北師大版2019必修一Unit2SportsandFitness多維練核心詞匯靈活用—填一填__________n.虛弱的，弱點(diǎn)→__________adj.不牢固的，虛弱的，弱的→__________v.削弱，減弱professionaln.__________adj.__________→__________n.職業(yè)，聲明，同業(yè)inspirationn.__________→__________v.鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞，賦予靈感→__________adj.能力卓越的，借助靈感創(chuàng)作的→__________adj.激勵(lì)人心的，啟發(fā)靈感的。sharplyadv.__________→__________n.鋒利;嚴(yán)厲;銳使尖銳利;敏銳→_________v.使尖銳,加重crowdn.__________→__________adj.擁擠的,擠滿的__________n.通告,公告→__________v.發(fā)布,宣布;通知;聲稱→__________n.播音員;廣播員defencen.__________→__________v.保護(hù);保衛(wèi);辯護(hù),防御annualadj.__________→__________adv.每年一次地__________n.申請(qǐng)書→__________n.申請(qǐng)人→__________ⅵ請(qǐng)求;申請(qǐng)disappointmentn.__________→__________v.使失望→__________adj.失望的,沮喪的;失意的ad令人失望的;令人掃興的__________adv.驚人地,了不起地→________adj.令人驚異的→__________v使吃驚__________adv經(jīng)常;定期地→__________n.正規(guī)軍人;老顧客adj.規(guī)則的,經(jīng)常做(或發(fā)生)的__________n.經(jīng)常性,規(guī)律性→→__________v.使合法化;使正式存在relievevt.__________→__________n.減輕,緩解__________vi.&vt.(使)強(qiáng)健→__________n.力,力力量;強(qiáng)度→__________adj.強(qiáng)壯的,強(qiáng)健的強(qiáng)勁的__________adj.可完成的;做得成的→__________v.實(shí)現(xiàn),完成;達(dá)到→__________n成功者satisfactionn.__________→__________adj.令人滿意的;夠好的→__________v.使?jié)M意,使?jié)M足;使確信→________adj,令人滿足的;令人滿意的→satisfiedadj感到滿意的__________adj.富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的→__________n.經(jīng)驗(yàn);體驗(yàn)經(jīng)歷,閱歷v.經(jīng)歷;感受;體驗(yàn);遭受→__________adj.經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;經(jīng)驗(yàn)得來(lái)的__________n.靈活性→__________adj.有彈性的,柔韌的;靈活的__________adj.有效的,實(shí)際的→__________n.結(jié)果,效果,影響v.使發(fā)生;實(shí)現(xiàn);引起→__________adv.有效地;事實(shí)上→__________n.有效性;效用,功能→__________v.有影響;使感動(dòng);假裝influencen.__________→__________adj.有很大影響的;有支配力的答案1.weakness;weak;weaken 2.專業(yè)人才;專業(yè)的,職業(yè)的;profession3.激勵(lì),鼓舞;給人以靈感的人/物;靈感;inspire;inspired;Inspiring4.嚴(yán)厲地,急劇地;sharpnesssharpen 5.;crowded 6.announcementannounce;announcer7.防守隊(duì)員,后衛(wèi);defend 8.年一度的,每年的;annually9.application;applicant;apply10.失望,掃興,沮喪;disappoint;disappointed;isappointing11amazingly;amazing;amaze12regularly;regular;regularity;regularize13.減輕,緩relief14.strengthen;strength;strong15achievableachieve;achiever16.滿足,滿意;satisfactory;satisfy;satisfying17.experienced;experience;experiential18flexibility;flexible19.effective:effect::effectivelyeffectivity;affect20.影響,支配力;influentialII.單句填空1.Itwas__________(announce)thatnewspeedrestrictionswouldbeintroduced.2.It'sthedutyforeverysoldierto__________(defence)ourcountryagainstenemies.3.IagreewithSusan,whosearticleremindsme__________mybestgift,apen,givenbymyfather,whowasaworker.4.I'mwritingtoapply__________thepositionasastudentvolunteer.5.Theexaminationsarearoundthecorner.Somefansinourclassarepersuadedtoquit__________(play)footballtofocusontheirstudies.6.Wewere__________(disappoint)tofindthemuseumclosed.7.IfyouetovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureof__________(amaze)depthandvariety.8.Howdidtheaccidenthappenwasdifficulttofind__________becausetherewerefewpeopleinthestreetatthattime.9.Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelated__________publicorder.10.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree__________casehisfathercouldseehim.答案及解析1.announced考查固定句型。句意:據(jù)宣布,將有新的限速規(guī)定出臺(tái)。Itwas/isannouncedthat..為固定句型,意為“據(jù)宣布……”。2.defend考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)抵御敵人是每個(gè)士兵的職責(zé)。不定式符號(hào)to后接動(dòng)詞原形,故用動(dòng)詞defend3.of考查固定搭配。句意:我贊同Susan的觀點(diǎn),她的文章使我想起曾是工人的父親給我的最好的禮物—一支鋼筆。