新一代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第二版）綜合教程新一代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第二版）綜合教程2教師用書(shū)PAGEPAGE1Unit2TheartofcommunicationiPrepareAboutthetopicThisunitemphasizestheimportanceofdeeplisteningandface-to-facecommunication,whichcontributetoeffectivecommunication.ItaimstodeepenSs’understandingofthenegativeimpactthatdigitaltechnologyhasoncommunicationquality,andencouragethemtomakegooduseoftechnologytoimprovecommunication.ThetwotextsserveasvaluablereferencesforSstowriteanopinionpieceaboutbettercommunicationinthedigitalage.objectivesUponcompletionofthisunit,TisexpectedtoenableSsto:Objectivestalkaboutcommunicationusingnewvocabulary(iExplore1)Reading(iExplore1&2)Buildingyourlanguage(iExplore1&2)Sharingyourideas(iExplore2)explainaconceptinvariouswaysReadingtext(iExplore1)Sharpeningyourskills(iExplore1)applyancientChinesewisdomtoeffectivecommunicationaboutChina(iExplore1)iProduceanalyzetheroleofface-to-facecommunicationintheirlivesReadingtext(iExplore2)Sharingyourideas(iExplore2)writeabouttheproblemsofcommunicationinthedigitalageandgivebriefsuggestionsiProduceiExplore1ViewingScriptRebeccaFanson:Hello.I’mRebeccaFanson,andI’malifecoach.Beingagreatcommunicatorisimportantinallareasofourlife.Whetherwearetalkingtoourpartners,ourfriendsorworkcolleagues,beingabletoinspireotherindividualsthroughyourcommunicationallow(s)youtohaveamorefruitfulandenrichinglife.Herearemytoptipstobeagoodcommunicator.1:Useopen-endedquestionsInordertogetthecommunicationgoing,reallyusefultouseopen-endedquestions.Open-endedquestionsoftenstartwithwordssuchas“what,”“when,”“how”andAnexampleofanopen-endedquestionis:Man:So,whatdoyoulikedoinginyoursparetime?Ilovecinema,theaterandsports.RebeccaFanson:besttoavoidwhatwecallclosequestions.Anexampleofaclosequestionis:Man:Doyoulikefilms?Hmm,yes,Ido.RebeccaFanson:Aclosequestionkillstheconversationbecauseitcanonlybeansweredwith(a)YESorNOanswer.Therefore,usingtheseopen-endedquestionswillensurethattheconversationcontinuesto2:ActivelisteningThisisareallyusefultechnique,asittellstheotherpersonyoureallylistentowhatthey’vebeensayingandalso,moreimportantly,thatyou’veunderstood.Thehoursarequitelong.Thereallyrepetitive.Thebossdoesn’tappreciateme.RebeccaFanson:Ifyou’vebeenlisteningactively,atthispoint,youshouldnowbeabletosummarizewhattheindividualhasjusttoldyou.Man:It…itsoundslikeyouaren’treallysatisfiedwithyourjobanymore.RebeccaFanson:3:ThecocoonSometimes,whenpeoplearetalkingtous,wefindithardtoconcentrateonwhattheyaresaying.Itmightbethatsortofbackgroundnoiseor(that)ourmindiselsewhere.Inordertohelpyouwiththis,visualizeacocoonaroundthetwoofyou.Thiswillallowyoutofocusin…oneverywordtheyaresayingtoyou.4:EngagewiththeotherpersonIfsomeoneistryingtoengageyouinconversation,yourbodylanguageisreallyimportant.Ineedyouradvice!Aha…RebeccaFanson:Don’tcontinuewiththetaskyou’realreadydoing.Don’tshouttheansweroveryourshoulder.Ineedyouradvice!um…RebeccaFanson:Instead,whatyouneedtodois(to)stopwhatyou’redoing,turnaroundandfacethatindividual,andgivethemthetimetheydeserve.Ineedyouradvice!Man:Ofcourse.Whatisit?RebeccaFanson:Goodcommunicationstart(s)whenyoureallyengagewiththeotherindividual.Referenceanswers1open-endedwhenwhyclosetoldyoueverywordfacetimeshout2Ithinktheyareeffectivetipstohelpusenjoysmoothconversations.Actually,onepointofthesetipsisconcentration.mayallhaveexperiencedconversationswheretheotherpersonseemsabsent-minded.Whilewearetryingtopushtheconversationforward,theymayjustplaywiththeircellphonesandavoideyecontactwithus.Insuchcases,Rebecca’stips,likeactivelisteningandengagement,canbereallyhelpful.No,Idon’tthinkthetipsareeffectiveenough.Ithinkthemostimportantfactorforabetterconversationistheattitudeofthepeopleinvolvedinit.Iftheyrespecteachother,theywillnaturallypayfullattentionandrespondpositively,increasingthechancesofhavinganenjoyableconversation.Ifnot,peoplemaylosethemotivationtocontinueandwillprobablyendtheconversationassoonaspossible.ReadingLanguagepointsfeelupsetandconfused;there’ssomuchgoingon.(Para.1)Theexpression“there’ssomuchgoingon”tendstobeusedasacommentoranimplication,indicatingthatsomeoneisbusyorpreoccupiedwithtoomanythingsandtheycanhardlyhandlethem.“Uh-huh,uh-huh,”shesaysasyoustartunpackingthedetails,yourheartsinking.Still,yousoldieron,andeventually,sheputsthedeviceawayandactuallymakeseyecontact.(Para.2)Theword“unpack”literallymeans“totakeeverythingoutofabox,bag,orsuitcase,etc.”Hereitisusedmetaphorically,meaning“tomakeanideaorproblemeasiertounderstandbyconsideringallthepartsofitseparately.”Theexpressions“yourheartsinking”and“soldieron”arealsousedmetaphorically.Ifheartsinks,theylosehopeorconfidence;“soldieron”means“tocontinueworkinginspiteofdifficulties.”2)句中yourheartsinking是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。Paraphrase:areexplainingthedetailsbutsheisabsent-mindedasyoutalkandthismakesyouupset.Butyoucontinue,eventhoughshepayslittleattentiontoyourwords.Finally,sheputsdownherphoneandlooksatyou.hereyes,youcanseeherscanningthroughalistofreadyresponsesasyouspeak.(Para.2)Paraphrase:Althoughsheislookingatyou,yourealizesheisactuallymentallysortingthroughalistofpre-preparedresponsesinsteadofgenuinelyengagingwithwhatyou’resaying.havetostandupforyourself,”sheinterjects.(Para.2)standupforsb./sth.tosupportordefendapersonorideawhentheyarebeingattacked支持；保衛(wèi)；維護(hù)e.g.Ifwefeelthatadecisionisunjustandwemuststandupforourselves.possibletostandupforyourselfwithoutbeinghurtfultoothers.Theexpressionhavetostandupforyourself”isaclichéusedtocomfortandencouragepeoplewhentheyarehavingdifficulties.Herethesentenceindicatesthatyourfriendhasn’tbeenlisteningtoyou.“Conversation”becomesawarofcleversoundbites,deliveredwithlittleinterestinwhatothersaresaying.Mostpeopleinconversationwillhavesomeremarkslockedandloaded,readytofire,justwaitingforapauseintheotherperson’sremarks.Then,theyswitchroles,eachjumpinginstantlyintothesilenceandfillingitwithspeech.(Para.3)Theword“soundbites”means“ashortsentenceorphrase,usuallyfromapolitician’sspeech.”Hereitreferstoshortsentencesorphrasesfromeverydayconversations,implyingthatmanypeopleonlyfocusonusingfancywordslikesomepoliticians,ratherthangenuinelyengagingincommunicationandmutualunderstanding.Hereconversationiscomparedtoawar;soundbitesandremarksarecomparedtobullets.Thesentencemeansthatthespeakersonlythinkaboutthemselves,gettingtheirwordsready(bulletslockedandloaded)andstartingtotalk(tofire)assoonasthereisapause.Second,becausethereisnosilence,theconversationalistsneveractuallytakeinwhateachofthemissaying.(Para.4)takeounderstandorremembernewfactsandinformation領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解；記住e.g.IamtryingtoexplainseveralpossibletreatmentstoJane,butIcantellnottakinganythingin.Theconversationskatesalongontheshallowestpossiblelevel.