Unit4AglimpseofthefutureDevelopingideasBYMICHELLEReading01LeadinLookatthepicturesandguesswhattheyare.Theaboveareamongthemostclassicworksofsciencefictionintheworld,sohaveyoureadthem?IsaacAsimov(1920-1992)

阿西莫夫IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanwriter,andprofessorofbiochemistryatBostonUniversity,bestknownforhisworksofsciencefictionandpopularscience.Asimovwasconsideredtobeoneofthe“BigThree”science-fictionwritersduringhislifetime.

“Afewyearsago,theideaofacomputeryoucouldputinyourpocketwasjustsciencefiction.”Pre-readingBackgroundinformation

AsimovisperhapsbestknownforhisFoundationseries,thefirstthreebooksofwhichwontheHugoAwardfor“BestAll-TimeSeries”in1966.HisothermajorworksaretheGalacticempireseriesandtheRobotseries,inwhichheputforwardtheThreeLawsofRobotics---anideawhichcontinuestoexercisesomeinfluencetoday.Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.HowdoesAsimovsetouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobots?HaveyoureadanyofAsimov’snovels?Ifso，shareonestoryyou’vereadwiththeclass.Ifnot，wouldyouliketoreadthem?Whyorwhynot? HowdoesAsimovsetouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobots?HeputsforwardtheThreeLawsofRobotics,whichensurethatrobotsshouldalwaysobeyandprotecthumans.HaveyoureadanyofAsimov’snovels?Ifso，shareonestoryyou’vereadwiththeclass.Ifnot，wouldyouliketoreadthem?Whyorwhynot?CompletethetabletocomparelifeonEarthwithlifeontheMoon.LifeonEarthWearordinaryclothesandchangeaccordingtotheseasons.Breathetheairfreely.Havetomakeanefforttojumphigh.Keeppets,suchasdogs,cats,etc.LifeontheMoon

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________Wearspacesuitswheneveroutside.Breathefromanairsupply.Jumphigheasily.Keeprobotsaspets.NowreadthepassageandfindoutwhatlifeontheMoonislikeinthenovel. ABoy’sBestFriendBackgroundinformationaboutthepassageTheeventsinthepassagetakeplaceontheMoon,whereJimmyandhisparentslive.Theboyhasabestfriend

Robutt,whoisaroboticdog.Robuttwasprogrammedtoloveandkeepthechildsafesothattheboycouldwanderamongthemooncratersunhazardously.

LearningtolearnWhatisforeshadowing?Foreshadowingiswhentheauthorgivesaclueastowhatistocomelaterinthestory.Thisoftenappearsatthebeginningofastory,orachapter,andhelpsthereaderdevelopexpectationsaboutthecomingeventsinastory.While-readingWhatlifeontheMoonislikeinthenovel?WecanseefromthepassagethatwhenpeoplelivingontheMoonwanttogooutside,theynormallyhavetowearspacesuits.WecanalsoseefromthepassagethatpeoplecanonlycommunicatebysomespecialdevicesontheMoonbecausethereisnoairbutvacuum.Completethesummaryofthestory.Title

____________________________________ Author

__________________________________Setting

·Time：_________________________________·Place：_________________________________Characters·Jimmy，aMoon-bornboy·_______________________________________·_______________________________________·_______________________________________ABoy’sBestFriendIsaacAsimovInthefutureOntheMoonMrAnderson，Jimmy’sfatherMrsAnderson，Jimmy’smotherRobutt，amechanicaldog，Jimmy’spetPlot

