Period3

Grammar課本原文：(1)Overtime，Ihavebeenchangedquitealot.(2)FirstasaPCandthenasalaptop，Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“have/hasbeen＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成。第三人稱單數(shù)用has，第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及其余人稱用have。2．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定式和疑問式否定式是在have/has后加not，也可縮寫成haven't/hasn't；構(gòu)成疑問式時(shí)，將have/has提前；構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí)，附加問句借助have/has。The31stOlympicGameshaven'tbeenheldyet.第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)還沒有舉行。HashisnewnovelbeentranslatedintoEnglishyet？他的新小說被譯成英語了嗎？Theyhaven'tbeentoldtheexcitingnewsyet，havethey?他們還沒有被告知這個(gè)令人興奮的消息，是嗎？3．使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)(1)一般來說，只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因?yàn)橹挥屑拔飫?dòng)詞才可能有動(dòng)作的承受者。但有許多由不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語，相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語，因而也可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但應(yīng)注意：短語動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞。Theyhaveputupamaponthewall.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))他們已經(jīng)在墻上掛上了地圖。Amaphasbeenputuponthewall.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))地圖已經(jīng)被掛在了墻上。(2)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思，則要改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。例如：Howlonghasthisdictionarybeenborrowed？(×)Howlonghasthisdictionarybeenkept？(√)這本字典借了多長時(shí)間了？但這類動(dòng)詞的否定式可表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)過程，具有持續(xù)性，因而可與since或for構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語連用。Thisdictionaryhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek.自上周以來沒有人借過這本字典。Ⅰ.把下列句子變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．Hehasfinishedhishomework.________________________________________________2．Theyhavebuiltanewrailwayline.________________________________________________3．Theyhaveplantedmanytreesonthehill.________________________________________________4．Ihavemadehimworkhard.________________________________________________5．Hehasaskedmetohelpyou.________________________________________________【答案】1．Hishomeworkhasbeenfinished.2．Anewrailwaylinehasbeenbuilt.3．Manytreeshavebeenplantedonthehill.4．Hehasbeenmadetoworkhard.5．Ihavebeenaskedtohelpyou.Ⅱ.用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)連成句子1．a(chǎn)newhospital，build，inourcity________________________________________________________________________________________________2．China，anotherman-madesatellite，sendintospace________________________________________________________________________________________________3．farmers，cutdown，moreandmoretrees，forfirewood________________________________________________________________________________________________4．they，spend，alotofmoney，ontheproject________________________________________________________________________________________________5．theforestfire，kill，thousandsofanimals________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．Anewhospitalhasbeenbuiltinourcity.2．Anotherman-madesatellitehasbeensentintospacebyChina.3．Moreandmoretreeshavebeencutdownforfirewoodbyfarmers.4．Alotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheprojectbythem.5．Thousandsofanimalshavebeenkilledintheforestfire.Ⅰ.用括號(hào)里動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語的正確形式完成下列句子。1．Morethan5,000usedbikes________(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganization.2．Sincethecauseofthisdisease________(discover)，nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.3．Everypossiblemeans________(try)tostopthebadbehavior，buttheydon'tworkatall.4．Overthepasttenyears，thistown________(hit)twicebyearthquakes.5．—Willthelecturebeheldat4o'clockthisafternoon?—No.It________(putoff)tilltomorrowafternoon.6．Hernovelisverypopularamongpeopleofallages；sofarit________(translate)into25languages.【答案】1．havebeencollected

2.hasbeendiscovered3．hasbeentried

4.hasbeenhit5．hasbeenputoff

6.hasbeentranslatedⅡ.完成句子1．由于大雪，高速公路已經(jīng)被封閉。Thefreeway____________becauseoftheheavysnow.2．對(duì)不起，先生，這次展覽的門票已經(jīng)全部賣完了。Sorry，Sir，alltheticketsfortheexhibition________________.3．這座城市已經(jīng)建了多少座大樓？Howmanyhighbuildings______________inthiscity?4．為了多種一些谷物，很多樹被砍掉了。Largenumbersoftrees________________togrowmoregrain.5．我喜歡這部科幻電影，它已經(jīng)在電視上播了三次了。Ilikethissciencefictionfilmandit____________threetimesonTV.【答案】1．hasbeenclosed

2．have(been)soldout3．havebeenbuilt

4．havebeencutdown5．hasbeenbroadcast興趣愛好【課標(biāo)解讀】指音樂、舞蹈、表演、體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、游戲(包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲)、集郵、閱讀、烹飪、看電影、看電視、聽收音廣播、欣賞戲劇、聽音樂會(huì)、觀光旅行、招待客人、訪問博物館、飼養(yǎng)寵物等?！颈貍湔Z匯】(1)surftheInternet上網(wǎng)(2)chatonline在線聊天(3)enjoypopularmusic喜歡流行音樂(4)befondof/bekeenon喜歡……(5)havesomehobbies有一些愛好(6)beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣(7)show/have/takeaninterestin對(duì)……感興趣(8)becrazyabout…

對(duì)……著迷(9)cometolike…

越來越喜歡(10)developagreatlikingfor…

漸漸愛上(11)IpreferwatchingaTVshowtogoingtoaconcert.我寧愿看電視表演，而不愿去聽音樂會(huì)。(12)Hegoesforplayingonlinegames.他喜歡玩在線游戲。(13)Shoppingismyfavoritehobbyinmysparetime.購物是我閑暇時(shí)最喜歡的愛好。(14)Ihatevisitingmuseums，forIthinktheyareboring.我討厭參觀博物館，因?yàn)槲矣X得它們讓人感到無趣。【基礎(chǔ)寫作】假如你熱衷集郵，但家長并不支持，于是你向一個(gè)學(xué)生心聲的專欄寫信咨詢解決的辦法。內(nèi)容包括：1．你的意見：(1)增長知識(shí)；(2)減壓；(3)掙錢。2．家長意見：(1)浪費(fèi)錢；(2)占了學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。However，myparentsarestronglyagainstitfortheyc