(Para.4)Paraphrase:Theconversationgoesonquicklyonthesurfacelevelwithoutanyin-depthdiscussion.Conversationslikethisareextremelytiring.Theycontainnofoodforthebrainorheart.Theyaretheverbalequivalentofjunkfood–unsatisfying,andultimatelybadforyou.(Para.4)Thisisanothermetaphor.Conversationsarecomparedtofoodandconversationswhichhavenodeptharecomparedtojunkfood.Aconversationwhereneitherpartylistensattentivelycontainsnomeaningfulcontentandbenefitsneitherofthespeakers,likejunkfoodwhichcontainsnonutritionandisbadforpeople’shealth.it.Justonesecondofsilence,nomatterwhatyou’retalkingabout.(Para.7)it.usedtosaythatsth.iscompletelyfinishedorthatasituationcannotbechanged就這樣（指某事徹底結(jié)束或形勢(shì)不能更改）e.g.it.doneandwecangobacktohaveait,everyone.Thankyouforlistening.usedtotellsb.thattheyaredoingsth.correctly就這樣（用于告訴某人某事做得沒(méi)錯(cuò)）e.g.it!gottheright(alsoThatdoesit.)usedwhenyouareangryaboutasituationandyoudonotwantittocontinue夠了，好了（表示憤怒）e.g.it!I’mnotlisteningtoanymoreofyourlies.nomatterwhat/how/etc.(alsonomatterthe…)usedtosaythatsth.isalwaysthesamewhateverhappens,orinspiteofeffortstochangeit不管什么/怎樣/是否等e.g.Nomatterwhatyouhewillnotbelieveyou.Giveitonelong,delicioussecondofyourfullattention.(Para.7)Theword“delicious”heremeans“extremelypleasantorenjoyable.”Theauthorsuggestsbeingsilentforasecondbeforeyourespond,whichwillgiveyoutimetothinkaboutwhattheotherpersonhasjustsaid.Thissilentsecondseemslong,butitispleasantandrewarding.willbesurprisedwhatabigdifferencethislittlegamemakes.(Para.8)makea/thedifferencetohaveanimportanteffectorinfluenceonsth.orsb.有作用；有影響e.g.helphasmadeabigdifferencetotheconference.Byactuallygivingtheotherperson’swordsamomenttosinkinbeforeyourespond,yourconnectionwiththatpersonandthedepthofyourconversationwillbeverynoticeable.(Para.8)sinkintoenterthemind;becomeunderstood被聽(tīng)懂；被理解e.g.Hepausedtolettheironyofhisremarkssinkin.Paraphrase:Byactuallythinkingaboutwhattheotherpersonreallymeansbeforeyougivingaresponse,youwillbeabletomaintainastrongerconnectionwiththatpersonandhaveameaningfulconversationwiththem.apowerfulfeeling,onethatimmediatelybeginstorelieveourchronicconditionofisolation.(Para.8)relievevt.toremoveorreduceanunpleasantfeelingorpaine.g.Havingsomeonetolistentoyouattentivelyandgiveyoualovingresponsecansometimesrelieveyouranxiety.chronica.(esp.ofadisease)lastingforalongtime;difficulttocureorgetridof（尤指疾病）長(zhǎng)期的，慢性的，難以治愈（或根除）的e.g.Thereisachronicshortageofdoctorsandnursesinthissmalltown.“Apowerfulfeeling”referstothe“changes”broughtaboutbythesecondofsilence,inotherwords,thefeelingthatyouareopeninguptootherpeopleinanewformingemotionalconnections,andtryingtounderstandtheirhumanness.Paraphrase:Thisfeelingissopowerfulthatweimmediatelystarttofeellessisolatedfromotherpeople.Letsomesilencehappenandmakeapracticeofdeeplistening.(Para.10)makeapracticeoftodosth.habitually有…的習(xí)慣；經(jīng)常e.g.HemakesapracticeofvisitinghisgrandpaonSundays.makeapracticeofeatingbeforeyougotobed.ReferenceanswersUnderstandingthetext1silencetakeinmeaningfulonefullsecondwhattheotherpersonhasjustsaideyecontactthedepthofyourconversationopening2Theabsent-mindedlistenerissearchingforaready-maderesponseandpayingnoattentiontowhatthespeakerissaying.Actually,thespeakerexpectsthelistenertoconcentrateontheconversation,listeningtowhatisbeingsaid.canleanalittlebitforwardtoshowthatweareattentivelistenersandareinterestedintheconversation.Besides,wecanshowthatwearepayingattentionandactivelyparticipatingbynoddingourheadsfromtimetotime.IfIstronglydisagreewithpeopleinaconversation,IwouldprobablytrytoexpressmyviewsclearlyandexplainmyreasonsbutIwouldfirstletthemmaketheirpoints.Iwouldavoidpassingjudgmentonwhichopinionisrightorwrong,goodorbad.Ithinkeveryonehastherighttotheirpersonalopinions.ensuredeeplistening,thereshouldbemoderateinteractionbetweentheparticipantsintheconversation.Onemayrepeatthemainpointsoftheotherpersonorasktheotherpersontoclarifysomeimportantdetails.Additionally,weshouldputourphonesorotherdistractionsawaytohelpusstayfocused.EExissonlie3adhextandidniyhepaagaphfomwihheinoaioninahsaentisdivd.ouayhooseapaagaphoehanon.plistningnnhncetheonntationndnjomentofothrhumnsndimpovethequlityofltionships.eoespondingtooths,tytopuseoronesondndthinkbouthtthyhvesid.pninguptoothsmotionllyninstntlystttollvitepoplshonicsnseofisoltion.bsvingtheomnschingorasponsehileintjtingithdvieissdoubtsboutnonsbilitytolistnttntivl.Embingsilnemybehllngingduetopoplesdsietopparnggingndintllint.uingonvsations,individulsotnhvepprdmrksadytoinstssoonstheisapus.houtttntivelistnin,onvrstionlistsntullyomphndthemssgendpovidemninfulsponss.fneanssP.5P.7P.8P.2P.6P.37Para.4 SharpeningyourskillsAnextremelytiringconversationreferstoanemptyanddullconversationwhichcontainsnomutualunderstandingandmeaningfulresponse.Byonesecondofsilence,theauthormeanswaitingonefullsecondbeforerespondingtowhatthespeakerhasjustsaid.Deeplisteningmeansdedicatingtheentiretimethespeakersarespeakingtoactuallyhearingtheirwords.Buildingyourlanguageandexpressions11dull 2isolation 3upset4remark 5noticeable6verbal21a 2b 3b 4a 5b 6aCollocations1IwouldaskmyteacherforhelpifIcan’tunderstandsomething.IwouldnevertrustanymessagesfromunknownsourcesrelatedtoC.I’dbedelightedtohelpastraycatuntilitfindsahome.AlthoughI’dlovetohelpastraycat,IamnotabletotakeitinsinceIliveinthedorm.Ihaveneitherthemoneynortheplacetotakecareofit.2A.Iamgoodatfocusingonmyownthoughts.No,constantinterruptionsareagreatdistractionforme.B.Iwouldbedistracted.No,Iwillnotlosemyconcentrationbecauseofsomebodyconversationwhichhasnorelevancetome.Ithinkitcansavetime,boostefficiency,andbuildstrongergrouprelationships.3Forthesakeofchildrenshouldswimontheshallowsideofthepoolandbeaccompaniedbyadults.Onewaytoavoidshallowconversationistotalkaboutsomethingyou’retrulyinterestedinortopicsthathaveemotionalorintellectualdepth.PAGEPAGE10Tension,fatigue,orweaknessareallcommoncausesofshallowbreath.4canremindourselvesaboutrespectingtherightofotherpeopletoexpressthemselves.canalsofocusonthewordsandbodylanguageoftheotherperson.itiseasiertostopusingourphoneswhentheyarenotclosetous.C.theycan.Ibelievethatmyfriends,especiallythoseIsharemysecretswith,respectmeandwillkeepthesecretwhenIaskthemtodoso.No,Iamnotsure.Ifitisasecret,I’dbetterkeepittomyself.VocabularylearningstrategiesMetaphoricalmeaningofawordorexpressionExercisesonlineChoosethepropermeaningforeachunderlinedexpressioninthesentences.Writedowntherightletter(A-F)ineachblank.Peopleoftenfeelfrustratedwhentheyhavedifficultyincommunicatingwithothersinalanguageotherthantheirmothertongue.Achildcanpickupaforeignlanguagewhenplayingwithotherchildrenfromadifferentculture.Itisnotalwaysdifficulttobridgethegapbetweenwhatissaidandwhatismeantincommunication.Amanager’ssuccessistiedtotheirabilitytoeffectivelycommunicategoalstotheirteam.Theattitudeoftheparentstowardtheusefulnessofwhatislearnedmustcolorthewaychildrenapproachschool.Afterunsuccessfulnegotiations,thetwocompaniesdecidedtoputtheprojectonicethistolearnsomethingbywatchingorlisteningtootherpeopletoberelatedtosomethinganddependentonittodonothingaboutaplanorsuggestionforaperiodoftimealanguagetoinfluencethewaysomeonethinksaboutsomethingtoreduceorgetridofthedifferencebetweentwothingsReferenceanswersDAFBECGrammarandstructureThestructureof“notonly…butalso…”ExercisesonlineRewritethesentencesusing“notonly...butalso…”structure.1Themoviewasentertaining,anditssoundtrackwasamazing.2ShespeaksEnglishfluentlyandknowsFrenchaswell.Thenovelexploresthemesofloveandexaminesthecomplexitiesofhumanrelationships.Thelibraryoffersawiderangeofbooksandorganizescommunityevents.5Thenewrestaurantservesdeliciousfoodandhasacozyatmosphere.ReferenceanswersThemoviewasnotonlyentertainingbutalsohadanamazingsoundtrack./Notonlywasthemovieentertaining,butitalsohadanamazingsoundtrack.ShenotonlyspeaksEnglishfluentlybutalsoknowsFrench./NotonlydoesshespeakEnglishfluently,butshealsoknowsFrench.Thenovelnotonlyexploresthemesoflovebutalsoexaminesthecomplexitiesofhumanrelationships./Notonlydoesthenovelexplorethemesoflove,butitalsoexaminesthecomplexitiesofhumanrelationships.Thelibrarynotonlyoffersawiderangeofbooksbutalsoorganizescommunityevents./Notonlydoesthelibraryofferawiderangeofbooks,butitalsoorganizescommunityevents.Thenewrestaurantnotonlyservesdeliciousfoodbutalsohasacozyatmosphere./Notonlydoesthenewrestaurantservedeliciousfood,butitalsohasacozyatmosphere.BankedclozerubsdeviceevidentcapablepretendingverbalshiftresistconsciouslyrelievingTranslationpeopleinChinaareincreasinglyawarethattheyshouldreducetheiruseofdevices,suchasphones,andengagemoreinface-to-facecommunication.Payingattentiontosubtlechangesinotherpeople’svoices,gestures,andfacialexpressionsduringin-personinteractionshelpsimproveboththequalityandefficiencyofcommunication.Thismethodcannotonlyavoidthefeelingsofisolationcausedbyover-relianceononlineinteractionsbutalsoreducesocialanxietyeffectively,leadingtoanoticeableimprovementinmentalhealth.aboutChinaHuiachieveseffectivecommunicationthroughdeeplisteningbyattentivelyabsorbingConfucius’teachingswithoutinterruption,reflectingonthemthoughtfully,andapplyingtheminhisactions.Hisrespectfulattitudeandabilitytoalignhisbehaviorwiththeteachingshighlighttheimportanceoflisteningforunderstandingandmutualrespect.AnancientChinesesayingabouteffectivecommunicationis“與人言宜和氣從容。ThissayingcomesfromXueXuan,aMingDynastyscholar.Hesuggeststhatweshouldbecalmandgentlewhentalkingtoothersbecauseangermaydistortfairnessandsternexpressionsmayinviteresentment.ThisancientChinesewisdomremainsprofoundlyrelevantinourdigitalage.Foronething,itremindsustostaycalmandkindwhenchattingwithotherstoavoidmisunderstanding.Foranother,itemphasizestheirreplaceablevalueoffacialexpressionsandthetoneofourvoicesincommunication.Beitaface-to-faceconversationoranonlineinteraction,neglectingtocontrolourownfacialexpressionsandtoneofvoicecaneasilyleadtoconflicts.Ifwestaycalmandavoidharshnesstoprioritizepeacefulcommunication,wewillunderstandeachotherbetterandcommunicatemoreeffectively.iExplore2ReadingCulturenotesWashingtonD.C.D.C.isthecapitalcityoftheUnitedStates.ItislocatedinthenortheasternU.S.KnownforiconiclandmarksliketheLincolnMemorial,itisahubforpolitics,history,andculture,attractingtouristsandpolicymakersfromallovertheworld.LosAngelesLosAngelesisamajorcityonthePacificcoastofSouthernCalifornia.ItisthesecondlargestcityintheU.S.andoneofitsmajorcentersofcommerce,industry,internationaltrade,education,science,andentertainmentandsports.UniversityofMichiganTheUniversityofMichiganisatoppublicresearchuniversityintheU.S.,foundedin1817.Itoffersmorethan275degreeprogramsacross19schoolsandcolleges,includingtop-rankedprogramsinengineering,business,medicine,andthehumanities.Itisaleaderinhighereducation,consistentlyrankedamongthetoppublicuniversitiesintheU.S.andglobally.LanguagepointsOncethere,hewillembarkona3,200-milejourneyacrossAmerica,reachingLosAngeleseighttoninemonths(Para.3)embarkon/upontostartsth.,esp.sth.difficult,orexciting或令人激動(dòng)的事）e.g.LastheembarkedonanewcareerasaAndrewsexplainedthatthegermoftheideastemmedfromhisrealizationthatthewaywecommunicateashumanshaschangedmoreinthelast20yearsthananytimeeverbefore.(Para.4)germn.[C](the~ofanidea/theory/feeling,etc.)theearlystageofanidea,theory,feeling,etc.thatmaydevelopintosth.biggerandmoreimportant觀念/理論/感情等的萌芽e.g.Thegermofabrilliantideabegantoforminherhead.stemfromsth.tobecausedbysth.源于；是…的緣故e.g.Herconfidencestemsyearsofhardworkanddedicationtohercraft.Paraphrase:Andrewssaidtheideacametohimwhenherealizedthatinthelasttwentyyearstherehavebeengreaterchangesinthewayswecommunicatethaninanyotherperiodinhistory.Headdedthatwhilethedigitalagehascertainlyseengreatadvancesincommunication,hestartedtoaskwhathappenswhenwestarttoputface-to-faceconversationonthebackburner.(Para.4)put/leavesth.onthebackburner(infml.)todelaydoingsth.untilalatertime推遲做某事；把某事往后擱e.g.Theseprojectswereputonthebackburnertoavoidinconveniencetocitizens,especiallyintrafficHereAndrewsissayingthateventhoughtechnologyhasmadeitmucheasierforustocommunicate,hewonderswhatmighthappenifwestarttoignoreorneglecttalkingtoeachotherinperson.Headmittedthatitisa“paradox”butadded,notcondemningtechnology.moreaboutusingitintherightwayandofferingsomethingthatwasproducedbyface-to-faceconversations.”(Para.9)paradoxn.[C]asituationthatseemsstrangebecauseitinvolvestwoideasorqualitiesthatareoppositetoeachother自相矛盾（的情況）e.g.Theparadoxoftechnologyisthatwhileitconnectsusglobally,itoftenisolatesusthoseclosesttous.Paraphrase:Andrewsadmittedthatitseemstobeacontradictorythingtousesocialmediatospreadthemessageoftheproject,whichaimstohighlighttheimportanceofface-to-facecommunicationandgetpeopletotalk.Buthesaysthattheprojectdoesnotcompletelydenytheroleoftechnology.Hethinksthatsocialmediacanbeusedproperlyasameanstospreadthebenefitsofface-to-faceconversations.Thecombinationofrunningandconversationsmaynotseemimmediatelyobvioustoanyonewhosememoriesofcross-countryincludemorewheezingthanchit-chat.(Para.wheezevi.tobreathewithdifficulty,makinganoiseinyourthroatorchest氣喘吁吁；呼呼地喘氣e.g.Jackwastryingtosaysomething,buthewasjustwheezingafterrunningtous.chit-chatn.[U](infml.)conversationaboutthingsthatarenotveryimportant聊天；閑談e.g.“Whatdidyoutalkabout?”“Oh,justchit-chat.”Heretheauthorwantstosaythatrunningandtalkingatthesametimemightnotmakesensetosomeonewhorememberscross-countryasbeingmoreaboutstrugglingtobreathethanchattingleisurely.However,AndrewsexplainedthattheideaofrunningacrosstheUSAcamealongbecausehewantedtoreturntothemostbasicformoftransportationpairedwiththemostbasicformofcommunication.(Pealongtoappearorarrive出現(xiàn)；來(lái)到e.g.HenrywenttoPariswheneverthechancecamealong.ItismuchmoredifficulttopulloveravehicletotalktosomeoneifheweretohavechosentocycleordriveacrossAmerica.