2024年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解提分要義-填表型閱讀（含解

析）

（5）填表型閱讀一一2024屆中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解提分要義

提分要點(diǎn)

Step1先表后文，學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)。

“先表后文”指先讀表格，了解表格的內(nèi)容和要求再根據(jù)表格的

內(nèi)容和要求快速閱讀短文，這樣會(huì)使閱讀帶有較強(qiáng)的目的性和針對(duì)性。

Step2抓住大意，把握細(xì)節(jié)

弄懂大意，充分把握所讀材料的細(xì)節(jié)，尤其是與表格內(nèi)容直接相

關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。

Step3分類(lèi)整理，善于歸納

對(duì)所讀材料進(jìn)行整理、分類(lèi)，過(guò)濾出自己所需要的有用信息。通

常情況下，表格所涉及的內(nèi)容都具格一定的規(guī)律性，可能是同一個(gè)問(wèn)

題的幾個(gè)不同方面，也可能是幾個(gè)不同問(wèn)題的同一方面，或是幾個(gè)不

同問(wèn)題的不同方面等。比如涉及幾項(xiàng)活動(dòng)舉行的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、

方式等。

Step4尋找出處，對(duì)號(hào)入座

每空的所填內(nèi)容一般可從給出的材料中找到出處或依據(jù)，在做題

時(shí)要充分利用這一特點(diǎn)，將“空格”與“出處”對(duì)號(hào)入座，然后根據(jù)

表格中已有信息的表現(xiàn)形式，準(zhǔn)確填出所缺內(nèi)容。同時(shí)，值得注意的

是，如果表格所填信息與原文中的“出處”基本相同，則可直接對(duì)號(hào)

入座；如果表格信息與原文中的“出處”有較大出入，則要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)

的轉(zhuǎn)換。

Step5注意形式的變化

表格中所填詞的形式（大小寫(xiě)、時(shí)態(tài)等）應(yīng)與表格中所提供的內(nèi)

容一致。

提分訓(xùn)練

、

①ThemostunusualmuseuminLondonistheScience

museum.Inmostmuseumthere?snoshoutingandnorunning,and

peoplearen?tallowedtotouchtheexhibits（設(shè)品）.Butthe

ScienceMuseumisdifferent.It'snoisy!Peoplecantalkabout

whattheywillseeanddothere,andsomeofthemachinesare

noisyaswell.

②WhenIvisittheScienceMuseum,1gotothe

Launchpad（發(fā)射臺(tái)）.Thisisthemostpopularroombecausethere

arelotsofphysicstests,Wecanalsolearnhowastronauts

travelintospaceandbackagainhere.I'mreallyinterested

inthosekindsofthings,soitismyfavoriteroom.

③OnthesecondfloorthereisHumanandNature

room.Wecancompareourseedwithanimalsthere.Ifwearen't

quickenough,thelionwillcatchus!Therearealsoroomson

transport,theenvironmentandspacetechnology,aswellas

math,physicsandchemistry.

（4）Wecandoalotofthingsinthismuseum,but

wehavetoobeysomerulesaswell.Forexample,wemustn'ttake

photosoftheexhibitsinthemuseum.Butwecanbuypostcards

oftheminthemuseumshops.

⑤Mostimportantofall,theScienceMuseuir.is

free.Thatmeanswecandropbyforafewminutesorwecanstay

aslongaswelike-itrsopenfrom10:00a.m.to6：00p.m.every

dayexceptMonday.SoifyougotoLondon,makesureyouvisit

theScienceMuseum.It'smyfavoritemuseuminthewholeworld.

1.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選出每段的主旨大意。

A.ThemuseumrulesB.ThemostpopularroomC.Anoisy

museumD.ManydifferentroomsE.Afreemuseum

2.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成博物館游客須知。（每空不超過(guò)兩個(gè)詞）

TheScienceMuseumin①Openingtimes：10：00

a.m.-6：OOp.m.everydayexcept②Fees（費(fèi)用）：It's③

!Stayinsideaslongasyoulike!Rules：Don't④ofthe

exhibits.Youcanbuypostcardsofthem.Youcan⑤__what

youseeanddo.Don'tworryaboutmakingnoises.

