2025屆新高考英語沖刺復(fù)習(xí)語法填空解題方法Learningobjectives1.Tofindoutthecharacteristicsoftherationalclosetogether.2.Learningsomeskillstogettheanswer.3.Summarizethestepstodeterminetheanswertogether.題型特點有提示詞(動名形副代)無提示詞解題技巧有提示詞v.n.pron.adv.adj.謂語單復(fù)數(shù),所有格（’s）比較級與最高級人稱代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、反身代詞詞性變換詞義變換語態(tài)（主動、被動）時態(tài)主謂一致非謂語todo表將來；表目的doing表進(jìn)行；表主動、正在發(fā)生done表完成；表被動、發(fā)生過的動作解題技巧名變形-less-ly-ce-ty-ous-al詞性變換詞義變換動變形-tive-ful-able-ing-ed動變名-ment-ion/sion/tion-ance/ence否定un-mis-dis-in-im-ir-il-non-其他pre-re-com-解題技巧無提示詞art.prep.conj.pron.定冠詞：the（特指）不定冠詞:a/an（泛指）看搭配并列連詞:and,but,so,however,therefore……從屬連詞:that,who,whom,which,where,when,what,how,as……it連接并列兩個成分，前后要一致（詞形和數(shù)）一、非謂語動詞作定語當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語動詞為主動、將來關(guān)系時，用todo；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語動詞為被動、將來關(guān)系時，用tobedone；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語動詞為主動關(guān)系時，用doing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語動詞為被動且正在進(jìn)行關(guān)系時，用beingdone；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語動詞為被動且表完成關(guān)系時，用done.Exercise:Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

_________

(live)inthecountryside.2.Theinterestinglecture_______(give)byMr.Smithinthehallisabouthumanandnature.3.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain_________

(catch).livingtocatchgiven二、非謂語動詞作狀語不定式作目的狀語不定式作目的狀語的情況較多，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)目的性時，不定式前還可加inordertodo或soastodo結(jié)構(gòu)。HermotherplanstoflytoBeijingatleastfourtimesayearsoasto/inorderto

