年4月稽陽聯(lián)誼學(xué)校高三聯(lián)考英語試題卷本試題卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）。第Ⅰ卷1至8頁，第Ⅱ卷9至頁。滿分分，考試用時(shí)分鐘。請(qǐng)考生按照規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng)：答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inagrocerystore.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:standinginline.I’llgotogettheonionyouabsolutelyneedtomakedinner.M:Okay.I’mwaitingtocheckout.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhydidthewomangototheMacy’sagain?A.getaChristmasgift.B.buysomenewlights.C.solveaproblem.【答案】C【解析】第1頁/共27頁【原文】M:Wherewereyouheadingjustnow,Cindy?W:MyhusbandpluggedinourChristmastreeandfoundthatthelightsdidn’twork.SowewenttotheMacy’sandtheypromisedtosendussomenewlights.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdidthemando?A.Hehelpedhissister.B.Hesawaspecialist.C.Hecaredforhisson.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ithasbeenalongwhilesinceyouaskedforleave.M:MysistertookhersontoCaliforniatoseeaspecialistfortreatment.Iflewoutthereandcaredformy4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchwasthebook?A.$8.B.$5.C.$3.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hey,what’snew?lookexcited!M:Iwasattractedbyabook.Itwasonsalefor$10.TheclerktoldmeIcouldgetitfor$5.Itwas$2cheaperthanIthought.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?A.Jobopportunities.B.Companymanagement.C.Industrydevelopment.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tknowmuchaboutthisyoungcompany,butI’minterestedinthisindustry.W:startedourbusinessoneyearago.M:Soanyotherjobopeningsavailable?第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中第2頁/共27頁選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whatishappeningonthehill?A.Apaintingcompetition.B.Aninterestinggame.C.Adecorationactivity.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Chaseanegg.B.Collectkids.C.Haveapicnic.【答案】6B7.A【解析】【原文】W:What’severyonedoingintheparktoday?Itlookssolively!M:Oh,it’stheannualspringcelebration!There’sfacepainting,apicnicarea,andevenakids’race.W:Thatsoundsfun!What’shappeningoverthereonthehill?M:That’sthebestpart—theparkisgettinginonthefunwithanegg-rollingcompetition.Kidsareracingtheirdecoratedeggsdowntheslope!W:Ilovethat!Cananyonejoin,orisitjustforkids?M:Everyone’swelcome!Grabaneggandlet’sroll!8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Attendingaclass.B.Applyingforajob.C.Sharingherexperience.9.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Readingpeople.B.Makingdinner.C.stories.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.andcustomer.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Ijustwantedtotellyousomethinginterestingaboutmypart-timejobduringmysummervacation.第3頁/共27頁M:Goahead.Whatdidyoudo?W:Ifirstworkedasaserveratarestaurant.It’scrazyhowmuchyoucanlearnaboutpeoplejustbyobservingtheirbodylanguageandevenwhattheywear.M:That’sinteresting.Couldyougivemeanexample?W:Iftheyarecheckingtheirwatches,IknowIneedtobeinarush.Iftheysmileandenjoylongconversations,they’llverylikelyexpectmetoslowtheservice.M:That’ssocool!Ineverthoughtaboutallthelittlethingsserverspickupon.Thanksforsharing.W:Noproblem!It’sbeenareallyeye-openingexperienceforsure.Icansavethatmoneytogoonatripafterthisterm.