PartⅣ

Lesson4

JourneytotheAntarcticⅠ.重點單詞1.____________prep.在……里面，在……內(nèi)部2.____________n.準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備→preparev.準(zhǔn)備3.____________vt.震驚，驚駭→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.(人)感到震驚的4.____________n.目的；目標(biāo)→aimn.(同義詞)目標(biāo)，目的5.____________n.志向，抱負(fù)→ambitiousadj.有志向的，有抱負(fù)的6.___________adj.(人)感到疲憊的→exhaustingadj.令人疲憊的→exhaustvt.使……疲憊withinpreparationshockgoalambitionexhausted7.____________adj.沒有希望的→hopefuladj.(反義詞)有希望的→hopen.希望8.____________adj.愉快的，高興的→cheern.&vt.歡呼9.____________adj.遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的→distancen.遠(yuǎn)處，遠(yuǎn)方10.____________n.悲哀，憂傷→sadadj.悲傷的，悲哀的11.____________vi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用→functionaladj.功能的，職能的12.____________n.耐心；忍耐力→patientn.&adj.病人；有耐心的→impatientadj.(反義詞)沒耐心的13.____________n.國籍→nationn.國家，民族→nationaladj.國家的hopelesscheerfuldistantsadnessfunctionpatiencenationalityⅡ.核心短語1.________________在途中2.________________損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)3.________________用完，耗盡

4.________________繼續(xù)做某事5._______________________在做某事上有困難6.makepreparationsfor________________7.inthehistoryof________________8.makeprogress________________onone’swaybreakdownrunoutofcarryonhavedifficulty(in)doingsth為……做準(zhǔn)備在……的歷史上取得進(jìn)步Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1._______________thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.接著，漆黑的極地冬夜開始了。2.He____________teamsofdogs____________thesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.他讓成群的狗拉著雪橇，所有人都配有滑雪板。3.CaptainScottandhisteammembersreachedthePole，but________________________.斯科特上校和他的隊友們登上了南極，但卻沒有什么可慶祝的。4.Weareverycheerful，but________________________________Icanonlyguess.我們看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。Thencamehadpullingwithlittletocelebratewhateachmanfeelsinhisheart1.詞根詞綴prepare(準(zhǔn)備)＋-ation(名詞后綴)→preparationn.準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備hope(希望)＋-less(否定后綴)→hopelessadj.沒有希望的sad(悲傷的，悲哀的)＋-ness(名詞后綴)→sadnessn.悲哀，憂傷national(國家，民族)＋-ity(名詞后綴)→nationalityn.國籍2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換shockvt.震驚，驚駭→n.休克；震驚，驚駭；打擊functionn.功能；→vi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用aimn.目的，目標(biāo)→vi.打算vt.目的在于；把……對準(zhǔn)原文呈現(xiàn)閱讀清障①onone’sway在途中inaway不完全地，在某種程度上②beon開始③preparation/,prep?’reI??n/n.準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備inpreparationfor...為……做準(zhǔn)備(介詞短語)makepreparationsfor...為……做準(zhǔn)備※本句是一個完全倒裝句，正常語序為：“Thetotaldarknessofthepolarwintercamethen.”。④havesbdoing(sth)使某人一直做(某事)havesbdosth使某人做某事⑤sledge/sled?/n.雪橇⑥becauseof因為，后接名詞或代詞。⑦makeprogress取得進(jìn)步；取得進(jìn)展⑧breakdown出故障，壞掉breakup粉碎；解散；結(jié)束⑨havedifficultywith...在……上有困難⑩afterawhile過了一會兒，過了一段時間onceinawhile偶爾※動詞不定式短語toleave作定語，修飾thefirst。?preparefor為……做準(zhǔn)備bepreparedfor對……做好準(zhǔn)備?shock/??k/vt.使震驚，使驚愕beshockedby/at被……震驚※when在此引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。?goal/ɡ??l/n.目的；目標(biāo)achieveagoal達(dá)到目標(biāo)?ambition/?m’bI??n/n.志向，抱負(fù)ambitiousadj.有野心的，有雄心的

?facevt.&vi.面對；面向

?exploration/,ekspl?’reI?n/n.探究；探索?exhausted/Iɡ’z?:stId/adj.疲憊的exhaustingadj.使人疲憊不堪的；令人筋疲力盡的?runoutof用完，耗盡runoutof為及物動詞短語，后接賓語，可用被動語態(tài)。runout為不及物動詞短語。Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1.Amundsenwasa(n)______explorer.A.Italian

