2025高考英語大二輪專題強(qiáng)化練高考題型組合練作業(yè)7社會服務(wù)類記敘文作業(yè)7社會服務(wù)類記敘文A(2021·北京)Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester(學(xué)期)projectofvolunteeringata①non-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)．MyfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.Then，anOIC②representativegaveussomedetails，whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch，Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair(絕望)andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible，andmakethemintokits—onekit，onechild.Themost③rewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday，whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths，IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits，IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted，andreadytobesentoverseas，thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.Inthebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten.Withourefforts，tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.1．HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?A．Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.B．Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.C．Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.D．Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.2．Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?A．ImagesofIraqichildren.B．Researchbyhis/herclassmates.C．Ateacher’sintroduction.D．Arepresentative’scomments.3．Theauthor’sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento________.A．becomeOICvolunteersB．furthertheireducationC．studyinforeigncountriesD．influenceotherchildren4．Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A．One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.B．Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Hewhohesitatesislost.語境猜詞①non-profit(派)＝non＋profit____________________②representative(派)＝represent＋ative____________________③rewarding(派)＝reward＋ing____________________B(2024·廣東韶關(guān)二模)Fornearlytwodecades，athin，①sun-burnt②postalworkercouldfrequentlybeseencarryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihangMountains.The10-kilometer-longroute，whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide，isknownasthe“catroad”bylocals，meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalkonit.③Whereas，ZhaoYuefang，apostalworkerinEwuTownshipinHuguanCounty，ShanxiProvince，hadtowalktherouteeverydaytodelivermail.Everydayatthecrackofdawn，hewouldstarthisjourneyalongthe“catroad”．Frompickinguptheday’sposttodeliveringittovillagersandreturningalongthesameroute，ittookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons，themountainroad，partofwhichhugsthecliffs，wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.Onedayinthewinterof2003，the“catroad”wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.Fortunately，hewasabletostophissharpdescentbygrabbingatreebranchandslowlymanagedtoclimbtosafety.By2012，Zhaohadwalkedmorethan300,000kmanddeliveredover800,000piecesofmail.Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains，Zhaotrulyunderstandsthesignificanceofmaildeliveriestovillagers.“Theydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththeoutsideworld，”hesaid.“Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme，”headded.In2012，a67-km-longtouristhighwaywasbuiltandgonewerethosedayswhenZhaoriskedhislifetowalkonthe“catroad”．ButZhaowasevenbusierthanbefore.“ThenumberofpackagesIhandledailynow④exceedsthenumberIusedtodealwithinthepast，”saidZhao，addingthatvillagersareturningtoonlineshoppingandorderingmoreandmoregoodsbypost.5．Whyisthemountaintrailreferredtoas“catroad”？A．It’sshapedlikeacat. B．It’sintendedforcats.C．Itistoonarrowandrisky. D．⑤Itrainscatsanddogsthere.6．Whatdoestheword“descent”inparagraph3mean?A．Fall.B．Pain.C．Turn.D．Landing.7．Accordingtothepassage，whichwordscanbestdescribeZhao?A．Persistentanddedicated.B.Diligentandambitious.C．Considerateandconfident.D．Courageousandgenerous.8．WhathasalwaysmotivatedZhao’senthusiasmforhisjob?A．