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hecan’tmoveatall.B.Hehassomepaininhisback.C.Hefromastomachache.12.Whendidthemanfirsthaveastomachache?A.Fourmonthsago.B.Threedaysago.C.Lastnight.13.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Haveacheckup.B.Getashot.C.Lieonthebed.【答案】C12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Okay.Nowtellme,whataretheproblemsthatyouarefacing?M:SinceyesterdaynightI’vebeenfeelingpaininmystomach.Igotsomemedicinefromthedrugstoreandthentookapilllastnightbutthepainwasstillthesame.W:Doyoufeelanythingworse?M:Ithrewuplastnightandtodaymorningaswell.W:Haveyouhadthiskindofstomachachebefore?M:Fourmonthsago,Idrankalotofwineatmymom’sbirthdaypartyintheevening.Iwokeupthenextmorningwithaterriblestomachpain.ThenItookapainkillerandthepainwentaway.W:Okay.Couldyoulieonthatbed?Ineedtohaveacheck.Doesithurthere?第4頁/共27頁M:No.Isitserious?W:Ican’tsayIwillgiveyousomemoretestsandgettheresultsinthreedays.M:Couldyouhelpmeout?Ican’tevenwalkproperlyW:Ofcourse.I’mgivingyouashotfortemporaryrelief.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhishouse?A.It'scrowded.B.It'sconvenient.C.It'sexpensive.15.WhydidthewomanchoosetomovetoOakton?A.seekgoodeducationforJenny.B.protectwildanimals.C.getabighouse.16.WheredidJennycompletehereducation?A.InNewDelhi.B.InC.InMaryland.17.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Havingadrinktogether.B.careofherdog.C.outfordeer.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.A【解析】【原文】W:Whendidyoumovehere?M:Sixyearsago.MywifeandImovedtothisneighborhoodfromNewDelhi,oneofthemostcrowdedplacesonearth.W:Whatmadeyouchoosethisneighborhood?M:Oneday,whileleavingourdaughter’shouse,mywifestoppedatagaragesale.Theownersaidthehousewasonsale.spentmonthsinasmallrentalapartmentwhilelookingforahousetobuy.boughtthathousewithbigdiscountsthenextday.It’sonlysixblocksdownfromourdaughter’s.Howaboutyou?W:MyhusbandandIwithmydaughterJennymovedtoOaktoninFairfaxCounty,27yearsagobecauseitwasnearsomeofthecountry’sbestpublicschools.Thehousehasabigyardwherethekidscanplay.Thefoxanddeerregularlyvisithere.第5頁/共27頁M:Soyourdaughtermustbequiteoutstanding.W:Thanks.ShegraduatedfromUniversityinMarylandandthenworksasanassistantinDellM:Itwasnicetalkingwithyou.Whynotgetinandhaveacupoftea?W:Thanks,I'dloveto.ButIhavetowalkmydog.18.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshare?A.Themathexperts.B.Thehistoryofamathsymbol.C.Thewaystolearnmath.19.WhendidthenamePiappear?A.Inthe16thcentury.B.Inthe18thcentury.C.Inthe19thcentury.20.WhatisspecialaboutthePiDay?A.It’salsoLarryShaw’sbirthday.B.Itcandatebackto2006.C.Ithasacustomofeatingpie.【答案】18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:HowmuchdoyoureallyknowaboutPi?Sure,you'veheardaboutitinmathclass—potentiallysharingaPijokeortwo—butthisfamousnumberhasahistorysofascinatingthatitevenhasitsownholiday.EveryyearonMarch14,mathenthusiastsaroundtheworldcelebratePiDay—anentiredaydedicatedtotheinfinite,irrationalnumberthatstartswith3.14.AndoneofthebestwaystocelebrateisbylearningandsharingthemostinterestingandfunfactsaboutPi!GetreadytoexpandyourknowledgeanddiscoversomeofthecoolestfactsaboutPi.Pi,theGreekletterπ,ispronouncedliketheword“pie”.Itequalsroughly3.14.Inthe18thcentury,mathematiciansgavethenumberthename“Pi”.In1988,LarryShawofSanFrancisco’ssciencemuseumstartedobservingMarch14asPiDay.ItalsohappenstobeAlbertEinstein’sbirthday.EatingpieonPiDayisatradition.AccordingtoTheGuardian,AkiraHaraguchirecited100,000digitsofPibackin2006.Thisimpressivetaskreportedlytookhimacool16hoursand30minutestocomplete.