Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.第2課時SectionA(3a-4c)重點(diǎn)詞匯1.重點(diǎn)單詞的含義及用法：several；strong；feeling；satisfaction；joy；owner；journey；raise；alone2.重難短語：attheageof；tryout；cometrue；atthesametime；raisemoney；travelalone重點(diǎn)句型1.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.2.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.3.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.4.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.5.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.6.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayeartomovetoanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.技能目標(biāo)能向別人提供幫助或提出如何幫助他人的建議重難單詞默寫與詞性變換 幾個；數(shù)個；一些pron.2.強(qiáng)烈的；強(qiáng)壯的adj.→強(qiáng)烈地adv.3.感覺；感觸n.4.滿足；滿意n.5.高興；愉快n.6.物主；主人n.7.（尤指長途）旅行；行程n.8.募集；征集v.9.單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自adv.經(jīng)典短語默寫：1.放棄2.想成為3.學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)……4.有強(qiáng)烈的滿足感5.在……歲時6.決定做某事7.參加……選拔8.同時9.忙于某事10.至少11.擔(dān)心12.在某人空閑時間13.為了取樂14.籌錢15.獨(dú)自旅行16.志愿做某事經(jīng)典句型過關(guān)： 1.當(dāng)我看到動物們（病情）漸好，看到它們主人臉上的喜悅表情時，我產(chǎn)生出那么一種極強(qiáng)的滿足感。IsuchawhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofontheirfaces.2.在這里當(dāng)志愿者對我來說是夢想成真。hereisadreamforme.3.她在四歲時就能獨(dú)自閱讀。Shecouldreadbyherselffour.4.我能做我喜歡做的事情，同時也能幫助別人。IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothers.5.她決定去參加一個志愿者課外閱讀選拔活動。Lastyear,shedecidedtoavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.6.一些人甚至離職幾個月到一年去另一個地方，比如非洲的一個國家，幫助那兒的人們。Somepeopleeventheirjobsforafewmonthstoayeartomovetoanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.來自河畔高中的馬里奧·格林和瑪麗·布朗每周騰出幾個小時的時間去幫助別人?！鴈ach與every辨析each和every是一對近義詞，但各自的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。1)從語義上看，兩者都可表示“每個”，“一切的”，且every和each用于主語時，謂語均要求單數(shù)匹配。很多時候，兩詞可以互換使用，但意思略有差別：each強(qiáng)調(diào)個性，著眼于整體中的個體；every強(qiáng)調(diào)共性，著眼于整體。例：Eachmanhashisownname.每個人都有名字。Eachtimeyoupractice,yougetbetteratplayingtennis.你每練習(xí)一次，你網(wǎng)球就打得越好。IgetsickeverytimeIeatseafood.我每次吃海鮮都不舒服。Everyoneofyoumustattendthemeeting.你們每個人必須參加會議。2)從語法上看，each可用作形容詞和代詞，而every只用作形容詞。例：Hegavetwoapplestoeach(person).我們給每個人兩個蘋果。Each(school)hasitsownlibrary.每所學(xué)校都有自己的圖書館。Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethattheoperationwillbeasuccess.我們有充分的理由相信這場手術(shù)會成功。3)兩種不可使用each的情況：①切勿將each和almost,nearly及not搭配使用，應(yīng)用every:例：Almosteverycakewassold.幾乎所有蛋糕都賣出去了。Noteverystudentwentonholiday.不是所有學(xué)生都在度假。②切勿在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中使用each,應(yīng)用none:例：Noneofthebooksaremine.沒有哪本書是我的。牛刀小試________ofthestudentshashisownopinionaboutthattopic.A．Every B．Each C．All D．Both▲動詞不定式用法1.動詞不定式的形式動詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動詞原形”，使用時有時可以不帶to。動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語,但仍保留動詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語。例：Hewantstositdown.他想坐下。Lethimhavearest.讓他休息一下。動詞不定式的否定形式是在動詞不定式前面加not。例：Tellhimnottoleavealone.