2024年大學(xué)英語四級第一套練習(xí)題和答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthechartandthenanalyzethereasonsbehindthetrend.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.（注：假設(shè)圖表顯示“2015-2023年中國在線教育用戶規(guī)模變化”，數(shù)據(jù)為：2015年1.1億，2016年1.6億，2017年2.1億，2018年2.6億，2019年3.0億，2020年3.8億，2021年4.0億，2022年4.1億，2023年4.2億。）Overthepasteightyears,China’sonlineeducationhaswitnessedasteadyandremarkablegrowthinuserscale,asclearlyreflectedinthechart.Startingfrom110millionusersin2015,thefigureclimbedto420millionby2023,withapeaksurgeof80millionin2020.Thisupwardtrendmirrorstheprofoundtransformationofeducationpatternsinthedigitalera.Severalfactorscontributetothisgrowth.First,therapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnologyhaslaidasolidfoundation.High-speedmobilenetworksandsmartdevices,suchassmartphonesandtablets,havemadeitpossibleforuserstoaccesscoursesanytimeandanywhere,breakingtheconstraintsoftraditionalclassroomsettings.Second,theCOVID-19pandemicactedasacatalyst.Duringschoolclosures,bothstudentsandworkingadultsturnedtoonlineplatformsforcontinuouslearning,whichnotonlyexpandedtheuserbasebutalsofosteredlong-termhabits.Additionally,thedemandforlifelonglearninghassurged.Withthejobmarketbecomingmorecompetitive,peopleareeagertoacquirenewskillsorupdateexistingones,andonlineeducation,withitsflexiblecoursearrangementsanddiversecontent(rangingfromprofessionalcertificationstohobbyclasses),perfectlymeetsthisneed.Inconclusion,theexpansionofonlineeducationuserscaleisaresultoftechnologicalprogress,externalenvironmentalchanges,andinternaldemandforself-improvement.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,thissectorislikelytoplayanevenmorecriticalroleinmoderneducation.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionA(NewsReports)NewsReport1China’snewenergyvehicle(NEV)markethasmaintainedrobustgrowthinthefirstquarterof2024,accordingtothelatestdata.Salesreached1.8millionunits,ayear-on-yearincreaseof35%.Thisgrowthismainlydrivenbygovernmentsubsidies,improvedbatterytechnology,andagrowingconsumerpreferenceforeco-friendlytransportation.Notably,domesticbrandsaccountedfor70%ofthemarketshare,withBYDleadingthepackbyselling650,000vehicles.IndustryexpertspredictthatNEVsaleswillexceed10millionunitsnationwidebytheendofthisyear.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whatistheyear-on-yeargrowthrateofChina’sNEVsalesinQ12024?A)25%B)30%C)35%D)40%2.WhatpercentageoftheNEVmarketisoccupiedbydomesticbrands?A)50%B)60%C)70%D)80%NewsReport2TheNationalMuseumofChinahaslaunchedanewdigitalexhibitionfeaturing300culturalrelics,allowingvisitorstoviewartifactsin3Dthroughvirtualreality(VR)devices.Sinceitsopeninglastmonth,theonlineplatformhasattractedover5millionuniquevisitors,surpassingthephysicalmuseum’sannualattendance.“Thisinitiativenotonlypreservesfragilerelicsbutalsomakesculturalheritageaccessibletopeopleinremoteareas,”saidthemuseumdirector.Asurveyshowsthat85%ofonlinevisitorsexpressedinterestinattendingphysicalexhibitionsafterthedigitalexperience.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.Howmanyculturalrelicsareincludedinthedigitalexhibition?A)200B)300C)400D)5004.Whatpercentageofonlinevisitorswanttoattendphysicalexhibitions?A)75%B)80%C)85%D)90%NewsReport3ArecentsurveybytheMinistryofEducationrevealsthatthenumberofcollegestudentsparticipatinginvolunteerserviceshasrisenby20%inthepasttwoyears.Over12millionstudentsnowengageinactivitiessuchascommunityeducation,environmentalprotection,anddisasterrelief.“Volunteeringnotonlyenrichesstudents’resumesbutalsocultivatestheirsenseofsocialresponsibility,”saidauniversitycounselor.Thesurveyalsofoundthat60%ofvolunteersplantocontinuecommunityserviceaftergraduation.