必修1第一單元ANNE'SBESTFRIEND：

Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverything

to,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?Orareyou

afraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnot

understandwhatyouaregoingthrough?AnneFrank

wantedthefirstkind,soshemadeherdiaryherbest

friend.

安妮最好的朋友

你想不想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友？或者

你會不會擔(dān)心你的朋友會嘲笑你，會不理解你目前的困

境呢？安妮?弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，所以她

把的日記視為自己最好的朋友。

AnnelivedinAmsterdamintheNetherlandsduring

WorldWarII.HerfamilywasJewishsoshehadtohide

ortheywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.Sheand

herfamilyhiddenawayfortwoyearsbeforetheywere

discovered.Duringthattimetheonlytruefriendwasher

diary.Shesaid,"Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffacts

inadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitself

tobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty."Now

readhowshefeltafterbeinginthehidingplacesince

July1942.

在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，安妮住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太

人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則就會被德國的納粹分子抓去。她和她的家

人躲藏了25個月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在那段時期，她的日記成了她唯一忠實的朋

友。她說：“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把我的日記當(dāng)作

自己的朋友，我把我的這個朋友叫做基蒂。”現(xiàn)在，來看看安妮自1942年7

月起躲進藏身處后的那種心情吧。

Thursday15,June,1944

Dearkitty,

Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobe

outdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabout

everythingtodowithnature.Icanwellrememberthat

therewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthe

birds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptme

spellbound.That'schangedsinceIwashere.

Forexample,whenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeon

purposeuntilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginorderto

haveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.Butas

themoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn'tdareopena

window.Anothertimesomemonthsago,Ihappenedto

beupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.I

didn'tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.

Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingclouds

heldmeentirelyintheirpower;itwasthefirsttimeina

yearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface...

Sadly...Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethrough

dirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.It'sno

pleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecause

natureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.

Yours,

Anne

1944年6月15日，星期四

親愛的基蒂：

我不知道這是不是因為我太久無法出門的緣故，我

變得對一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非

常清楚，以前，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花,

從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里之后，這一切都

變了。

比如說，有一天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意熬到晚上

11點半都不睡覺，為的就是能獨自好好地看看月亮。但

是因為月光太亮了，我都不敢打開窗戶。還有一次，就

在五個月以前的一個晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著

的，我一直呆到非關(guān)窗不可的時候才下樓去。漆黑的雨

夜，刮著大風(fēng)，電閃雷鳴，烏云滾滾，我完全被這種景

象鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹的夜

晚……

不幸的是……我只能透過那滿是灰塵的窗簾下那臟

兮兮的窗戶看看大自然。只能隔著窗戶看那大自然實在

沒意思，因為大自然是需要真正體驗的東西。

你的安妮

Readingandlistening讀與聽

1)ReadtheletterthatLisawrotetoMissWangof

RadioforTeenagersandpredictwhatMissWangwillsay.

Afterlistening,checkanddiscussheradvice.

DearMissWang,

Iamhavingsometroublewithmyclassmatesatthe

moment.I'mgettingalongwellwithaboyinmyclass.

Weoftendohomeworktogetherandweenjoyhelping

eachother.Wehavebecomereallygoodfriends.But

otherstudentshavestartedgossiping.Theysaythatthis

boyandIhavefalleninlove.Thishasmademeangry.I

don'twanttoendthefriendship,butIhateothers

gossiping.WhatshouldIdo?

Yours,

Lisa

1讀讀琳達為青少年寫給電臺王小組的這封信，然后

王小姐可能會怎么說。聽完錄音之后，核對并討論她的

建議。

親愛的王小姐：

現(xiàn)在我同班上的同學(xué)有些麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位

男同學(xué)一直相處的很好。我們常常一起做家庭作業(yè)，而

且很樂意互相幫助。我們成了真正好朋友?？墒?，其他

同學(xué)卻在背后議論起來，他們說我和這位男同學(xué)在談戀

愛，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是，我又

討厭人家背后說閑話。我該怎么辦呢？

你的莉薩

Readingandwriting

MissWanghasreceivedaletterfromXiaodong.Heis

alsoaskingforsomeadvice.Readtheletterontheright

carefullyandhelpMissWanganswerit.