remindsb.ofsth.為固定搭配,意為“使某人想起某事”。4.for考查固定搭配。句意:我寫信是想申請(qǐng)學(xué)生志愿者這個(gè)職位。applyfor意為“申請(qǐng)”。5.playing考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:考試臨近,我們班的一些球迷被說(shuō)服停止踢足球,集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。quitdoingsth.為固定用法,意為“停止或放棄做某事”。6disappointed考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:發(fā)現(xiàn)博物館已經(jīng)關(guān)門了,我們感到很沮喪。根據(jù)be動(dòng)詞were可知,設(shè)空處作表語(yǔ),故用形容詞形式7.amazing考查形容詞。句意:如果你來(lái)訪問(wèn)中國(guó),你會(huì)體驗(yàn)到一種具有驚人的深度和廣度的文化。形容詞修飾名詞,設(shè)空處修飾名詞depth和variety,故用形容詞形式。8.out考查固定搭配。句意:很難查明這起事故是如何發(fā)生的,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)街上幾乎沒人。findout為固定搭配,意為“查明”9.to考查固定搭配。句意:事實(shí)上,交通規(guī)則是與公共秩序密切相關(guān)的規(guī)章制度的一部分。berelatedto為固定搭配,意為“和……有關(guān)”。10.in考查固定搭配。句意:那個(gè)男孩藏在樹后面,以防他父親能看到他。incase意為“以防,萬(wàn)一”III.回歸本源課文語(yǔ)法填空1BothPaul1__________IwerehugefansoftheNBAandweusedtoplayonthecourtwhichwasnexttoourbuilding.Paul'sfavouriteplayer2__________(be)TyroneBogues,whowasonly1.6metrestall,3__________madehimtheshortestplayereverintheNBA.Paulwasonly1.6metrestalltoo,andheusedBogues4__________hisinspiration,practicingveryhard.AlthoughPaultried5__________manytimesformakingourschoolbasketballteamourcoachwasnotsosure.soPaulwasstillusually6__________thebenchchwasreallytoughonhimOurteamwasplayingourmainpetitorsthisweek.Duringthepetition,aplayerandIcrashed7__________eachotherandmykneehurtbadly,whichmademegive8__________thegame.Thelastquarterwasabout9__________begin,andmyteamwasbehindby10points.Withourteam'ssuggestion,ourcoachpermittedPaultoplaythegame.AlltheextrahoursthatPaulhadspent10__________(practice)alonepaidoffHemadeshotaftershot.Whenthegameended,ourteamhadwonby2points__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________5.__________6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________10.__________答案及解析1.and考查固定搭配。句意:Paul和我都是NBA的忠實(shí)粉絲,我們過(guò)去常常在大樓旁邊的球場(chǎng)上打球。both.and為固定搭配,意為“兩者都”。2.was考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意:Paul最喜歡的球員是蒂尼·博格斯,他只有1.6米高,這使他成為NBA有史以來(lái)最矮的球員。根據(jù)第一句的were并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,該句陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3.which考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意見上題解析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,設(shè)空處指代前面的整個(gè)句子,故用which引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。4.as考查介詞。句意:保羅也只有1.6米高,他以博格斯為榜樣,刻苦練習(xí)。use..…為固定搭配,意為“用……作為5.out考查固定搭配。句意:雖然保羅多次嘗試加入我們學(xué)校的籃球隊(duì),但是我們的教練不確定要用他,所以保羅仍然經(jīng)常處在替補(bǔ)席上,這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是很無(wú)情的。tryoutfor.為固定搭配,意為“試圖贏得/爭(zhēng)取…6.on考查介詞。句意見上題解析。onthebench意為“在替補(bǔ)席上”。7.into考查固定搭配。句意:在比賽中,一位球員和我猛地撞在一起,我的膝蓋嚴(yán)重受傷,這使我放棄了比賽。crashinto為固定搭配,意為“猛地撞在一起”。8.up考查固定搭配。句意:在比賽中,一位球員和我猛地撞在一起,我的膝蓋嚴(yán)重受傷,這使我放棄了比賽。giveup為固定搭配,意為“放棄”。9.to考查固定搭配。句意:比賽的最后一節(jié)就要開始了,我的球隊(duì)落后了10分。beabouttodosth為固定搭配,意為“即將做某事”。10.practising考查固定搭配。句意:保羅獨(dú)自練習(xí)的所有額外時(shí)間都得到了回報(bào)。spendtime(n)doingsth.為固定搭配,意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。課文語(yǔ)法填空2Idobelievethatlongdistancerunninghasalot__________(benefit)toyou.Youdonotneedagymmembershiporanyspecialequipment.Keepitup2__________youwillknowyourself,andseewhatyouarecapable__________.Asisknown4__________usall,runningwillhelpyougetfitandpreventdiseases.Running5__________(increase)theflowofbloodandoxygentoyourbrain.Itnotonlymakesyourheart6__________(strong)andallowsmorebloodtoflowaroundyourbody,butalsostrengthensyourimmunesystemandreducestheriskofserioushealthproblems.What'smore,anybody7__________isfeelingdowncangoforarun8cheer)themselvesupYou'dbetterwarmupandcooldown9__________(proper)beforeandafterrunning,soyoudonothurt10__________(you)Awarmupgetsyourbloodflowingandpreparesyourbodybeforeyouexercise.Afteralongrun,youshouldjogslowlyfortenminutes,thenwalkforfiveminutes1. __________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________5.