B.NorwegianC.British D.French2.Amundsensucceededbecause______.A.hismenweremuchmorehealthierB.hismenarrivedtherebyplaneC.dogspulledhissledgesandhismenwereonskisD.hismendidnotmeetwithsnowandcold3.Inthereturnjourney，Scottmetwiththefollowingexcept______.A.lackoffood B.exhaustionC.lackoffreshwater D.badweather4.WhydidScottandhismenbecomeheroes?A.Becausetheyachievedtheirgoaloftheirambition.B.Becausetheyreturnedfromtheirexplorationsafely.C.BecausetheywontheracetothePole.D.Becausetheyshowedgreatcourageallthetime.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.AmundsenwontheracetothePole.B.Amundsenandhismenhadtopushthesledgesthemselves.C.Amundsenandhismencarriedsomerockswiththem.D.EdgarEvanshaddifficultywalking.答案

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.D

5.AⅡ.Readthetextagainandcompletethefollowingform.TitleThe1.____________tothePoleAmundsen’ssuccessfulexpedition◆AmundsenfromNorwaywasthefirsttoleave，on15October，1911.◆Hehadteamsof2.____________pullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis，becauseofwhichhemade3.____________progress.◆AmundsenreachedthePoleon14Decemberandputtheirnational4.____________there.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.RacedogsrapidflagScott’sdifficultbutcourageousexpedition◆Scottlefton1Novemberandsoonhadproblems.◆Thehorseshaddifficultieswiththesnowandthecold，andthesledgesbrokedown.Afterawhile，Scottandhismenhadto5.____________thesledgesthemselves.◆ScottandfourteammembersfinallyreachedthePoleandtheywere6.____________bytheNorwegian’sfirstarrival.◆Thereturnjourneywashardbecausethemenwere7.____________andwererunningoutoffoodandtheweatherwasterrible.Allofthemendiedin8.____________.◆Scottandhismen9.____________towintheracetothePolebuttheyweremadeintoheroesbecauseoftheirextraordinary10.____________.pushshockedexhausteddisasterfailedcourageⅢ.Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1.CaptainScottandhisteammembersreachedthePole，butwithlittletocelebrate.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]

____________________________________________________________斯科特上校和他的隊友們登上了南極，但卻沒有什么可慶祝的。

2.Weareverycheerful，butwhateachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]

____________________________________________________________我們看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。1.preparationn.準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備；配制品...bothteamsorganizedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.(教材P28)……兩隊人都建立了食物基地，為他們下一年的旅程做準(zhǔn)備。(1)inpreparationfor為……做準(zhǔn)備makepreparationsfor為……做準(zhǔn)備beinpreparation在準(zhǔn)備中(2)preparev.準(zhǔn)備①Tomisstudyinginpreparationforthenextexamination.＝Tomismakingpreparationsforthenextexamination.湯姆正在學(xué)習(xí)，為下次考試做準(zhǔn)備。②Theyareprepared____________theworst.他們做好了最壞的打算。③Theteacherispreparingthereviewingquiz，whilethestudentsarepreparingforit.老師正在準(zhǔn)備復(fù)習(xí)測試題，同時學(xué)生正在為測試做準(zhǔn)備。for[名師點津](1)preparation用作不可數(shù)名詞時表示“準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備”，常用于inpreparation(forsth)短語中；(2)用作可數(shù)名詞時表示具體的“準(zhǔn)備工作”，常與動詞make連用，組成makepreparationsfor。2.shockvt.震驚；驚駭

n.震驚TheywereshockedwhentheysawtheNorwegianflag.(教材P28)當(dāng)他們看到挪威國旗時，感到非常震驚。(1)toone’sshock令某人震驚的是Itshockssbtodosth做……令某人害怕/震驚(2)shockedadj.震驚的beshockedat對……震驚(3)shockingadj.令人震驚的①____________myshock，suchanattackcouldhappeninthisschool.令我震驚的是，這樣的襲擊事件竟會發(fā)生在這所學(xué)校。②It____________youwhensomethinglikethathappens.發(fā)生那樣的事，使人覺得震驚。③Hearingthe____________news，Iwas____________.(shock)聽了那讓人震驚的新聞我驚呆了。Toshocksshockingshocked3.withinprep.在……里面；在……內(nèi)部Scottandtwoofhisteammemberscarriedonandgotwithinelevenmilesofoneoftheirfoodbases.(教材P28)斯科特上校和兩名同伴繼續(xù)向前，到達(dá)距離食品儲存處不足11英里的地方。withinone’sreach觸手可及withinsight在視線范圍內(nèi)withinone’spower力所能及withinthelimitof在……范圍內(nèi)①Bothhishealthandhisbusinesscollapsedwithinayear.在一年之內(nèi)，他的身體和他的買賣都垮掉了。②Afterfiveyears’hardwork，promotionseemed___________________.經(jīng)過五年的努力工作，他升職在望。③Somanythingsareoutofyourcontrol，butwhatyouweariscompletely________________________.很多事情你都無法控制，但你完全可以決定自己要穿什么衣服。[名師點津]

within和in都可用來表時間，within指期限之內(nèi)，而in既可指期限之內(nèi)又可指期限之外。withinhisreachwithinyourpower4.aimn.目標(biāo)；目的