visither.2.不定式作結(jié)果狀語不定式作結(jié)果狀語常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：so…asto;such…asto（如此…以至于）;…enoughto;onlyto(意外的結(jié)果）；too…toI‘mnotsostupidastowriteitdown.Janehurriedbackonlytofindthathermotherhadleft.3.不定式作原因狀語形容詞作表語時，后面可接不定式作原因狀語，用以說明產(chǎn)生于這種情緒的原因或所表示的情況等。用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞常見的有：happy,lucky,glad,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,delighted等Iwashappytoseeheryesterday.（一）不定式作狀語（二）分詞作狀語分詞作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨、方式等。分詞作狀語的首要條件是分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語.表時間Turningaround,shesawanambulancedrivingup.2.表原因Notknowingheraddress,Iwasn’tabletocontacther.3.表條件Takenintime,themedicinewillbequiteeffective.4.表讓步Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.5.表方式Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.6.表伴隨Iofferedthemsomethingtoeat,thinkingtheymightbehungry.7.表結(jié)果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthatcountry.3.分詞作狀語時，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，還可與when,once,if,unless,although等連詞連用。Whenofferedhelp,oneoftensays”Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou.”Generallyspeaking,iftakenaccordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.2.havingdone和doing的區(qū)別:havingdone為doing完成時形式。表示動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。Doing表示動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生。Havingworkedtherefor30years,HaydnmovedtoLondon.Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.1.如何判斷是用ing還是用done，主要根據(jù)分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系。分詞作狀語的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。當(dāng)句子的主語是與非謂語動詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系時，用ing；當(dāng)句子的主語與分詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時，用done。_________(remind)nottomisstheflightat15;20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry._______(walk)inthefieldonMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.RemindedWalking注意事項：1.______theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.A．ToenjoyB．EnjoyingC．TohaveenjoyedD．Enjoy2.When_______forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A．a(chǎn)skingB．a(chǎn)skedC．havingaskedD．tobeasked3.Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,______atthenightsky.A．tostareB．staringC．staredD．havingstared4.(福建)______thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A．SpendingB．SpentC．HavingspentD．Tospend三、非謂語動詞作賓語（一）todo作賓語下列動詞只能用不定式作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：決心學(xué)會想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝主動答應(yīng)選計劃，同意請求幫一幫decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care，pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help?此外，afford,strive（努力）,happen，wait,threaten等也要用不定式作賓語。ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.(二)、ing作賓語下列動詞或詞組只能用動名詞作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想避免錯過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞禁止想象才冒險，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡?beused/accustomedto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,objectto（反對）,getdownto（開始著手做）,can’tstand（忍不?。?feellike(想要）,insiston（堅持）,havedifficultyin等短語后也要用動名詞作賓語。Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisklosingthegoodopportunity.consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon,admit,delay/putofffancy（想象，設(shè)想）,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate,forbid，imagine,risk,can’thelp（情不自禁）,mind,allow/permit,escape(三)既可以用todo也可以用ingforgettodosthdoingsthremembertodosthdoingsthtrytodosthdoingsthmeantodosthdoingsthgoontodosthdoingsthcan’thelp（to）dosthdoingsth(三)既可以用todo也可以用ingforgettodosthdoingsth忘記要做過某事忘記已經(jīng)做過某事remembertodosthdoingsth記得要去做某事記得做過某事trytodosthdoingsth努力做某事嘗試做某事meantodosthdoingsth打算做某事意味著做某事goontodosthdoingsth做完某事接著做另一件事繼續(xù)做同樣的事can’thelp（to）dosthdoingsth不能幫助做某事情不自禁做某事(四)有人todo,無人doingallow,permit,forbid,advise+sb.+todosth.+doingsth.e.g.Inthemuseum,wealloweveryonetotakepictures,butwedon'tallowsmoking.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton_______allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.A．tothankB．thankingC．havingthankedD．tohavethanked2.Thesignonthewallofthelibrarysays,“Nomagazineisallowed_________outofthereadingroom”.beingtakenB.totakeC.tobetakenD.taking3.Istillremember________totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken4.Ididn'tmean___________anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp_______it.A.toeat;totryB.eating;tryingC.eating;totryD.toeat;trying四、非謂語動詞作補(bǔ)語(一）后接不定式作補(bǔ)語的動詞及動詞短語advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,wish,waitfor,callon(呼吁）,dependon等Thedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat.Theteacheraskedthestudentstofinishtheirhomework.（二）作感官動詞、使役動詞的賓補(bǔ)1.感官動詞see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel的賓補(bǔ)的四種形式，hear+賓語+doingsthdosthbeingdonedone聽見正在做某事聽見做了某事聽見正在被做聽見被做IheardhersinganEnglishsong.IheardhersinginganEnglishsong.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsung.I’dliketohearthesongsung.口訣：五看三室兩廳一感覺五看：see,watch,observe,notice,lookat三使：make,let,have兩聽：hear,listento一感覺：feel2.使役動詞make,have,let等的情況：（1）make+賓+do使…做doing使…持續(xù)做某事done使…被做(2)have+賓語+dosthdoingsthdone使…做某事使…持續(xù)做某事使…被做（3）let+賓語+dosthdoingsthdone讓…做某事讓…正在做某事讓…被做(4)get+賓語+todosthdoingsthdone使…做某事使…持續(xù)做某事使…被做(5)leave+賓語+todosthdoingsthdone使…做某事使…持續(xù)做某事使…被做1.Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself_______(hear).2.hehadus_____(wait)forhimthreehoursyesterday.3.Canyougetthework______(finish)intime.4.Ilefther_______(paint)thehorsefortwohours.heardwaitingfinishedpainting五、非謂語動詞作主語不定式todo和動名詞doing都可以做主語Eating

isanimportantthing.TotravelisnotawisechoiceonNationalDaythisyear.動詞的-ing形式作主語通常表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作，往往是普通的、一般的行為；動詞不定式作主語通常表示某次具體動作或行為。特殊用法：1.It作句子的形式主語，不定式todo作真正主語.常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：It

