詞匯課堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky版本：新北師單元：選擇性必修三Unit7

(LESSON1)本單元詞匯梳理1.intelligence&intelligent逆生法構(gòu)詞：intelligence—intelligentintelligent近義詞：clever,brilliant,bright(intelligent側(cè)重“有才智的”)2.employem-(in進(jìn)入、使)+ploy(tofold折疊、卷入)→使卷入、成為其中的一份子→雇用、使用意為“使用”時(shí)是正式用語，日常英語中更常用use詞塊：employsbtodosth,beemployedindoingsth詞族：employ,employee,employer,employment,unemployed,unemployment3.determinede-(off向下、除去)+termine(劃界限)→除去其他、劃定界限→明確；確定詞塊：determinetodosth詞族：determine,determined,determination4.quotientIQ是intelligencequotient的縮寫形式EQ是emotionalquotient的縮寫形式5.predictpre-(before先于、在……之前)+dict(tosay說)→預(yù)先說→預(yù)言近義詞：forecast派生詞：prediction(makeaprediction)6.deservede-(completely徹底地)+serv(toserve服務(wù))+-e(動(dòng)詞后綴)→服務(wù)得很徹底，故應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)賞→值得/應(yīng)得詞塊：deservesth,deservetodosth,deservetobedone/deservedoingsth7.lowerlow(adj低的)+-er反義詞：upper形容詞動(dòng)詞化：降低8.associationas-(to去)+soci(tounitewith聯(lián)合)+-ation(……的事物)→把人聯(lián)合起來的組織→協(xié)會(huì)詞塊：inassociationwith詞族：associate,associated,association9.internal詞塊：internalorgans/injuries,internaldoubts反義詞：external10.adjustad-(to去、往)

+just(right正確的)

→使成為正確的→調(diào)整(基本義)意為“習(xí)慣”時(shí)近義詞是used，日常用語中更常用getusedto詞塊：adjuststh(tosth),adjust(oneself)to(doing)sth派生詞：adjustable,adjustment11.announcean-(to去)+nounce(toreport匯報(bào)、報(bào)告)→去匯報(bào)、報(bào)告→宣布/宣告派生詞：announcer,announcement詞塊：announce=makeanannouncement12.disability&disableddis-(lackof不、無)+ability(n

能力)；熟詞生義：障礙詞塊：amental/physical/

learningdisabilitydisable(v

使喪失能力)+-ed(形容詞后綴)；詞塊：thedisabled詞族：able,ability,disability,disabled,enable,unable13.willingwill(n

意愿)+-ing(形容詞后綴)詞塊：bewillingtodosth派生詞：unwilling14.altogether來自復(fù)合詞alltogether總共→完全(completely)15.reactre-(back回應(yīng))+act(行動(dòng))→作出行動(dòng)回應(yīng)→(作出)反應(yīng)詞塊：reacttosth詞族：act,react,reaction,interact,interaction16.solelysole(adj唯一的)+-ly(副詞后綴)近義詞：only重難點(diǎn)詞精講determine&determinedpredictemployassociation一詞多義一詞多義搭配義disability&disabled詞族adjust一詞多義一詞多義act詞族react詞根詞綴一詞多義搭配義構(gòu)詞：em-(in進(jìn)入、使)+ploy(tofold折疊、卷入)→使卷入、成為其中的一份子→雇用、使用employemployvt

［正式用語］使用；利用：Theyarenotallowedtoemploytoolsthatuseelectricity.2008湖南

雇用；聘請(qǐng)：Whendidthecompanystarttoemploynewpeople?Kellyisemployedasateacher.employsbtodosth:Severalspecialistshavebeenemployedfromoverseastosolvetheproblem.

beemployedindoingsth忙于做某事：Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.

【溫故&

拓展】employeen[C]受雇者；雇員（選必一Unit2）employern[C]雇主；雇用者（選必三Unit7）employmentn

[U]雇用；聘用：Mexicanlawprohibitstheemploymentofchildrenunder14.

[C]&[U]職業(yè)；工作；就業(yè)：outofemploymentcreateemploymentopportunitiesfull-time/part-timeemployment同族詞：employ,employee（選必一U2）,employer（選必三U7）,employment,unemployed,unemploymentdetermine

Yourattitudedetermines

youraltitude.你的態(tài)度決定你的高度。determine和decide在程度上和正式上有區(qū)別

vt

確定；查明(establish)：Investigatorsarestilltryingto

determinewhat

causedthefire.

vt

支配；影響：Itisyourefforts,notyourintelligencethatdetermineyoursuccess.