Thevillagers’respectforhim.B．Hisbeingbornandraisedthere.C．Today’shugenumberofthepackages.D．Thevalueofthedeliveriestothelocals.語境猜詞①sun-burnt(合)＝sun＋burnt____________________②postal(派)＝post＋al____________________③whereas____________________④exceed(派)＝ex＋ceed____________________⑤Itrainscatsanddogs.(俚)_______________________________________________C(2024·四川攀枝花二模)Inspring2015，after39yearswithColumbiaPictures，Iretiredandfoundmyselfwithlotsoffreetimetospare.Idecidedtousethattimetovolunteer.Whiletutoringwiththeadultliteracyprogramatmylocallibrary，anadvertising①flyerforaneighborhoodgroupcalledWestchesterVillagescaughtmyeye.Itsmainjobisaboutmatching②agingneighborswithlocalvolunteerswhohelptheminanumberofdifferentways:Makingshortvisits，beingawalkingpartner，ordrivingtodoctors’appointmentsandthelike.Iamhappytooffermyselfasaresponsiblepersonandacomforttosomeonewhoisnervousabouttheirappointmentandconcernedaboutgettingtheresafelyontime.I’musuallyavailabletostaywiththepersonI’mdrivingduringtheirvisitandaccompanythembacktomycarfortheridehome.Thesedrivesalsocanbeidealtimesforrelaxingconversation.I’vehadmanydiscussionswiththem，discoveredmanycommoninterests，andheardnumerousextendedstoriesofpasttravelsandfamilyhistories.Ioftenbeginridesbycomfortinganervousneighborbycalmlysaying，“Iknowwherewe’regoing，themostdirectroute，andthebestplacetopark.You’reingoodhandswithme.”Thesedrivingexperiencesalsohaveaffordedmeopportunitiesforreflection.I’vecometofeelunitedwiththeneighborsIhavecometoknow，andamoreeagerawarenessoftheagingprocessweallshare.Inlivingthroughsomuchtimewiththem，IrealizeI’mgoingthroughthesamestages.Afinalirony(諷刺)forthismovieloveristhatInolongerneedtogotoa③darkenedtheatreandgazeatabigscreeninsearchofhighdrama.Whetherit’saWorldWarⅡ-erafamilystoryoranxietyaboutcurrenteventsorgoodnewsfromadoctor，Iexperienceallfromadefinitelyfrontrowseat.9．Whatdidtheauthordecidetododuringhisfreetime?A．Workasalibrarian.B．Giveridesforelderlypeople.C．Makingshortvisitstosickpeople.D．Playmatcheswithagingneighbors.10．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Creativeandcompetent.B．Talentedandwarm-hearted.C．Devotedandconsiderate.D．Ambitiousandhard-working.11．Whatmighttheauthor’sdrivingexperiencesremindhimof?A．Hisownagingprocess.B．Adriver’sresponsibility.C．Thevalueofconversations.D．Passengers’wordsofcomfort.12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theauthorhasbeenanxiousabouthishealth.B．Theauthorhasnointerestindramasanymore.C．Theauthorpreferswatchingmoviesfromafrontrow.D．Theauthorhasfoundanewwayofexperiencinglife.語境猜詞①flyer(派)＝fly＋er____________________②aging(派)＝age＋ing____________________③darkened(派)＝dark＋en＋ed____________________語境猜詞答案A．①非營利的②代表③值得做的，有意義的B．①曬黑的②郵政的，郵遞的③但是，然而④超過，超出⑤下傾盆大雨。C．①傳單②變老的，變舊的③變黑的，漆黑的，沒有燈光的答案精析語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者在網(wǎng)站上看到伊拉克兒童的面孔后感受到了他們的絕望和需求。于是，作者和其他志愿者決定為伊拉克兒童盡可能多地收集學(xué)習(xí)用品，這使得十名伊拉克兒童得以繼續(xù)接受教育。1．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)”和本段尾句“Myfirstimpression...Ihadinmind.”可知，作者一開始認(rèn)為該組織與心中的期望不符，故D項正確。]2．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Theirfaceswereso...withouthesitation.”可知，伊拉克兒童的面孔有力地傳達(dá)了他們的絕望和需要，所以作者毫不猶豫地加入了這個項目。據(jù)此可知，伊拉克兒童的形象是作者改變對這一項目的態(tài)度的主要原因，故A項正確。]3．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文尾句“Withourefforts...furthertheireducation.”可知，在作者和其他志愿者的努力下，十名伊拉克兒童得以繼續(xù)接受教育，故B項正確。]4．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段尾句“Myfirstimpression...inmind.”可知，作者對伊拉克兒童行動組織的第一印象并不好，認(rèn)為該組織與自己的期望不符；根據(jù)第二段第四句“Theirfaceswere...withouthesitation.”可知，當(dāng)看到伊拉克兒童的面孔有力地傳達(dá)了他們的絕望和需要時，作者決定加入這一組織；再根據(jù)尾段可知，通過加入這一組織，作者影響了十名伊拉克兒童。據(jù)此可以推知，第一印象并不可信。故B項正確。]語篇解讀本文是記敘文。文章講述了一位名叫趙月芳的郵政工作人員往返于太行山的危險山路上致力于郵件投遞的故事，通過描述他的工作經(jīng)歷和所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，展現(xiàn)了其堅持不懈和甘于奉獻(xiàn)的精神。5．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，這條路非常危險，只有貓才能在上面走，所以被稱為“貓路”。故選C。]6．