王小姐收到小冬的一封來信。小冬是要征求一些意見。

仔細(xì)閱讀右邊的信，然后幫王小姐回復(fù)。

DearMissWang,

I'mastudentfromHuzhouSeniorHighSchool.I

haveaproblem.I'mnotverygoodatcommunicating

withpeople.AlthoughItrytotalktomyclassmates,I

stillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.SoIfeel

quitelonelysometimes.Idowanttochangethissituation,

butIdon'tknowhow.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould

givemesomeadvice.

Yours,

Xiaodong

親愛的王小姐：

我是湖州高中的一名學(xué)生，我有一個難題，我不大善

于與人們交際。雖然我試著和班上的同學(xué)交談，但是，

我還是很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時候我感到十

分的孤獨。我確實想改變這種現(xiàn)狀，但是我卻不知道怎

么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。

你的小東

2Decidewhicharethebestideasandputthemintoan

order.Thenwritedownyouradviceandexplainhowit

willhelp.Eachideacanmakeoneparagraph.The

followingsampleandtheexpressionsmayhelpyou

DearXiaodong,

I'msorryyouarehavingtroubleinmakingfriends.

However,thesituationiseasytochangeifyoufollowmy

advice.Herearesometipstohelpyou.

First,whynot...?

Ifyoudothis,…

Secondly,youcould/can...

Then/Thatway,...

Thirdly,itwouldbeagoodideaif...

Bydoingthis,...

Ihopeyouwillfindtheseideasuseful.

Yours

MissWang

2決定哪些是最好并把它們按順序組織起來。然后把

你的建議寫出來，并解釋它為什么會有所幫助。每個想

法可以自成一個段落。下面的例子和表達可能對你有所

幫助。

親愛的小冬：

很遺憾聽說你在交朋友的過程中遇到了困難。但是，如

果你聽聽我的建議，這種情況是很容易改變的。這些建

議會對你有所幫助。

第一，為什么不……呢？

如果你這樣做……

第二，你可以……

這樣的話……

第三，如果……那將是個不錯的主意。

通過做……

我希望你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些想法對你有所幫助。

你的王小姐

LEARNINGTIP學(xué)習(xí)建議

It'sagoodhabitforyoutokeepadiary.Itcanhelpyou

rememberpastevents.Youcanexpressyourfeelingsand

thoughtsinit.ItwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglishif

youwriteyourdiaryinEnglish.Whynothaveatry?

寫日記對你來說是一個好習(xí)慣。它可以幫你記住一些過

去發(fā)生的事件。你還可以在日記中表達你的情感和思想。

如果你用英語寫日記的話，還可以幫助你提高英語水平。

為什么不試一試呢？

第二單元

Reading

THEROADTOMODERNENGLISH

Attheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetoseven

millionpeoplespokeEnglish.Nearlyallofthemlivedin

England.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEngland

madevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldand

becauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmany

othercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishas

theirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.

通向現(xiàn)代英語之路

在16世紀(jì)末，大約有五至七百萬人講英語。幾乎所

有這些講英語的人都住在英格蘭。在其后的一個世紀(jì)中，

英格蘭人為征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，結(jié)果

世界的其他地方的人們也開始說英語了。今天，把英語

作為自己的第一語言、第二語言或外語來使用的人比以

往任何時候都多。

NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachother

eveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Look

atthisexample:

BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?

AmericanAmy:Yes,I'dliketocomeuptoyour

apartment

以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講不是同一種英

語，他們也能彼此聽懂。請看看這個例子：

英國人貝蒂：來看看我的公寓嗎？

美國人艾米：好的，我來看看你的公寓吧。

SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyall

languageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetand

communicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspoken

inEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasvery

differentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.Itwasbased

moreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.

ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,English

becamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruled

EnglandspokenfirstDanishandlaterFrench.Thesenew

settlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyits

vocabulary.Sobythe1600'sShakespearewasableto

makeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620

someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18th

centurysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.

Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.

那么，隨著時間的推移英語為什么發(fā)生了變化呢？

實際上，當(dāng)不同文化相互交流滲透時，所有的語言都會

有所發(fā)展和變化。開始，英格蘭人在大約公元450年到

1150年之間所說的英語與我們今天所說的英語很不一

樣。當(dāng)時的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，不像我們現(xiàn)

在說的英語。后來，大約在公元800年至1150年之間，

英語慢慢變得不那么像德語，因為統(tǒng)治英格蘭的那些人

開始是說丹麥語，后來說法語。這些新來的定居者豐富

了英語語言，尤其是豐富了英語詞匯。所以到17世紀(jì)初

的時候，莎士比亞能夠得以使用比以往任何時候都豐富

的詞匯。1620年一些英國定居者來到了美洲，后來到了

18世紀(jì)的時候，一些英國人還被帶到了澳大利亞。英語

也就開始在這兩個國家使用。

Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguagewas

settled.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspelling

happened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryand

laterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryof

theEnglishLanguage.Thelattergaveaseparateidentity

toAmericanEnglishspelling.

最后到19世紀(jì)的時候，英語這種語言就變得穩(wěn)定

了。當(dāng)時，英語的拼寫發(fā)生了兩個很大的變化：先是塞

繆爾?約翰遜編寫了他的英語詞典，后是諾亞?韋伯斯特出

版了《美國英語詞典》。后者使得美式英語的拼寫有了其

獨特的個性。

Englishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecond

languageinSouthAsia.Forexample,Indiahasavery

largenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritain

ruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglish

becamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.

EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaand

countriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.Todaythe

numberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasing

rapidly.Infact,Chinamayhavethelargestnumberof

Englishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsown

identity?Onlytimewilltell.

現(xiàn)在英語在南亞地區(qū)也被作為外語或第二語言使

用。比如，印度就有很多人說英語說得很流利，因為在

1765年到1947年之間英國統(tǒng)治著印度。在此期間，英語

成了印度政府和教育所用的語言。在新加坡和馬來西亞

以及像非洲的南非，人們現(xiàn)在也說英語。當(dāng)今，在中國

學(xué)英語的人數(shù)正在快速增加，事實上，中國可能是學(xué)英

語人數(shù)最多的國家。中國式英語是否也能發(fā)展成一種具

有自己獨特個性的語言？這還有待時間去證明。

STANDARDENGLISHANDDIALECTS

WhatisstandardEnglish?IsitspokeninBritain,

theUS,Canada,Australia,IndiaandNewZealand?

Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandard

English.ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTV

andtheradioisstandardEnglish.Thisisbecauseinthe

earlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswere

expectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.However,onTVand

theradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeople

speak.

Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferent

form“standardlanguage"，itiscalledadialect

AmericanEnglishhasmanydialects,especiallythe

midwestern,southern,AfricanAmericanandSpanish

dialects.EveninsomepartsoftheUSA,twopeoplefrom

neighbouringtownsspeakalittledifferently.American

Englishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecome

fromallovertheworld.

Geographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialects.

Somepeoplewholiveinthemountainsoftheeastern

USAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.When

Americansmovedformoneplacetoanother,theytook

theirdialectswiththem.Sopeoplefromthemountainsin

thesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialect

aspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.TheUSAisalarge

countryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.

AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystill

recognizeandunderstandeachother'sdialects.

