“高考英語(yǔ)精品課程”特殊句式第四講：感嘆句和祈使句興趣導(dǎo)入：高考英語(yǔ)感嘆句和祈使句也是特殊句式中重點(diǎn)句式，也是難點(diǎn)句式。歷年?？几袊@句在賓語(yǔ)從句中運(yùn)用。同時(shí)祈使句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)易混淆。感嘆句和祈使句也是寫(xiě)作句式中的高端句式。考點(diǎn)歸納：Part1感嘆句感嘆句通常用what和how引導(dǎo)，表示喜怒哀樂(lè)等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。同時(shí)，感嘆句表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)的驚訝、喜悅、贊賞和憤怒等情緒。考點(diǎn)1：what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句what是感嘆形容詞，中心詞必須是名詞，名詞前可以有冠詞和形容詞修飾，注意感嘆句用陳述語(yǔ)序。具體有三種類(lèi)型：(1)What+a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!Whatagoodheartyouhave!你的心腸真好！(2)What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!Whatinterestingstorieshe'stoldus!他給我們講的故事真有趣！(3)What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!Whatgreatfunwehadtoday!【活學(xué)活用】1._________beautifulflower!I'veneverseenitbefore.2._________amazingpictureswetookonthebeachyesterday!3.______goodadvicehegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!4._______greatfunwehadyesterday!5.____________goodtimewehadyesterday!6.____________interestingmovie!考點(diǎn)2：how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句how是感嘆副詞，用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，注意感嘆句用陳述語(yǔ)序。具體有四種類(lèi)型。①How+形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Howclevertheboyis!這個(gè)男孩多么聰明?。、贖ow+副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Howfastsheruns!她跑得太快了?、跦ow+形容詞+a(an)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Howcleveraboyheis!這個(gè)男孩多么聰明?。、蹾ow+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！HowIadmireyou!我好羨慕你！【活學(xué)活用】1._______________timeflies!2.____________Iwishtoseeyouagainandapologizetoyou.3._______beautifullyyousingbut_______badlyhedances!4.________deliciousthedishis!I’dlikesomemore.考點(diǎn)3：感嘆句用于賓語(yǔ)從句感嘆句還可以用于賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞不變，語(yǔ)序不變，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與整句保持呼應(yīng)。Youcan’timaginehowexcitedIwaswhenIheardfromhim..你難以想象我收到他的來(lái)信是多么激動(dòng)呀?！净顚W(xué)活用】1..Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.2.Theshockingnewsmademerealize_______terribleproblemswewouldface.3.Doyouknow________highthebuildingis?Part2祈使句祈使句表“請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告”等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭或let開(kāi)頭。有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)感情色彩或特別指明向誰(shuí)發(fā)出命令或要求時(shí)，可以加上you，Mary，girls等作為稱(chēng)呼。Tom，watertheflowerstoday！湯姆，今天澆花！祈使句常常用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求或者建議。它的主語(yǔ)“you”通常省略，并且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。祈使句的句尾用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀的時(shí)候用降調(diào)。表達(dá)請(qǐng)求或勸告時(shí)，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的語(yǔ)氣更加緩和或客氣。祈使句一般分為四大類(lèi)：D型祈使句，B型祈使句，L型祈使句，N型祈使句?？键c(diǎn)1：D型祈使句，包括動(dòng)詞do型開(kāi)頭，也包括祈使句的否定式。在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，構(gòu)成“Don’t+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分”。1.Hurryup！趕快！2.Keepoffthegrass!勿踩踏草地！3.Don’tstop!不要停！【活學(xué)活用】1.Pleasedomeafavor—__________(invite)myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.2.Attention!_________(fill)intheformrightnow,makingsurethateverydetailsuppliedisaccurate.考點(diǎn)2：Be型祈使句，以Be動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的句子。Bequiet，please！請(qǐng)安靜！Don’tbelate!不要遲到！考點(diǎn)3：N型祈使句，包括Never開(kāi)頭祈使句和No型祈使句。Never開(kāi)頭祈使句語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)烈。在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，否定祈使句常用“No+名詞/Ving形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“禁止做某事”。Nevergiveup!Neverspeaklikethatagain.千萬(wàn)別再那樣說(shuō)話(huà)。Nosmoking!不要吸煙！拓展：祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句，后邊多用willyou或won’tyou。陳述部分主句含有否定祈使句，附加問(wèn)句應(yīng)該用肯定形式?！净顚W(xué)活用】1.__________(speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.Itisbadmannerstodothat.