+be+n.+todosth.Ittakes/tooksb.+time+todosth.It+be+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.Itseems(appers)+adj.+todosth.例句：Itis

ourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.Ittakesme30minutes

togetto

myschooleveryday.Itisimportanttomasterasecondlanguage.ItseemsinterestingtolearnEnglish.2.It作句子的形式主語，doing作真正主語.常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：Itbe+nouse/nogood/useless/awasteof+-ing形式Therebe+nouse/nogood/nopoint/sense+-ing形式Thereisnogood__________(learn)theorywithoutpractice.Itwasawasteoftime___________(read)thatbook.learningreading3.疑問詞+todo做主語Whentohavetheexamhasn'tbeendecidedyet.1.__________(Listen)tomusic

isoneofmyfavouritehobbies.2.It’snouse

________(talk)tohim;hewon’tchangehismind.3.Asweallknow,

__________(smoke)

doesharmtoone’shealth.4.__________(Drink)alotofwater_____(be)goodforyou.用所給詞的正確形式填空。Listeningtalkingsmoking

Drinkingis六、非謂語動詞作表語Mytaskistofinishthewholeexercisebookinoneday.Myhobbyisdrawingpicture.HisprogressinEnglishisamazing.WeareamazedathisprogressinEnglish形式用法典例不定式表示具體、將來的動作Mytaskistofinishthewholeexercisebookinoneday.動名詞表示多次重復(fù)的動作Myhobbyisdrawingpicture.現(xiàn)在分詞可作形容詞，令人……的HisprogressinEnglishisamazing.過去分詞可作形容詞，感到……的WeareamazedathisprogressinEnglish1.Theenginejustwon’tstart.Somethingseem_______wrongwithit.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,_____itmoredifficult.A.nomakingB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.nortomakeWith結(jié)構(gòu)With+名詞或代詞（賓格）+名詞（短語）

+不定式（短語）+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）+過去分詞（短語）+介詞短語+形容詞（短語）+副詞（短語）Hecameintotheroom+withTomandJanehisclassmates.

with

alotofworktodo.withhisnosebleeding.withhishairtiedattheback.withapairofsunglassesonhisnose.withhisfaceredwithcold.withnothingon.非謂語動詞做狀語時的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子主語保持一致，但有時非謂語動詞帶有自己的邏輯主語，卻在句子中做狀語，我們稱之為“獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+doing/todo/done主語不一致時，分詞有自己的主語,作狀語，表原因，時間，伴隨，條件．時間允許的話，我們下周進(jìn)行測驗．Timepermitting,we’llhaveatestnextweek.他母親病了，他不得不留在家里．Hismotherbeingill,he

hadtostayathome.會議結(jié)束，他們離開了禮堂．Themeetingbeingover,theyleftthehall.我的眼鏡破了，只好再買一副．Myglassesbroken,I

hadtobuyanotherpair.旗幟飄揚(yáng)，戰(zhàn)士們繼續(xù)行進(jìn)．Flagsflying,thesoldiersmarchedon.原因伴隨條件時間原因Exercise:1.Thelecturemainlydealswiththetroubleyoungchildrenhave_______rightfromwrong.A．distinguishedB.distinguishingC．todistinguishD．tobedistinguished2.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_____frombutterfliestoelephants.A．rangingB．rangeC．torangeD．Ranged3.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_____，hegladlyacceptedit.A．finishedB．finishingC．havingfinishedD．wasfinished4.InthelibraryyoucanuseyourowncomputertoconnecttoWi-Fispecially_____forreaders.ApreparingB.toprepareC.preparedD.prepare5.________hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother’sDay.A．ExpressingB．ExpressedC．ToexpressD．Havingexpressed6.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph_____.takingB.takenC.beingtakenD.take7._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged8.Therehavebeenmanyadvancesinmedicineinrecentyears.Thatmeansmoney_____formedicalresearchhasbeenwellspent.usedB.usingC.touseD.tobeused9.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_____regularly,canimproveourhealth.A．beingcarriedoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout10.