__________6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________10.__________答案及解析1.benefit(s)考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:我確實(shí)相信長(zhǎng)跑對(duì)你有很多好處。benefit既可作可數(shù)名詞,又可作不可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)alotof可知,該處應(yīng)填benefit(s)。2.and考查連詞。句意:堅(jiān)持下去,你就會(huì)了解自己,知道自己能做什么?！捌硎咕?and+陳述句”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。3.of考查固定搭配。句意:堅(jiān)持下去,你就會(huì)了解自己,知道自己能做什么。becapableof為固定搭配,意為“能夠有能力做4.to考查介詞。句意:眾所周知,跑步可以幫助你變得健康,預(yù)防疾病。asisknowntousall.固定搭配,意為“眾所周知”,to表示“對(duì)于”5.Increases考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:跑步能增加大腦血液和氧氣的流動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意可知,該句陳述的是一般事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);該句主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞Running,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。6.stronger考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意:它不僅能讓你的心臟更強(qiáng)壯,讓更多的血液在你的身體里流動(dòng),還能增強(qiáng)你的免疫系統(tǒng),降低嚴(yán)重健康問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)該句中的more并結(jié)合句意可知,設(shè)空處填比較級(jí)。7.who/that句意:更重要的是,任何感覺情緒低落的人都可以通過(guò)跑步讓自己振作起來(lái)。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為anybody,表示人,設(shè)空處在從句中作主語(yǔ),故用who或that8.tocheer考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:更重要的是,任何感覺情緒低落的人都可以通過(guò)跑步讓自己振作起來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知,設(shè)空處表示目的,故用動(dòng)詞不定式。9.properly考查副詞。句意:你最好在跑步前后適當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)嵘砗推綇?fù),這樣你就不會(huì)讓自己受傷了。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)warmup和cooldown,故用副詞形式。10.yourself考查反身代詞。句意:你最好在跑步前后適當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)嵘砗推綇?fù),這樣你就不會(huì)讓自己受傷了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,設(shè)空處表示“讓自己受傷”,故用反身代詞。IV.完成句子世界上的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家需要共同努力,以確保人們享有健康、幸福的生活,同時(shí)又不損害其周邊的環(huán)境。Thedevelopedanddevelopingcountriesoftheworldneedtoworktogetherto____________thatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives,withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.建議你應(yīng)當(dāng)與不同性格及背景的人交朋友。Itissuggestedthatyou__________________peoplehavingdifferentcharactersandbackgrounds無(wú)論什么情況下我們都不能放棄自己的信仰.Undernocircumstancescanwe____________ourbeliefs因此,我建議你應(yīng)該保持學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂之間的平衡。SoIsuggestyou________________________betweenyourstudyandentertainment對(duì)于那些想做出最好的生活調(diào)整并取得勝利的人來(lái)說(shuō),這是最好的建議!This'sthebestadviceforthose__________________makethebestlifeadjustmentsandwin!把我們的知識(shí)建立在實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)之上,我們才能為社會(huì)做出貢獻(xiàn)。Withourknowledge____________practice,wecanmakecontributionstooursociety.我對(duì)閱讀的熱愛一刻也不會(huì)停止,因?yàn)樵谖业纳钪袝穷Ｖ堑睦蠋熀鸵嬗?。NeverforamomentcanIstopmyloveforreadingbecausebooksarewiseteachers__________________goodfriendsinmylife振作起來(lái)!下次你會(huì)做得更好。____________!Youcandobetternexttime一家地方報(bào)紙?jiān)u論說(shuō)由于強(qiáng)有力的法律,車禍在減少。Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcaraccidentswereonthedecrease____________theforcefullaw.