Wukong.Tiangong.Tianwen.Doyouknowwherethenamesof

Chinesespaceprogramscomefrom

Wukong,theDarkMatterParticleExplorersatellite（暗

物質(zhì)粒子探測(cè)衛(wèi)星），isnamedafterChinesesuperheroMonkey

King.AccordingtoJourneytothewest,MonkeyKinghasapair

ofsharpeyeswhichcantellthedifferencebetweengoodand

evil.TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedasMonkeyKing

tohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means"Heavenly

Palace".InChinesemyths（神話），thisisthehomeofTianDi.

NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsin

space.AndChinawelcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongin

orderthattheycanworktogether.

Tianwen,China1sMarsmissions（任務(wù)）,getsitsnamefrom

thepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuanisawell-knownpoetfrom

ancientChina.InTiamwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,

stars,nature,mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfor

truth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendupansweringsome

ofQuYuan'squestions.

IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,you

willfindthattheyallhavebeautifulmeanings.We,theChinese

people,havealong-cherished（珍藏已久的）spacedream.Soit

isserioustotakethenamingofChinesespaceprograms.

WhatBeautiful①

Wukong<ItisnamedafterChinesesuperheroMonkey

King.?TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedasMonkey

Kingtohelpscientists?fordarkmatterinspace.

Tiangong?!!means'*HeavenlyPalace11?Tiangong

SpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.?

Wehopethatastronautsfromother?willworktogether

withusinTiangongSpaceStation.

Tianwen*ItgetsitsnamefromthepoemTiamwenbyQu

Yuan.?PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillhelptofindout

the?tosomeofQuYuan'squestionsaboutthesky,stars,

nature,mythsandtherealworld.

Chinesepeoplehavealong-cherishedspacedream.Sothe

namingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenvery⑤.

三、

Animalsplaysomanyimportantrclesinourlives.Seme,

likecowsandsheep,provideuswithfood；petsareourfriends；

otheranimalsworkforus.Aboveall,everyanimal一bigorsiriall

—canfilluswithasenseofthewonderofthenaturalworld.

Unluckily,wedon*talwaysvaluethis.Manyanimalsare

endangeredbecauseofouractions,andmillionsofanimalsin

theworldarebadlytreated.WorldAnimalDayremindsus,at

leastforonedayayear,“tocelebrateanimallifeinallits

forms'1and"tobethankfulforthewayinwhichanirr.als

enrich（使豐富）ourlives.n

WorldAnimalDaywasstartedin1931inFlorence,Italy.

Itmadeuspayattentiontotheproblemofendangeredanimals

aroundtheworld.Itisnowcelebratedinmostcountriesaround

theworld.ThedayfallsonOctober4theveryyear.

Allovertheworldonthisday,volunteersraisemoneyfor

animalcentersandsocialorganizations.Museumsandzoos

organizespecialevents.Schoolshavealsojoinedanimal

projects.Nomatterwhatisdone,theideaistoremindusof

theimportanceofanimalsandtoshowushowwecouldimprove

ourrelationshipwithanimals.

Ifyouwanttotakepart,youcouldhelpananimalor

organizeamoney-raisingeventforalocalcharity.The

importantthingisjusttakinganactivepart.Weshouldoffer

animalsasmuchastheyofferus.

Animalsareimportantinourlives.Theyofferus①,

friendship,helpandasenseofthewonderofthenaturalworld.

However,ouractionsmakemanykindsofanimalsindanger,and

wetreatmillionsofanimals②.WorldAnimalDayreminds

ustobethankfultoanimals.Itwasstartedin1931todraw

people*sattentiontothe③ofendangeredanimals.Now

WorldAnimalDayiscelebratedonOctober4theveryyear.On

thisday,manyactivitiesareheldto④howtoimprovethe

relationshipbetweenhumansandanimals.Solet'sjustbe⑤

totakepartandofferanimalsasmuchastheyofferus.

四、

Whenthefirstpersonlookeduptothesky,people's

imaginationofspacebegan.InChina,therearemanystories

abouttheexploration（探索）ofspace.

Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaladynamedChang'ethat

flewtotheMoonandlivedtherewitharabbit.It*sjustastory

inmyths（神話）.

IntheMingDynasty,amannamedWanHuusedamachinewhich

wasmadeofachair,somefireworksandakiteasarocketto

flytospacebutfailed.Hewasconsideredasthefirsthuman

thattriedtoexplorespace.

Ourexplorationofspaceneverstoppeduntilitbecamea

realityinmoderntimes.Withoutdoubt,Chinesespace

technologyhasmadegreatprogress.

