2019年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題及答案（第3套）寫作Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudentUniontoassistelderlypeopleinthenearbynursinghome.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.參考范文AvolunteeractivityaimingatassistingelderlypeopleinthenearbynursinghomewassuccessfullyorganizedbytheStudentUnionlastweekend.Atotalof50studentsparticipatedinthismeaningfulevent.Uponarrival,thestudentsweredividedintoseveralgroups.Somechattedwiththeelderly,listeningtotheirlifestoriesandsharingtheirowncampusexperiences.Othershelpedwithsimplehousework,likecleaningtheroomsandwashingtheclothes.Therewerealsostudentsperformingshows,includingsingingsongsandplayingmusicalinstruments,whichbroughtalotoflaughterandjoytotheelderly.Theactivityendedintheafternoon.Alltheparticipantsfeltthatitwasarewardingexperience.Throughthisactivity,wenotonlybroughtwarmthandcaretotheelderlybutalsolearnedtheimportanceofrespectingandtakingcareofthem.聽力短篇新聞NewsReport1A9-year-oldcentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.ACaliforniatelevisionstationKTVUreportsthatJonathanSavagerecentlycompletedthegruelingtwo-wayswim.Jonathonsaidhehadbeentrainingfortheswimformonths.“I’vebeenswimmingsinceIwasfiveyearsoldandit’soneofmyfavoritethingstodo,”hesaid.“Ifeltalittlescaredatfirst,butIwasprettyconfidentonceIgotoutthereinthewater.”IttookJonathan20minutestoswimtheone-mileacrosstoAlcatraz,aformerprisonlocatedinthemiddleoftheSanFranciscoBay.ThenhehadtoswimbacktoSanFrancisco.Thestrongcurrentsmadeitdifficulttoswimback,andJonathansaidittookhimtwiceaslong.Hisfather,ScottSavage,saidJonathanhaddonethiseventinordertoraiseawarenessandfundsforPacificAquarium,whichhelpsprotectmarineanimals.1.WhatdidJonathanSavagerecentlydo?A)Hesetarecordbyswimmingtoandfromanisland.B)Hecelebratedhisninthbirthdayonasmallisland.C)Hevisitedaprisonlocatedonafar-awayisland.D)HeswamaroundanislandnearSanFrancisco.答案：A分析：新聞開頭提到男孩勇敢地從舊金山游到惡魔島并返回，完成了艱難的雙向游泳，這相當(dāng)于創(chuàng)造了游泳到和游回一個(gè)島嶼的記錄，A選項(xiàng)正確。2.WhydidJonathanundertaketheswim?A)Tocelebratehisbirthday.B)Towinafreetrip.C)Toraisemoneyforacharity.D)Tocatchupwithhisfather.答案：C分析：新聞最后提到他進(jìn)行這次游泳是為了提高人們對(duì)太平洋水族館的認(rèn)識(shí)并為其籌集資金，該水族館幫助保護(hù)海洋動(dòng)物，也就是為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌款，C選項(xiàng)正確。NewsReport2ChinawillworkwithothercountriesinAsiatoimprovecross-bordertransportationandsupportnewenergyvehicleindustryintheregion,accordingtoanofficialstatementreleasedonSunday.TheAsianInfrastructureInvestmentBank(AIIB)andtheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)areamongtheorganizationsexpectedtocontributetotheseefforts.TheChinesegovernmentalsoplanstopromotecooperationinscienceandtechnologyandenvironmentalprotectioninAsia.ThegoalistobuildacleanandbeautifulAsia.TheannouncementcomesastheAsiancontinentfacesaseriousairpollutioncrisis.ManymajorcitiesinAsia,includingBeijing,NewDelhi,andJakarta,havebeensufferingfromsmogandhazeinrecentyears.Airpollutionhasbecomeamajorhealththreatintheregion.Inadditiontotransportationandnewenergy,ChinawillalsohelpAsiancountriestodeveloptheirdigitaleconomy.Thisincludesprovidingsupportforthedevelopmentofe-commerce,smartcities,andartificialintelligence.Themoveisexpectedtoboosteconomicgrowthandcreatejobsintheregion.3.WhatisChinaplanningtodowithotherAsiancountries?A)Improvecross-bordertransportation.B)BuildacleanandbeautifulAsia.C)Promoteenvironmentalprotection.D)Alloftheabove.