什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語？是在英國、美國、加拿大、澳大

利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的英語嗎？信不信由你，（世界

上）沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機里

所說的英語就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語，這是因為在早期的電臺節(jié)目

里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。然

而，在電視和收音機里，你也會聽出人們在說話時

的差異。

當(dāng)人們使用不同于“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言”的詞語和表達時，那

就叫做方言。美國英語有許多方言，特別是中西部地區(qū)

和南部地區(qū)的方言，以及美國黑人和西班牙人的方言。

即使在美國有些地區(qū)，兩個相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的人所說的方言也

可能稍有不同。美國英語之所以有這么多的方言是因為

美國人是來自世界各地的緣故。

地理位置對方言的形成也有所影響。住在美國東部山區(qū)

的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。當(dāng)美國人從一個地

方搬到另一個地方時，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去

了。因此，美國東南部山區(qū)的人同美國西北部的人所說

的方言就幾乎相同。美國是一個大國，有著許許多多彼

此不同的方言。雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)?/p>

然能夠辨別和理解彼此的方言。

Readingandspeaking讀與說

1AmyandherAmericanfriendsarevisitingLondon.

TheyplantovisitAmy'sauntanddecidetogothereby

underground,butcannotfindthenearestunderground

station.Sosheasksdirectionsandthentellsherfriends.

Readthedialogueandcirclethewordsthatmeanthe

same.

1艾米和她的美國朋友正在參觀倫敦。她們計劃去拜

訪艾米的姑媽，并決定乘地鐵去，但是她們找不到最近

的地鐵站。所以她問問了路，然后告訴她的朋友。讀對

話，然后圈出意思相同的詞。

AMY:Excuseme,Ma'ma.Couldyoutellmewherethe

nearestsubwaysis?

LADY:Er...theunderground?Well,goroundthecorner

onyourleft-handside,straightonandcrosstwostreets.

It'llbeonyourright-handside.

AMY:Thankssomuch.

FRIENDS:Whatdidshesay,Amy?

AMY:Shetoldustogoaroundthecornerontheleftand

keepgoingstraightfortwoblocks.Thesubwaywillbeon

ourright.

艾米：對不起，夫人，你能告訴我去最近的地鐵站怎么

走嗎

夫人

：呃……地鐵？哦，往左邊拐過去，一直往前走,

走過

,地鐵就是右邊。

艾米

：多謝了。

朋友

：艾米，她說什么？

艾米

：她叫我們往左邊拐過去，一直往前走，走過兩條

街，地鐵就是右邊。

【意思相同的詞】

subways>underground（地鐵）

right-handside<>right（右邊）

streets——>block街道，街區(qū)

第三單元

Traveljournal

JOURNEYDOWNTHEMEKONG

PART1THEDREAMANDTHEPLAN

MynameisWangKun.Eversincemiddleschool,

mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakinga

greatbiketrip.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensive

mountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.

Lastyear,shevisitedourcousins,DaoWeiandYuHang

attheircollegeinKunming.TheyareDaiandgrewupin

westernYunnanProvinceneartheLancangRiver,the

ChinesepartoftheriverthatiscalledtheMekongRiver

inothercountries.WangWeisoongottheminterestedin

cyclingtoo.Aftergraduatingfromcollege.wefinallygot

thechancetotakeabiketrip.Iaskedmysister,nWhere

arewegoing?nItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideato

cyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbegins

towhereitends.Nowsheisplanningourschedulefor

thetrip.

Iamfondofmysisterbutshehasoneserious

shortcoming.Shecanbereallystubborn.Althoughshe

didn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsisted

thatsheorganizethetripproperly.Now,Iknowthatthe

properwayisalwaysherway.Ikeptaskingher,“When

areweleavingandwhenarewecomingback?”Iasked

herwhethershehadlookedatamapyet.Ofcourse,she

hadn't;mysisterdoesn'tcareaboutdetails.SoItoldher

thatthesourceoftheMekongisinQinghaiProvince.

Shegavemeadeterminedlook-thekindthatsaidshe

wouldnotchangehermind.WhenItoldherthatour

journeywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5,000

metres,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.WhenItold

hertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbevery

cold,shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.I

knowmysisterwell.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,

nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.

Severalmonthsbeforeourtrip,WangWeiandI

wenttothelibrary.Wefoundalargeatlaswithgood

mapsthatshoweddetailsofworldgeography.Fromthe

atlaswecouldseethattheMekongRiverbeginsina

glacieronaTibetanmountain.Atfirsttheriverissmall

andthewaterisclearandcold.Thenitbeginstomove

quickly.Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeep

valleys,travellingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.