2008

湖北Demanddeterminessupply.

vt&vi

決定；決心todecidefirmly：Idetermineto

makemoreeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.She

determinedthat

nothingshouldbechangedinherreport.We

determinedon

anearlystart.determinev

[正式用語]構(gòu)詞：de-(off向下、除去)+termine(劃界限)→除去其他、劃定界限→明確；確定分詞形容詞determinedadj

有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的：Myfatherwasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedeniedaneducation.2015福建改(be)determinedtodosth:Amazedathowskilfultheywere,Iwasdeterminedtobejustasgood.2013浙江

堅(jiān)決的；堅(jiān)定的：Shegaveme

adeterminedlook

—thekindthatsaidshewouldn’tchangehermind.【溫故】（選必一Unit2）carryouttheplanwithdeterminationTheimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.determination

n

[U]決定；決心；果斷：（必修三Unit8）predict構(gòu)詞：pre-（before先于、在……之前）+dict（tosay說）→預(yù)先說→預(yù)言同根詞：indicate:in-（towards對(duì)）+dic（tosay說）+-ate（動(dòng)詞后綴）→針對(duì)某事說清楚→指示；指出dictionary:dict（tosay說）+-ion（名詞后綴：表示行為）

+-ary（名詞后綴：……之物）→說話或措辭用書→詞典predictvt&預(yù)言；預(yù)計(jì)(forecast)：predicttomorrow’sweatherpredict+(that)/wh-從句:Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeoplewillliveincitiesinthenearfuture.2008上海春It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.2018北京

itispredicted+that從句:Itwaspredictedthatinflationwouldcontinuetoincrease.predictable

adj

可預(yù)見的；可預(yù)料的predictionn[C]&[U]預(yù)言；預(yù)測：It’sdifficulttomakeaccuratepredictionsabouttheeffectsontheenvironment.人教新選必①–2associationNBA聯(lián)賽是由美國“國家籃球協(xié)會(huì)（theNationalBasketballAssociation）”創(chuàng)辦的比賽，是由北美30支職業(yè)球隊(duì)組成的男子職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)盟，是美國四大職業(yè)體育聯(lián)盟之一。其中誕生了如：邁克爾·喬丹、科比·布萊恩特、姚明等傳奇球星。associatev

vt把……聯(lián)想/聯(lián)系起來toconnectsborsthinyourmindwithsborsthelse：IassociateSwitzerlandwiththeAlps.Wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.2019全國

vi交往；結(jié)交tospendtimewithsb,especiallysbthatotherpeopledisapproveof：Idon’tlikeyouassociatingwithsuchpeople.associate（選必一Unit1）構(gòu)詞:as-(=ad-to去)+soci(tounitewith聯(lián)合)+-ate(動(dòng)詞后綴)【溫故】

n[C]同事(colleague)；（生意）伙伴：businessassociates

adj

副的havingfewerrightsinaparticularprofessionororganization：anassociateeditor/professor

associatedadj

有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的；聯(lián)合的：Somepeoplesaythatclassicalmusicisassociatedonlywitholdpeople.2014安徽

[C]聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想：Thereisaprovenassociationbetweenpassivesmokingandcancer.Disneylandhasallkindsofhappyassociationsforpeople.

[C]&[U]（與人或團(tuán)體的）關(guān)聯(lián)；交往：HisEnglishimprovedrapidlybecauseofhisassociationwithBritishpeople.Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.

