Unit2GlobalPersonageTheMagicianSteveJobsBackgroundInformationLanguageFeaturesDetailedReadingPost-ReadingOrganizationAnalysisWarming-upQuestionsPassage1LanguageFeature報(bào)刊英語標(biāo)題的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)由于新聞標(biāo)題必須言簡意賅，不可能采用英語的所有時(shí)態(tài)形式來濃縮新聞事實(shí)。為此，新聞標(biāo)題形成了自身獨(dú)有的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)，以達(dá)到使動詞既傳神達(dá)意又具時(shí)間感的目的。

英語報(bào)刊的新聞標(biāo)題中一般不用過去時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)然更不用過去完成時(shí)等時(shí)態(tài)，而采用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，使讀者閱報(bào)時(shí)一如置身于這條新聞事件中，這叫做“新聞現(xiàn)在時(shí)”

(journalisticpresenttense)。英語新聞標(biāo)題中常用的動詞時(shí)態(tài)主要有三種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。

1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常被用來表示過去發(fā)生的事通常情況下，報(bào)刊所載消息多為已發(fā)生過的事，按日常英語語法，標(biāo)題中的動詞應(yīng)使用過去時(shí)態(tài)，但是這樣容易給人產(chǎn)生一種陳舊感，似有“昨日黃花”之嫌，缺乏吸引力。為了彌補(bǔ)這一缺陷，英語新聞標(biāo)題常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從形式上來增強(qiáng)報(bào)道的新鮮感（freshness）、現(xiàn)實(shí)感（reality）和直接感（immediacy）。ComebackGivesChinaaSensationalThomasCupWin（＝TheComebackGaveChinaaSensationalThomasCupWin）中國隊(duì)反敗為勝榮獲湯姆斯杯StreetBattleinHeavyShellingasPeaceTalksProceed（＝StreetBattleinHeavyShellingasPeaceTalksProceeded）和平會談進(jìn)行之際巷戰(zhàn)依然炮聲隆隆2）動詞的將來時(shí)更多地直接采用動詞不定式來表達(dá)英語新聞標(biāo)題中動詞將來時(shí)的表達(dá)形式除一般將來時(shí)“will+動詞原形”外，更多的還是采用“聯(lián)系動詞be+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中聯(lián)系動詞be通常省略，以節(jié)省標(biāo)題字?jǐn)?shù)。換言之，動詞不定式在英語新聞標(biāo)題中可直接表示未來動作，這是因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ綐?biāo)志to只由兩個字母構(gòu)成，比一般將來時(shí)中的will來得少，故頻頻見諸英語報(bào)端。例如：LastTwoBeiruitHostagestoGoFree（=TheLastTwoHostagesinBeiruitAretoGoFree）貝魯特最后兩名人質(zhì)“獲釋在望”3）現(xiàn)在分詞直接表示正在進(jìn)行的動作或事件對于正在發(fā)生的事態(tài)或動作，英語新聞標(biāo)題也按日常英語語法規(guī)則處理，采用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”這一形式，但其中“be”又通常省略。因此，剩下的現(xiàn)在分詞便在新聞標(biāo)題中直接表示正在進(jìn)行的動作或正在發(fā)展的事態(tài)。例如：SignsofRiftsAppearinginArgentina’sJunta（＝TheSignsofRiftsAreAppearinginArgentina’sJunta）阿根廷軍人政府出現(xiàn)內(nèi)訌跡象BackgroundInformation

Bornin1955LosAltosCA,SteveJobs,alongwithSteveWozniak,co-foundedAppleComputerCorporationandbecameamultimillionairebeforetheageof30.

1)JobswasawardedtheNationalMedalofTechnologyfromPresidentRonaldReaganin1985,andtheJeffersonAwardforPublicServiceinthecategory“GreatestPublicServicebyanIndividual35YearsorUnder”in1987.

2)OnNovember27,2007,JobswasnamedthemostpowerfulpersoninbusinessbyFortuneMagazine.3)OnDecember5,2007,CaliforniaGovernorArnoldSchwarzeneggerandFirstLadyMariaShriverinductedJobsintotheCaliforniaHallofFame,locatedatTheCaliforniaMuseumforHistory,WomenandtheArts.SteveJobsRememberedListentothefollowingnewsandanswerthequestions:Question1:WhatdidSteveJobsdieof?Question2:HowdidtheApplefansmournJobs?Question3:WhatwereJobs’adoptparents?Question4:InwhichyeardidSteveJobsandhisfriendfoundApplecompany?SteveJobsRememberedListentothenewsagainandfillintheblanks.