v.瞄準(zhǔn)，對準(zhǔn)；力求達(dá)到，力爭做到；目的是，旨在Aimsofexploration：(教材P29)探索的目標(biāo)：(1)withtheaimof...有……的目的takeaimat瞄準(zhǔn)withoutaim＝aimlessly漫無目的地(2)aimatdoing...力求達(dá)到……；力爭做到……aimtodo...力爭做到……beaimedat目的是，旨在①ShewenttoLondon____________theaimoffindingajob.她去倫敦是為了找工作。②Theprogramis____________(aim)atteenageaudience.這個節(jié)目針對的是十幾歲的觀眾。③Iaimedtheguncarefully____________thetarget.我小心地用槍瞄準(zhǔn)了目標(biāo)。④Whenhewasachild，heaimed____________(be)adoctor.他小時候立志當(dāng)個醫(yī)生。withaimedattobe5.patiencen.[U]忍耐力，耐心；堅忍，堅持，毅力(教材P29)(1)beoutofpatiencewith對……再也不能忍耐withpatience耐心地losepatiencewith對……失去耐心(2)patientadj.有耐心的bepatientwithsb對某人有耐心①Sheisverypatient____________youngchildren.她對幼兒很有耐心。②Hedoesn’thavethe____________(patient)tositreadingeveryday.他沒有耐心整天坐著看書。withpatience1.onone’sway在途中Onhisway，hereceivedamessagefromtheNorwegianexplorerRonaldAmundsen...(教材P28)在途中，他收到一條來自挪威探險家羅爾德·阿蒙森的信息……alltheway一路上intheway阻礙inaway在某種程度上innoway決不①Wewillpassbymanysmalltowns______________________.前往倫敦的路上我們將會經(jīng)過許多小鎮(zhèn)。②Iputherdownstairssothatsheshouldn’tbein____________way.我讓她住在樓下免得礙事。③Thegoodservicemadeupforthepoorfoodinthehotelin____________way.酒店良好的服務(wù)在某種程度上彌補(bǔ)了其食品的不足。onourwaytoLondonthea④Herushedalltheway____________thestation，onlytomissthetrain.他一路沖往車站，結(jié)果還是錯過了火車。⑤Innowaycanwetolerateyourbehaviorsanymore.我們決不能再容忍你的行為。[名師點津](1)innoway“決不”，表示否定意義，放在句首時，句子要部分倒裝。(2)onone’swayto中的介詞to，后跟副詞時應(yīng)省略。如：onone’swayhome在某人回家的路上。to2.runout(ofsth)完成，用完；(指物)被用完，被耗盡Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.(教材P28)隊員們很快就筋疲力竭了，食品也快吃完了。runinto碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到runover(車輛)碾壓；匆匆看一遍；瀏覽runacross無意間碰到①Theyranoutofmoneyandhadtogiveuptheproject.他們沒有錢了，不得不放棄那項計劃。②Wewenttoofastroundthecornerandran____________alamppost.我們拐彎的時候太快了，撞到了路燈柱上。③Hewasrun____________andkilledbyabus.他被公共汽車軋死了。[名師點津]

“用完”的不同runoutof“用完”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動含義，其主語一般是人，可用于被動語態(tài)；runout“用完”(＝becomeusedup)，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)；useup“用完”，是及物動詞短語，主語一般是人。intoover3.havedifficultyindoingsth做某事有困難ThenexttogowasCaptainOates，whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.(教材P28)接下來離開的是奧茨上尉，他行走非常困難。havesome/much/great/little/nodifficulty(in)doing/withsth＝there’ssome/much/great/little/nodifficulty(in)doing/withsth做某事有一些/許多/很大/一點/沒有困難haveaproblem(in)doingsth做某事有問題haveadifficulttime(in)doingsth做某事有困難havefun(in)doingsth做某事很有趣；從做某事中獲得樂趣①Thereisnodifficultyinexplainingherstatementstohim.向他解釋她的陳述沒什么困難。②Hehadmuchdifficultyin____________(finish)thetask.完成這項任務(wù)他有很大困難。③ThoughI’velearnedEnglishforseveralyears，Ihavesome____________(difficult)incommunicatingwithforeigners.盡管我已學(xué)習(xí)幾年英語了，我與外國人交流還有些困難。finishingdifficulty4.carryon繼續(xù)做某事①CarryonwithyourworkwhileI’mout.我出去一下，你接著干吧。②Ourplanescarried____________abombingraidonenemytargets.我們的飛機(jī)執(zhí)行了一項轟炸敵方目標(biāo)的任務(wù)。③You’llhaveanaccidentifyoucarryon____________(drive)likethat.如果你繼續(xù)像那樣開車你會出事的。④Despitepowerfulopposition，theymanagedtocarrytheirreforms____________.盡管遇到了強(qiáng)大的阻力，他們還是設(shè)法進(jìn)行了改革。outdrivingthrough1.Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.(教材P28)接著，漆黑的極地冬夜開始了。這是一個倒裝句，主語是thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter，謂語動詞為came。倒裝的原因是句子