[C]協(xié)會(huì)；聯(lián)盟；社團(tuán)：theNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)構(gòu)詞:as-（to去）+soci（tounitewith聯(lián)合）+-ation（……的事物）→把人聯(lián)合起來的組織→協(xié)會(huì)associationn

associate&association語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖在腦海中“聯(lián)合”人或物“聯(lián)合”人際關(guān)系把……聯(lián)想/聯(lián)系起來交往；結(jié)交associate聯(lián)合（基本義）協(xié)會(huì)；聯(lián)盟；社團(tuán)（與人或團(tuán)體的）關(guān)聯(lián)；交往聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想associateassociationadjust調(diào)節(jié)座椅高度調(diào)手表時(shí)間adjust 調(diào)整

vt

調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)：adjusttheindoortemperature2008福建Watchoutforthesharpbendsandadjustyourspeedaccordingly.

vi&vt（使）適應(yīng)；（使）習(xí)慣(adapt)：Overtheyears,wealllearnedtoadjustandtobecomemorecomfortablewitheachother.調(diào)整具體的事物構(gòu)詞：ad-

(to去、往)+just(right正確的)→使成為正確的→調(diào)整調(diào)整抽象的事物（行為、想法等），以適應(yīng)新環(huán)境注：日常用語中，表示調(diào)節(jié)溫度、音量等，一般說

turnup和turndown，而不說adjust。adjust常用搭配

adjustto(doing)sth:Afterawhile,myeyesadjustedtothedarknessinsidethecave.Ittookhimawhiletoadjusttoworkingnightshifts.

adjustoneselftosth:You’llquicklyadjustyourselftostudentlife.注意to是介詞注意：在日常英語中常用getusedto，而不用adjust。well-adjusted

能適應(yīng)環(huán)境的

adjustableadj

可調(diào)整的；可調(diào)節(jié)的：anadjustableseat

adjustmentn[C]&[U]調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)：Itriedtomakethenecessaryadjustmenttothisnewsituation.disability

n[C]&[U]殘疾；障礙：Doyouknowanyonewithamentalorphysicaldisability?Ihadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyage.2016天津disability

構(gòu)詞：dis-(lackof不、無)+ability(能力)→沒有能力→缺陷；障礙disabled

adj

殘疾的；喪失能力的：accessforthedisabledThechildrenherearementallydisabled,butphysicallycapable.disabled構(gòu)詞：disable(v

使喪失能力)+-ed(形容詞后綴)→身體上不能的→殘疾的【高考鏈接】Onemorningin2009,Larrywas41.travelingalong165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.customers.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.43.Ashegotcloser,hefound44.anothervehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed45.flamesshootingoutfromunderthe46.vehicle…46.A.usedB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned【解析】B。disabled既可以表示“（人）殘疾的”，也可以用于修飾物，表示“出現(xiàn)故障的”“拋錨的”，是由人到物的演變。同族詞：able,ability,disability,disabled,enable,unablereact構(gòu)詞：re-

(back回應(yīng))+act

(行動(dòng))→作出行動(dòng)回應(yīng)→(作出)反應(yīng)react

意為“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”、“產(chǎn)生不良反應(yīng)”時(shí)，同介詞

to

搭配；意為“起（化學(xué)反應(yīng)）”時(shí)，同介詞

with

搭配。react

vi

（對(duì)……）作出反應(yīng)

(respond)：Howdidthestudentsreacttothemonitor’ssuggestion?

產(chǎn)生不良反應(yīng)tobecomeillaftereating,breathing,etc.aparticularsubstance：Somepeoplereactbadlytocertainfood.

起（化學(xué)）反應(yīng)：Itshowsushowironreactswith

airandwithwater.react語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖（對(duì)……）作出反應(yīng)react（基本義）對(duì)食物等有不良“反應(yīng)”物質(zhì)等發(fā)生化學(xué)“反應(yīng)”起（化學(xué)）反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生不良反應(yīng)reactionn[U]&[C]反應(yīng)；作用：

【溫故】（必修三Unit7）sb’sfirst/immediatereactionthepublic

reactiontothenewsthereactionofmetalswithoxygenact同族詞activeactionactivelyinteractreactreaction

activistactivityactress

actor

act

男演員女演員積極的；活躍的積極地相互交流；相互影響行動(dòng)；行為（對(duì)……）作出反應(yīng)反應(yīng)；作用積極分子活動(dòng)interaction交流；互動(dòng)；相互作用本單元的詞根詞綴說出下列單詞的詞根詞綴的漢語釋義。1.TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.（2019浙江）react：re-（back__________）+act（行動(dòng)）→作出行動(dòng)回應(yīng)→__________2.Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecanpredictwhentheunexpectedwillhappen.（2014浙江）predict：pre-（before先于、在……前）+dict（tosay說）→預(yù)先__________→__________回應(yīng)作出反應(yīng)說預(yù)測3.Thisassociationhasfoughtpovertyandsickness,promotededucationandencouragedsmallbusinesses.（2014安徽改）association：as-（to去）+soci（tounitewith聯(lián)合）+-ation（……的事物）→把人聯(lián)合起來的組織→__________4.Hefixedthetap,adjustedthedishwasherdoor,andreplacedashowerhead.（2014重慶改）adjust：ad-（to去、往）+just（right正確的）→使成為__________的→__________協(xié)會(huì)正確調(diào)整/調(diào)節(jié)本單元金句匯總1.Yourattitudedetermines