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第6頁/共27頁第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFromforgottenbeaches,ancientcastlestosoaringdesertdunes(沙丘),Moroccoboaststhebestlocationsforhiking,surfing,swimmingandsleepingunderthestars.ExtendingfromtheAtlanticcoasttotheedgeoftheSaharaandwithahugevarietyofterrain,theAnti-AtlasMountainscaterforeventhemostindecisivetraveller.Aboveall,Anti-Atlasisagadircountry(thewordmeanswall).Thelandscapeisdottedwiththeseremarkablewalls.Builtfromstoneandclay,theyweretypicallysetonhilltopsortoprovideprotectionfromattack.UnlikeMorocco’sAtlanticcoast,thecountry’sMediterraneancoastlineisalesswell-knowndestination.Ofallthebeachesinthisarea,PlageIhttpyenisthebest.HiddenfromviewbehindtwoenormousredeastofPortSidiHsain,andaccessibleonlybyasteeprockypath,it’sanincrediblepeacefulandpicturesquespot,withcrystallinewaveslappingagainstthepebbleshoreandcuriousrockformationsrisingfromthewaves.Foundedinthe16thcenturybythePortuguese,Agadirquicklybecameaboomingtradingpost,growingrichontheprofitsofsugarandspices.In1960,anearthquakedestroyedmostofthecityandpavedthewayforitsrebirthasatouristresort.Thisistheplaceifyou’reseekingsun,sandandsurf;thecoastlinearoundAgadiristheheartlandofMorocco’ssurfsceneandyoudon’thavetolookfartodiscoverquietersurfingbeaches.LocatedattheedgeoftheSahara’sshiftingsands,Merzougahasbecomeoneofthemaindesertcentersfortravellers.Thedrivethereinvolvesadramaticjourneyoverhighmountainsandremoterivervalleys,apanoraman(全景)outshoneonlybytheviewattheendoftheroad:thesoaringdunesofErgChebbistandinmagnificenceonthehorizon.Climbtothetopofthe150-metre-highdunesafterthewinterrainsandyoucangazedownontoMerzougaLake,awateringholefrequentedbyacolonyofflamingos(火烈鳥)andoccasionalcamelherders.21.WhatdoweknowabouttheAnti-AtlasMountains?A.Theyserveasatradecenter.B.TheyoverlooktheArcticOcean.C.Theyfeaturedefensivestructures.D.Theyattractdesertenthusiasts.第7頁/共27頁22.WhatdoAgadirandMerzougahaveincommon?A.Peacefulcoastlineviews.B.Uniqueanimalexperiences.C.Beautifulnaturalscenery.D.Magnificentdesertdunes.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine.B.Amarinestudy.C.Ahistoricalrecord.D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了摩洛哥一些適合徒步旅行、沖浪、游泳和露營的地方，包括阿特拉斯山脈、地中海海岸、阿加迪爾和梅爾祖卡等地的特色景觀?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anti-AtlasMountains”部分中“Aboveall,Anti-Atlasisagadircountry(thewordmeanswall).Thelandscapeisdottedwiththeseremarkablewalls.Builtfromstoneandclay,theyweretypicallysetonhilltopsortoprovideprotectionfromattack.(最重要的是，Anti-Atlas是一個(gè)agadir國家（這個(gè)詞的意思擊)”可知，阿特拉斯山脈有很多用石頭和黏土建造的墻，這些墻通常建在山頂或懸崖上以抵御攻擊，具有防御功能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Agadir”部分中“Thisistheplaceifyou’reseekingsun,sandandsurf;thecoastlinearoundAgadiristheheartlandofMorocco’ssurfsceneandyoudon’thavetolookfartodiscoverquietersurfingbeaches.