2.Don’tdrinkwhenyoudriveacar,__________you?考點(diǎn)4：Let型祈使句帶有第一人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)的祈使句通常以Let開(kāi)頭，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Let+me/us+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形或Let’s+謂語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞原形）+其它。注意：Letus不包括說(shuō)話(huà)者，而Let’s則包括說(shuō)話(huà)者。Let’s…結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句，附加問(wèn)句用“shallwe?”，其余都用“willyou?

”。LetsbdosthDon’tletyourparentsdown.Letusgo,willyou?Let’sgo,shallwe?Let’sgooutandplaybasketball.咱們出去打籃球吧！Don’tlethimdisturbuswhilewearehavingameeting.我們開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)別讓他打擾我們?！净顚W(xué)活用】1.Let’stakeactiontogethertosaveourearth,_______we?2.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,_________you?考點(diǎn)5：祈使句+and/or+主句。注意與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)的區(qū)別。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不能與并列連詞and，or連用。該句型相當(dāng)于“if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句+主句”。and表示順承關(guān)系,or/otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。有時(shí)該句型中祈使句可以省略為名詞詞組，意思基本不變。and/or后面用“will+動(dòng)詞原形”。Workhard,andyouwillmakeit.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會(huì)成功的。Getroundtoitoryouwilllosethegoldenopportunity.

抓緊點(diǎn)時(shí)間，否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)這個(gè)難得的機(jī)會(huì)的。Afewmoreminutes,andtheworkwillbefinished.再有幾分鐘,這份工作就完成了?！净顚W(xué)活用】1.Don'tbediscouraged.________(take)thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.2.Startoutrightaway,________you’llmissthefirsttrain.3.Anotherhour________wewillpletethetasksenttous.4.________(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,youwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.考點(diǎn)6：從句+祈使句【活學(xué)活用】Ifyou'retosucceed,__________(devote)tothejobafterfindingtheproperwaytodoit.Whateveritis,________________(make)surethelightsinthelivingroomareturnedoffbeforeleaving.鞏固練習(xí)—Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit?—Yes.____morewordsandexpressions,andyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandmunicate.A.Known B.Knowing C.Toknow D.Know_____________basicfirstaidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.Known B.HavingknownC.Knowing D.BeingknownInanyunsafesituation,simply________thebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press B.topressC.pressing D.pressedTheshockingnewsmademerealize_____________terribleproblemswewouldface.A.that B.howC.why D.whatCatherine,____thealarmclockfor6o’clock,oryouwouldoversleepandbelateforthetrain.A.setting B.sets C.set D.tosetThemanner_________atelephoneisansweredgivestheimageoftheorganization,so_______politeandpleasantwhenansweringthetelephone.A.inwhich;be B.where;be C.which;being D.inwhich;being________gladIwasthathewassittingnexttome.A.that B.howC.why D.what8．—I'mmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp.—Youbet.Justletmeknowwhen,________I'llbethere.A,andB,orC,soD,but感嘆句和祈使句專(zhuān)練用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或單句改錯(cuò)。_____aninterestingcountrytolivein!Youshouldbefullypreparedbeforegoingwalkinginthemountain.Aboveall，____________(bring)plentyofdrinkingwaterwithyou.Inanyunsafesituation,simply________(press)thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.4.Always_________(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthispanyrunningsmoothly.5.Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better_________(forget)it—you’vegotsomebigbillsing.6.________(congratulate)toyouonyoursuccessinpreventingthespreadoftheepidemic!7.Onemorehour________I’llgettheworkfinished.8.SorryI’msolate,butyoucannotimagine_________greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.9._________lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!10._________interestingworkitistoteachchildren!11.What_____interestingrolesheplayedinthefilm!NowondershehaswonanOscar.12．Feelingdown?Why________visitoneofthesefourwebsites?13．Catherine,________(set)thealarmclockfor6o'clock,oryouwouldoversleepandbelateforthetrain.單句改錯(cuò)16．Whatunforgettableexperience!________________________________________________________________17．WhenaskinghowthepublicwouldhelpbeautifyUtahLake,thelake'sofficialworkerssuggestedpickingupgarbage.________________________________________________________________18.NotouristswouldmissthelocalfoodinXi'an,sowouldwe.________________________________________________________________19．Therehaveatimewhenweyoungpeoplebelievethatourparentsshouldstopofferingtheiradvice.________________________________________________________________Readingthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.____________________Tommy,followingyourdoctor'sadviceoryourcoldwillgetworse.________________________________________________________________Turningdowntheradio—thebaby'sasleepinthenextroom.________________________________________________________________FormoreinformationaboutCambridge,visitingourwebsiteat..________________________________________________________________Whatimportantconferenceitis!Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.________________________________________________________________25.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.Whatdangerousasceneitwas!________________________________________________________________拓展練習(xí)語(yǔ)篇填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalmunity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalmunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點(diǎn)心