In2003,whenShenzhouVsetoffsuccessfully,YangLiweifs

words"Iamproudofourmotherland'*broughttearstooureyes.

CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousands

ofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedthe

SpaceAgefortheChinese.

In2008,ZhaiZhiganginShenzhouVIIhadthefirstChinese

spacewalk,"Iamoutofthecapsule（太空艙），andIfeelgocd,“

hetoldtheworldproudly.

Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinorderto

stepfurtheronexploringspace.Especiallyintherecentyears,

ChinahassentupShenzhouXIandShenzhouXV.Sixastronauts

havebeensenttospacewithtwowomenincluded.OnMay30,2023,

JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIwere

sentintospacesuccessfully.

From2003to2023,Chinesepeoplegofartherandfarther

inspace,Inthenearfuture,Chinawillsendastronautstothe

MoonandexploretheMoon.

StoriesaboutChina's①

ThousandsofyearsagoChang'eflewtotheMooninmyths.

IntheMingDynastyWanHumadeamachineandtriedto

explorespace.

In2003YangLiweistarted②____fortheChinese.

In2008ZhaiZhiganghadthefirstChinesespacewalk.

InthenextyearsWeChinesepeoplekeptmakingourway

③wecouldstepfurtheronexploringspace.

On?ChinasentShenzhouXVIintospacesuccessfully.

InthefutureChineseastronauts?totheMoon.

五、

Itiseasytoknowifapersonisresting,butdofishrest

Theansweris"Yes”.Doyouwanttoknowifafishisresting

Herearesomeways.

Watchwhatafishisdoing

Fishmaynotlookliketheyareresting,buttheydohave

theirownwaysofgettingsomerest.Mostfishwi11slowdown

whiletheyareresting.Somefishmoveatthebottomofthewater.

Somemoveslowlynearthetopofthewater

Youcanknowsomefisharerestingbecausetheystayinone

place.However,otherfishneverseemtostopmoving.For

example,somesharkskeepswimmingsothattheycanbreathein

thewater.Althoughthesesharksarealwaysswimming,theymay

stillberesting.Theyhaveaspecialorganintheirbodies.

Itallowsthemtokeeptheirbodiesmovingwhiletheyare

resting.

Watchhowafishreacts（作出反應(yīng)）tothings

Whenafishisresting,itwillreactmuchmoreslowly.If

youhaveapetfishathome,trygivingyoufishsomefoodwhen

itisresting.Thefishwillspendmoretimenoticingthefood

thanitdoeswhenstayingawake.

Title：①___________

②Mostfishwillslowdownwhileresting.When

somefishareresting,theystayinoneplace.Otherfishnever

seemtostopmoving.Somesharkskeepswimminginordertc③

.Thesharksarealwaysswimming,④

theymaystillberesting.

WatchhowafishreactstothingsWhenafishisresting,

itsreaction（反應(yīng)）willbe⑤.Whenafishis

resting,itwillspendmoretimenoticingthefoodthanitdoes

whenstayingawake.

、

7\、

Withahistoryofmorethan1,000years,tie-dye（扎染）

isaveryoldwayofdyeingclothesinChina,mostpopularin

Yunnan.DuringtheTangandSongdynasties,peoplegave

tie-dyedclothestotheemperorsasgifts.In2006,thetie-dye

techniquewasaddedtoChina*snationalintangiblecultural

heritage（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）list.AnninginYunnanisknownfor

tie-dye.

YangCheng,52,istheinheritor（傳承人）oftie-dyein

Anning.Helearnedtheskillsfromhismotherinthe1980s.And

hehaspasseditdowntohisdaughter.

“Tie-dyeisworthyoftheeffortsofgenerations（代）of

people,Yangsaid.Yanghasmasteredalltheoldskillsof

tie-dye.Totie-dye,youfirstneedtousethreads（線）totie

yourclothtogether.Thenyouputtheclothintothedye.As

theclothisfoldedanddyed,somepartsbecomedarkblue,while

otherpartshaveabrightercolor.Whenyouunfoldtheclcth,

you'11seebeautifulpatterns.

Atthesametime,Yanghasstudiedtie-dyeinother

countries,suchasJapan,IndiaandFrance.Healsotriesto

makesomecreativedesigns.Now,Yangteachestie-dyein

schools,communitiesandcompanies.Morethan100,000people

havelearnedfromhim.