答案：D分析：新聞中提到中國(guó)將與亞洲其他國(guó)家合作改善跨境交通，支持新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)，促進(jìn)科技和環(huán)保合作以建設(shè)清潔美麗的亞洲，還幫助發(fā)展數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)等，A、B、C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都有涉及，所以選D。4.Whyisthiscooperationsignificant?A)Toaddresstheairpollutioncrisis.B)ToexpandtheAIIBandADB.C)Todevelopthedigitaleconomy.D)Toimproveinternationalrelations.答案：A分析：新聞提到這一合作宣布之際亞洲正面臨嚴(yán)重的空氣污染危機(jī)，空氣污染已成為該地區(qū)主要的健康威脅，所以合作的一個(gè)重要意義是應(yīng)對(duì)空氣污染危機(jī)，A選項(xiàng)正確。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話Conversation1M:Hello,Mary.Fancymeetingyouhere!W:Hello,John.Haven’tseenyouforages!Howhaveyoubeen?M:Notbad.Ijustgotapromotionlastmonth.W:Oh,congratulations!That’sgreatnews.So,what’syournewposition?M:I’mthenewmarketingmanager.It’sachallengingjob,butI’mreallyexcitedaboutit.W:Soundsexciting.Whatareyourmainresponsibilities?M:Well,I’minchargeofdevelopingmarketingstrategies,coordinatingmarketingcampaigns,andanalyzingmarkettrends.W:Thatseemslikealotofwork.Doyouhaveabigteam?M:Yes,Ihaveateamoftenpeople.Weworkcloselytogethertoachieveourgoals.W:That’sgood.Teamworkisveryimportantinthiskindofjob.So,howdoyouplantoimprovethecompany’smarketshare?M:Iplantofocusononlinemarketing.We’llincreaseoursocialmediapresence,runmoretargetedads,andoptimizeourwebsiteforsearchengines.W:That’sasmartstrategy.Theonlinemarketishugethesedays.M:Exactly.Andwealsoneedtopayattentiontocustomerfeedback.We’llconductmoresurveystounderstandwhatourcustomerswant.5.Whathappenedtothemanlastmonth?A)Hechangedhisjob.B)Hegotapromotion.C)Hestartedanewbusiness.D)Hejoinedanewteam.答案：B分析：男士明確說上個(gè)月剛得到晉升，B選項(xiàng)正確。6.Whatistheman’snewposition?A)Salesrepresentative.B)Marketingmanager.C)Projectcoordinator.D)Customerservicemanager.答案：B分析：男士表明新職位是營(yíng)銷經(jīng)理，B選項(xiàng)正確。7.Howdoesthemanplantoimprovethecompany’smarketshare?A)Byexpandingtheofflinemarket.B)Byreducingproductioncosts.C)Byfocusingononlinemarketing.D)Byimprovingproductquality.答案：C分析：男士說計(jì)劃專注于網(wǎng)絡(luò)營(yíng)銷，包括增加社交媒體曝光度等，C選項(xiàng)正確。Conversation2W:Hi,Tom.Iheardyoujustcamebackfromavacation.M:Yes,IwenttoHawaiiwithmyfamily.Itwasanamazingtrip.W:Thatsoundswonderful.Howwastheweatherthere?M:Theweatherwasperfect.Itwassunnyandwarmeveryday.Wespentalotoftimeonthebeach.W:That’sgreat.Didyoudoanywatersports?M:Yes,wewentsurfingandsnorkeling.Itwassomuchfun.Mykidsreallyenjoyedit.W:Ibettheydid.So,wheredidyoustay?M:Westayedatabeachfrontresort.Theroomswereverycomfortableandtheviewwasbeautiful.W:Soundslikeadreamvacation.Didyoutryanylocalfood?M:Ofcourse.Wetriedalotoflocalspecialties,likepokebowlsandshaveice.Theyweredelicious.8.Wheredidthemangoonvacation?A)California.B)Hawaii.C)Florida.D)NewYork.答案：B分析：男士說和家人去了夏威夷度假，B選項(xiàng)正確。9.Whatwatersportsdidthemando?A)Swimminganddiving.B)Surfingandsnorkeling.C)Sailingandwaterskiing.D)Kayakingandwindsurfing.