A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Onedayinthewinterof2003，the‘catroad’wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.”再結(jié)合后文“grabbingatreebranch”可知，他滑下了小路，但是他抓住了一根樹枝，這應(yīng)是阻止了急劇的下滑，可推知descent意為“下降”，和A項意思相近。故選A。]7．A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、三段內(nèi)容可知，趙月芳20年來一直往返于太行山一條被稱為“貓路”的危險山路上致力于投遞郵件，他堅持不懈、有奉獻(xiàn)精神，即使路途危險也不放棄。故選A。]8．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，他出生并成長于深山，真切理解郵件派送對于村民的重要性，所以郵件對于當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊饬x一直是他工作的動力。故選D。]語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為志愿者幫助老人的經(jīng)歷，這讓他找到了一種新的生活體驗方式。9．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，作者退休后決定在他的空閑時間給年邁的鄰居提供免費(fèi)搭車服務(wù)。故選B。]10．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者在退休后致力于給年邁的鄰居提供免費(fèi)搭車服務(wù)。第四段前兩句提到：有我在，你會得到很好的照顧。由此可知，作者是全身心投入到志愿者工作中，同時對老人非常體貼。故選C。]11．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后三句“I’vecometofeel...Inlivingthroughsomuchtimewiththem，IrealizeI’mgoingthroughthesamestages.”可知，作者的這段給年邁鄰居提供免費(fèi)搭車服務(wù)的經(jīng)歷讓他想到自己的衰老過程。故選A。]12．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Afinalirony(諷刺)forthismovieloveristhat...Iexperienceallfromadefinitelyfrontrowseat.”可知，作者通過傾聽發(fā)生在客人身上的故事，找到一種新的體驗生活的方式。故選D。]作業(yè)8環(huán)境保護(hù)類記敘文A(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)WhenJohnToddwasachild，helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse，observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder，Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture，medicine，and①fisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneat②cancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥)．First，heconstructedaseriesofclear③fiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle，thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirown④ecosystem.Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopeda⑤greenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling.B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind.D．Helongedtobeadoctor.2．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals.B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants.D．Totesttheeco-machine.3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C．TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.4．WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself.B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse.D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.語境猜詞①fishery(派)＝fish＋ery______________________________________________②cancer-causing(合)＝cancer＋causing____________________③fiberglass(合)＝fiber＋glass____________________④ecosystem(派)＝eco＋system____________________⑤greenhouse-like(合)＝greenhouse＋like____________________B(2024·山東臨沂高三一模)WatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay，Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmental①injustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult，herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrash-burningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool，sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean，②renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceof③brain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear，bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.Sheco-foundedFreeYourVoice(FYV)，a10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsandsocialjustice.Together，theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers，theincinerator’sdeveloper.Theywent④door-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools(BCPS)wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergyAnswers，theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase，urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract，whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain，EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuturewhichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement，asolarfarm，andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.5．WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatford’scommunity?A．Poormedicalcare.B．Terribleenvironmentalconditions.C．Constantbacterialinfection.D．Unbalanceddistributionofresources.6．WhatisWatford’sattitudetobuildingtheincinerator?A．Unfavourable.B．Doubtful.C．Unclear.D．Indifferent.7.Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?A．BCPSlostfinancialsupport.B．EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.C．Theinvestorsfoundanewmarket.D．Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ATeenageHeroAgainstUrbanizationB．ATeenageHeroFightingforanAdvancedCityC．ABattleforBaltimore’sSkybyaTeenageHeroD．TheSocialJusticeChallengeforaTeenageHero語境猜詞①injustice(派)＝in＋justice____________________②renewable(派)＝re＋new＋able____________________③brain-damaging(合)＝brain＋damaging____________________④door-to-door(合)＝door＋to＋door____________________C(2024·廣東江門一模)Acrosstheworld，humanspurchasearound1.3billion①single-useplasticwaterbottlesaday.Becauseonlyabout9%ofplasticisrecycled，thevastmajorityofthosebottles②windupinlandfills，theocean，orelsewhereinnature.Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottlesduringherfamily’stripstoCalifornia，the12-year-oldgirl“justfeltthisneededtochange，”shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.Soasshebeganthinkingaboutwhattodoforherschoolsciencefairbackin2021，theideaofaprojectcenteredonreducingplasticpollutionquicklycametohermind:shewoulddesignan③eatablewaterbottlecalledtheEco-Hero.“Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwaswantingtohelptheworld，”theconfidentyounginventorsaidinavideoonthewebsite.Tobringherideatolife，Madisonbuiltuponthealreadyestablishedmethodbyexperimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles，thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.Shefoundthatthecombinationofwater，lemonjuice，naturalgum，andAlginicacid(褐藻酸)resultedinagelpouchthatwouldn’tbreak，couldholdupto3/4cupofwater，andwouldlastinthefridgeforthreeweeks.Thoughshe’dliketoimprovetheEco-Herobymakingitabletoholdmorewater，shebelieveshercurrentversionwouldworkwellasareplacementforthepapercupsusedbyrunnersinraces.Alloneneedstodoisbiteaholeinthewaterball，drinkthewater，andtheneatthepouchorthrowitawaytobiodegrade.MadisonhopestheEco-Heroinspiresotherstotakebettercareoftheplanet.“Itdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetobeinabigway，”shetoldSmithsonian.“Peoplecanstillmakeadifferenceintheworld，evenifit’sjustinasmallway.”9．WhatinspiredMadison’sdesignofaneatablewaterbottle?A．Herschool’stask.B．Herfamily’surge.C．Herlovefornature.D．Hertripstothebeach.10．WhatcanweknowabouttheEco-Hero?A．Itisacopyofthepreviousversions.B．Itismadefrom④unbreakablematerials.C．Itisanimprovementinsizeand⑤durability.D．Ithasaholeandshouldbedisposedonceused.11.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMadison?A．Ambitiousandcreative.B．Talentedanddetermined.C．Courageousandconfident.D．Cooperativeandcommitted.12．Whichsentencecandescribethemainideaofthetext?A．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.B．Smallpeoplemakebigmoves.C．Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.D．Greatmindsthinkalike.語境猜詞①single-use(合)＝single＋use____________________②windup____________________③eatable(派)＝eat＋able____________________④unbreakable(派)＝un＋break＋able____________________⑤durability(派)＝durable＋ity____________________語境猜詞答案A．①漁業(yè)；漁場；水產(chǎn)業(yè)②致癌的③玻璃纖維；玻璃絲④生態(tài)系統(tǒng)⑤類似溫室的B．①不公正，無道義②可更新的，可再生的③損傷大腦的④挨家挨戶地C．①一次性的②結(jié)束，終結(jié)③可吃的，可食用的④牢不可破的；不易破損的⑤持久性，耐用性答案精析語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了約翰·托德從小就很愛思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個生態(tài)機(jī)器，利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來凈化污水。1．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個孩子的時候，他喜歡探索他家周圍的樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問題的。長大后，約翰開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂。根據(jù)第二段可知，在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。由此可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C。]