Somemightworrythattie-dyewillbereplacedbymachinery

dyeing.ButYangisconfident."Attheendoftheday,machines

can'treplaceourcreativehands.°Yangsaid.

1._________

2._________

3._________

4._________

5.

答案以及解析

、

1.答案：CBDAE

解析：①主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Themostunusual

museuminLondonistheScienceMuseum.Inmostmuseums,there1s

noshoutingandnorunning,andpeoplearen'tallowedtotcuch

theexhibits（陳設(shè)品）.ButtheScienceMuseumisdifferent.

It'snoisy”可知倫敦最不尋常的博物館是科學(xué)博物館。在大多數(shù)博

物館里，沒(méi)有喊叫和奔跑，人們也不允許觸摸展品（陳設(shè)品）。但是

科學(xué)博物館不同，非常的吵鬧，所以答案選C。

②主旨大意題c根據(jù)第二段第一句"WhenIvisittheScience

Museum,IgototheLaunchpad（發(fā)射臺(tái)）.Thisisthemostpopular

roombecausetherearelotsofphysicstests.Wecanalsolearn

howastronautstravelintospaceandbackagainhere.,r可知

當(dāng)我參觀科學(xué)博物館時(shí)，我會(huì)去發(fā)射臺(tái)。這是最受歡迎的房間，因?yàn)?/p>

有很多物理測(cè)試。我們還可以了解宇航員是如何進(jìn)入太空并再次回到

這里的。所以是最受歡迎的房間，所以答案選B。

③主旨大意題c根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Therearealsoroomson

transport,theenvironmentandspacetechnology,aswellas

math,physicsandchemistry.,r可知還有關(guān)于交通、環(huán)境和空間技

術(shù)以及數(shù)學(xué)、物理和化學(xué)的房間。所以本段是介紹了很多不同的房間，

所以答案選D。

④主旨大意題°根據(jù)第四段第一句HWecandoalotofthings

inthismuseum,butwehavetoobeysomerulesaswell.可

知我們可以在這個(gè)博物館做很多事情，但是我們也必須遵守一些規(guī)則。

所以本段是在介紹博物館的規(guī)矩，所以答案選A。

⑤主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Mostimportantofall,

theScienceMuseumisfree.Thatmeanswecandropbyforafew

minutesorwecanstayaslongaswelike----it*sopenfrom10：00

a.m.to6：00p.m.M可知最重要的是，科學(xué)博物館是免費(fèi)的。這意

味著我們可以順道拜訪幾分鐘，或者我們可以想待多久就待多久一一

從上午10：00到下午6：00營(yíng)業(yè)。所以本段是在說(shuō)博物館免費(fèi)，所以

答案選E。

2.答案：①London②Monday③free④Takephotos/pictures⑤

talkabout/discuss

解析：①細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Themostunusual

museuminLondonistheScienceMuseum.Inmostmuseums,there1s

noshoutingandnorunning,andpeoplearen11allowedtotcuch

theexhibits（陳設(shè)品）”可知倫敦最不尋常的博物館是科學(xué)博物館。

在大多數(shù)博物館里，沒(méi)有喊叫和奔跑，人們也不允許觸摸展品（陳設(shè)