答案：B分析：男士提到去沖浪和浮潛了，B選項(xiàng)正確。10.Wheredidthemanstayduringthevacation?A)Inahotelinthecitycenter.B)Atabeachfrontresort.C)Inamountaincabin.D)Withalocalfamily.答案：B分析：男士說住在海濱度假村，B選項(xiàng)正確。聽力篇章Passage1Mostpeopleknowthatlazysummerafternoonsspentrelaxingonabeachareverypleasant.Butmostpeopledonotknowthatbeachvacationscanalsobeveryeducational.Take,forexample,thebeachatlowtide.Asthewaterrecedes,itrevealsavarietyofseacreaturesthatarenormallyhiddenfromview.Youcanseestarfish,seaurchins,andsmallcrabsintheshallowpoolsofwaterthatremainonthebeach.Thesecreaturesarefascinatingtowatch,andyoucanlearnalotaboutmarinelifebyobservingthem.Inadditiontotheseacreatures,youcanalsolearnaboutthegeologyofthebeach.Thesandonthebeachismadeupoftinyparticlesofrockandshell.Byexaminingthesand,youcanlearnaboutthedifferenttypesofrocksandshellsthatarefoundinthearea.Youcanalsolearnabouttheprocessesthathaveshapedthebeachovertime,suchaserosionandsedimentation.Anothereducationalaspectofabeachvacationistheopportunitytolearnaboutthehistoryandcultureofthearea.Manybeacheshavearichhistoryandareassociatedwithimportanteventsorpeople.Forexample,somebeacheswerethesitesofbattlesduringwars.Byvisitingthesebeaches,youcanlearnaboutthehistoryoftheareaandgainabetterunderstandingofthepeoplewholivedthere.11.Whatcanpeopleseeatthebeachatlowtide?A)Variousseacreatures.B)Colorfulseashells.C)Differenttypesofrocks.D)Oldshipwrecks.答案：A分析：文中提到退潮時(shí)海水退去會(huì)露出各種平時(shí)看不到的海洋生物，如海星、海膽和小螃蟹等，A選項(xiàng)正確。12.Whatcanpeoplelearnbyexaminingthesandonthebeach?A)Theoriginofthebeach.B)Thehistoryofthearea.C)Thetypesofrocksandshellsinthearea.D)Theprocessofbeachformation.答案：C分析：文中明確說通過檢查沙灘上的沙子可以了解該地區(qū)不同類型的巖石和貝殼，C選項(xiàng)正確。13.Whatelsecanpeoplelearnfromabeachvacation?A)Theskillsoffishing.B)Thelocalcustomsandtraditions.C)Thehistoryandcultureofthearea.D)Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.答案：C分析：文中提到海灘度假的另一個(gè)教育意義是有機(jī)會(huì)了解該地區(qū)的歷史和文化，C選項(xiàng)正確。Passage2Goodtimemanagementisanessentialskillforeveryone,especiallyforstudents.Poortimemanagementcanleadtostress,misseddeadlines,andlowergrades.Herearesometipstohelpyoumanageyourtimeeffectively.First,makeaschedule.Writedownallyourtasks,includingclasses,studytime,extracurricularactivities,andpersonalerrands.Then,allocatespecifictimeslotsforeachtask.Thiswillhelpyoustayorganizedandensurethatyoudon’tforgetanything.Second,setpriorities.Notalltasksareequallyimportant.Identifythemostimportanttasksandfocusonthemfirst.YoucanusetheEisenhowerMatrix,whichdividestasksintofourcategories:urgentandimportant,importantbutnoturgent,urgentbutnotimportant,andnoturgentandnotimportant.Byfocusingontheurgentandimportanttasks,youcanmakethemostofyourtime.Third,avoidprocrastination.Procrastinationistheenemyoftimemanagement.Whenyouputofftasks,youenduphavingtorushatthelastminute,whichcanleadtomistakesandlower-qualitywork.Toavoidprocrastination,breaklargetasksintosmaller,moremanageablesteps.Setdeadlinesforeachstepandsticktothem.Finally,takebreaks.It’simportanttogiveyourbrainarest.Takeshortbreaksbetweentaskstorechargeyourenergy.Youcantakeawalk,listentomusic,ordosomethingelsethatyouenjoy.14.Whyisgoodtimemanagementimportantforstudents?A)Itcanimprovetheirgrades.B)Itcanreducetheirstress.C)BothAandB.D)Itcanhelpthemmakemorefriends.