Jimmy’sparentsgetadogfromEarth.TheywanttogiveittoJimmyasapet.But...________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________DifferentattitudestowardsRobutt·Parents：___________________________________________________·Jimmy：___________________________________________________JimmyalreadyhasarobotpetnamedRobutt.HisparentsthinkitwouldbegoodforJimmytohavearealdog，andthathewouldlikeit.TheywanttosendRobutttoanotherfamily.Tohisparents’surprise，Jimmyrefusestoaccepttherealdog，becausehelovesRobuttandhebelievesRobuttloveshimtoo.ForJimmy，Robuttisnotjustamechanicaldog，butarealfriend.TheythinkRobuttisamechanicalimitationofarealdog.HelovesRobuttandtreatshimlikearealdog. Nowtalkaboutyourattitudestowardsthestory.WhatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenRobuttandarealdog?Similarities:Bothareabletorespondtoordersgivenbyhumanbeings.Bothcanoutracehumanbeings.Bothcanguideandprotecthumanbeings.Differences:Theyhavedifferentappearances.Arealdogisalivingcreature,whileRobuttisamachine.Arealdogloveshumanbeingsasaresultofitsnature,whileRobuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitloveshumanbeings.IsthereanyforeshadowingofJimmy’sfinaldecision?Findcluesinthereadingpassage.Yes，thereis.Atthebeginningofthestory，weknowJimmyhasneverseenarealdog.ItalsoseemsthathespendsalotoftimewithRobutt.JimmyplayswithRobuttenthusiastically,shouting“Comeon,Robutt.”Inthemiddleofthepassage，wearetoldthat“Jimmycouldn’tgowrongwhileRobuttwasaround”，indicatingthatRobuttprotectsJimmywell. Whatothersci-finovelsaboutrobotscanyouthinkof?Shareonewiththeclass.Onepossibleanswer:ThereisonebooknamedI,Robot,whichisalsowrittenbyIsaacAsimov.Inmyopinion,thisbookcanberegardedasoneofthebestsci-finovelsaboutrobots.Anyoneinterestedinsci-finovelsshouldn’tmissit.Thetworeadingpassagesinthisunitshowusdifferentaspectsoftechnologyinthefuture.Whichofthesedoyoumostexpecttoencounterinyourlifetime?IexpecttoencounteronerobotdogsuchasRobutt.Ithinksuchkindofdogisofmuchbenefitandhelptomankind.Forexamplethe“roboticguidedog”willhelpsupportvisuallyimpairedpeoplewhoareunabletohavearealanimal. Post-readingGiveatalkonwhetheritispossibletohavearealfriendshipwitharobot.Answerthequestions

tohelptoformyourpointofview.WhydoJimmyandhisparentshavedifferentfeelingstowardsRobutt?

BecauseJimmywasbornontheMoon，hehasneverseenarealdog.HehasbeengettingalongwellwithRobutt，andthushasdevelopedanaffectionforhim.Hecannotfigureoutwhyarealdogisbetterthanamechanicaldog，despitehisfather’sexplanation.WhileJimmy’sparentshaveseenrealdogsbeforetheyleftEarth.Theyknowwhatrealdogslooklike.TheythinkRobuttisjustamachine.Post-readingGiveatalkonwhetheritispossibletohavearealfriendshipwitharobot.Answerthequestions

tohelptoformyourpointofview.

IfyouwereJimmy,whichonewouldyouchoose,Robuttorarealdog?IfIwereJimmy，Iwouldchoosetoownarealdog，becauseIneedrealcomfortandgenuineloveandloyaltyfrommypet.Organisethemainpointsyouwouldliketocoverandcompletethetable.PointofviewArgumentsSupportingdetailsConclusionItispossible.Weentertheeraofsocialrobotics.LikethecloserelationshipbetweenJimmyandRobutt.Wewillallbehavingrelationshipswithrobots.Giveyourtalktotheclass.He’sattherocketstation，goingthroughthetests.它在火箭站，正在接受測試。gothrough（1）經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受Hewasgoingthroughaverydifficulttime.（2）仔細檢查，審查Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmyemail.（3）詳細研究，仔細琢磨Theyspentseveraldaysgoingthroughallrelatedpracticalmethods.（4）用完，耗盡Shehasgonethroughallhersavingsinordertobuildthememorial.（5）（法律、合同等正式）通過Thebilldidn’tgothrough.

He’sattherocketstation，goingthroughthetests.它在火箭站，正在接受測試。gothrough【歸納拓展】goafter追趕；追求 goahead先走；開始做；請吧，說吧goagainst違背，違反 goback回去；追溯到goby（時間）過去；遵循 godown下降，下跌goover仔細檢查 goout出去；（火、燈）熄滅goinfor愛好；參加（考試或競賽）goup上升；被建造寫出下列句中g(shù)othrough的含義（1）Thelawdidn’tgothroughatthemeeting.____________（2）Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardshipdidherealisethewarmthofhome._____________（3）Hewentthroughmycompositionandcorrectedeverymistake.________單句語法填空（4）—Theprofessorhasdonesomeresearchonwildplantsfor20years.—Oh!Hemusthavegone_____________alotofdifficulties!（5）Anyonewhogoes_____________naturewillbepunished.（6）Moststudentsinourclassgoin_____________outdooractivities.（7）Itwasatraditionthatgoes_____________atleast100years.（8）—MayIopenthewindowtoletinsomefreshair?—Go_____________.（9）Thingswillgetbetterastimegoes_____________.通過經(jīng)歷仔細檢查through