(如果你想尋找陽光、沙灘和沖浪，那么這里就是你的好去處；阿加迪爾周圍的海岸線是摩洛哥沖浪的中心地帶，你不用找很遠(yuǎn)就能找到更安靜的沖浪海灘)”可知阿加迪爾有美麗的陽光、沙灘和海浪；根據(jù)“Merzouga”部分中“Thedrivethereinvolvesadramaticjourneyoverhighmountainsandremoterivervalleys,apanorama(全景)outshoneonlybytheviewattheendoftheroad:thesoaringdunesofErgChebbistandinmagnificenceonthehorizon.Climbtothetopofthe150-metre-highdunesafterthewinterrainsandyoucangazedownontoMerzougaLake,awateringholefrequentedbyacolonyofflamingos(火烈鳥)andoccasionalcamelherders.(能看到比這更壯觀的景色：ErgChebbi高聳的沙丘矗立在地平線上。冬雨過后，爬到150米高的沙丘頂端，你可以俯瞰梅爾祖加湖（MerzougaLake)”可知梅爾祖卡有壯觀的沙丘、美麗的湖泊等自然景觀。所以二者的共同之處是都有美麗的自然風(fēng)光。故選C項(xiàng)。第8頁/共27頁【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Fromforgottenbeaches,ancientcastlestosoaringdesertdunes(沙丘),Moroccoboaststhebestlocationsforhiking,surfing,swimmingandsleepingunderthestars.(從被遺忘的海灘、古老的城堡到高聳的沙丘，摩洛哥擁有徒步旅行、沖浪、游泳和在星空下睡覺的最佳地點(diǎn))”可知，文章主要介紹了摩洛哥一些適合徒步旅行、沖浪、游泳和露營的地方，包括阿特拉斯山脈、地中海海岸、阿加迪爾和梅爾祖卡等地的特色景觀，由此可推斷文章最有可能來自旅游雜志。故選A項(xiàng)。BthecoastofSantaBarbara—JustyardsfromtheFish1,a22-footresearchship,ahumpbackwhaleabouttwicethesizeoftheboatthrewitselfoutofthewater,sendingshiningdropletsinabrokennecklaceofsplash.Intheotherdirection,acargoship,piledhighwithcontainers,creptcloser.AboardtheFish1,aslightfigurewhosefaceiswrinkledfromyearsinthesunandsaltwater,lookedfromonetotheother.OceanscientistDouglasMcCauleywantedtoseewhetherthenearreal-timedetectionsystemheandhiscolleagueshaddeveloped,WhaleSafe,couldpreventcrashesbetweenwhalesandshipsintheSantaBarbaraChannel.Bycollectingdatafromseveralsources,WhaleSafeforecaststoshipsthechancesofmeetingawhaleandthengradesshippingcompaniesonwhethertheyactuallyslowdownduringwhalemigrations.canliterallywatchalloftheshipsinCaliforniaandacrossthewholeocean;wearebetterpositionedthaneverbeforetotrytotrackdamagebeforeitoccurs,”McCauleysaid,areintroubleifwedon’tdosomethingdifferent,andIrealizedthatifIkeptstickingmyheadliterallyunderwaterorstayedinthelab,theseproblemsweren’tgoingtofixthemselves.”Humanshaveworkedintheseasforcenturies.Butasdevelopmenthasintensifiedandtheplanethaswarmed,the43-year-oldMcCauleyhasdaredtobravethegrayareabetweenscientificresearchandadvocacytotrytofixtheseproblems—oratleastmakethemvisible.“OneofDoug’snotablequalitiesasascientististhatheiskeentoexploreoutsidethebox,”saidBenjaminHalpern,aprofessorofmarinebiologyandoceanconservationwhohasworkedwithMcCauleyforaboutadecade.“Heisaverycreativethinker,andabletothinkdifferentlyaboutthesolutionstoproblemsandwhatkindsofresearchandsciencecanhelpinformthose.”24.Whyarethewhaleandtheshipmentionedinparagraph.1?A.tellastory.B.describeascene.C.provideanexample.D.makeacomparison.25.WhatdoweknowaboutWhaleSafe?第9頁/共27頁A.Italarmsthewhalesaboutthepresenceofships.B.Itdata-drivenwarningstotheships.C.Itgradesshippingcompaniesallyeararound.D.Itrecordscrashesbetweenwhalesandships.26.WhatcanweinferfromMcCauley’words?A.Preventivemeasuresarecriticaltowhaleprotection.B.Conventionalapproachesproveeffectiveindamagetracking.C.Underwaterinvestigationguaranteesreal-timeoceanmonitoring.D.Laboratoryresearchprovidesvaluablesolutionstooceanproblems.