因此,當(dāng)坐在教室做試卷時(shí),我感到自信并且精力旺盛。Sowhile______intheclassroomand______papers,Ifeltconfidentandwasfullofenergy.答案及解析1.makesure 2shouldmakefriends 3.giveup 4shouldkeepthebalance5whowantto 6.basedon 7.aswellas 8.Cheerup 9.dueto/becauseof 10.sitting;doing =1\*ROMANI.用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Themascot(吉祥物)fortheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames1．(show)tothepublicatBeijing’sShougangIceHockeyArenaonSeptember17th,2019.Thenameofthemascotis“BingDwenDwen”,whichis2．(close)associatedwiththehostnation’sculture.Theimageofitisdesignedbased3．thegiantpanda.4．(dress)inafullbodysuitofice,asymbolofpurityand5．(strong),thepandawearsahelmetwithcoloredhalo(光環(huán)).Thelinesofthehalorepresentthesnow6．(track)and5Gtechnology.Theheartshapeinitsleftpalmrepresentsthehostcountry’shospitality.Thename“BingDwenDwen”isa7．(bine)ofseveralmeaningsintheChineselanguage.“Bing”istheChinesecharacterforice,while“DwenDwen”is8．monnickname(綽號(hào))inChinaforchildrenthatimpliesthehealthinessandcuteness.ThemascotperfectlybinesthebestelementsandcharacteristicsofChinatoshowChina’swarminvitationtofriendsfromallovertheworld.Itisalsodesigned9．(promote)theOlympicspirit.Thereisnodoubt10．itwillbeawonderfulambassadorforChinaandtheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames. 【答案】1．wasshown2．closely3．on 4．Dressed5．strength6．tracks7．bination8．a(chǎn)9．topromote10．that【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了北京2022年冬奧會(huì)吉祥物——冰墩墩。1．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：2019年9月17日，北京2022年冬奧會(huì)吉祥物在首鋼冰球場(chǎng)亮相。根據(jù)onSeptember17th,2019可知，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；Themascot是單數(shù)概念，且與show是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用was。故填wasshown。2．考查副詞。句意：吉祥物的名字是“冰墩墩”，這與東道國(guó)的文化有著密切的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“密切相關(guān)”，修飾形容詞associated，應(yīng)使用副詞closely“密切地”。故填closely。3．考查介詞。句意：它的形象是以大熊貓為原型設(shè)計(jì)的。此處固定短語(yǔ)：bebasedon“以……為基礎(chǔ)”。故填on。4．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：熊貓身穿象征純潔和力量的全身冰裝，頭戴帶有彩色光環(huán)的頭盔。dress與主語(yǔ)thepanda是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)。故填Dressed。5．考查名詞。句意：熊貓身穿象征純潔和力量的全身冰裝，頭戴帶有彩色光環(huán)的頭盔。此處與purity并列，表示“力量”，應(yīng)使用名詞。故填strength。6．考查名詞。句意：光暈的線條代表雪道和5G技術(shù)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“雪道”，雪道不止一條，應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填tracks。7．考查名詞。句意：在漢語(yǔ)中，“冰墩墩”是幾個(gè)意思的組合。根據(jù)空前a及空后of可知，此處可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。故填bination。8．考查冠詞。句意：“冰”在中文中是冰的意思，而“墩墩”在中國(guó)是孩子們的一個(gè)常見綽號(hào)，寓意著健康和可愛。此處泛指“一個(gè)常見綽號(hào)”，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞，mon是以輔音音素開頭的詞，應(yīng)使用a。故填a。9．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：它也是為了宣傳奧林匹克精神而設(shè)計(jì)的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)使用不定式表目的。故填topromote。10．考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，它將是中國(guó)和2022年北京冬奧會(huì)的出色大使。thereisnodoubtthat...是固定句型。此處引導(dǎo)doubt的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句句子成分齊全，應(yīng)使用只起連接作用、無(wú)實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。II.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。

(2019高一上·濟(jì)南期中)