SteveJobsmadetechnologyfun.

______________________________________________________.

Hehadfoughtforyearsagainstcancer.MournersgatheredoutsidehishouseinPaloAlto,California,andApplestoresaroundtheworld.TimBajarinispresidentofCreativeStrategies,ahigh-techresearchandconsultingcompany.Theco-founderofApplediedlastWednesdayattheageoffifty-six

TIMBAJARIN:“______________________________________________________________________.SteveJobshastheAppleⅡ,theMac,theiPod,theiPhone,theiPadandPixar.”SteveJobswasacollegedropout.________________________________________________.Theysupportedhisearlyinterestinelectronics.HeandhisfriendSteveWozniakstartedAppleComputer—nowjustcalledApple—innineteenseventy-six.Theystayedatthecompanyuntilnineteeneighty-five.___________________________________________________________________________________.Ifyouactuallylookatatechleader,they’rereallyhappyiftheyhaveonehitintheirlifeHewasadoptedbyamachinistandhiswife,anaccountantThatyear,SteveWozniakreturnedtocollegeandSteveJobsleft

inadispute

withthechiefexecutive

Mr.Jobsthenformedhisowncompany,calledNeXTComputer.HerejoinedAppleinnineteenninety-sevenafteritboughtNeXT.______________________________________________________________________________________________________.SteveWozniak,speakingonCNN,rememberedhislongtimefriendasa“greatvisionaryandleader”anda“marketinggenius.”PresidentObamasaidinastatement:“Bybuildingoneoftheplanet’smostsuccessfulcompaniesfromhisgarage,________________________________________.BymakingcomputerspersonalandputtingtheInternetinourpockets,______________________________________________________________.”HehelpedremakeApplefromabusinessthatwasinbadshapethentooneofthemostvaluablecompaniesintheworldtodayheexemplifiedthespiritofAmericaningenuityhemadetheinformationrevolutionnotonlyaccessible,butintuitiveandfun

DavidCarrollisaprofessoratParsonsSchoolofDesigninNewYorkCity.______________________________________________________________________________.DAVIDCARROLL:“________________________________________________________________________________.HeprobablywillbeconsideredanindustrialgiantonthescaleofThomasEdisonandHenryFord,sooneofthegreatsofalltime.”HesaysSteveJobsnotonlyrevolutionizedtechnology,healsorevolutionizedAmericanbusinessThefactthathewasabletoredesignAmericancommercetoptobottomandacrossisreallystunning______________________________________________________________________.HediedadayafterthecompanyreleasedanewiPhoneversionthatmetwithlimitedexcitement.Apple’snewchief,TimCook,willalsohavetodealwiththenewKindleFiretabletcomputerfromA.ItcostslessthanhalfasmuchasaniPadbutalsodoesless.SteveJobssteppeddownasApple’schiefexecutiveinAugustbecauseofhishealthWhatdoessuccessmean?Beoneofthebestinyourfield.Makegreatcontributiontothesociety.Dowhatinterestsyouandbegoodatit.Warming-upQuestionsPara.1-2Jobs’AchievementPara.3-5RichExperienceofJobsPara.6-8FactorsaccountingforJobs’SuccessOrganizationAnalysisPartI(Para.1-2)MainIdea:

Jobs’Achievement

Para.1

Jobschanneledhisenergyintothedelicateandconvenientproductsinthecomputerindustry.

Para.2

Jobswasapioneerpredictingthepotentialoftheprivatecomputermarket.OrganizationAnalysisPartII(Para.3-5)MainIdea:

RichExperienceofJobsPara.3Jobs’waywardyouthcontributedtohiscreativity.Para.4ThediversehobbiesofJobshelpedhiminhisprominentperformance.

