1/6Lesson4核心知識精講練一、to與for的區(qū)別For和to這兩個介詞，意義豐富，用法復雜。這里僅就它們主要用法進行比較。1.

表示各種“目的”1.

WhatdoyoustudyEnglishfor?你為什么要學英語？2.

ShewenttoFranceforholiday.她到法國度假去了。3.

Thesebooksarewrittenforpupils.這些書是為學生寫的。4.

hopeforthebest,preparefortheworst.作最好的打算，作最壞的準備。2．對于1．Shehasalikingforpainting.她愛好繪畫。2．Shehadanaturalgiftforteaching.她對教學有天賦3．表示贊成同情，用不用1.

Areyoufortheideaoragainstit?你是支持還是反對這個想法？2.

Heexpressessympathyforthecommonpeople..他表現(xiàn)了對普通老百姓的同情。

3.

Ifeltdeeplysorryformyfriendwhowasveryill.4表示因為，由于（常有較活譯法）1Thankyouforcoming.謝謝你來。2.Franceisfamousforitswines.法國因酒而出名。5．

當事人對某事的主觀看法，對于（某人），對…來說（多和形容詞連用）用介詞to，不用for..Hesaidthatmoneywasnotimportanttohim.他說錢對他并不重要。Toheritwasratherunusual.對她來說這是相當不尋常的。Theyarecrueltoanimals.他們對動物很殘忍。6.

表示前往（某地）去某地，用for不用toIboughtaticketforMilan.IstartforShanghaitomorrow.我明天去上海。TheshipisforLiverpool.這艘船是開往利物浦的。7.

表示到達的目的地、終點.用to不用forThebuswilltakeyoutothepostoffice.公共汽車會把你送到郵局去的。Hesawhertotherailwaystation.他把她送到火車站。8．表示交換1）

Iboughtabicycleforsevenhundredyuan.我以七百元買了一輛自行車。2）

Heiswillingtoworkfornothing.他愿意義務(wù)地工作。9．表示就…來說，用forHewastallforhisage.以他的年齡來說他的個子是很高的。Forsoyoungamanhehadreadwidely.作為這樣年輕的人，他書讀的是夠多了。10．表示相應(yīng)、對應(yīng)，一般for的前后用同一個名詞。Don’ttranslatewordforword.不要逐詞翻譯。Bloodforblood!血債血償。Eyeforeye,toothfortooth.以眼還眼，以牙還牙。To的此種用法表示貼著，對著。Thetwoloversdancecheektocheek.這對情侶跳貼面舞。Theystoodfacetoface(backtoback)他們面對面（背對背）地站著。二、putup的用法putup著重指建造或搭起一個具有一定高度的具體的物體，口語中build也有此意。如：Theyputupanewhouse（tent）.他們建了一座新房子（搭了一個帳篷）。build建造，建立，建設(shè)，常指建造較大的物體，如：Theybuilttheirhomesandmadetheirfarmsthere.他們在那兒建立了家園，辦起了自己的農(nóng)場。在表示建立一個商店、企業(yè)時，也可用start和open。如：start/openafactory(shop,business)開辦工廠（商店、公司）。putup1.舉起；抬起；張開（傘）toputupatent架起帳篷Putyourhandsup!;Putthemup!舉起手來!2.張貼；公布toputupanotice張貼布告"Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.""賈斯珀把幾塊`禁止停車'的牌子掛在大門外邊,但這沒有任何效果。"3.接待；為…提供食宿；供膳宿Wecanputuptenpeopleforthenightatapinch.必要時我們可以留宿十個人。putupwith忍受；忍耐；受苦Ican'tputupwithyourhypocricyanymore.我再也不能容忍你的虛偽態(tài)度了。"Thatwoman,asahousewife,hasalottoputupwith."那個女人是個家庭主婦不得不忍受許多煩惱三、try的用法trytodo是盡力做什么事trydoing是嘗試做什么事trytodo表示“努力做某事”,后跟動詞不定式，而trydoing表示“試著做某事”，后接動詞-ing形式，如：Hetriedtoworkouttheproblem.他努力要解出這道題目。Whydon’tyoutrychangingaway?為什么你不試著改變一種方法呢？練習1.–Howaboutsomemorecoffee?--It’sverykindofyou_______A.That’sallrightB.IttastesniceandsweetC.Justalittle,pleaseD.Ienjoyeditverymuch2.–MayIborrowyourdictionary?--___________.A.ByallmeansB.NevermindC.YouarewelcomeD.Don’tmentionit3.–WhichturningshouldItaketotheCapitalbuilding,Madam?--I’msorry,_____I’mastrangerheremyself.A./B.andC.butD.then4.–Bob,areyoufreeatthemoment?Ihaveafavortoaskyou.--_____A.It’sapleasureB.GoaheadC.HelpyourselfD.Ask,please5.Theenginesoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweather____thehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup6.—DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?Oh,no,Iforget,I_____hernow.A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall7.Kathy____alotofSpanishbyplayingwiththenativeboysandgirls.A.pickedupB.tookupC.madeupD.turnedup8.–Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?--Oh,really!Ihaven’t____mymailboxyet.A.examinedB.reviewedC.testedD.checked9.EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand__jokes.A.turningupB.puttingupC.makingupD.showingup10.–Whatwouldyoudoifit______tomorrow?--Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainDisraining答案：1.C2A.3.C4.B5.A6.B7.A8.D9.C10.B完形填空Home,sweethomeItwasDecember22.Thebitterwindsweptthecountlesssnowflakesacrossmyfrontyard.Mydadwastheresweepingthe1.Hisnosewasredasacherry.Witheverybreathhetook,awhitepuff2intotheair.Inside,mymotherwas3thelastoftheboxes.AsIenteredthefrontdoor,the4thataftertodayIwouldn’tenterthroughthatdooreveragain5aholeinmystomach.IpickedupmydogandsatIndianstylewithhiminmylaponthe6,woodenfloor.Ihadnofurnitureoccupyingmyhouse.Isatthereinadaze(恍惚),just8.Therewasnoreasonformyparentstomakeme,aonce912-year-oldkid,10.Ihadtwobestfriendsrightacrossthestreet;IdidwellinschoolandIalwayskeptmyroomclean.11,thiswas“myhouse”.BynomeansdidIwantacoupleof12livinghere.Theserecurring(重復)thoughts13aroundinmymindandIcouldn’tfindananswer.OutofthefrontwindowIcouldseetheorangetopofatruckpullinginhecleaneddrivewayandIknewitwastheotherU-Haul.Instantlytheremencame14inthebackdoorlikeWorldWarⅢIwatched15asthemen,mymotherandmydadloadedthetruck.Mydogevenwinced(畏縮)ashestaredoutofthewindow.Iwonderedifhewas16,too,orifhejustwishedtoplayoutsideinthesnow.Mymumcamein,lookingsolemn(凝重)formysake,Iimagined.Sheturned17theoverheadlight,putthe18inmyarmandtookmeoutofthebackdoor.Atotally19feelingfilledmyheart.Forthefirsttimeinmylife.Iwonderedwhat201.A.stairsB.gardenC.sidewalkD.driveway2.A.escapedB.flewC.roseD.flowed3.A.pilingB.packingC.collectingD.locking4.A.ideaB.dreamC.thoughtD.worry5.A.cutB.burnedC.shotD.made6.A.coldB.wetC.brokenD.messy7.A.choiceB.wayC.solutionD.means8.A.dreamingB.thinkingC.staringD.crying9.A.diligentB.cleverC.happyD.honest10.A.remainB.cryC.sufferD.move11.A.HoweverB.BesidesC.Therefore