告訴他不要一個人離開。2.動詞不定式的用法動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。(1)不定式作主語不定式作主語一般位于句首,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。為了避免句子“頭重腳輕”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主語，而將不定式放在后面作真正的主語。例：Tolearnforeignlanguagesisveryuseful.學(xué)外語很有用。It'sveryusefultolearnforeignlanguages.學(xué)外語很有用。(2)不定式作表語例：Myworkistotakecareofthesickboy.我的工作是照顧那個生病的男孩。(3)不定式作賓語不定式作賓語有兩種情況：一種是及物動詞后直接跟帶to的不定式，另一種是“及物動詞+疑問詞+帶to的不定式”。例：Hepromisedtohelpme.他答應(yīng)幫我。Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.他給我演示怎樣使用電腦。(4)不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的詞有tell，ask，want，teach，allow，promise，order，advise，expect，wish，invite，encourage等。例：Theyaskedhimtosingapopsongattheparty.他們請他在宴會上唱一首流行歌曲。(5)不定式作定語不定式作定語應(yīng)放于被修飾詞之后。例：Iwanttohavesomethingtoeat.我想吃點(diǎn)東西。Shegotajobtotakecareofanoldman.她得到一份照顧一位老人的工作。(6)不定式作狀語不定式常在句中作目的狀語。例：Youshouldrunquicklytocatchthelastbus.你應(yīng)該快點(diǎn)兒跑去趕末班車。3.省略to的動詞不定式的四種情況(1)在使役動詞have,make，let之后例：Ilikehimbecausehemakesmelaugh.我喜歡他是因?yàn)樗芏何倚Α?2)在感官動詞feel，hear，see，watch，notice，listento，lookat之后例：Isawherleavehalfanhourago.半小時前我看見她離開了。(3)help后的不定式可省略to,也可以帶上to例：Mybrotheroftenhelpsme(to)dothehousework.我哥哥經(jīng)常幫助我做家務(wù)。以上動詞可歸納為“一感（feel)，二聽（listento，hear),三讓（let，make，have)，四看（lookat，see，watch，notice)，半幫助（help)(即在動詞help后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，to可有可無）”。(4)在其他固定搭配中，如“hadbetterdosth.”，“whynotdosth.”，“wouldratherdosth.thandosth.”等。牛刀小試1.Onepossiblewaytobepopularamongyourfriendsis________niceandkind.A．being B．tobe C．be D．ofbeing2．Thebestway________yourEnglishisreadingmoreandwritingmore.A．improves B．toimprove C．improve D．improving2.…butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.但是我想更多地了解如何照料動物。▲疑問詞+動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)howtocareforanimals是“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語。英語中疑問詞what，who，which和疑問副詞where，when，why，how等后面接動詞不定式構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等成分。例：Ican’tdecidewhentostart.我不能決定何時動身。I’mthinkingabouthowtodealwiththeproblem.我在思考如何處理這個問題?！咀⒁狻俊耙蓡栐~+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)常用于tell，know，show，learn，teach，explain等后作賓語，此時相當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。它所表示的動作的未發(fā)生的動作，所以在轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，通常須加情態(tài)動詞或用將來時態(tài)。例：Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.=Hedidn’tknowwhatheshouldsay.他不知道應(yīng)該說什么。牛刀小試Afterthediscussion,wefiguredoutwhatweshoulddonext.(改為簡單句)Afterthediscussion,wefiguredoutdonext.▲動詞短語動詞短語是動詞的一種固定搭配形式，可以把它作為一個整體，同一般動詞一樣使用。動詞短語的搭配可分為以下六種基本類型：1.動詞+名詞這類動詞短語中的常見動詞是have，take，give，make等。如：havearest休息一下takeawalk散步takeplace發(fā)生tellalie撒謊makemistakes犯錯haveatry試一下2.動詞+名詞+介詞這類動詞短語只用作及物動詞。名詞前可加形容詞，賓語總是位于介詞之后。如：makefriendswith與……交朋友makefunof取笑payattentionto注意havealookat看一看3.be+形容詞（包括過去分詞作形容詞）+介詞這類動詞短語也相當(dāng)于及物動詞，賓語位于介詞的后面，形容詞是動詞短語的真正含義。如：bedifferentfrom與……不同begoodfor對……有益befriendlyto對……友好beinterestedin對……感興趣befamousfor因……而著名beseriousabout對……認(rèn)真4.