2．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.”以及第四段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.”可知，約翰把污泥放進(jìn)罐子里是為了測試生態(tài)機(jī)器。故選D。]3．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示關(guān)于約翰想法的一項實際應(yīng)用。故選B。]4．A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段及最后一段中的“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是大自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A。]語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了惡劣的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致Watford所在社區(qū)的居民出現(xiàn)健康問題，Watford和另外9名學(xué)生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發(fā)起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運(yùn)動，最終迫使該項目被叫停。5．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.”可知，惡劣的環(huán)境條件導(dǎo)致Watford所在社區(qū)的居民出現(xiàn)呼吸問題，故選B。]6．A[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段末句“Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.”可知，Watford反對建立垃圾焚化爐，故選A。]7．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“BCPSwasconvincedto...tomoveforwardwithitsplan.”可知，Watford發(fā)起的運(yùn)動迫使開發(fā)商EnergyAnswers停止了其計劃。故選B。]8．C[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述惡劣的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致Watford所在社區(qū)的居民出現(xiàn)健康問題，Watford和另外9名學(xué)生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發(fā)起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運(yùn)動，最終迫使該項目被叫停，故C項“少年英雄為巴爾的摩的天空而戰(zhàn)”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選C。]語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了12歲的女孩Madison為了解決塑料瓶污染的問題，發(fā)明了可食用的水瓶。9．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenbeach-loving...shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.”可知，Madison在旅行時發(fā)現(xiàn)海灘上有塑料瓶，這讓她產(chǎn)生了設(shè)計可食用水瓶的想法。故選D。]10．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Shealso...hersbiggerandmoredurable.”可知，她從以前的可食用水瓶中獲得靈感，并且讓自己的水瓶更大、更耐用，也就是在體積和耐用性上有了改善。故選C。]11．A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Tobringherideatolife...moredurable.”可知，Madison根據(jù)已經(jīng)建立的方法和從以前的可食用水瓶中獲得的靈感，通過實驗設(shè)計出了更大、更耐用的水瓶，由此可推測出，她是有創(chuàng)造力的(creative)。根據(jù)第四段可知，她有幫助世界的抱負(fù)，即她是有抱負(fù)的(ambitious)。故選A。]12．B[主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中Madison的話“Itdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetobeinabigway”和“Peoplecanstillmakeadifferenceintheworld，evenifit’sjustinasmallway.”可知，年僅12歲的女孩Madison設(shè)計出了可食用的水瓶，用自己的方式幫助保護(hù)環(huán)境，她認(rèn)為人們不一定要做出非常大的成就，小事情也能有重要影響，所以B項“小人物也能有大成就”能概括本文大意。故選B。]作業(yè)9新聞報道類記敘文A(2024·湖南株洲高三一模)Sallows，theownerofabarbershop，designedawheelchair-accessiblebarberchair，whichwasbroughttorealitybytheengineersintheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter.Theyhavedevelopedthedevicethatwillhelpindividualswithphysicaldisabilitieshaveamore①tailored，comfortableandsafeexperienceatthebarbershop.“It’sabarberchair—thatwasthefirstconcept，”saidSallows.“Butnowweareintheprocessofcreating，developing，andapplyingnewtechnologiesforapplicationsinmultiplesettingssuchasdentistchairsorstadiumseats.”Sallowsworkedinahospitalasacertifiedtherapist(治療專家)fornearly20years.Heenjoyedhiscareerbutdecidedtolearnatrade.“Iwantsomethinginthewheelhouseoftherapists，”saidSallows.“Ineedsomethingfulfilling，soIthinkbarbering.”Inoneway，somemayseeitasabigcareerchange，butSallowssaysheisstillatherapist.“Ijoke，IsayI’vegonefromtherapyto‘hairapy’，”saidSallows.“Barberinggivesmethat②therapeutickindofenvironmentthatallowsmetostilltalk.Peopleknowmeasatherapistwhentheycomein，notonlyasabarber，andso，justtheconversationsarereallycool.”Sallowslearnedthatabarbershopprovedcomplexforclientsinwheelchairs.Havingone’shairwashedorgettingacloseshaveoftenmeansbeingphysicallyliftedoutofthewheelchairandintoabarberchair—anexperiencethatisbothdifficultandembarrassing.SoSallows，withthehelpoftheUPMC，hascreatedthebarberchairthatliftsandtipsawheelchairbacksafelyandcomfortably.Theuserrollsontothebarberchairandisraisedoneortwofeet，muchlikewhatonewouldseeinacarshop.Sallowshopesthatthedevicewillprovideclientswiththekindofservicepeoplehavecometoappreciateatabarbershop.1．