youraltitude.2.Itisyourefforts,notyourintelligencethatdetermineyoursuccess.

2008

湖北3.Idetermineto

makemoreeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.4.Amazedathowskilfultheywere,Iwasdeterminedtobejustasgood.2013浙江

5.Idon’tlikeyouassociatingwithsuchpeople.6.Thereisaprovenassociationbetweenpassivesmokingandcancer.7.You’llquicklyadjustyourselftostudentlife.隨堂檢測一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Differentartistsemploydifferentpaintingtechniques. __________2.WeemployherasanEnglishteacher. __________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.WeemployEnglish__________acommonlanguage. 2.Thebossemployedtenworkers__________(sell)computers.3.Themanwasemployed__________wateringthegarden.

4.Most__________(employ)docareaboutthepersonalappearancesoftheir__________(employ),becausethosepeoplerepresentthecompaniestotheircustomers.（2012陜西）5.Graduatesarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttofind__________(employ).使用雇用employastosellinemployersemployeesemployment一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Oursocialpositionsdeterminethewaywearedressed.__________

2.Itisdifficulttodeterminetheexactcauseoftheillness.__________3.Thedateofthecourtcasehasnotyetbeendetermined.__________

4.HowhardtheswimmersworknowwilldeterminehowtheyperformintheOlympics. __________

決定決定確定確定determine二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.She’ssuretogetthejobshewants—she’savery___________(determine)person.2.Janewasdeterminednot___________(go)againstherfather’swishesandaccepthisadvice.3.Heisanexcellentlawyerwithagoodbrainanda___________(determine)toachieve.（2009

陜西）4.Blackholescannotbeseendirectly,so___________(determine)thenumberofthemisverydifficult.determinedtogodeterminationdetermining三、根據(jù)所給提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。Itisnotwhatyouaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofitthat_______________________（決定你是誰）.（2012湖北）2.Realizingthathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboy_________________________________（決心停止玩游戲）.3.Ifwe___________________________________（有勇氣和決心）,wewillfinallygetthesunshinewewant.（2010北京書面表達(dá)）determineswhoyouareisdeterminedtostopplayinggameshavethecourageanddetermination一、根據(jù)所給漢語及提示，完成下列句子。1.________________（據(jù)預(yù)測）financialconditionsinthecountrywillreturntonormal.2.It’sdifficultto_______________________（準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測）abouttheeffectsontheenvironment.(prediction)二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。專家預(yù)測，在不久的將來人類的工作將被人工智能取代。(predictthat…)________________________________________________predict&predictionIt’spredictedthatmakeaccuratepredictionsExpertspredictthatthehumanworkwillbereplacedbyartificialintelligence/AIinthenearfuture.association一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.ThesupportofourmembersisofgreatimportancetotheAssociation. ______________2.Shebecamefamousthroughherassociationwiththegroupofpoets. ______________3.Theseasidehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme. ______________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.Theyhavemaintainedacloseassociation__________acollege. 2.Researchershavefoundanassociation__________negativeemotionsandheartdisease. 協(xié)會(huì)

交往

聯(lián)想

withbetween寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Theautomatic（自動(dòng)的）temperature-controllingsystemmentionedabovecanadjustthewatertemperature.（2016湖南）________2.Studentsdonotadjusttheirsleeppatterns（模式）well.（2014四

川） ________3.Myfatherisadjustingthefocus

ofthecamera.________4.Thelifestyleissoverydifferent—ittakesawhiletoadjust. ________調(diào)節(jié)水溫調(diào)整調(diào)節(jié)焦距適應(yīng)adjustdisability&disabled一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Itisoftenverydifficultforthedisabledtofindjobs.___________2.Publicplacesarebecomingmoreaccessibletopeoplewithphysic