動詞+副詞(1)“動詞+副詞”相當(dāng)于不及物動詞有的“動詞+副詞”相當(dāng)于不及物動詞，在句中直接作謂語，后面不加任何賓語。常用的此類副詞有away，along，back，down，in，off，on，out，up等。如：breakout爆發(fā)breakup分解comeup出現(xiàn)fallbehind落后getalong進(jìn)展givein屈服growup長大holdon等一會兒(2)“動詞+副詞”相當(dāng)于及物動詞有的“動詞+副詞”相當(dāng)于及物動詞，后接賓語時，賓語如果是人稱代詞，需將其放在動詞和副詞之間；如果賓語是名詞或nothing、everything等不定代詞時，則可以放在動詞和副詞中間，也可以放在副詞后面。如：cheerup使高興起來cleanup打掃干凈putup張貼fixup修理giveaway贈送giveout分發(fā)useup用完handin上交putoff推遲pickup撿起thinkover仔細(xì)考慮turndown調(diào)低音量5.動詞+介詞動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語相當(dāng)于一個及物動詞，它的賓語總是在介詞后面。如：breakinto破門而入carefor照顧comeacross偶然碰到laughat嘲笑lookafter照顧lookinto調(diào)查lookfor尋找standfor代表6.動詞+副詞+介詞在這類動詞短語中,動詞、副詞、介詞緊密結(jié)合，是動副詞組和動介詞組的合成體，相當(dāng)于一個及物動詞。但賓語總是位于介詞之后。如：comeupwith想出catchupwith趕上lookforwardto盼望goonwith繼續(xù)keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離getalongwith相處融洽牛刀小試—MayIbeamemberoftheteam?—Sorry,I’mafraidyoumust________first.A．comeout B．tryout C．takeout D．workout3.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.當(dāng)我看到動物們（病情）漸好，看到它們主人臉上的喜悅表情時，我產(chǎn)生出那么一種極強(qiáng)的滿足感?！鴖uch與so辨析二者都表示程度，意為“如此，這樣”，其區(qū)別為：such形容詞such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞so副詞so+形容詞/副詞so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so+many/much/few/little(少)+名詞例：It’ssuchaninterestingstory.這是個非常有趣的故事。Ihavesuchgoodbookstoread.我有這么好的書可讀。I’msogladtohearfromyou.我很高興收到你的來信。It’ssoniceaday！今天天氣真好！Therearesomanyvisitorsintheparktoday.今天公園里有如此多的人。【注意】“such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可與“so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行互換。例：Sheissuchakindgirl.=Sheissokindagirl.她是個如此善良的女孩。牛刀小試1．Tomhas________littleeducationthatheisunsuitableforthisjob.A．so B．such C．soa D．sucha2.Thedishesarefantastic!Theytaste________nice.Youare________agoodcook.A．so;so B．so;such C．such;such D．such;so3．Itis________thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.A．a(chǎn)lovelyday B．toolovelyadayC．solovelyaday D．suchlovelyaday一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．________studenthasanewbook.And________ofthemhasanewpencil,too.A．Each;every B．Every;every C．All;each D．Every;each2．—Whyareyoulookingsohungry?—Isleptatmygrandma’slastnight.And________theearlybustoschoolthismorning,Ididn’teatbreakfast.A．catch B．catching C．tocatch D．caught3．Therearemanyculturalrelics(文物)inShanxi.Ireallywanttogoona________thissummervacation.A．journey B．training C．change D．business4．Althoughmygrandfatherlives________,heneverfeels________becauseheloveslivinginthebeautifulcountry.A．lonely;alone B．a(chǎn)lone;lonely C．lonely;lonely D．a(chǎn)lone;happy5．Thesebooksareverypopularandtheyaregoingtosellout.Thereareonly________leftnow.A．many B．several C．little D．much6．Shegotgreat_________fromhelpingpeopletolearn.A．discussion B．satisfaction C．preparation D．prediction7．Thisismy_________house.I’mthe_________ofthehouse.A．owner;owner B．own;owner C．owner;own D．own;own8．