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDouglasMcCauley?ACourageousandhard-working.B.Adventurousandopen-minded.C.Competitiveandforward-looking.D.Innovativeandsolution-oriented.【答案】24.B25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了海洋科學(xué)家道格拉斯·麥考利開發(fā)WhaleSafe系統(tǒng)，通過實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測和數(shù)據(jù)收集，減少船只與鯨魚的碰撞，保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)的故事。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“thecoastofSantaBarbara—JustyardsfromtheFish1,a22-footresearchship,ahumpbackwhaleabouttwicethesizeoftheboatthrewitselfoutofthewater,sendingshiningdropletsinabrokennecklaceofsplash.Intheotherdirection,acargoship,piledhighwithcontainers,creptcloser.(在圣巴巴拉22英尺長的科考船“魚1號(hào)”僅幾碼遠(yuǎn)的地方，一條大約有船兩倍大的座頭鯨躍出水面，飛濺出閃閃發(fā)光的水珠，形成一條破碎的項(xiàng)鏈。在另一個(gè)方向，一艘堆滿了集裝箱的貨船慢慢靠近)”可推知，第一段通過描述鯨魚躍出水面和貨船靠近的場景，為讀者呈現(xiàn)了一幅生動(dòng)的畫面。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bycollectingdatafromseveralsources,WhaleSafeforecaststoshipsthechancesofmeetingawhaleandthengradesshippingcompaniesonwhethertheyactuallyslowdownduringwhalemigrations.(通過從多個(gè)來源收集數(shù)據(jù)，鯨魚安全組織預(yù)測船只遇到鯨魚的機(jī)會(huì)，然后根據(jù)航運(yùn)公司在鯨魚遷徙期間是否真的放慢了速度，對(duì)它們進(jìn)行評(píng)級(jí))”可知，WhaleSafe通過收集多個(gè)來源的數(shù)據(jù)，向船只預(yù)測遇到鯨魚的可能性，即它向船只提供基于數(shù)據(jù)的警告。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“canliterallywatchalloftheshipsinCaliforniaandacrossthewholeocean;we第10頁/共27頁arebetterpositionedthaneverbeforetotrytotrackdamagebeforeitoccurs,”McCauleysaid,areintroubleifwedon’tdosomethingdifferent,andIrealizedthatifIkeptstickingmyheadliterallyunderwaterorstayedinthelab,theseproblemsweren’tgoingtofixthemselves.”()取不同的措施就會(huì)有麻煩。由此推知，預(yù)防措施對(duì)于鯨魚保護(hù)至關(guān)重要。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““OneofDoug’snotablequalitiesasascientististhatheiskeentoexploreoutsidethebox,”saidBenjaminHalpern,aprofessorofmarinebiologyandoceanconservationwhohasworkedwithMcCauleyforaboutadecade.“Heisaverycreativethinker,andabletothinkdifferentlyaboutthesolutionstoproblemsandwhatkindsofresearchandsciencecanhelpinformthose.”()同的方式思考問題的解決方案。由此推知，他具有創(chuàng)新精神和解決問題的能力。故選D項(xiàng)。CTheprogressofahumanbeingthroughlifemightbethoughtofasmostlygradualchangesfromthecelltothegrave.Butifyouwakeuponemorning,lookinthemirror,andwonderwhenyousuddenlygrewsomucholder,youmaynotbeimaginingthings.Accordingtoarecentresearchintothemolecular(分子)changesassociatedwithaging,humansexperiencetwosharplurchesforward,oneattheaverageageof44andtheotherattheaverageageof60.notjustchanginggraduallyovertime;therearesomereallydramaticchanges,”geneticistMichaelSnyderofStanfordUniversityexplained.Agingiscomplex,andassociatedwithgrowingrisksofdiseasesofallkinds.Snyderandhiscolleagueshavebeeninvestigatingthebiologyofagingtobetterunderstandwhatchangesoccurandhow,inordertobettereaseandtreatthesediseases.thisend,theyhavebeentrackingagroupof108adults,withagesspanningfrom25to70,whohavebeendonatingbiologicalsampleseveryfewmonthsoverseveralyears.Theynoticedthatinsomeconditions,suchasAlzheimer’sandcardiovasculardisease,riskdoesn’trisegraduallywithtime;itincreasessharplyafteracertainage.seeiftheycouldidentifyrelatedchanges,theresearchersdecidedtotakeacloserlookatthebiomarkersofaging.Eachparticipantsubmittedanaverageof47samplesover626days,withthelongest-servingparticipant第11頁/共27頁submitting367samples.Thiswealthofdataresultedinmorethan246billiondatapoints,whichtheresearchersthenprocessed,lookingforpatternsinthechanges.Snyderandhiscolleaguesnoticedthataround81percentofallthemoleculestheystudiedshowedchangesattwodistinctstages.Changespeakedinthemid-40s,andagainintheearly60s,withslightdifferences.Despitetheirfindings,theresearchersnotethattheirsamplesizeisprettysmall,andtheytestedlimitedbiologicalsamples.Futureresearchcouldhelpdigfurtherintothisphenomenon,studyingitinmoredetail,acrossawiderrangeofsubjects,tobetterunderstandhowthehumanbodychangesovertime.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)urches”inparagraph1mean?A.Rises.B.Advances.C.Conditions.D.Changes.29.WhatistheaimofMichaelSnyder’sresearchteam?A.slowtheagingprocess.B.extendhumanlifespan.C.promotediseasetreatment.D.reducediseaserisks.30.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparticipants?A.Theyexperiencedidenticalchangesattwoagestages.B.Theirriskofcontractingcertaindiseasesrosewithtime.C.Theydonatedbiologicalsamplesmonthlyovertheyears.D.Theirlong-terminvolvementcontributedtotheabundanceofdata.31.Whatisauthor’ssuggestionforfutureresearch?A.Expandthesamplesize.B.Lengthentheresearchperiod.C.Increasethenumberofresearchers.D.Improvethedataprocessingefficiency.【答案】28.D29.C30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了衰老研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人在44歲和60歲有急劇變化?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“notjustchanginggraduallyovertime;therearesomereallydramaticchanges,”geneticistMichaelSnyderofStanfordUniversityexplained.(斯坦福大學(xué)的遺傳學(xué)家邁克爾·斯奈德)”以及劃線單詞后半句話“oneattheaverageageof44andtheotherattheaverageageof60(一個(gè)平均44歲，另一個(gè)平均60歲)”可知，根據(jù)最近對(duì)與衰老相關(guān)的分子變化的研究，人類經(jīng)歷了兩次顯著的變化，一次是在平均年齡44是平均年齡60lurches”的意思是“變化”。故選D。第12頁/共27頁【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Snyderandhiscolleagueshavebeeninvestigatingthebiologyofagingtobetterunderstandwhatchangesoccurandhow,inordertobettereaseandtreatthesediseases.(Snyder和他的同事一直在研究衰老的生物學(xué)，以更好地了解發(fā)生了什么變化以及如何變化，以便更好地緩解和治療這些疾病)”可知，MichaelSnyder的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的目的是促進(jìn)疾病的治療。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Eachparticipantsubmittedanaverageof47samplesover626days,withthelongest-servingparticipantsubmitting367samples.Thiswealthofdataresultedinmorethan246billiondatapoints,whichtheresearchersthenprocessed,lookingforpatternsinthechanges.(在626交了47個(gè)樣本，其中服務(wù)時(shí)間最長的參與者提交了367個(gè)樣本。這些豐富的數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)生了超過2460億個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)，研究人員隨后對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了處理，尋找變化中的規(guī)律)”可知，參與者的長期參與為數(shù)據(jù)的豐富性做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選D。