中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單一一專題05形容詞和副詞

知識(shí)梳理

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［內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航J

?模塊一形容詞的用法

?模塊二副詞的用法

?模塊三形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)

?模塊四與形容詞副詞有關(guān)的其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)

?模塊五2022、2023年各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45題

I,?

］知識(shí)梳理J

\形容詞的用法萬(wàn)

i.形容詞的位置與順序

a.形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?/p>

在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。

>Thisbikeisexpensive.形容詞作表語(yǔ)

>Sheisagoodstudent,andsheworkshard.形容詞作定語(yǔ)

AMyteacheralwaysmakesherEnglishclassinteresting.形容詞作賓補(bǔ)

b.形容詞的順序

(1)縣官行令殺國(guó)才。

縣一限定詞；官一外觀(大小、長(zhǎng)短和高低)；行一形狀；

令一年齡(新舊)；殺一顏色；國(guó)一國(guó)籍；才一材料。

(2)美小圓舊黃，法國(guó)木書(shū)房(主觀在前，客觀在后)

★小試身手★

1)一件昂貴的俄國(guó)產(chǎn)的棕色皮大衣

2)一條可愛(ài)的丹麥的小美人魚(yú)

3)

4)Onedaytheycrossedthebridgebehindthepalace.

A.oldChinesestoneB.Chineseoldstone

C.oldstoneChineseD.Chinesestoneold

5)一根爺爺傳給我的長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的棕色的波斯木紋手杖

c.特殊形容詞的位置

(1)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面。

Ihadinitiallythoughtthattherewouldbenothingseriousbecauseitwasfairlycommonforanoldmantocatch

illness.本來(lái)我以為沒(méi)什么大問(wèn)題的，畢竟人老了，有病痛是在所難免的。

(2)well,山等表達(dá)健康狀況、情感類形容詞只作表語(yǔ)，不做定語(yǔ)。

>Heisanillman.(定語(yǔ))邪惡的

Heisill.(表語(yǔ))生病的

AIhavebeenwellrecently.Icantakecareofmyself.

這段時(shí)間我身體很健康。我可以自己照顧自己。

(3)帶有前綴的表語(yǔ)形容詞

帶有前綴“a-”這類形容詞只作表語(yǔ)不做定語(yǔ)，比如alike,alive,asleep,awake,aloneo

★小試身手★

living/alive

1)Thosepassengersarestill.

2)Ihaveneverseenamanonmywayhere.

asleep/sleeping/awake

3)AslongashesitsinfrontoftheTV,hecanfall.

4)Hush!Don'tawakenthedog!

5)Ifyoukeepfor3days,youmightdie.

alone/lonely

6)Helivesbutheneverfeels.

7)Ahutstoodonthetopofthehill.

8)Sheis.Ifsagoodtimetotakeaction!

2.-ed形容詞與?ing形容詞：

interesting有趣的interested感興趣的

—令人驚奇的—感到好奇的

moving令人感動(dòng)的moved感動(dòng)的

frightening令人害怕的frightened感到害怕的

terrifying令人恐懼的terrified感到恐懼的

—令人困惑不解的—感到困惑的

satisfying令人滿意的satisfied感到滿意的

tiring令人厭倦的tired感到厭煩的

—令人驚訝的—感到驚訝的

boring令人討厭的bored感到厭煩的

—令人興奮的—感到激動(dòng)的

touching觸動(dòng)人心的touched感動(dòng)的

encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的

astonishing令人驚呆的astonished驚呆的

★小試身手★

1)Longlongago,therewasan(interest)mancalledEffendi(B可凡提).

2)Hewasso(bore)thathewenttosleep.

3)Therewasan(excite)expressiononhisfacewhenheheardthegoodnews.

\副詞的用法。

副詞主要修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞及整個(gè)句子。

1.特殊副詞的位置

a.enough修飾名詞是形容詞,放在名詞前修飾形容詞和副詞是副詞，放在它們的

>他們有足夠的現(xiàn)金買一張單程票。

that,sentences,for,believe,tough,you,present,criminals,are,do,at,enough?(連詞成句)

★真題試煉★

1)JanecanspeakEnglish.ShewantstoworkfortheSpecialOlympicGames.

A.correctB.niceC.sweetD.well

2)EveryonelikesKevinbecausehetalkstoothers_______.

A.friendlyB.lovelyC.politelyD.luckily

3)Thebabyfeels_______whilehismotherholdshiminherarms.