Sometimestheriverbecomesawaterfallandenterswide

valleys.Wewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfofthe

riverisinChina.AfteritleavesChinaandthehigh

altitude,theMekongbecomeswide,brownandwarm.As

itentersSoutheastAsia,itspaceslows.Itmakeswide

bendsormeandersthroughlowvalleystotheplains

wherericegrows.Atlast,theriverdeltaenterstheSouth

ChinaSea.

沿湄公河而下的旅行

第一部分夢想與計劃

我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐和我就一直夢

想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛價錢

昂貴的山地自行車，然后她還說服我也買了一輛。去年

她去看望了我們的表兄弟一在昆明讀大學(xué)的刀偉和宇

航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長

大，湄公河在中國境內(nèi)的這一段叫瀾滄江，流經(jīng)其他國

家后就叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對騎車旅行產(chǎn)

生了興趣。到大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們終于有了作一次騎車旅

行的機會。我問姐姐：“我們要去哪里？”首先想到要沿

湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅行的是我的姐姐?，F(xiàn)在，她

正為這次旅行制訂計劃。

我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個嚴(yán)重的缺點，她有

時確實很固執(zhí)。盡管她對到某些地方的最佳路線并不清

楚，她卻堅持要把這次旅行安排的盡善盡美?，F(xiàn)在我知

道了這個盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我老是問她：

“我們什么時候動身？什么時候回來？”我問她是否已經(jīng)

看過地圖。當(dāng)然她并沒有看過，我的姐姐是不會考慮細(xì)

節(jié)的。于是我告訴她湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我

一個堅定的眼神一這種眼神表明她是不會改變主意的。

當(dāng)我告訴她我們的旅行將從5000多米的的高地出發(fā)時，

她似乎顯得很興奮。當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會

很困難，而且天氣會很冷時，她卻說這將是一次很有趣

的經(jīng)歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，就什

么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。

在我們旅行前的幾個月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我

們找到了一本大型的地圖冊，里面有一些世界地理的明

細(xì)圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河源于西藏一座山上

的冰川。起初，河很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始

快速流動。它穿過深谷時就變成了急流。流經(jīng)云南西部。

有時，這條河形成瀑布進入寬闊的峽谷。我們驚奇的發(fā)

現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國境內(nèi)。當(dāng)流出中國，流出高地

后，湄公河就變寬，變暖了。河水也變成了黃褐色。而

當(dāng)它進入東南亞以后，流速減慢，河水變寬慢慢地穿過

低谷，到了長著稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各

支流流入中國南海。

Readinganddiscussing

JOURNEYDOWNTHEMEKONG

PART2ANIGHTINTHEMOUNTAINS

Althoughitwasautumn,thesnowwasalready

beginningtofallinTibet.Ourlegsweresoheavyand

coldthattheyfeltlikeblocksofice.Haveyoueverseen

snowmenridebicycles?That'swhatwelookedlike!

Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoats

stoppedtolookatus.Inthelateafternoonwefoundit

wassocoldthatourwaterbottlesfroze.However,the

lakesshonelikeglassinthesettingsunandlooked

wonderful.WangWeirodeinfrontofmeasusual.Sheis

veryreliableandIknewIdidn'tneedtoencourageher.

Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswelooked

aroundus,weweresurprisedbytheview.Weseemedto

beabletoseeformiles.Atonepointweweresohighthat

wefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.Thenwe

begangoingdownthehills.Itwasgreatfunespeciallyas

itgraduallybecamemuchwarmer.Inthevalleyscolorful

butterfliesflewaroundusandwesawmanyyaksand

sheepeatinggreengrass.Atthispointwehadtochange

ourcaps,coats,glovesandtrousersforT-shirtsand

shorts.

Intheearlyeveningwealwaysstoptomakecamp.

Weputupourtentandthenweeat.AftersupperWang

Weiputherheaddownonherpillowandwenttosleep

butIstayedawake.Atmidnighttheskybecameclearer

andthestarsgrewbrighter.Itwassoquiet.Therewas

almostnowind-onlytheflamesofourfireforcompany.