【31題詳解】Despitetheirfindings,theresearchersnotethattheirsamplesizeisprettysmall,andtheytestedlimitedbiologicalsamples.Futureresearchcouldhelpdigfurtherintothisphenomenon,studyingitinmoredetail,acrossawiderrangeofsubjects,tobetterunderstandhowthehumanbodychangesovertime.(盡管取得了這些研究成果，研究人員指出他們的樣本規(guī)模相當(dāng)小，而且他們檢測的生物樣本也有限。未來的研究可以有助于進(jìn)一步深入探究這一現(xiàn)象，在更廣泛的研究對(duì)象范圍內(nèi)更詳細(xì)地對(duì)其展開研究，以便更好地了解人體是如何隨著時(shí)間推移而發(fā)生變化的)”可推知，作者對(duì)未來研究的建議是擴(kuò)大樣本量。故選A。Dmachinesturnonhumanity?webecomeslavesforasuperiorartificialintelligence?Whilesuchquestionsmayseemtobelongtothefieldofsciencefiction,theworld-endingpotentialofAIisbecominganincreasinglyurgenttopic—mostlyduetotherapidongoingdevelopmentofpopulartechnologieslikeChatGPT.ThemoreextremeconcernsaroundAIinvolvewhat’sknownasthesingularity.Inhis2010paperTheSingularity:APhilosophicalAnalysis,thephilosopherDavidChalmersdescribesthesingularityasfollows:“Whathappenswhenmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans?Oneviewisthatthiseventwillbefollowedbyanexplosiontoever-greaterlevelsofintelligence,aseachgenerationofmachinescreatesmoreintelligentmachinesinturn.Thisintelligenceexplosionisnowknownasthe‘singularity’.”Themainworryisthat,ifsuchasingularityeventweretooccur,we’dnolongerhaveauthorityoverwhathappensinsociety.WhileinfluentialfiguresacrossAIresearchexpressrealconcernaboutthesingularity,however,American第13頁/共27頁philosopherDanielDennettdoesn’tbuyit.As-heputsit,“Iamnotworriedabouthumanitycreatingaraceofsuper-intelligentagents,butthatdoesnotmeanIamnotworried.Iseeother,lessdramatic,butmuchmorelikely,scenariosintheimmediatefuturethatarecauseforconcern.”Hearguesthatsmarttechnologypresentsuswithmorepracticalthreatsthathaveafarhigherlikelihoodofoccurring.AsDennettclarifies:“Therealdangerisnotthatmachinesmoreintelligentthanwearewillusurp(篡奪)ourroleascaptainsofourdestinies,butthatwewilloverestimatethecomprehensionofourlatestthinkingtools,easilyceding(讓渡)authoritytothemfarbeyondtheircompetence.”transport.It’snotjustaviationandshippingindustriesthatdependonGPSforsafeandefficientnavigation:howmanyindividualsnowturntotheirsmartphonesinsteadofusingaroadmap?AsDennettsummarizes:“Useitorloseitistheruleofthumbcitedatthispoint...howconcernedshouldwebethatwearedumbingourselvesdownbyourgrowingrelianceonintelligentmachines?”32.WhatmakesthefutureofAIbecomeahottopic?A.Advancementoftechnologies.B.Popularityofsciencefiction.C.Humanityofmachines.D.Riseofunemployment.33.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribe“singularity”?A.Itisafictionaldesignthatpopulatessciencenovels.B.Itisahypotheticalpointwheremachinesbeathumanintelligence.C.ItisamathematicalmodelthatpredictsthedevelopmentofAI.D.Itisapossiblesituationwhereintelligenceexplosionisundercontrol.34.AccordingtoDanielDennett,whatshouldwereallyworryabout?A.Theprobableoccurrenceofsingularity.B.Human’screationofsuperthinkingtools.C.Machine’sdominanceoverhumanbeings.D.Human’smisjudgmentofAI’scapabilities.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Super-intelligence:thefuturetrendofAI.B.Overreliance:therealdangerofAI.C.Singularity:theuncontrollablenatureofAI.D.Reliability:thewideapplicationofAI.