againstforbackaheadbyJimmyheldouthisarmsandRobuttwasintheminonebound.吉米伸出雙臂，羅布跳了上去。holdout伸出，遞出；維持，堅持Iheldoutmyhandtosteadyher.我伸出手去扶住她。HeheldoutthekeysandItookthem.他伸出手把鑰匙遞過來，我接了。Wecanstayhereforaslongasoursuppliesholdout.我們可以在這里一直待到我們的儲備品用完?！練w納拓展】holdback阻止；抑制；隱瞞 holdon別掛斷電話；等會兒；堅持住holdonto緊緊抓住 holdup支撐，舉起；延遲，阻礙單句語法填空（1）“I’mNancyDrew，”shesaid，_____________（hold）outherhand.（2）Thewaterwasnotsuitabletodrink，sotheyheld_____________untilwegettoashop.（3）Iwasheld_____________onthewayandsoIwaslate.（4）Tellmeallaboutit—don’tholdanything_____________!holdingoutupbackJimmysaid，“WhatwillthedifferencebebetweenRobuttandthedog?”

吉米問：“那羅布和狗有什么不一樣呢?”differencebetween...and...……和……之間的不同【歸納拓展】tellthedifferencebetweenAandB區(qū)分A和B makeadifference有作用，有影響makenodifference沒有作用，沒有影響

bedifferentfrom與……不同bedifferentin在……方面不同

differfrom...in...在……方面與……不同Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife.Peopledifferfromoneanotherintheirabilitytohandlestress.單句語法填空（1）Therearenosignificant_____________（different）betweentheeducationsystemsofthetwocountries.（2）Canyoutellthesubtledifference_____________thewords“require”and“request”?（3）Thetwinsaredifferent_____________eachother_____________theirbehaviour.（4）Hisideasdiffer_____________thoseofhisfather’s.（5）Itseemsthatlivinggreenissurprisinglyeasyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakes____________bigdifference.differencesbetweenfrominfromaJimmyheldRobutttightly.吉米緊緊地抱著羅布。tightlyadv.緊緊地Hefrownedandclosedhiseyestightly.他皺著眉頭，緊緊地閉上雙眼。Heheldontightlytoherarm.他緊緊地抓住她的胳膊?！締卧~積累】tightadj.緊的，牢的；緊身的；嚴密的；（時間、金錢）緊的atightbudget預(yù)算緊張ThedrawerissotightthatIcan’topenit.抽屜太緊，我打不開。單句語法填空（1）Seeinghereyeswere_____________（tight）closed，thegirlburstoutcrying.完成句子（2）Myschedule___________________（很緊）rightnow，butI’lltrytohelpyou.（3）Asyouknow，Irunthemagazineon________________（預(yù)算緊張）.tightlyisverytight

atightbudgetHewasfrowning，too，andthedesperatelookonhisfacemeantthathewouldn’tchangehismind.他也皺著眉頭，臉上的堅定表明他不會改變心意。desperateadj.（1）拼命的，絕望的Timewasrunningoutandweweregettingdesperate.（2）非常需要……的，極其需要……的bedesperatefor...非常需要……bedesperatetodosth.非常想做某事indesperateneedof...非常需要……Ourchairmanisdesperatefortheenormousinvestment.Hewasdesperatetotellsomeonehisgoodnews.Thechildrenareindesperateneedofloveandattention.單句語法填空（1）Themillionaireisgreedy，stilldesperate_____________anotherfortune.（2）Heisdesperate_____________（achieve）hisaimofquittingsmokingbecauseitcausesgreatdamagetohisheartandlungs.（3）ThelasttimeImethim，hesaidhewasindesperateneed________help.完成句子（4）Thecompany____________________________________（非常需要）employees.（5）He________________（非常想）getajobwhenhegraduatedfromuniversity.fortoachieveofisdesperatefor/isindesperateneedof

