小磷蝦在海洋食物鏈中扮演著重要角色。take拿走；play玩，扮演；carry搬；make制作。此處是固定表達(dá)playarolein“扮演……角色”，故選B。28．句意：根據(jù)金的說法，南極磷蝦對科學(xué)家來說尤其重要，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詮牧孜r身上學(xué)到比其他動物更多的東西。especially尤其；lightly輕輕地；completely完全地；hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)“becausetheycanlearnmorefromthemthan…otheranimals”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)南極磷蝦對科學(xué)家來說尤其重要，故選A。29．句意：然而，隨著氣候變化使南大洋變暖，溫度越來越高，磷蝦生存和生長的區(qū)域正在減少。protects保護(hù)；understands明白；cools冷卻；warms暖和。根據(jù)“thetemperatureishigherandhigher”可知，氣候變化讓南大洋變暖，故選D。30．句意：出發(fā)前，我們會進(jìn)行一些訓(xùn)練，包括海上生存、消防，以及如何在團(tuán)隊(duì)中很好地工作。communication交流；objects物體；training訓(xùn)練；magic魔法。根據(jù)“includingsurvival(生存)atsea,firefighting,andhowtoworkwellinateam”可知，出發(fā)前會進(jìn)行一些專業(yè)的訓(xùn)練，故選C。能力提升練閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（A）（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Katiesaidgoodbyetoherparentsatthefrontdooroftheircandyshopastheydroveoffforavacation,andKatie___1___she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp.AuntMariadidn’thaveanyexperienceonbusiness,butsheisalwayscalled“___2___”.AsMariablewintothestore,shesaid,“Allright,Katiemylove,let’sgetthispartystarted.”Katietookherauntovertowherethefamilymadetheirowncandy,suchasfreshfudge(軟糖).AuntMaria___3___apieceofchocolatefudge.“Hmm,”shesaid.“It’sgood,butnot___4___.Wecanaddsomethingtomakethatbasictasteexciting.”BeforeKatiecould___5___whatMariameant,thewomanhadgonetothekitchen.Katieheardherwalkingaround,openingdrawersandthefridge.Thenshecamebackwithherhandsfullofthings.She___6___themontheworksurfacewithahappytune(小調(diào)).“Brusselssprouts(甘藍(lán))?”Katiegaveheraunta___7___look.Shecouldn’tbeserious!Butshewas.Thewoman’shandswerebusy___8___thegreenvegetablesandthenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge.Katie’seyesgrewwideasshewatchedherauntmixthemtogether.Katie___9___asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang,announcingsome____10____.Threeboyscamein.“I’llhavestrawberryfudge,please,”saidthefirstboy.“Oh,how____11____,”laughedMaria.“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew!Trythis!”SheofferedtheboystheBrusselssproutfudge.“It’sfree!____12____!”Surprised,buttoopoliteto____13____,theboysleftwiththefudge.“Theregoourcustomers.Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis,andnobodywillwanttoshophere!”Katiesaidtoherself.Shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Herparentsweregoingtobe____14____.Thesoundofthebellwokeherupfromher____15____.Theboyswereback!Butthistimetherewasacrowdofkidscomingintothestorewiththem.“GivemetwopiecesofBrusselssproutfudge,please.”1．A．promised B．remembered C．pretended D．checked2．A．friendly B．creative C．honest D．lucky3．A．noticed B．bought C．made D．tried4．A．soft B．sweet C．smooth D．special5．A．believe B．change C．question D．explain6．A．stuck B．left C．spread D．swept7．A．strange B．fresh C．black D．hungry8．A．washing B．weighing C．cutting D．cooking9．A．movedon B．lookedup C．brokedown D．cameover10．A．clerks B．policemen C．customers D．businessmen11．A．expensive B．cheap C．funny D．boring12．A．Stay B．Enjoy C．Go D．Help13．A．a(chǎn)ccept B．a(chǎn)rgue C．eat D．order14．A．mad B．calm C．relaxed D．silent15．A．mistakes B．memories C．plans D．thoughts【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．D5．C6．C7．A8．C9．B10．C11．D12．B13．B14．A15．D【主旨】本文主要介紹了凱蒂的父母去度假時，她和瑪利亞阿姨照看她家的糖果店，瑪利亞阿姨制作了一些奇怪的糖果，這吸引了很多顧客?！驹斀狻?．句意：當(dāng)父母開車去度假時，凱蒂在他們糖果店的前門向他們道別，凱蒂承諾在瑪麗亞阿姨的幫助下她可以經(jīng)營糖果店。