,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.

TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting解題步驟有提示詞的做題步驟（以動詞為例）一、確定填空處是否是句子的謂語Perhapsyou

(have)someembarrassingsituationseversinceyoustartedtolearnEnglish.Englishisatrickylanguagethat____________(require)carefulattention.Thatwascompletelynotagoodidea,soIpolitelyrefusedherinvitation,__________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.句子缺謂語從句缺謂語謂語并列有提示詞的做題步驟（以動詞為例）：一、確定填空處是否是句子的謂語二、考慮謂語動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)及主謂一致句子缺謂語、從句缺謂語、并列結(jié)構(gòu)如何確定？按做題步驟解題有提示詞的語法填空Perhapsyou

(have)someembarrassingsituationseversinceyoustartedtolearnEnglish.Englishisatricky(難以捉摸的)languagethat____________(require)carefulattention.Thatwascompletelynotagoodidea,soIpolitelyrefusedherinvitation,______(close)mybookandwalkedaway.havehadrequiresclosed給出的動詞不能作謂語，咋辦？很簡單，變成非謂語動詞就好啦！再來三題有提示詞的語法填空Itisimportantforus___________(learn)English.____________(take)exerciseisofgreatbenefittous.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,_______(follow)bysomestudents.做題技巧：判斷要填非謂語確定非謂語的形式（todo,doing,done）tolearnfollowedTaking小試牛刀Social

(custom)aredifferentfromcountrytocountry.TodayisSeptember10th.It’s

(teacher)Day.Londonisthe

(big)cityinBritain.The

(hard)youtrytostudy,themorelikelyyouwillsucceed.Thedigitalagealsoenables

(we)tofindpeoplewhoshare

(we)interests.customsTeacher’sbiggestharderusour詞類轉(zhuǎn)換名詞轉(zhuǎn)形容詞動詞轉(zhuǎn)形容詞動詞轉(zhuǎn)名詞形容詞轉(zhuǎn)副詞詞義轉(zhuǎn)換詞類不變詞義相反Toadyisa

(cloud)day.Itwasa

(decide)stepforthisexperiment.Hehasstrongdeterminationthatis___________(willing)togiveuptheopportunity.1.確定提示詞詞性2.判斷空白處所需詞性3.變換詞性decisivecloudyunwilling這類考題詞類不需要改變，但需要注意根據(jù)句意判斷，此處是否需要反義詞?？赏ㄟ^加否定前綴如dis-，un-，后綴-less來改變詞義。題型特點之無提示詞冠詞代詞連詞介詞舉個??1.Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_____boymustlearntostandupandfightlike_____man.2.Asisknowntoall,_____

People'sRepublicofChinais____biggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.考察方式:a/an/the+名詞或a/an/the+形容詞+名詞冠詞aathethe介詞1.Ithinkit'sagoodidea

youtocomebacktoChina.2.Thoughsheisagirl,sheisinterested

football.3.Westillhavealongwaytogotosolvealltheproblemsinregard

theYangtzeRiver.介詞的考察:多數(shù)情況下出現(xiàn)在固定搭配中。forinto什么情況下，需要使用連詞？連詞以一個句號為單位的句子里，有兩個以上的句子。如：主句

____

從句.Thisquestionissodifficult_______noonecananswer.句子1,____

句子2.Followdoctor'sadvice,_______you’llgetbetter.連詞以一個句號為單位的句子里，有兩個以上的句子。如：主句

____

從句.Thisquestionissodifficultthatnoonecananswer.句子1,____

句子2.Followdoctor'sadvice,andyou’llgetbetter.從屬連詞并列連詞什么情況下，需要使用連詞？1.Mymotherisgratefultothesurgeon

helphergreatly.2.I’dl