Physicaleducation,orPE,isn’trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn’tofferedforsomedifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.Todaymanypeopledon’tdosports.Butasisknowntoall,doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.Highschoolisn’tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent’sstudiesandlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity(肥胖癥).Teensshouldget60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon’tgetteenstomovearound,suchasvideogamesandputeractivities,meansmanyteensdon’tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasuretoencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’riskofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealthcarespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbehinderedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.AccordingtothePresident’sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition(PCFSN),studentswhoperformedfivehoursofphysicalactivityeachweekimprovedtheiracademic(學(xué)業(yè)的)performance.Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.1．AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoesphysicaleducationinhighschoolmean?A．Makingteensattachimportancetoexerciselater. B．Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.C．Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise. D．Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hindered”inParagraph5mean?A．measured. B．prevented. C．shown. D．caused.3．AccordingtothePCFSN,doingsports.A．meansmakingstudentschoosebetweensportsandstudiesB．helpsstudentsmakegooduseofalltheirtimeC．meansstudentsadjusttotheirstudiesbetterD．helpsstudentsdobetterintheirstudies4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation. B．Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationimportant.C．Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports. D．Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．A【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.（現(xiàn)在教導(dǎo)青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身計(jì)劃，可以幫助青少年成年后，把鍛煉放在首位。）由此可知，根據(jù)第二段，高中體育教育意味著讓青少年重視以后的鍛煉。故選A。2．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’riskofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.（不運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)增加青少年患多種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。積極的生活方式是預(yù)防這些健康問(wèn)題的好方法。）由此可知，Asmuchas75percentofhealthcarespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbehinderedbylifestylechanges的意思是多達(dá)75%的醫(yī)療支出用于治療可能因生活方式改變而受阻的疾病?！癶indered”的意思是受阻，故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.（不參加體育活動(dòng)的學(xué)生，把額外的時(shí)間用于課堂學(xué)習(xí)，在考試中的表現(xiàn)并不比那些為了支持體育而放棄一些學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間的學(xué)生好。）由此推斷出，根據(jù)PCFSN，做運(yùn)動(dòng)幫助學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上做得更好。故選D。4．主旨大意題。第一段Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.（但是中學(xué)生應(yīng)該接受體育教育嗎?答案當(dāng)然是肯定的）是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育。故選A。=2\*ROMANIII．七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Agreatnumberofpeoplecangetinjuredorevenkilledresultingfromahumanstampede(蜂擁)．Thebadthingisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd.1.Ifyouareinacrowd,themostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticetheexits.Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.2.Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevengroundcanbeslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressureanddonotstandstillorsitdown.

3.Takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenupandtrytomovesidewaystothecrowdmovementwheretheflowisweaker.4.Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.Ifyoufall,getupquickly.Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup(蜷縮)．5.