________awriterforherschoolnewspaperisadream________forJenny.A．Be;comestrue B．Being;cametrue C．Be;comingtrue D．Being;cometrue9．Mymotherasksme________inthebed.A．don’tread B．notread C．nottoread D．tonotread10．Thelittlegirltried________afterhearingthebadnews,butshefailed.A．tostoptocry B．tostopcryingC．stoppingtocry D．stoppingcrying二、根據(jù)所給提示填空，每空一詞1．Johnwants(be)ateacherwhenhegrowsup.2．Theywantto(籌募)enoughmoneytohelpthepeopleinpoorareas.3．Youcanspreadjandhappinesswithabrightsmile.It’soneofthebestgiftsthatyoucangivetoothers.4．—Doyouknowthe(own)oftheschoolbags,Eric?—Yes.TheyareTom’sandJeff’s.5．Whentherainstormcame,itbegantorainhardandthewindblew(strong).6．Peter’smothergetsupearly(make)breakfastforhimeverymorning.7．Itbringsmeafeelingof(satisfy)whenothersbecomebetterbecauseofmyhelp.8．Thepolicemangaveusmuchadviceonhow(protect)personalinformation.9．Aftertheaccident,thepooryoungmanhadno(feel)inhislegs.10．(volunteer)inasportscenterisinterestingforme.三、完成句子1．今天早晨我們好多同學(xué)都同時到達(dá)學(xué)校。Thismorningmanyofourclassmatesarrivedatschool.2．你可以考慮在空閑時幫忙做家務(wù)。Youcanthinkaboutwithhouseworkinyourtime.3．Theydon’tknowwhattheyshoulddo.(同義句)Theydon’tknowwhat.4．Myparentsalwaysworryaboutme.(同義句)Myparentsarealwaysme.5．她正在參加學(xué)校足球隊(duì)的選拔。Sheistheschoolsoccerteam.四、選詞填空根據(jù)語境，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空，有的需要變換形式。as

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changeAfewmonthsago,Ilearnedthatthecityfoodbankneededsome1.Iusedtobetheorganizerofmygroupoffriends.SoI2lettersto10friends.I’dliketosetupagroupthatwouldvolunteertomakeandservedinnerforthedisabledpeople.Iwantedtoinvitemyfriendstobepartofthegroup3almostallofmyfriendsagreed.Oneday,4ofmyfriendsbroughtsomefoodandhelpedpreparethemeal.“Igotsuchastrong5ofsatisfactionwhenIsawthedisabledpeoplegetthefood!”saidonefriend.Later,anotherfriendmadealistaboutserving,sowecoulddo6.Noweachmonththerearenewfacesthatjointhegroup.Onewomaneveninvitedanothergroupof7friendstoserve.It’shardtoimaginethatsimplelettersmadeagreatdifference.Atfirst,Ijustwantedtobeanorganizer.Now,I8myidea.Ialsolovetowork9avolunteer,becauseIcangetmore10fromthehappyfacesofthedisabledpeople.五、補(bǔ)全對話根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從A到G選項(xiàng)中，選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，每個選項(xiàng)只使用一次。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。A:Hey,Bill.Whatareyoudoing?B:1A:Iworkedtherelastmonth.Doyouneedmyhelp?B:Sure.2A:Ihelpedtodomanythingslikedoingthecleaningandtellingstories.B:3A:AndIalsosanganddancedfortheold.B:4A:Yes,theythoughtIcouldbringthemhappiness.5B:That’sagoodidea.Thankyou.A:You’rewelcome.A．Thatsoundsgood.B．Let’scomeupwithanidea.C．I’mmakingaplantoworkattheOldPeople’sHome.D．Whydon’tyoulisttheminyourplan?E．Youareright.F．Couldyoutellmewhatkindofvolunteerworkyoudid?G．Theywereinterestedinthose,right?六、完形填空LotsofpeoplearecallingforSeptember11tobecomeanationaldayofvolunteeringinAmerica.Helpingothersinneedisa(n)1partoftheAmericanwayoflife，somanyhighsc