wasdesperatetoHewasfrowning，too，andthedesperatelookonhisfacemeantthathewouldn’tchangehismind.他也皺著眉頭，臉上的堅定表明他不會改變心意。changeone’smind改變主意HeissostubbornthatI’mafraidIcan’tpersuadehimtochangehismind.Heisfrequentlychanginghismind.【歸納拓展】keep/bear...inmind=keep/bearinmindthat...把……記在心上，記住……makeupone’smind下定決心；作出決定

have...inmind心中有合適的人選（或想做的事）comeintoone’smind掠過/進入某人的腦海

bring...tomind（使）想起……Suddenlyaterriblethoughtcameintomymind.Thepicturebroughtmyclosefriendstomind.完成句子（1）WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidn’tlikehim，butIhave_________________（改變看法）.（2）It’sagoodidea.I’ll_______________________（把它記在心里）.（3）__________________________（記住……）note-takingisaselectiveprocesswheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes.（4）Hehas_________________（下定決心）toovercomehisshortcomings.（5）Doyou__________________________（心中有人選）forthejob?changedmymindkeep/bearitinmindKeep/BearinmindthatmadeuphismindhaveanyoneinmindWriting02Continuingasci-fistoryReadthestoryandanswerthequestions.Whathappenedtotheprisonandwhatwasthecause?WhatkindofjobdoyouthinkCarolynhas?Arethereanysentencesthatmightforeshadowwhatwillhappennext?Underlinethem.Therewasaprisonbreakout，causedbyfaultyrobotics.Shemightbeaprisongovernor.Andinamaximum-securityprisonlikeyours，onesmallerrorcouldcausealotofproblems.ItwasnotuntilanhourlaterthathenoticedthatCarolynhadleftheremergencycalldeviceonthebreakfasttable.Whatdoesasci-fistoryusuallyinclude?sci-fistoryCharactersSettingPlotEndingtimeplaceweatherbackground...humansrobotsUFOsaliens...beginningdevelopmentclimaxconflict...commonendingmiserableendingwin-winendingmysteriousending...Thinkaboutwhatwillhappennext，basedontheexamplesofforeshadowingyouhaveunderlined.Completethenotestoplantherestofthestory.Setting·Time：_________________________________________________·Place：_________________________________________________Characters______________________________________________Plot____________________________________________________Ending_________________________________________________Nowcontinuethestory.

Carolynhadalongcommutetotheprison,evenbyaircar.Whenshearrived,everythingseemednormal,exceptforarobotlyingatthefrontgate,motionless.It’sanoldmodel,shethought.Theybrokedownnowandagain.Shepassedthroughthegate,notingthateverythingelsewasapparentlyinorder.Butjustassheclosedherofficedoorbehindher,aloudalarmsounded.Carolyn’sbloodfroze.Shehadonlyeverheardthatsoundduringdrills.Itcan’tbe!Shethought.Ageneralsystemsfailure!Shelookedoutofthereinforcedglassofherofficewindowintotheprisonbelow.Sureenough,therobotswereoutofcontrol.Mosthadstoppedmovingatall.Somespunaimlesslyaroundandaround.Butotherswererandomlyoperatingthings,includingthecellgates,andshecouldseeprisonersrushingouttofreedom.“Grabtherobots’weaponsandrun!”shoutedtheprisoners.Carolynopenedherbagandreachedforheremergencycalldevice.Herheartsankassherealisedshehadleftitathome.Ineedtocallinthepolice,shethought.Buthow?Withoutthedevice,shecouldn’tcommunicate.Nothingintheprisonwouldworkproperlynow.Therewasavoicebehindher.“Lookingforoneofthese?”Carolyngasped.“Julius!”Therewashersecond-in-command,holdinganemergencycallerinhishand.“Whatareyoudoinginmyoffice?”“Itshouldbemyoffice!”snarledJulius.“I’veworkedhereforfortyyears...andtheCityCommissionersgaveyouthejobasprisongovernor!Butnowyou’llpay.You’llallpay!Icanmakeeveryrobotineveryprisoninthecitygocrazy.Theprisonerswillescape,andthecitywillburn!”Thenthedoorburstopen,andtheroomwassuddenlyfloodedwithriotpolice.Andtherewas...Todd!“Itooktheaircaroverheretobringyouthis,”hesaidquietly,winkingashepushedtheemergencycalldevicesecretlyintoherhands.“Icouldseetherewastroubl