答案：C分析：文中提到糟糕的時(shí)間管理會(huì)導(dǎo)致壓力、錯(cuò)過截止日期和成績(jī)下降，所以良好的時(shí)間管理能提高成績(jī)和減少壓力，C選項(xiàng)正確。15.Whatisthefirsttipforeffectivetimemanagement?A)Setpriorities.B)Makeaschedule.C)Avoidprocrastination.D)Takebreaks.答案：B分析：文中明確說第一個(gè)建議是制定時(shí)間表，B選項(xiàng)正確。閱讀理解詞匯理解Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausethey16.______totreatsomeoftheirfellowcitizensasslaves.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanylessblood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesome17.______?Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyasever.Itisimpossibletoreadthe18.______ofatrocitiescommittedbymanagainstmanwithoutshuddering.The19.______oftheseatrocitiesmakesonedoubtwhetheranycivilizedsocietycanreallyexist.Thesightofavehicleflyingoverheadmakesus20.______ofthepowersciencehasgivenus.Butwhatdoweusethispowerfor?Toproduceweaponsofmassdestruction!Orto21.______theworldwithuselessandunwantedproducts!Orevenworse,tosellthemtocountriesthatareatwarwitheachother!Scienceandtechnologywouldhavebeen22.______forcesofprogressifhumanbeingshadusedthemsensibly.Theycouldhave23.______usfromallsortsofmiseriesanddiseases.Instead,theyhavebeenusedinwaysthatare24.______tomankind.Ifwecontinuelikethis,wemaysoonbecountedamongtheextinctspecies.Wewillhaveachievednothingbutdeathanddestruction.A)appallingB)abundanceC)ashamedD)condemnedE)delightF)failedG)filledH)gloriousI)hideousJ)memoriesK)remindL)sparedM)terribleN)treasuresO)victims16.答案：F分析：這里說羅馬人沒能把一些公民不當(dāng)奴隸對(duì)待，failtodo表示“未能做某事”，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)符合。17.答案：E分析：觀眾看拳擊比賽希望看到一些刺激的、令人高興的場(chǎng)面，delight有“令人高興的事”之意，E選項(xiàng)合適。18.答案：J分析：讀人類相互之間暴行的記憶會(huì)讓人不寒而栗，memories符合語境，J選項(xiàng)正確。19.答案：B分析：暴行的大量存在讓人懷疑是否有文明社會(huì)存在，abundance表示“大量，豐富”，B選項(xiàng)正確。20.答案：K分析：看到飛行器會(huì)讓我們想起科學(xué)賦予我們的力量，remindof是固定搭配，K選項(xiàng)正確。21.答案：G分析：用無用的產(chǎn)品充斥世界，fill...with...是“用……填充……”，G選項(xiàng)正確。22.答案：H分析：如果人類明智使用科技，科技本可以是輝煌的進(jìn)步力量，glorious表示“輝煌的”，H選項(xiàng)合適。23.答案：L分析：科技本可以使我們免受各種痛苦和疾病，sparesb.from...表示“使某人免受……”，L選項(xiàng)正確。24.答案：M分析：科技被用在了對(duì)人類有害的方面，terrible表示“糟糕的，有害的”，M選項(xiàng)正確。長(zhǎng)篇閱讀PassageA)Thenumberofadultsdoingvoluntaryworkisincreasing.IntheUK,forexample,over20%ofadultsnowdosomeformofvoluntarywork.ThistrendisnotlimitedtotheUK;itcanbeseeninmanyothercountriesaswell.Thereareseveralreasonsforthisincrease.Onereasonisthatpeoplearebecomingmoreawareofsocialissuesandwanttomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.Anotherreasonisthatvoluntaryworkcanprovidevaluableskillsandexperiencethatcanenhanceaperson’scareerprospects.B)Voluntaryworkcantakemanyforms.Itcaninvolveworkingwithcharities,communitygroups,orenvironmentalorganizations.Somepeoplevolunteerinhospitals,helpingpatientsandstaff.Othersvolunteerinschools,assistingteachersandstudents.Therearealsothosewhovolunteertheirtimetocleanupparks,planttrees,orprotectwildlife.C)Oneofthebenefitsofvoluntaryworkisthatitallowspeopletomeetnewpeopleandexpandtheirsocialnetwork.Whenyouvolunteer,youworkwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandwithdifferentinterests.Thiscanleadtonewfriendshipsandagreatersenseofcommunity.Forexample,apersonwhovolunteersatalocalfoodbankmaymeetothervolunteerswhoarepassionateaboutfightinghunger.Theycanshareideasandworktogethertomakeadifference.D)Voluntaryworkcanalsohaveapositiveimpactonaperson’smentalhealth.