Sometimes,findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.A．Makeyourselfawareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.B．Donotlieonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyleavesyourlungsunprotected.C．Ifyouaresteppedon,youshouldshoutforhelp.D．Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd.E．Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest,likeaboxer.F．What'sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdanger.G．Stretchyourarmstothefulllengthsothatyoucanmakemorespacetomoveinthecrowd.答案及解析1.F2.A3.D4.E5.B【解析】本文為介紹說(shuō)明文。文章針對(duì)“如何防止踩踏事件和在踩踏事件發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己”提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Thebadthingisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklybeeconcernedandpanicked.”（壞的事情是和平的人群可以迅速變得擔(dān)心和恐慌）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“更糟糕的是，在沒有實(shí)際危險(xiǎn)的情況下，可能會(huì)造成踩踏事故”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。2.考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)下文“Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople，wetorunevengroundcanbeslippery（滑溜的）ordangerous，causingyoutofall.”（如果你在一群移動(dòng)的人群中，潮濕的地面可能會(huì)很滑或很危險(xiǎn)，導(dǎo)致你摔倒）可知，A項(xiàng)“要意識(shí)到你所站立的地方周圍的情況”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故A選項(xiàng)正確。3.考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Whenindanger…donotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown.”（當(dāng)發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)時(shí)……不要對(duì)抗壓力，不要站著不動(dòng)或坐下）給出的幾條建議可知，D項(xiàng)“相反，要順著人群的方向移動(dòng)”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故D選項(xiàng)正確。4.考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)下文“Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest”（它給你運(yùn)動(dòng)和保護(hù)你的胸部）可知，E項(xiàng)“像拳擊手一樣，把你的手放在胸前”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故E選項(xiàng)正確。5.考查上下文和句意理解。符合此處語(yǔ)境。根據(jù)下文“Sometimes，findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.”（有時(shí)候，正確的姿勢(shì)可以挽救你的生命）可知，B項(xiàng)“我們不要躺在地上，這會(huì)讓你的肺部危險(xiǎn)”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故B選項(xiàng)正確。語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheXi'anCityWallisthemostpletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It___41___(build)originallytoprotectthecity___42___theTangdynastyandhasnowbeenpletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible___43___(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After___44___(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat___45___(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We___46___(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky___47___didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir____50____(day)routines.【答案】41.wasbuilt42.in43.towalk44.spending45.better46.hired47.but48.the49.watchtowers50.daily【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者游覽西安長(zhǎng)城的活動(dòng)。【41題詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。分析句子可知，空格處為謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞build和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（bedone），根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)theTangdynasty可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填wasbuilt?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它最初是為了保護(hù)唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“在某個(gè)朝代”應(yīng)用介詞in。故填in?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取行動(dòng)了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it+be+adj+todosth.”，it為形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞walk的不定式短語(yǔ)作真正主語(yǔ)。故填towalk?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動(dòng)了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞賓語(yǔ)。故填spending?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動(dòng)了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。根據(jù)后文比較連（介）詞than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞good的比較級(jí)。故填better?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填hired?！?7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我的自行車又舊又搖搖晃晃，但還可以騎。后文didthejob和前文Mybikewasoldandshaky之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but連接。故填but。48題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我們繞著西安城墻走了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)。結(jié)合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短語(yǔ)為alltheway，故用定冠詞the限定名詞way。故填the?！?9題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)你可以在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成，但我們?cè)诓煌拇箝T和了望臺(tái)停下來(lái)拍照，或者只是看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行他們的日常生活。根據(jù)句意以及前文形容詞different可知，此處可數(shù)名詞watchtower是復(fù)數(shù)概念，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填watchtowers?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)你可以在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成，但我們?cè)诓煌拇箝T和了望臺(tái)停下來(lái)拍照，或者只是看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行他們的日常生活。修飾后文名詞routines應(yīng)用day的形容詞daily，作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞。故填daily。閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A（2021全國(guó)乙卷A）TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld’sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfryparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichacmodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulationsnottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandfortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntiona1,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.·Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.·MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.·BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.·OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.·KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944. B.107,601. C.About150,000. D.About250,000.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium. B.BeaverStadium. C.OhioStadium. D.KyleField.23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveinmon?A.Theyhostbiggames. B.Theyhavebeetouristattractions.C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans. D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了世界上著名的大型競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的基本情況。目前這些競(jìng)技場(chǎng)仍在運(yùn)行并且還在承辦大型體育賽事。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However,thatwassmallfryparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichacmodatedaround250,000people.”(然而，與這座城市容納了25萬(wàn)人的大競(jìng)技場(chǎng)相比，這只是小巫見大巫。)可知，CircusMaximus的可以容納250,000人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后部分中的“OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.OpenedOctober7,1922.”(美國(guó)俄亥俄州哥倫布市俄亥俄體育場(chǎng)，容納人數(shù)：104,944人。1922年10月7日開業(yè)。)及其他四個(gè)著名競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的開放時(shí)間介紹可知，OhioStadium開放時(shí)間最早在1922年，屬于年代最久遠(yuǎn)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.”(所有這些體育場(chǎng)館仍在使用，仍在開放，仍在舉辦世界上最大的體育賽事。)可知，這些體育館都還在承辦大型的體育賽事。故選A項(xiàng)。B（2021全國(guó)甲）WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫桿）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlessweling.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed. B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere. D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Sa