(Para.12)pullovertodrivetothesideoftheroadandstopyourcar,ortomakesb.elsedothis使（車(chē)輛）停靠在路邊e.g.Unabletodriveproperlywhilelaughing,Derekpulledovertothesideofthetocalmdown.2)heweretohavechosen為虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法，這句話(huà)的意思是“比起跑步穿越…wereto…”句型引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于表示一種假設(shè)的、不真實(shí)的或未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的情況。需要注意的是，在該句型中，不論主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞始終用were?！癐wanttopromiseeveryonethatgoingoutthereandspeakingtosomeonepaysincredibledividendsinthewayyoufeel,inthewaythatyouunderstandyourselfandothers,”hesaid.(Para.14)dividendn.[C](pay/bring~s)tobeveryusefulandbringalotofadvantages,esp.laterinthefuture有好結(jié)果；有回報(bào)e.g.Mostexpertsagreethatexercisingregularlywillpaydividendsintheend.apartofacompany’sprofitthatisdividedamongthepeoplewithsharesinthecompany股息；紅利e.g.Thecompanyannouncedthatitwouldpayahigherdividendthisyearduetoprofits.ReferenceanswersUnderstandingthetext1runacrossconversationempathypowerbalancetherightwayportraitpracticalperspectivestudentsandteachersyourselfandothers21Para.32Para.103Para.34Para.75Para.136Para.47Para.11AdditionalactivitiesRole-playinterviewinpairstocreateandperformamockinterviewthatshowsyourcomprehensionofChrisAndrews’motivationsandthedetailsofhisproject.Step1:inpairsanddecidewhoisgoingtobethejournalistandwhoisgoingtobeChrisAndrews.Step2:Theinterviewerasksfivequestionsabouttheproject,andtheintervieweerespondsbasedonthetextcontentandtheirownunderstanding.Step3:Pairspracticetheinterviews.Afterwards,oneortwopairscanpresentinfrontoftheclass.ReferenceanswersQ:WhatinspiredyoutoembarkonthisambitiousjourneyacrosstheUnitedStates?A:Iwasinspiredbytherealizationthatourwayofcommunicatinghaschangedgreatlyinthelast20years.Iwantedtosparkanationalconversationabouttheimportanceofface-to-faceinteractionsandtheirimpactonoursocialskillsandempathy.AnotherreasonwasthatIwantedtocreateaportraitofAmericathroughthousandsofface-to-faceinteractions.(Paras.4,6,10)Q:Canyousharesomespecificexamplesofhowface-to-faceconversationscanimprovesocialskillsorempathy,asthesearesomeofthebenefitsyoumentioninyourproject?A:Face-to-faceconversationsenableustoreadbodylanguageandfacialexpressions,whichhelpsbuildempathyanddeeperconnections.Forexample,businessesfindthatface-to-faceinteractionswithcustomersleadtostrongerrelationshipsandincreasedeffectiveness.(Para.8)Q:Howdoyourespondtoaccusationsofhypocrisyforusingsocialmediatoadvocateface-to-facecommunication?A:Iunderstandthatitmightseemparadoxical,butwe’renotcondemningtechnology.aboutusingitintherightwayandhelpingpeoplerealizetheimportanceofface-to-facecommunicationagain.usesocialmediatospreadthemessageofthepowerofface-to-faceconversationsandtooffersomethingcreatedthroughthoseinteractions.(Para.9)Q:Whydidyouchooserunninginsteadofothermeansofgettingaround?A:Ichoserunningbecauseitrepresentsthemostbasicformoftransportationpairedwiththemostbasicformofcommunication.Italsoallowsformorespontaneousinteractionswithpeoplealongtheasopposedtocyclingordriving,whereiishdertopullovrndtlk.Ps.12)Q:Whtpctilhllngsdoouoseeduingour3,200milejoun?:Runningsuhalongdistnequiesahihlvlofphsialitnss.trll,mplnningtounrossthentienitdStts.sides,mngingloistislikeingahndatithsupplisndindingplstostndslplongthejounymylsopsnthllngsorm.P.12)Q:owillinvolvingthesndstudntshlpoungen