A.saveB.safeC.safelyD.safety

4)MyoldneighbourCharlesfelt_______afterhischildrenmovedout.

A.lonelyB.safelyC.angrilyD.happily

▼Attention^

一般形容詞后加-ly可以構(gòu)成副詞，但有些副詞和形容詞同形，比如：hard,late,early,high,fast,far,deep等,

這些詞后面有沒(méi)有-ly意思不同。嘗試寫(xiě)出下列副詞的意思:

hardhardly

latelately

highhighly

deepdeeply

★小試身手★

1)hardvs.hardly

Wethoughtlongandbeforedecidingtomovehouse.

2)latevs.lately

thatevening,therewasaknockatthedoor.

3)highvs.highly

Itisunlikelythatshe'llbelate.

4)deepvs.deeply

Theysatandtalkedintothenight.

\形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)0

i.同級(jí)比較

用于兩者之間的同級(jí)比較，表示“…和…一樣”，其句型主要分兩種：

a.”as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前后兩者的情況一樣。

>他幾乎像他姐姐一樣勤奮。

Hewasalmosthissister.

b.在否定句中，用"notas/so+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前者不如后者。

>在許多體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中，體能沒(méi)有技巧重要。

Inmanysportsphysicalfitnesstechnique.

▼Attention^

如若第一個(gè)as/so后的形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，應(yīng)將該名詞及有關(guān)修飾語(yǔ)都放在第一個(gè)as/so之后。

AYou'vemadeasmanymistakesasIhave.

你犯的錯(cuò)誤和我犯的一樣多。

>人們普遍相信(一般認(rèn)為)，教學(xué)既是一門科學(xué)，也是一門藝術(shù)。

Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.

2.比較級(jí)：

a.規(guī)則變化

>Americanelephantsarelarger,fiercerandmoredifficulttotamethanAsianelephants.

比起亞洲大象，非洲大象更大，更兇猛，也更難馴服。

>Thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesea,thatisthesky;thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesky,thatisthe

interiorofthesoul.——VictorHugo

比海洋更廣闊的是天空，比天空更廣闊的是人的胸懷。

★小試身手★

1)三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮。(head)

2)事實(shí)勝于雄辯。(actions)

3)遲到總比不到好。(late)

b.不規(guī)則變化

原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

good/wellbetter—

bad/badly/ill

many/muchmore—

little

farfarther/___________________farthest/___________________

★真題試煉★

1)Thismotorcycleisnotasasthatone,andituseslessgas.

A.expensiveB.lessexpensive

C.moreexpensiveD.themostexpensive

2)Hecanplaytennisbetterthan.

A.anyboysB.anyotherboy

C.anyboyD.anyother

3)Jackisthesecondstudentinourclass.Heisthanme.

A.tallest;muchtallerB.tall;muchtaller

C.tall;muchmoretallerD.tallest;muchmoretaller

4)Aftertwoyears*research,wenowhaveabetterunderstandingofthedisease.

A.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite

5)Whojumpedofallintheworld?

A.longerB.longestC.fartherD.farthest

6)Youaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive.

A.abitmoreslowlyB.slowlyabitmore

C.moreslowabitD.slowlymorebit

3.形容詞和副詞的比較程度

在形容詞比較級(jí)前可以使用：alittle,abit,even,alot,agreatdeal,much,far等副詞來(lái)表示比較級(jí)的程度。換

言之，看到這些詞就要考慮使用比較級(jí)。

★小試身手★

判斷下面的搭配是否正確。

morehighermoremuchhigher

muchmorehigher—muchhigher—

alotmuchalotmore

muchmore—muchmany—

muchinteresting—abitmoreinteresting—

alotinteresting—alittlemoreinteresting—

evenlessinteresting—alittlemostinteresting—

4.比較級(jí)的否定

★小試身手★

判斷這句話語(yǔ)法上是否正確。

1)Iamnottallerthanyou(are).()

▼Attention^

比較級(jí)不可以用not-er/morethan做否定。

只能用notas…as或less(Iamnotastallasyouare.或Iamshorterthanyouare.)

★小試身手★

1)Youaremoreintelligentthanme.

=1.

=1.

2)MadeinChinaproductsarelessexpensivethanmadeinUSAproducts.

=MadeinChinaproductsare___________________madeinUSAproducts.

3)FrenchismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.

=EnglishFrench.

=EnglishFrench.

▼Attention^

notmorethan只可用在數(shù)字前，表示“僅僅”、“只有"，類似于only,強(qiáng)調(diào)少；而no+比較級(jí)+than用于否定

雙方,意為“和……一樣不”。

>Thistesttakesnomorethanthirtyminutes.