promised承諾；remembered記得；pretended假裝；checked檢查。根據(jù)“she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp”可知她承諾會好好經(jīng)營糖果店。故選A。2．句意：瑪麗亞阿姨沒有任何商業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但她總是被稱為“有創(chuàng)造力”。friendly友好的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；honest誠實(shí)的；lucky幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)下文的描述可知，她制作了一些奇怪的糖果，所以她被認(rèn)為“有創(chuàng)造力”。故選B。3．句意：瑪麗亞阿姨嘗了一塊巧克力軟糖。noticed注意到；bought買；made制造；tried嘗試。根據(jù)“apieceofchocolatefudge”可知是嘗了一塊軟糖。故選D。4．句意：它很好，但并不特別。soft軟的；sweet甜的；smooth順滑的；special特別的。根據(jù)“Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis”可知店里的糖果不特別。故選D。5．句意：凱蒂還沒來得及問瑪麗亞是什么意思，那個女人就已經(jīng)去廚房了。believe相信；change改變；question質(zhì)疑；explain解釋。根據(jù)“whatMariameant”可知是問瑪利亞阿姨她說的話是什么意思。故選C。6．句意：她哼著歡快的曲調(diào)把它們鋪在工作臺上。stuck卡住；left離開；spread傳播；swept清掃。根據(jù)“themontheworksurface”可知是把拿來的東西放在工作臺上，用動詞spread。故選C。7．句意：凱蒂奇怪地看了她一眼。strange奇怪的；fresh新鮮的；black黑的；hungry饑餓的。根據(jù)“Shecouldn’tbeserious”可知她很奇怪瑪利亞阿姨拿甘藍(lán)做什么。故選A。8．句意：這位女士的手正忙著切綠色蔬菜，然后把這些小塊加入軟糖中。washing洗；weighing稱重；cutting切；cooking做飯。根據(jù)“thenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge”可知是切這些蔬菜。故選C。9．句意：凱蒂抬頭一看，前門的門鈴響了，宣布有顧客。movedon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；lookedup向上看；brokedown分解；cameover過來。根據(jù)“asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang”可知鈴響時，她抬起頭看。故選B。10．句意：凱蒂抬頭一看，前門的門鈴響了，宣布有顧客。clerks職員；policemen警察；customers顧客；businessman商人。根據(jù)“Theregoourcustomers”可知是有顧客。故選C。11．句意：真無聊。expensive昂貴的；cheap便宜的；funny有趣的；boring無聊的。根據(jù)“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew”可知瑪麗亞阿姨認(rèn)為年輕人要的軟糖很無趣，所以建議他嘗試一些新東西。故選D。12．句意：它是免費(fèi)的。請享用吧！stay停留；enjoy享受；go去；help幫助。根據(jù)“It’sfree”可知是請他享用甘藍(lán)軟糖。故選B。13．句意：男孩們很驚訝，但礙于禮貌沒有爭辯，帶著軟糖離開了。accept接受；argue爭論；eat吃；order命令。根據(jù)“buttoopoliteto”可知他們很有禮貌，所以不想爭辯。故選B。14．句意：她的父母會瘋的。mad生氣的；calm平靜的；relaxed放松的；silent沉默的。根據(jù)“nobodywillwanttoshophere”可知沒有人來糖果店里買糖果，她父母會很生氣。故選A。15．句意：鈴聲把她從思考中喚醒。mistakes錯誤；memories記憶；plans計劃；thoughts想法。根據(jù)“Katiesaidtoherself”可知她一直在思考。故選D。（B）（2021·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oneday,afarmerwaslookingforawatersourceforhisfarm.So,hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell（水井）tohim.Hisneighbor__16__.Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.Buttheneighborwasacunning（狡猾的）man.Thenextday,asthefarmercametogetwaterfromhiswell,hisneighborcameand__17__tolethimtakeanywater.Thefarmerwas__18__.Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater?Ialreadyboughtthewell__19__you.”Theneighborreplied,“Isoldyouthewellnotthewater.”Thefarmerwenttotheemperorto_20_

justice（公正）.Heexplainedwhathadhappened.TheemperorcalledonBirbal,his__21__courtier（朝臣）.Birbalaskedthe__22__,“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”Theneighbor__23__,

“Ididsellthewelltothefarmer,butnotthewaterinit.Therefore,hehasnorighttogetwaterfromthewell.”Birbalaskedthemtocomelater.Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor,“Look,youare__24__right,andyousoldthewellnotthewater.__25__yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.Nowyouhavetwo__26__:Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer__27__takeitoutimmediately.”Theneighborrealizedthathisplanhad__28__.Hesaid__29__tothefarmerandwenthomequickly.Cheatingwillnotgetyou__30__.Ifyoucheat,youwillpaysoonenough.16．A．believed B．laughed C．prevented D．a(chǎn)greed17．A．refused B．a(chǎn)voided C．complained D．offered18．A．stupid B．surprised C．excited D．interested19．A．with B．for C．from D．to20．A．a(chǎn)skfor B．waitfor C．loo