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】DanielDennett認(rèn)為人工智能的潛在威脅在于人類高估AI的能力并對(duì)其過度依賴?！?2題詳解】第14頁/共27頁細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whilesuchquestionsmayseemtobelongtothefieldofsciencefiction,theworld-endingpotentialofAIisbecominganincreasinglyurgenttopic—mostlyduetotherapidongoingdevelopmentofpopulartechnologieslikeChatGPT.(雖然這些問題似乎屬于科幻小說的范疇，但人工智能終結(jié)世界的潛力正成為一個(gè)越來越緊迫的話題——這主要是由于ChatGPT等流行技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展)”可知，AI成為熱點(diǎn)是因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)進(jìn)步。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneviewisthatthiseventwillbefollowedbyanexplosiontoever-greaterlevelsofintelligence,aseachgenerationofmachinescreatesmoreintelligentmachinesinturn.Thisintelligenceexplosionisnowknownasthe‘singularity’.(一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，隨著每一代機(jī)器反過來創(chuàng)造出更智能的機(jī)器，這一事件將帶來智能水平更高的爆炸式增長。這種智能爆炸現(xiàn)在被稱為‘奇點(diǎn)’)”可知，奇點(diǎn)是“機(jī)器智能超越人類的假設(shè)點(diǎn)”。故選B?！?4題詳解】Therealdangerisnotthatmachinesmoreintelligentthanwearewillusurp(篡奪)ourroleascaptainsofourdestinies,butthatwewilloverestimatethecomprehensionofourlatestthinkingtools,easilyceding(讓渡)authoritytothemfarbeyondtheircompetence.(真正的危險(xiǎn)不是比我們更聰明的機(jī)器會(huì)取代我們主宰自己命運(yùn)的角色，而是我們會(huì)高估自己對(duì)最新思維工具的理解能力，輕易地把權(quán)力拱手讓給它們，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出它們的能力)”可知，Dennett認(rèn)為真正的危險(xiǎn)是人類對(duì)AI能力的誤判。故選D。35題詳解】Therealdangerisnotthatmachinesmoreintelligentthanwearewillusurp(篡奪)ourroleascaptainsofourdestinies,butthatwewilloverestimatethecomprehensionofourlatestthinkingtools,easilyceding(讓渡)authoritytothemfarbeyondtheircompetence.(真正的危險(xiǎn)不是比我們更聰明的機(jī)器會(huì)取代我們主宰自己命運(yùn)的角色，而是我們會(huì)高估自己對(duì)最新思維工具的理解能力，輕易地把權(quán)力拱手讓給它們，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出它們的能力)”和第四段“Useitorloseitistheruleofthumbcitedatthispoint...howconcernedshouldwebethatwearedumbingourselvesdownbyourgrowingrelianceonintelligentmachines?(使用它或失去它是在這一點(diǎn)上引用的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則……我們應(yīng)該多擔(dān)心由于對(duì)智能機(jī)器的依賴而使自己變得愚笨呢？)”可知，全文圍繞人類對(duì)AI的過度依賴及其潛在危險(xiǎn)展開，B選項(xiàng)“過度依賴：人工智能的真正危險(xiǎn)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A第15頁/共27頁Hiking,aformofexerciseolderthanexerciseitself,issohotrightFrom2018to2021,thenumberofAmericanshittingthetrailsincreasedfromaround48millionto59million.___36___Hikingallthecardiovascular(心血管)benefitsofwalking.___37___Theuneventrailsstrengthenlegsandmusclesmoreeffectivelythanwalkingonflatsurfaces.Thisinturnimprovesbalanceandstability,makinghikingafull-bodyworkout.___38___.Spendingtimeinnatureandexperiencingawe-inspiringlandscapescanreducestressandanxiety.A2015studyfoundthatpeoplewhowalkedinnaturefor90minuteswerelesslikelytoengageindepression—comparedtothosewhowalkedinurbanenvironments.However,hikingdoescarrysomerisks.ensureasafeandenjoyableexperience,it’simportanttotakeafewsimpleprecautions.Ifyou’reanewhiker,gowithafriendorjoinalocalgroup.___39___Remember:Thepointistobeabletoseetheviewsandsmelltheflowers.Inconclusion,hikingismorethanjustexercise.___40___Byfollowingbasicsafetyguidelines,hikerscanensuretheyreturnhomesafeandreadyfortheirnextadventure.Whetheryou’reaseasonedhikerora