AsIlaybeneaththestarsIthoughtabouthowfarwe

hadalreadytravelled.

WewillreachDaliinYunnanProvincesoon,whereour

cousinsDaoWeiandYuHangwilljoinus.Wecanhardly

waittoseethem!

Unit4Earthquakes

ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN'TSLEEP

Strangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideof

northeastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillage

wellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Farmersnoticedthatthe

wellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascame

outofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensand

eventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.Miceranoutofthe

fieldslookingforplacestohide.Fishjumpedoutoftheir

bowlsandponds.Atabout3:00amonJuly28,1976,some

peoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.Thesoundofplanes

couldbeheardoutsidethecityofTangshanevenwhen

noplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesin

somebuildingscrackedandburst,buttheonemillion

peopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,were

asleepasusualthatnight.

At3:42ameverythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasifthe

worldwasatanend!Elevenkilometersdirectlybelow

thecitythegreatestearthquakeofthe20thcenturyhad

begun.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwo

hundredkilometersaway.One-thirdofthenationfeltit.

Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirty

metreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Steam

burstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrock

becameriversofdir.Infifteenterriblesecondsalarge

citylayinruins.Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextreme.

Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereleftwithoutparents.

Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjured

reachedmorethan400,000.

Buthowcouldthesurvivorsbelieveitwasnatural?

Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.

Allofthecity'shospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesand

buildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.Bricks

coveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Nowind,

however,couldblowthemaway.Twodamsfellandmost

ofthebridgesalsofellorwerenotsafefortravelling.The

railwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofsteel.Tensof

thousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagain.Halfa

millionoigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnow

filledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewere

shocked.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake

whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshook

Tangshan.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorswere

trappedundertheruins.Morebuildingsfell

down.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.people

begabtowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.

AllhopewasnotlostSoonafterthequakes,thearmysent

150,000soldierstoTangshantohelptherescue

workers.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewere

helped.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewho

weretrappedandtoburythedead.Tothenorthofthe

city,mostofthe10,000minerswererescuedfromthecoal

minesthere.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhose

homeshadbeendestroyed.Freshwaterwastakentothe

citybutrain,truckandplane.Slowly,thecitybeganto

breatheagain.

OfficeoftheCityGovernment

Tangshan,Hebei

China

July5,2007

Dear,

Congratulations!Wearepleasedtotellyouthatyouhave

wonthehighschoolspeakingcompetitionaboutnew

Tangshan.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffive

judges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethis

year.Yourparentsandyourschoolshouldbeveryproud

ofyou!

Nextmonththecitywillopenanewparktohonourthose

whodiedintheterribledisaster.Theparkwillalso

honourthosewhohelpedthesurvivors.Ourofficewould

liketohaveyouspeaktotheparkvistorsonJuly28at

11:00am.Asyouknow,thisisthedaythequake

happenedthirty-yearsago.

Weinviteyoutobringyourfamilyandfriendsonthat

specialday.

Sincerely,

ZhangSha

Unit5

ELIAS9STORY

MynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouth

Africa.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasa

verydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.It

wasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhom

Iwentforadvice.Heofferedguidancetopoorblack

peopleontheirlegalproblems.Hewasgenerouswithhis

time,forwhichIwasgrateful.

IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.I

beganschoolatsix.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonly

twoyearswasthreekilometersaway.Ihadtoleave

becausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschool

feesandthebusfare.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.After

tryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswas

atimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktolivein

Johannesburg.SadlyIdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnot

bornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecome

outofwork.

ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmy

happiest.HetoldmyhowtogetthecorrectpaperssoI

couldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopeful

aboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.

WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,Ijoineditas

soonasIcould.Hesaid:

“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberof

lawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywe

havereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsat

all.”

Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoose

theirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.

Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecided

bywhitepeople.Theplacesoutsidethetownswherethey

weresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.

Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandela

said:

”???wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeitherto

acceptwewerelessimportantorfightthegovernment.

Wechosetoattackthelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawina

waywhichwaspeaceful;whenthiswasnot

allowed...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewith

violence.

Asamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence...butin1963I

helpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Itwas

verydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputin

prison.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwould

helpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhite

peopleequal.

THERESTOFELIAS，STORY

YoucannotimaginehowthenameofRobbenIsland

madeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromwhichnoone

escaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.But

whenIgotthereNelsomMandelawasalsothereandhe

helpedme.MrMandelabeganaschoolforthoseofus

whohadlittlelearning.Hetaughtusduringthelunch

breaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeen

asleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandused

anythingwecouldfindtomakecandlestoseethewords.

Ibecameagoodstudent.Iwantedtostudyformydegree

butIwasnotallowedtodothat.Later,MrMandela

allowedtheprisonguardstojoinus.Hesaidtheyshould

notbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.They

werenotclevererthanme,buttheydidpasstheirexams.

SoIknweIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeel

goodaboutmyself.

WhenIfinishedthefouryearsinprison,Iwenttofinda

job.SinceIwasbettereducated,Igotajobworkingin

anoffice.However,thepolicefoundoutandtoldmyboss

thatIhadbeeninprinsonforblowingupgovernment

buildings.SoIlostmyjob.Ididnotworkagainfor

twentyyearsuntilMrMandelaandtheANCcameto

powerin1994.Allthattimemywifeandchildrenhadto

begforgoodandhelpfromrelativesorfriends.Luckily

MrMandelarememberedmeandgavemeajobtaking

touristsaroundmyoldprisononRobbenIslannd.Ifelt

badthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.Alltheterrorand

fearofthattimecamebacktome.Irememberedthe

beatingsandthecrueltyoftheguardsandmyfriends

whohaddied.IfeltIwouldnotbeabletodoit,butmy

familyencouragedme.Theysaidthatthejobandthe

payfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremy

rewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsforthe

Blacks.Sonowat511amproudtoshowvisitorsoverthe

prison,forIhelpedtomakeourpeoplefreeintheirown

land.

必修2unitl

INSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM

FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldnever

haveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeople

wouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.Thisgiftwasthe

AmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecause

severaltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.Theamber

whichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolour

likehoney.Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystyle

popularinthosedays.Itwasalsoatreasuredecorated

withgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry'sbest

artistsabouttenyearstomake.

Infact,theroomwasnotmadetobeagift.Itwas

designedforthepalaceofFrederickI.However,the

nextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamI,towhomthe

amberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.In1716he

gaveittoPetertheGreat.Inreturn,theCzarsenthima

troopofhisbestsoldiers.SotheAmberRoombecause

partoftheCzar'swinterpalaceinStPetersburg.About

fourmetreslong,theroomservedasasmallreception

hallforimportantvisitors.

Later,CatherineIIhadtheAmberRoommovedtoa

palaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenther

summers.Shetoldherartiststoaddmoredetailstoit.In

1770theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.

Almostsixhundredcandleslittheroom,anditsmirrors

andpicturesshonelikegold.Sadly,althoughtheAmber

Roomwasconsideredoneofthewondersoftheworld,it

isnowmissing.

InSeptember1941,theNaziarmywasnearSt

Petersburg.Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountries

wereatwar.BeforetheNaziscouldgettothesummer

palace,theRussianswereabletoremovesomefurniture

andsmallartobjectsfromtheAmberRoom.However,

someoftheNazissecretlystoletheroomitself.Inless

thantwodays100,000pieceswereputinside

twenty-sevenwooodenboxs.Thereisnodoubtthatthe

boxswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg,whichwas

atthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.Afterthat,

whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.

Recently,theRussiansandGermanshavebuiltanew

AmberRoomatthesummerpalace.Bystudyingold

photosoftheformerAmberRoom,theyhavemadethe

newonelookliketheoldone.In2003itwasreadyforthe

peopleofStPetersburgwhentheycelebratedthe300th

birthdayoftheircity.

AFACTORANOPINION?

Whatis