品）。所以答案為L(zhǎng)ondon。

②細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句"Mostimportantofall,

theScienceMuseumisfree.Thatmeanswecandropbyforafew

minutesorwecanstayaslongaswelike----it'sopenfrom10：00

a.m.to6：00p.m.everydayexceptMondayn可知最重要的是，

科學(xué)博物館是免費(fèi)的。這意味著我們可以順道拜訪幾分鐘，或者我們

可以想待多久就待多久一一除了星期一，每天早上10:00到下午6:00

營(yíng)業(yè)，所以答案為Monday。

③細(xì)節(jié)理解題°根據(jù)第五段第二句"Mostimportantofall,

theScienceMuseumisfree.Thatmeanswecandropbyforafew

minutesorwecanstayaslongaswelike----it'sopenfrom10：00

a.m.to6：00p.m.everydayexceptMondayn可知最重要的是，

科學(xué)博物館是免費(fèi)的。這意味著我們可以順道拜訪幾分鐘，或者我們

可以想待多久就待多久一一除了星期一，每天早上10:00到下午6:00

營(yíng)業(yè)，所以答案為free。

④細(xì)節(jié)理解題c根據(jù)第四段第二句"Forexample,wemustn't

takephotosoftheexhibitsinthemuseum.Butwecanbuy,

postcardsoftheminthemuseumshops.可知例如，我們不能給

博物館的展品拍照。但是我們可以在博物館商店買(mǎi)到它們的明信片。

所以答案為T(mén)akepaotos/pictureso

⑤細(xì)節(jié)理解題°根據(jù)第一段最后一句MButtheScienceMuseum

isdifferent.It'snoisy!Peoplecantalkaboutwhattheywill

seeanddothere,andsomeofthemachinesarenoisyaswell.n

可知但是科學(xué)博物館不同。很吵鬧，人們可以談?wù)撍麄儗⒃谀抢锟吹?/p>

什么和做什么，一些機(jī)器也很吵。所以答案為talkabout/discusso

二、答案：①Names②search③countries④answers⑤seriously

解析：①根據(jù)"DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespace

programscomefrom"可知本文主要介紹了中國(guó)太空計(jì)劃的名字的由

來(lái)，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)names,且大寫(xiě)首字母。故填Names。

②根據(jù)"TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedasMonkey

Kingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace”可知

悟空衛(wèi)星和孫悟空一樣敏銳，幫助科學(xué)家在太空中尋找暗物質(zhì)，故填

searcho

③根據(jù)"AndChinawelcomesforeignastronautstoTiangong

inorderthattheycanworktogether."可知中國(guó)歡迎外國(guó)宇航員

來(lái)到天宮，以便他們能夠一起工作，即來(lái)自其他國(guó)家的宇航員，

country"國(guó)家",other后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填countries。

④根據(jù)"PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendupanswering

someofQuYuan1squestions."可知天問(wèn)任務(wù)最終會(huì)回答屈原的一

些問(wèn)題，即找到問(wèn)題的答案，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)answers。故填answers。

⑤根據(jù)"S。itisserioustotakethenamingofChinesespace

programs."可知認(rèn)真對(duì)待中國(guó)太空計(jì)劃的命名問(wèn)題是非常重要的，

takesth.seriously"認(rèn)真對(duì)待"。故填seriously。

三、答案：①food②badly③problem④show⑤active

解析：①本題考查名詞。此處對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一段中的“Some.?.

provideuswithfood；petsareourfriends；otheranimalswork

forus.Aboveall,everyanimal...canfilluswithasenseof

thewonderofthenaturalworld"o設(shè)空處作動(dòng)詞offer的直接賓

語(yǔ)，故填名詞food。

②本題考查副詞。此處對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段中的"Manyanimalsare

endangeredbecauseofouractions,andmillionsofanimalsin

theworldarebadlytreated\設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞treat,應(yīng)用副詞，

故填badlyo

③本題考查名詞。此處對(duì)應(yīng)原文第三段中的“Itmadeuspay

attentiontotheproblemofendangeredanimalsaroundthe

world'1o設(shè)空處作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，且其前有冠詞修飾，應(yīng)用名詞，

故填problemo

④本題考查動(dòng)詞。此處對(duì)應(yīng)原文第四段中的"theideais...to

showushowwecouldimproveourrelationshipwithanimals”。

設(shè)空前的to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，其后應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，故填show。

⑤本題考查形容詞。此處對(duì)應(yīng)原文第五段中的“Theimportant

thingisjusttakinganactivepart”。設(shè)空處位于be后且其前

無(wú)冠詞，可填形容詞，此處表示“積極”參與，故填active。

四、答案：①explorationofspace②theSpaceAge③s。that

④May30,2023⑤willbesent

解析：①根據(jù)"InChina,therearemanystoriesaboutthe

exploration（探索）ofspace."可知，講述中國(guó)關(guān)于太空探索的故

事。故填explorationofspaceo

②根據(jù)"CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationfor

thousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,he

startedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese."可知,他承載著中華民

族幾千年的飛行夢(mèng)思，作為中國(guó)第一位太空訪客，開(kāi)啟了中國(guó)人的太

空時(shí)代。故填theSpaceAge0

③根據(jù)"Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinorder

tostepfurtheronexploringspace."可知，在接下來(lái)的幾年里，

中國(guó)為了進(jìn)一步探索太空而不斷前進(jìn)。inordertodo可替換為so

that+從句，故填sothato

④根據(jù)"OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGui

HaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.H

可知，2023年