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhodovoluntaryworkaregenerallyhappierandmoresatisfiedwiththeirlives.Thisisbecausevoluntaryworkgivespeopleasenseofpurposeandfulfillment.Itallowsthemtofeelthattheyarecontributingtosomethingbiggerthanthemselves.Forinstance,apersonwhovolunteersatananimalsheltermayfeelagreatsenseofjoywhentheyseearescuedanimalfindanewhome.E)Inadditiontothepersonalbenefits,voluntaryworkcanalsohaveasignificantimpactonsociety.Byworkingtogether,volunteerscanaddresssocialproblemsandmaketheircommunitiesbetterplacestolive.Forexample,agroupofvolunteersmayorganizeaneighborhoodclean-upevent.Thiscanimprovetheappearanceoftheneighborhoodandreducetheriskofcrime.Volunteerscanalsohelptoprovideessentialservicesthatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletoprovideonitsown.F)However,therearealsosomechallengesassociatedwithvoluntarywork.Onechallengeisfindingthetimetovolunteer.Manypeoplehavebusyscheduleswithwork,family,andothercommitments.Itcanbedifficulttofitvoluntaryworkintotheirlives.Anotherchallengeisfindingtherightvolunteeropportunity.Notallvolunteeropportunitiesareagoodfitforeveryone.Somepeoplemaybeinterestedinworkingwithchildren,whileothersmayprefertoworkwiththeelderly.G)Toovercomethesechallenges,thereareseveralthingsthatcanbedone.First,employerscanencouragetheiremployeestodovoluntaryworkbyofferingpaidtimeoffforvolunteering.Thiscanmakeiteasierforemployeestofindthetimetovolunteer.Second,organizationsthatoffervolunteeropportunitiescanprovidemoreinformationaboutthedifferenttypesofopportunitiesavailable.Thiscanhelppeopletofindtherightvolunteeropportunityforthem.H)Inconclusion,theincreaseinthenumberofadultsdoingvoluntaryworkisapositivetrend.Voluntaryworkoffersmanybenefits,bothforindividualsandforsociety.Althoughtherearesomechallenges,thesecanbeovercomewiththerightsupportandresources.Asmorepeoplerecognizethevalueofvoluntarywork,itislikelythatthetrendwillcontinuetogrowinthefuture.25.TheincreaseinthenumberofadultsdoingvoluntaryworkisnotonlyseenintheUKbutalsoinmanyothercountries.答案：A分析：A段提到這種成年人做志愿工作人數(shù)增加的趨勢(shì)不僅在英國(guó)，在其他很多國(guó)家也能看到，與題目?jī)?nèi)容相符。26.Voluntaryworkcantakevariousforms,suchasworkingwithcharitiesorinschools.答案：B分析：B段明確說志愿工作有多種形式，包括與慈善機(jī)構(gòu)、社區(qū)團(tuán)體合作，在學(xué)校幫忙等，和題目一致。27.Oneofthebenefitsofvoluntaryworkisthatithelpspeoplemeetnewpeopleandexpandtheirsocialnetwork.答案：C分析：C段闡述了志愿工作的一個(gè)好處是能讓人們結(jié)識(shí)新朋友，擴(kuò)大社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，符合題目表述。28.Voluntaryworkcanhaveapositiveimpactonaperson’smentalhealthbygivingthemasenseofpurposeandfulfillment.答案：D分析：D段指出志愿工作對(duì)人的心理健康有積極影響，因?yàn)樗茏屓擞心繕?biāo)感和成就感，與題目?jī)?nèi)容相符。29.Volunteerscanworktogethertoaddresssocialproblemsandimprovetheircommunities.答案：E分析：E段提到志愿者共同努力可以解決社會(huì)問題，讓社區(qū)變得更宜居，和題目一致。30.Onechallengeofvoluntaryworkisfindingthetimetodoitduetobusyschedules.