Para.5TheapparentdisasterofbeingexpelledbytheboardofAppleturnedouttobeablessingforJobs’furthersuccessinelectronicindustry.OrganizationAnalysisPartIII(Para.6-8)MainIdea:FactorsaccountingforJobs’SuccessPara.6Jobsstressedthecombinationoftechnology,liberalartsandhumanities.Para.7Hisinterdisciplinaryaccomplishmentsattributedtoanobsessiveattentiontodetail.Para.8Jobspursuedhisinstinctanddesireandmadegreatimpactonthewholeworldwithhisachievement.

OrganizationAnalysisDetailedReadingPassageReadingUnderstandingSentencesWordStudyAsateenagerinthelate1960shecold-calledhisidol,BillHewlett,andtalkedhiswayintoasummerjobatHewlett-Packard.

(Para.3)Translation在20世紀(jì)60年代末，年僅十幾歲的他有幸認(rèn)識了自己心目中的偶像比爾·

休利特，并成功地為自己獲得了到休利特創(chuàng)辦的惠普公司做暑期兼職的機(jī)會。Comments這個句子中包括一個詞組：talkone’swayinto

（通過交談成功獲得）?！癡.+one’swayinto”結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞表達(dá)出做成某事的方式。ExamplesHecheatedhiswayintothescholarship.Weforcedourwayintotheflaminghousetosavethegirl.

UnderstandingSentences

2.Hisremarkablesecondactbeganin1996whenApple,havinglostitsway,acquiredNeXT,andMr.JobsreturnedtoputitstechnologyattheheartofanewrangeofAppleproducts.

(Para.5)UnderstandingSentences他于1996年蘋果陷入困境的時(shí)候東山再起，在蘋果收購了NeXT之后再度將自己的創(chuàng)意注入了蘋果的系列產(chǎn)品當(dāng)中。Translation2.Hisremarkablesecondactbeganin1996whenApple,havinglostitsway,acquiredNeXT,andMr.JobsreturnedtoputitstechnologyattheheartofanewrangeofAppleproducts.

(Para.5)loseone’sway

原意是“迷失，迷路”，此處指的是“不再繁榮，陷入困境”。arangeof

一系列的

1.Thegovernmentforcelostitswayinthewartosuppresstheenemy.2.JobstookcreditforarangeoftheAppleproducts.

UnderstandingSentencesCommentsExamples3.

Buthisemphasisondesignandeaseofusegavehimtheedgelateron.(Para.6)喬布斯則率先關(guān)注設(shè)計(jì)以及使用的便捷性，這為他后來推出產(chǎn)品的特性奠定了基礎(chǔ)。詞組givesb.theedge意思是“使……獲得優(yōu)勢；使……如虎添翼”。注意單詞edge釋義之一是“優(yōu)勢”。UnderstandingSentencesMarciahastheedgeovertheotherstudents,havingspentayearinEngland.TranslationCommentsExamplesWordStudy1.conjurev.(Para.1)1)toperformclevertricksinwhichyouseentomakethingsappear,disappear,orchangeasifbymagic

變魔術(shù)，用魔術(shù)變出

Themagician

conjured

arabbitoutofhishat.

2)tomakesomethinghappenorappearunexpectedly

使意外出現(xiàn)或發(fā)生

Everydayadifferentchefwillbe

conjuring

updeliciousdishesintherestaurant.2.shufflev.(Para.1)

towalkveryslowlyandnoisily,withoutliftingyourfeetofftheground

拖著腳走，緩慢地走

Theoldman

shuffled

alongthesidewalk.WordStudytomovesomethingintoadifferentorderorintoadifferentposition

移來移去

Jacksatnervously

shuffling

thepapersaroundonhisdesk.3.ubiquitousadj.(Para.2)

adj.

seemingtobeeverywhere

普遍存在的，無處不在的

Weweretormentedintheoutbackbythe

ubiquitous

Australianfly.

Takingthisonestepfurther,islifealso

ubiquitous

inthemultiverse?

WordStudy4.knackn.(Para.2)aspecialskillorabilitythatyougainbypractice

訣竅，技巧

Iusedtobeabletoskatequitewell,butI'velostthe

knack.2)haveaknackofdoingsth.:tohaveatendencytodosth.

有做某事的習(xí)慣

Hehasa

knack

ofsayingthewrongthings.WordStudy5.waywardadj.(Para.2)WordStudybehavingin

awaythatisdifferentfromotherpeopleandthatcausesproblems

怪癖的

Asateacher,hegainedtheknackofdealingwiththose

wayward

teenagers.2)behavinginaselfish,unpredictableway,difficulttocontrol

任性的

Intaming

wayward

athletes,sportsofficialscangenerallyrelyonthehelpofthemedia.6.linearadj.(Para.3)consistingoflines,orintheformofstraightline

線的，直線的

alineardiagram2)

concerninglength

長度的

linearmeasurements

3)involvingaseriesofdirectlyconnectedevents,ideas,

etc.

線性的

Linear

thinkingisnotnecessarilythebestwaytofigureoutasolution.WordStudy7.dropout(Para.4)1)toleaveanactivity,coursebeforeithasfinished

中途退

出，輟學(xué)

Hehadto

dropout

oftheracebecauseofinjury.2)tomoveawayfromorrefusetotakepartinsocietybecauseyoudonotagreewithitsprinciples

逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)，遁世WordStudyWordStudy8.calligraphyn.(Para.4)

theartofproducingbeautifulwritingusingspecialpensorbrushes,orthewritingproducedthisway

書法

I’mconsideringstudying

calligraphy

orChinesepainting.

詞根graph=write,record

寫，畫，記錄器，圖形

autobiography

自傳

photography

攝影術(shù)

orthography

正字法

typography

印刷工藝

1)happeningatthebeginning;first

開始的，最初的

Sheovercameher

initial

shynessandreallyenjoyedtheparty.2)thefirstletterofsomeone’sfirstname

名字的首字母

CanIhaveyour

initial,

Mr.Davies?WordStudy9.initialadj./n.(Para.4)10.oustv.(Para.4)

toforcesomeoneoutofapositionofpower,especiallysothatyoucantaketheirplace

強(qiáng)迫某人放棄職位，把……攆走

Theymadeanattemptto

oust

theConservativesfrompower.

Theumpire

ousted

thearguingplayerfromthegame.

WordStudy11.animatedadj.(Para.5)1)

showingalotofinterestandenergy

活躍的，栩栩如生的

Shewasseenin

animatedconversationwiththesinger.2)

animatedcartoon/film:afilmmadebyphotographingaseriesofpictures,claymodels,etc.動畫片

Disneyhasreturnedtowhatitdoesbest:makingfull-length

animated

featurefilms.WordStudy12.vintageadj.

(Para.6)

WordStudy

1)vintagewineisgoodqualitywinemadeinaparticularyear佳釀的

2)showingallthebestormosttypicalqualitiesofsomething

最好的，最典型的

Hislatestfilmis

vintage

Spielberg.13.interdisciplinaryadj.

(Para.7)WordStudy

aninterdisciplinarycourseofstudyincludestwoormoresubjects

跨學(xué)科的

構(gòu)詞法

inter-前綴

=betweenoramongagroupintermarry通婚

intercommunicate互通消息

interpenetrate互相滲透14.aestheticadj.(Para.7)

1）connectedwithbeautyandthestudyofbeauty

美學(xué)的

Froman

aesthetic

pointofview,it’sanicedesign.

2）designedinabeautifulway

有美感的，有審美能力的

Thebuildingis

aesthetic,butnotpractical.

WordStudy15.autocraticadj.(Para.8)

anautocraticpersonororganizationhascompletepowerandmakesdecisionswithoutaskinganyoneelse’sadvice

專制的

Therhetoricisdemocraticbuttherealityisabsolutely

autocratic.WordStudy16.egomanian.(Para.8)

obsessiveloveforoneselfandregardforone’sownneeds利己主義者，自大狂

Worsestill,Iwasneverabletodistinguishhisoptimismfromplain

egomania.

WordStudy構(gòu)詞法ego

=I,self自我egocentric自我中心的，利己主義的egoism自我主義，自私egotist自負(fù)者，自大者mania

=

insanity

精神錯亂

Post-Reading1.Comprehension2.Translation3.QuestionontheArticle1.Comprehension1)WhatdidJobsattributehisabilityandsuccessto?(Para.2)_______CA.Hisoutstandingcomputerskills.B.Hisloveofcalligraphy.C.Hisexperiencesofhiswaywardyouth.D.Hispursuitoffashion.2)WhydidJobsregardh