[課堂演練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫依據(jù)漢語注釋及首字母提示寫出下列單詞的正確形式。1.Itwase______thatthepolicywasafailure,formanypeopleareagainstit.2.[2022·江西閱讀A]Helovedexperimentingandhis________(目標)wastobecomeascientistlikehisfather.3.Thehealthycoupleswithoutchildrencan________(收養(yǎng))achildbylaw.4.Andbodylanguageisparticularlyimportantwhenwe________(嘗試)tocommunicateacrosscultures.5.Ican'tunderstandtheconceptbecauseitistoo________(抽象的)forme.答案：1.evident2.aim3.adopt4.attempt5.abstractⅡ.選詞填空feellike;lookthrough;breakawayfrom;inpossessionof;ontheotherhand1.Whensheworethedress,Jane________aprincess.2.Thethiefmanagedto____________thepoliceman.3.Iwas________amagazineinthebedroomwhenshecalledme.4.Youcan'tbe____________thehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.5.OnonehandIvaluedhisfriendship,but______________Idislikedhisself-prideandselfishness.答案：1.feltlike2.breakawayfrom3.lookingthrough4.inpossessionof5.ontheotherhandⅢ.單句語法填空1．Youcan't__________________(possession)thecameraunlessyoucanproveit'syours.答案：takepossessionof解析：takepossessionof＝possess，意為“擁有，占有”，符合句意。句意：你不能擁有這臺照相機除非你能證明它是你的。2．Thereis__________________________(deal)concernaboutthepollutionamongthepeople.答案：agood/greatdealof解析：句意：人們對污染很關注。concern作“關懷，擔憂”講時為不行數(shù)名詞。agood/greatdealof“大量(的)”，修飾不行數(shù)名詞。3.Manycollegegraduatesareoutofworknow,but________________________(另一方面),theywon'ttakejobsthatdonotpaymuch.答案：ontheotherhand解析：句意：現(xiàn)在很多高校畢業(yè)生沒有工作，但另一方面，他們又不情愿干薪水低的活。ontheotherhand“另一方面”。4.Inordernottogetintotrouble，advertisersareincreasinglycautiousabouttakingoutads______________(aim)children.答案：aimedat解析：句意：為了不惹麻煩，廣告商在登發(fā)針對孩子的廣告時格外慎重。beaimedat“旨在；目的是”，此處為非謂語動詞作定語修飾ads,故用aimedat。5.－Didhesayanythingthat______________(吸引)youespecially?－Notreally.ActuallyIslepthalfwaythroughhisspeech.答案：appealedto解析：依據(jù)答語“聽演講聽到一半就睡著了”可推知上句詢問：他有沒有講一些吸引(appealedto)你的東西？6.Ihavelearned________________________(deal)frommyvisithere.AndnowIcanunderstandsomebehaviourofthenativeshere.答案：agreatdeal解析：agreatdeal可用作名詞短語，表示“大量；很多”，在句中做主語或賓語，在此作learn的賓語。7.Itwasonly______________(碰巧)thatIsawtheinjuredchildonmywayhome,soIcalled120atonce.答案：bycoincidence解析：考查短語。句意：我只是碰巧在回家的路上看到了那個受傷的孩子，然后我馬上叫了搶救車。bycoincidence“碰巧”。8．Despitetheshortstayinthisforeigncountry,hehassoon________(適應)himselftothenewenvironment.答案：adapted解析：句意：盡管他在國外待的時間很短，但他很快地適應了新環(huán)境。adaptoneselftosth.“使自己適應……”，符合語境。9．Inthefarsouth________(lie)StewartIsland,thelargestofNewZealand'smanysmallislands.答案：lies解析：考查倒裝結構。句意：斯圖爾特島在遙遠的南方，它是新西蘭眾多小島中最大的一個。分析句子結構可知，句首為表地點的介詞短語作狀語，逗號前是一個完全倒裝句，逗號后是主語StewartIsland的同位語。此處動詞表示方位且主語為單數(shù)，故用lies。10.Asisshowninthemovie,undernocircumstances________________________(不應當失去信念)faith.答案：shouldyoulose解析：考查倒裝。句意：正如電影向我們呈現(xiàn)的，無論在什么狀況下，你都不應當失去信念。undernocircumstances“無論如何都不”位于句首時，句子要接受部分倒裝，故用shouldyoulose。[實戰(zhàn)力量·提升]Ⅳ.閱讀理解A[2021·課標全國卷Ⅱ]Doctorsareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduatedfrommedicalschool.Ididn'trealizethen,butbecomingapilotmakesmeabettersurgeon.Ilovedflying.AsIflewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather,Ilearnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement(機組資源管理),orCRM,anewideatomakeflyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,regardlessofpositions.IfirstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorandIwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlandingready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;Iwassafetypilot.Hewassobusybecauseofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear(起落架)down.Hewasabetterpilot－andmyboss－soitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,“Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow！”ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI'mintheoperatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey'renotwillingtospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewillkeepmefrom“l(fā)anding_gear_up”．1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?A.Theylikeflyingbythemselves.B.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.C.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.D.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.2.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen________.A.hesavedtheplanebyspeakingupB.hewasinchargeofaflyingtaskC.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolateD.hisbossoperatedonapatient3.Inthelastparagraph“l(fā)andinggearup”probablymeans“________”．A.followingflyingrequirementsB.overreactingtodifferentopinionsC.listeningtowhatfellowdoctorssayD.makingamistakethatmaycostlives4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafeB.FlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctorC.TheMakingofaGoodPilotD.APilot-TurnedDoctor[文章大意]本文作者談了自己做醫(yī)生和飛行員的體會，強調了傾聽別人建議的重要性。1．B。考查細節(jié)理解。由第一段其次句可知，醫(yī)生往往不寵愛聽建議，由于他們了解狀況。2．A?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。由其次段最終兩句可知，作者大膽提示飛行員(主治醫(yī)師)放下起落架，第一次感到了大膽說出來的力氣，且從今以后在手術室也這樣做。3．D。考查詞義猜想。依據(jù)句意“但是我期望，假如我連續(xù)鼓舞他們，有人會在某一天阻擋我犯‘將起落架升起來’這樣嚴峻的錯誤”可知，此處“l(fā)andinggearup”借指所犯的可能會以生命為代價的錯誤。4．B。考查標題推斷。作者將自己從飛行員職業(yè)經受中所獵取的閱歷運用到行醫(yī)生涯中，使自己擅長傾聽別人的建議，從而使自己成為了一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生。B項符合題意。B[2021·北京高考]TailSpinTwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanGracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,shewasfightingforherlife.“Isshegoingtomakeit？Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Dolphinsswimbymovingtheirflukesandpeduncleupanddown.Gracetaughtherselftomoveanotherway－likeafish!Shepushesherselfforwardthroughthewaterbymovingherpedunclefromsidetoside.ThemovementsputharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.Soacompanyofferedtocreateaman-madetailforher.ThetailhadtobestrongenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn'thurther.ThefirsttimeGraceworetheartificialtail,shesoonshookitoffandletitsinktothebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Somedaysshewearsitforanhouratatime，othersnotatall.“Thenewtailisn'tnecessaryforhertofeelcomfortable，”saysStone,“butithelpstokeepthatrangeofmotion(動作)andbuildmuscles(肌肉)．”Now，thedolphinisabouttogetanevenhappierending.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusesonherrescueandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfartomeether.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.5.WhenGracefirstarrivedattheOceanA.physicalbuildB.potentialabilityC.chanceofsurvivalD.adaptationtothesurroundings6.Aman-madetailiscreatedforGraceto________.A.letherrecoverfasterB.makehercomfortableC.adjustherwayofswimmingD.helpherperformbettertricks7.ThestoryofGraceinspirespeopleto________.A.sticktotheirdreamsB.treatanimalsfriendlyC.treasurewhattheyhaveD.facedifficultiesbravely[文章大意]'本文為記敘文，敘述了一只名叫Grace的海豚英勇面對困難的故事。5．C。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,shewasfightingforherlife.‘Isshegoingtomakeit？’Hertrainer，AbbeyStone，fearedtheworst.”可知此題應選擇C項。6．C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段和第五段的描述可知這條人造的尾巴是掛念Grace游泳的，故此題選擇C項。7．D。推理推斷題。通讀全文，Grace從一開頭生死未卜，到失去尾巴，再到最終有一個更加歡快的結局可以看出Grace的故事能夠激勵人英勇地面對困難，故選擇D項。Ⅴ.短文改錯YesterdayIwatchedacircusshow.Agirlrodeanone-wheeledbikeonasmalltablewithalotoffloweronit.Shedidn'tknockdownevenoneflower.Somelittledogsalsodidabetterjob.Oneofthemcancalculatethenumber!Themostexcitingprogramwasseeayoungmanwalkthetightrope.Hestoodonarope