答案：F分析：F段提到志愿工作面臨的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是人們由于工作、家庭等繁忙日程難以抽出時(shí)間做志愿，符合題目。31.Employerscanencourageemployeestovolunteerbyofferingpaidtimeoff.答案：G分析：G段提出雇主可以通過提供帶薪休假來鼓勵(lì)員工做志愿工作，和題目表述相符。仔細(xì)閱讀Passage1Thefirststepinanyattempttounderstandtheenvironmentistofindoutwhatspeciesarepresent.Thisinvolvessurveysofplants,animals,fungi,andmicroorganisms.Inthepast,thesesurveyswereoftencarriedoutbyindividualscientistsorsmallteams.However,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,citizenscienceprojectshavebecomeincreasinglypopular.Citizenscienceprojectsinvolvemembersofthepublicinscientificresearch.Inthecaseofenvironmentalsurveys,citizenscanhelpcollectdataonspeciesdistribution.Forexample,theycantakephotosofplantsandanimalstheyseeanduploadthemtoadatabase.Scientistscanthenusethisdatatomapthedistributionofdifferentspecies.Oneoftheadvantagesofcitizenscienceprojectsisthattheycaninvolvealargenumberofpeople.Thismeansthatmoredatacanbecollectedinashorterperiodoftime.Inaddition,citizenscienceprojectscanhelptoengagethepublicinscientificresearch.Peoplewhoparticipateintheseprojectsoftendevelopagreaterinterestintheenvironmentandabetterunderstandingofscientificmethods.However,citizenscienceprojectsalsohavesomelimitations.Onelimitationisthatthedatacollectedbycitizensmaynotbeasaccurateasthedatacollectedbyprofessionalscientists.Thisisbecausecitizensmaynothavethesameleveloftrainingandexpertise.Anotherlimitationisthattheremaybeabiasinthedata.Forexample,citizensmaybemorelikelytotakephotosofspeciesthatareeasytoseeorthataremoreattractive.32.Whatisthefirststepinunderstandingtheenvironment?A)Conductingexperiments.B)Studyingscientifictheories.C)Findingoutwhatspeciesarepresent.D)Developingnewtechnologies.答案：C分析：文章開頭提到理解環(huán)境的第一步是找出有哪些物種存在，C選項(xiàng)正確。33.Whatcancitizensdoinenvironmentalsurveys?A)Analyzedata.B)Takephotosofspeciesanduploadthem.C)Designresearchprojects.D)Trainprofessionalscientists.答案：B分析：文中說在環(huán)境調(diào)查中，公民可以拍攝看到的動(dòng)植物照片并上傳到數(shù)據(jù)庫，B選項(xiàng)正確。34.Whatisanadvantageofcitizenscienceprojects?A)Theycancollectmoreaccuratedata.B)Theycaninvolvealargenumberofprofessionalscientists.C)Theycancollectmoredatainashortertime.D)Theycanreplaceprofessionalscientists.答案：C分析：文中提到公民科學(xué)項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)是能讓大量人參與，在更短時(shí)間內(nèi)收集更多數(shù)據(jù)，C選項(xiàng)正確。35.Whatisalimitationofcitizenscienceprojects?A)Thedatamaybeinaccurate.B)Theycosttoomuchmoney.C)Theytaketoomuchtime.D)Theyarenotpopularamongthepublic.答案：A分析：文中指出公民科學(xué)項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)局限性是公民收集的數(shù)據(jù)可能不如專業(yè)科學(xué)家收集的準(zhǔn)確，A選項(xiàng)正確。Passage2Theimportanceofsleephaslongbeenrecognized.Lackofsleepcanhaveseriousconsequencesforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Itcanleadtofatigue,irritability,difficultyconcentrating,andevendepression.Inaddition,lackofsleephasbeenlinkedtoanumberofhealthproblems,suchasobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Despitetheimportanceofsleep,manypeoplehavetroublesleeping.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Onereasonisstress.Intoday’sfast-pacedworld