WhatisSallows’sachievement?A．Hewasnamedasthebesttherapist.B．HebecameanengineeroftheUPMC.C．Hecreatedtailoredandcomfortabledentistchairs.D．Hedesignedabarberchairforthe③wheelchair-bound.2．WhydidSallowschoosetoworkinbarberingtrade?A．Hecouldtalktocoolclients.B．Hewaseagertomakeafortune.C．Hecouldusehisformerexperience.D．Hewantedtostartadifferentcareer.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSallows?A．Cooperativeandgenerous.B．Innovativeandcaring.C．Talentedandcompetitive.D．Modestandcompetent.4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ATailoredCut B．AFlexibleWheelchairC．ASkilledBarber D．ASpecialBarbershop語境猜詞①tailored(派)＝tailor＋ed____________________②therapeutic(派)＝therap＋eu＋tic____________________③wheelchair-bound(合)＝wheelchair＋bound____________________B(2024·吉林一模)PhebeCoxgrewupinwhatmightseemanunlikelymentalhealthdangerzoneforakid:tonyPaloAlto，California.Butbehinditssurfaceoffamilysuccessandwealth，shesaid，isanenvironmentofheavypressureonstudentstoperform.By2016，whenCoxwasinmiddleschool，PaloAltohadateensuicideratefourtimesthenationalaverage.Cox’sfamilylivedbytherailroadtrackswheremanyofthesuicidesoccurred.Shegotcounseling(咨詢)．Butthatchoiceisnotalwayseasilyavailabletoteensincrisis—andsheandherpeersregardedschoolmentalhealthservicesastheirlastchoicebecauseofconcernsaboutprivacy.Anewprogramprovidesanalternative.CalledAllcove，itoffers①unattachedhealthand②wellnesssitestothoseages12to25.AlthoughAllcoveisbuilttosupportawiderangeofphysical，emotionalandsocialneeds，itsmaingoalistodealwithmentalhealthchallengesbeforetheydevelopintodeeperproblems.Coxsaid，“Ifeltprettyhelplessasayoungteenager，butAllcoveisallaboutthestudentsandthestudents’needs.”Abouthalfofalllifetimementalillnessbeginsbyage14and75%beforeage25，accordingtoresearchers.YetaccesstomentalhealthcareintheU．S.islacking.AccordingtotheNationalAllianceonMentalIllness,③some30millionadultsandchildrenwithmentalhealthconditionsgowithouttreatment，and129millionpeopleliveinareaswithshortagesofmentalhealthprofessionals.Allcoveprovidesfullystaffedsafespacesforteensandyoungadultstodiscussanddealwiththeirhealth，bothmentalandphysical.Dr.StevenAdelsheim，apsychiatrist，whocreatedtheAllcovein2014，said，“Thereisa④cryingneedintheU．S.toreachkidswithearlyinterventionandhelp.”Sometimesakidmaycomeinwithaphysicalcomplaint，andonlyafterafewvisitsisthementalsufferingbroughtoutintotheopen.Whenthathappens，Allcovecanmakea“warm⑤handoff”toamentalhealthspecialistonsite.Success，sayAdelsheimandCox，wouldmeantheestablishmentofhundredsofAllcovecentersupanddownthestateand，eventually，aroundthecountry.5．WhydidCoxandherpeersregardschoolmentalhealthservicesastheirlastchoice?A．Theywereindifferenttotheprogram.B．Theywereconcernedabouttheirhealth.C．Theywereupsetabouttheoccurrenceofthesuicides.D．Theywereworriedabouttheirpersonalinformationleak.6．HowdoestheauthorprovethelackofmentalhealthcareintheUS?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bylistingdata.C．Byshowingcomparison.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph5mean?A．Thesenseofmentalsuffering.B．Involvementofhealthexperts.C．Complaintsaboutphysicalsuffering.D．Thepressingcallforassistance.8．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A．Predictable. B．Short-lived.C．Unidentifiable. D．Significant.語境猜詞①unattached(派)＝un＋attach＋ed____________________②wellness(派)＝well＋ness____________________③some熟義：一些生義(文義)：adv.____________________④crying熟義：哭生義(文義)：adj.____________________⑤handoff(合)＝hand＋off____________________C(2024·山東德州一模)Withpetownershipbecomingmorepopular，being①saddenedbythelossofabelovedpetisbecomingaterribleheadache.LiPeng，awoolenfelt(毛氈)craftswoman，hasfoundauniquewaytopreservethememoryofdeadpetsbycreatingrealisticwoolenimages.Li’sjourneyintothiscraftis②accidental.Duringhercollegeyears，shemajoredine-commerceandworkedpart-timeatapetstore.On