這個(gè)考試只要三十分鐘。

>Youarenomorecarefulthanyourbrother.

你和你弟弟一樣不仔細(xì)。

★小試身手★

1)Theoldcarraceisnolessexcitingthanthemoderncarrace.

2)他不比乞丐有錢。

3）雖然起步晚，但是湯姆彈鋼琴不比她差。

4）他不比我幸運(yùn)。

\與形容詞副詞有關(guān)的其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)萬(wàn)

1.most的含義

themost+形容詞表最高級(jí)，most+形容詞意為“非常”，most相當(dāng)于very。

>Qomolangmaisthemostdangerousmountainintheworld.

AItreallyismostannoying.

2.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)

倍數(shù)詞加在-er詞或as...as前面。結(jié)構(gòu)：倍數(shù)+as+〃力’./〃du+as/倍數(shù)+〃力than...

>Herappetiteisonlyhalfasbigasours.

她的胃口只有我們的一半大。

>亞洲的面積是歐洲的四倍。

AsiaisEurope.

AsiaisEurope.

>have,as,would,three,asked,much,paid,gladly,I,he,times,as（連詞成句）

3.moreandmore結(jié)構(gòu)

“moreandmore”表示“越來(lái)越...”

AThefreshwaterisbecominglessandless.

A現(xiàn)今越來(lái)越多年輕人正在使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，但是其中有些人沒(méi)有合理地使用。

4.the+比較級(jí)…the+比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)

“themore...themore”結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的意思是“越...，就越…”

AThegreateramanis,themoredistastefulispraiseandflatterytohim.一個(gè)人越偉大，對(duì)表?yè)P(yáng)和奉承就越反

感。

------JohnBurroughs（美國(guó)博物學(xué)家巴勒斯）

★小試身手★

1）多多益善。

2）知道得越多，越會(huì)體會(huì)到自己知道得有限。

3）空氣越熱，它就上升得越快。

4）Inrecentyears,travelcompanieshavesucceededinsendingustheideathatthe（far）we

go,the（good）ourholidaywillbe.（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）

5.比較級(jí)也可以表示最高級(jí)的含義：

>Harry是班里最聰明的學(xué)生。

=Harryisclevererthaninhisclass/___________________inhisclass./

Harryisclevererthaninhisclass

（同班）

&Harryisclevererthaninthisclass.

（不同班）

VAttentionV

有other/else,A、B同范圍；

anyother+N單數(shù)；

anyoftheother+N復(fù)數(shù)

無(wú)other/else,A、B異范圍。

★小試身手★

1）ChinaislargerthaninAfrica.

2）ChinaislargerthaninAsia.

\2022、2023年各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45至⑼

★綜合真題試煉*

1.（2023?湖北鄂州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一IsJulieastallasyou?

-No,sheisn't.She'sthanme.

A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest

2.（2023?云南?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Chinaisoneofcountriesintheworld.Weareallproudofit.

A.olderB.theolderC.oldestD.theoldest

3.（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Nothingisthanaglassofwaterwhenyouarethirsty.

A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest

4.（2022?江蘇徐州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Todayismuchthanyesterday.Nice!

A.coolB.coolerC.coolestD.thecoolest

5.（2022?遼寧阜新?中考真題）Mostpeopledon'tlikeeatinglemonsbecausetheytaste.

A.lovelyB.sweetC.deliciousD.sour

6.（2022?湖北襄陽(yáng)?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Whichdoyoulikebetter,mathorphysics?

一Bothofthemaremyfavoritesubjects.Ithinkmathisasasphysics.

A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.lessinterestingD.mostinteresting

7.（2023?天津?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Samdid________inhisstudiesthisyearthanlastyear.

A.wellB.betterC.bestD.thebest

8.（2023?江蘇揚(yáng)州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch.

A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best

9.（2022?重慶?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Royisagreatdancer.Hedancesthanothers.

A.beautifullyB.morebeautifullyC.lessbeautifullyD.mostbeautifully

10.（2022?江西?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Whodoyouthinkwillwintherace,BoborTom?

-ItmustbeBob.Ithinkheruns.

A.fasterB.fastestC.moreslowlyD.mostslowly

11.（2022-ill東濱州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Bill,IplannedtogiveyouthecardonSaturday,butIforgot.

——ThafsOK.Iwon'tuseituntilnextweekend.

