Grammar—theSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣1/30英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣:

陳說語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣陳說語氣：用來表示所說話是事實(shí)或提出疑問，廣泛用語陳說句，疑問句和感嘆句。祈使語氣：表示所說話是請(qǐng)求，命令，指示或勸說等。2/30虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說話不是事實(shí)，一個(gè)假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一個(gè)表示說話人愿望、要求、命令、提議等(在賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。3/30Eg:Wemetinthisroom.陳說語氣DocometothemeetingnextFriday.

祈使語氣IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.虛擬語氣4/30一：虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中使用方法.條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn),是與事實(shí)相符。非真實(shí)條件句所表假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)，與事實(shí)相反情況。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.5/301、真實(shí)條件句：用于陳說語氣，假設(shè)情況可能發(fā)生，其中if是假如意思。

時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系：主將從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn)主祈從現(xiàn)Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Ifhewantstogotouniversity,hemust

studyhard.Ifitrainstomorrow,pleasedon’tcome.6/30

一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中

與過去事實(shí)相反假設(shè)wouldshouldhave+過去分詞couldmight與現(xiàn)在相反假設(shè)與未來相反假設(shè)虛擬條件句主句If+主語+過去式（be用were)If+主語+had+過去分詞If+主語+過去式（be用were)If+主語+wereto+動(dòng)詞原形If+主語+should+動(dòng)詞原形主語＋would＋動(dòng)詞原形(should/could/might)主語＋would＋動(dòng)詞原形(should/could/might)7/301.IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(實(shí)際上我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間，不能去散步．）2.IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（實(shí)際上沒有些人邀請(qǐng)我，我也不能去參加宴會(huì)．）3.IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.（實(shí)際上我沒有一百萬美圓，也不可能存在銀行．）現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反8/30Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundthe

world.IfIwonthelottery,現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反9/301.IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwould

travel

aroundtheworld.2.IfIwere

you,IwouldgiveAIDSpatienta

hug.A與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反3Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.4Theywouldhelpyouiftheywerehere.10/30IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegoneB與過去事實(shí)相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

11/30IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.2.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.3Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事。4Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice，youwouldn't(couldn’t)havefailedintheexam.假如你按照我提議去做，你一定不會(huì)(不可能)考試不及格。與過去事實(shí)相反12/30

I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou________________________

____________gotWeretoget

afullmarknexttime,C與未來事實(shí)相反wouldhold13/301IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/(would)gotoseemygrandmother.假如明天是星期天，我就(可能)去探望我奶奶。2Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.假如今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。C與未來事實(shí)相反3Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

4Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

14/30IfI

were

you,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與未來事實(shí)相反15/30要是你早來幾分鐘話，你就能見到他了。Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.明天要是天氣好話，我來看你。Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.假如我是你話，我會(huì)馬上走。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.

與過去事實(shí)相反與未來事實(shí)可能相反16/301)假如我有一百萬,我會(huì)把錢捐獻(xiàn)給醫(yī)學(xué)研究.______________________________________________________2)假如我是你,我會(huì)穿襯衣打領(lǐng)帶._____________________________________________________

3)假如我是你,我就會(huì)遲一點(diǎn)去._____________________________________________________

4)假如我是你,我就會(huì)帶一個(gè)小禮品._____________________________________________________

5)假如我是你，我會(huì)在睡覺前好好散步。______________________________________________________6)假如我是你,我就會(huì)和看上去很友好人交談.______________________________________________________7）假如我是你，我會(huì)愈加努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。_____________________________________________________________________.8）假如昨晚你在這兒，就什么事都不會(huì)發(fā)生了。

_____________________________________________________________________.9）

假如我早到一點(diǎn)話，我就會(huì)趕上那輛公共汽車了。_____________________________________________________________________.10）明天要是周日話，我們就不參加考試了。_____________________________________________________________________.17/30A．用所給動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.IfI_________(find)apurse,I__________(give)ittothepolice.2.IfI______(be)abird,I___________(fly)inthebluesky.3.Ifyou_______(have)somethingimportant,you_________(cango)now.4.IfI________(be)you,I_____________(choose)thisone.用虛擬語氣完成以下句子。1.假如我是一只小鳥，我會(huì)飛到月球上去。IfI

abird,I

tothemoon.2.假如她和我們?cè)谝黄穑覀儠?huì)更早完成任務(wù)。Ifshe

us,we

thetaskearlier.3.假如有些人給我錢話，我明天就去買輛車。Ifsomeone

memoney,Iacartomorrow.4.I’lltravelaroundtheworldifIhavealotofmoney.（改為虛擬語氣句子）I

aroundtheworldifI

alotofmoney.18/30PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.

a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldask19/30PRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks

e.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou

(get)upearlier,

you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we

_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegone20/30二、虛擬語氣用于賓語從句中Wish

賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí)（were）過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V.IwishIwereabirdIwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistakeWewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.21/30IwishI____(be)astallasyou.were22/30Iwish

everyday____(be)mybirthday.were23/30Iwish

I

_________

(eat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teaten24/30用于賓語從句Iwish從句結(jié)構(gòu)Example與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反普經(jīng)過去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.與未來事實(shí)相反would+V.原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.25/30IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.現(xiàn)在時(shí)26/30Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.過去時(shí)將來時(shí)27/30Practice1