A.completelyB.recentlyC.quietlyD.clearly

12.（2022?山東濟(jì)南?統(tǒng)考中考真題）AlthoughLinglingstudiesonlineathome,shestudiesthan

before.

A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest

13.（2022?貴州銅仁?統(tǒng)考中考真題）——UncleWang,couldyoutellmethesecretofyourgoodhealth?

-Inmyview,vegetablesand______meat.

A.less;lessB.more;moreC.more;lessD.less;more

14.（2022?北京?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuchthanlastyear.

A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.thestrongest

15.（2023?四川雅安?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Mikeplaysbasketballwell.Doyouknowhim?

一Sure.Heisalsooneofbasketballplayersinourclass.

A.tallB.thetallerC.tallestD.thetallest

16.（2022?廣西貴港?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Areyougoingtorideyourbiketothebeach?

-Yes.Ifsofall.

A.convenientB.moreconvenientC.mostconvenientD.themostconvenient

17.（2022?廣西河池?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Katieisofthethreegirlsinherfamily.

A.youngB.youngerC.theyoungerD.theyoungest

18.（2022?山東濱州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Thissongseemsthesedays.Itwasplayedeverywherewhen

itcameout.

一Thafstrue.Weseldomhearitnow.

A.popularB.morepopularC.lesspopularD.themostpopular

19.（2022?遼寧鞍山?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一WhafsthesecondriverinChina?

一TheYellowRiver.

A.longerB.thelongerC.longestD.thelongest

20.（2023?遼寧大連?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Nowadaystravelingbyhigh-speedtrainisasastravelingbyair

inChina.

A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular

21.（2022?統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThisdetectivestoryisthantheoneIreadlastnight.

A.attractiveB.moreattractiveC.mostattractiveD.themostattractive

22.（2022?西藏?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theharderyouwork,theyouwillbe.

A.luckierB.luckyC.luckilyD.luck

23.（2023?黑龍江綏化?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Theoldmanlives,sohemayfeel.

一Weshouldvisithimtwiceamonth.

A.alone;lonelyB.lonely;aloneC.alone;alone

24.（2023?遼寧營(yíng)口?中考真題）ChatGPTcanmakeaplanthanwedo.

A.muchquicklyB.morequickC.evenquickD.farmorequickly

25.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theairhasbeenmuchtheseyears.Governmentsare

takingactionagainstpollution.

A.badlyB.worstC.badD.worse

26.（2023?四川遂寧?中考真題）LiuYihasjustgottheonlychancetovisitPekingUniversity.Sheisthe

studentinclass.

A.luckyB.luckierC.luckilyD.luckiest

27.（2023?江西?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一AsIknow,yourfriendJeffisveryhumorous.

-Yes.HeispersonIknow.

A.funnierB.thefunniestC.moreseriousD.themostserious

28.（2021?四川資陽(yáng)?統(tǒng)考中考真題）YuanLongpingworkedallhislifetomakepeoplehaveenough

food.

A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.hardly

29.（2022?四川達(dá)州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Jessica,ifsrainingoutside.

一Oh,youshouldbewhenyoudrivetowork.

A.hard;carefulB.hardly;carefulC.hard;carefullyD.hardly;carefully

30.（2022?江蘇宿遷?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Amydidverywellinherreport.Sheistopayattentiontoevery

detail.

A.enoughcarefulB.carefulenoughC.enoughcarelessD.carelessenough

31.（2022?廣西賀州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Andydoesn'tlikejunkfoodatall,sosheeatsit.

A.oftenB.sometimesC.usuallyD.never

32.（2022?江蘇徐州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）WhydoesJohnactso?Look,he9sspeakingfaster,hisface

becomesredderandyoucanalmostseefireinhiseyes.

A.happilyB.angrilyC.calmlyD.sadly

33.（2022?吉林長(zhǎng)春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）ZhaoChenranofallthestudentsatthesportsmeeting.

A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.lessfast

34.（2022?江蘇無(wú)錫?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Coffeeortea,Frank?

-Coffee,please.Togetrelaxed,isbetterthanacupofcoffee.

A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything

35.（2022?貴州畢節(jié)?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Makingrobotsisoneofactivitiesamongstudents.Eachofthem

hashisownrobot.

A.morepopularB.themostpopularC.moredifficultD.themostdifficult

36.（2022?遼寧盤錦?統(tǒng)考中考真題）LeolikesspeedskatingandhethinksifseventattheBeijing

WinterOlympics.

A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.mostexcitingD.themostexciting

37.（2022?廣西梧州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Itwillbethisafter