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.Bywhatpercentagehascollegestudentvolunteerparticipationincreased?A)10%B)15%C)20%D)25%6.WhichisNOTmentionedasavolunteeractivity?A)CommunityeducationB)MedicaltreatmentC)EnvironmentalprotectionD)Disasterrelief7.Whatproportionofvolunteerswillcontinueserviceaftergraduation?A)40%B)50%C)60%D)70%SectionB(LongConversations)Conversation1W:ProfessorLi,Ineedtodiscussmythesistopicwithyou.I’minterestedinsocialmedia’simpactonadolescentmentalhealth,butI’mnotsureifit’stoobroad.M:It’sarelevanttopic,butyouneedtonarrowitdown.Maybefocusonaspecificplatform,likeWeChatorDouyin,andexamineoneaspect,suchasbodyimageissues.W:Thatmakessense.I’vereadsomestudiesshowingthatexcessivesocialmediausecorrelateswithhigheranxietylevels.Butaretherepositiveeffectstoo?M:Absolutely.Forexample,socialmediacanhelpintrovertedteensbuildconnections.Yourthesisshouldpresentabalancedview.Also,ensureyouhaveaccesstoreliabledata—governmentsurveysorpeer-reviewedjournalsarebetterthanonlineforums.W:I’lladjustmyproposalaccordingly.Thankyouforyouradvice.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.Whatisthewoman’sinitialthesistopic?A)SocialmediaandadultcommunicationB)Socialmedia’simpactonadolescentmentalhealthC)ThedevelopmentofsocialmediaplatformsD)Adolescents’onlineshoppingbehavior9.Whatdoestheprofessorsuggestthewomando?A)ExpandthetopictoincludemoreplatformsB)FocusonaspecificplatformandaspectC)IgnorepositiveeffectstosimplifythethesisD)Usedatafromonlineforums10.Whatpositiveeffectofsocialmediaonteensismentioned?A)ImprovingacademicperformanceB)HelpingintrovertsbuildconnectionsC)ReducingscreentimeD)Enhancingcreativity11.Wheredoestheprofessoradvisethewomantogetdata?A)GovernmentsurveysB)SocialmediacommentsC)PersonalinterviewsD)BlogpostsConversation2M:Hello,customerservice?Iorderedapackagelastweek,butitstillhasn’tarrived.Thetrackingnumbershowsit’sstuckinGuangzhou.W:I’msorryforthedelay,sir.Letmecheck...Ah,therewasalogisticscenterfireinGuangzhouonFriday,whichcausedabacklogofpackages.Yourorderisscheduledtobereroutedtomorrow.M:Rerouted?WhencanIexpectdelivery?W:Thenewestimatedtimeisthreetofivebusinessdays.We’llcompensateyouwitha$20voucherfortheinconvenience.M:That’snotenough.IneededthepackageforabusinessmeetingonThursday.W:Iunderstand,sir.Inthatcase,wecanarrangeanexpressdeliveryatnoextracost.ItshouldarrivebyWednesday.M:Thatworks.Thankyou.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.Whyisthemancalling?A)TocancelanorderB)TocomplainaboutadelayedpackageC)ToinquireaboutproductdetailsD)Torequestarefund13.Whatcausedthedeliverydelay?A)BadweatherB)AlogisticscenterfireC)StaffshortageD)Systemerror14.Whatinitialcompensationdoesthewomanoffer?A)A$10voucherB)A$20voucherC)FreeexpressdeliveryD)Areplacementproduct15.Whenwillthemanlikelyreceivethepackagewiththenewarrangement?A)ByTuesdayB)ByWednesdayC)ByThursdayD)ByFridaySectionC(Passages)Passage1ArecentstudybyHarvardUniversityexploresthelinkbetweensleepandmemoryconsolidation.Researchersmonitored200participantsaged18-30,dividingthemintotwogroups:onesleptfor8hoursafterlearningalistofwords,andtheotherstayedawake.Thenextday,thesleepgrouprecalled75%ofthewords,comparedto50%fortheawakegroup.Furtheranalysisshowedthatrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whendreamsoccur,playsakeyroleinprocessingemotionalmemories,whiledeepsleephelpswithfactualinformation.Thestudysuggeststhatgettingenoughsleepiscrucialforeffectivelearning.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.Howmanyparticipantswereinthestudy?A)100B)200C)300D)40017.Whatwastherecallrateofthesleepgroup?A)50%B)60%C)75%D)85%18.Whichtypeofsleepisrelatedtoemotionalmemoryprocessing?A)LightsleepB)DeepsleepC)REMsleepD)No-sleepphasePassage2Manycitiesareinvestinginbikelaneconstructiontopromotegreentransportation.InShanghai,over500kmofnewbikelaneswereaddedin2023,connectingresidentialareas,commercialdistricts,andsubwaystations.However,challengesremain:somelanesareoccupiedbyparkedcars,andcyclistsoftenhavetoweavethroughpedestrians.Toaddressthis,thecityhasinstalledsmartsensorstomonitorlaneusageandimposedfinesonillegalparking.Surveysshowthat65%ofresidentssupporttheinitiative,asitreducestrafficcongestionandimprovesairquality.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.Whatisthemainpurposeofbuildingbikelanes?A)ToattracttouristsB)TopromotegreentransportationC)ToincreaseparkingspaceD)Toreducebiketheft20.WhatproblemdobikelanesinShanghaiface?A)LackofmaintenanceB)OccupationbyparkedcarsC)HighconstructioncostsD)Poorsignage21.Whatpercentageofresidentssupportthebikelaneinitiative?A)55%B)65%C)75%D)85%Passage3Artificialintelligence(AI)isincreasinglybeingusedineducation.AItutoringsystemscananalyzestudents’learningpatternsandprovidepersonalizedexercises,whilechatbotsanswerquestions24/7.ApilotprojectinBeijingschoolsfoundthatstudentsusingAItoolsimprovedtheirtestscoresby15%onaverage.However,someeducatorsworryaboutover-relianceontechnology.“AIshouldcomplement,notreplace,teachers,”saidahighschoolprincipal.“Humaninteractionisstillessentialforemotionalsupportandcriticalthinking.”Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.WhatcanAItutoringsystemsdo?A)TeachfullcoursesindependentlyB)AnalyzelearningpatternsandofferpersonalizedexercisesC)ReplaceteachersinclassroomsD)Monitorstudents’physicalhealth23.Bywhatpercentagedidstudents’testscoresimproveintheBeijingpilot?A)10%B)15%C)20%D)25%24.Whatiseducators’concernaboutAIineducation?A)HighcostB)Over-relianceontechnologyC)DataprivacyissuesD)Lackofinnovation25.WhatisessentialbesidesAIaccordingtotheprincipal?A)HumaninteractionB)MoretextbooksC)FrequenttestsD)ExtracurricularactivitiesPartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA(WordBank)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youaretoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Socialmediahasbecomeanintegralpartofteenagers’lives,butits__26__onmentalhealthremainsatopicofdebate.ArecentstudypublishedinTheJournalofAdolescentHealthsurveyed10,000teensaged13-17,askingabouttheirsocialmediausageandemotionalwell-being.ResultsshowedthatthosewhospentoverthreehoursdailyonplatformslikeInstagramandTikTokreportedhigherlevelsof__27__andloneliness.However,therelationshipisnotone-sided.Moderateuse(1-2hoursperday)wasassociatedwith__28__effects,suchasincreasedfeelingsofconnectiontopeers.Thekey,researcherssay,is__29__.“It’snotaboutavoidingsocialmediaentirely,”explainedleadauthorDr.MariaLopez,“butaboutbalancingonlineandofflineactivities.”Teenswhousedsocialmediaforcreativeexpression—postingartworkorwriting—tendedtohavebettermentalhealththanthosewhomainly__30__others’lives.“Comparingoneselftoothers’curatedpostsoftenleadstoself-criticism,”saidDr.Lopez.“Butwhenteensusetheseplatformsto__31__theirownstories,itcanbuildconfidence.”Parentsandeducatorsplayacrucialrole.Encouragingopen__32__aboutsocialmediahabits,settingtimelimits,andmodelinghealthyusage(e.g.,notcheckingphonesduringfamilymeals)canhelpteens__33__apositiverelationshipwithtechnology.Thestudyalsonotedthat__34__factors,suchasfamilysupportandexistingmentalhealthconditions,influencedhowteenswereaffectedbysocialmedia.Forexample,teenswithstrongofflinefriendshipswerelesslikelytofeellonelyevenwithhighsocialmediause.Inconclusion,socialmediaisa__35__tool—itsimpactdependsonhowitisused.WordBank:A)comparisonB)balancedC)communicateD)maintainE)complexF)negativeG)positiveH)discussionI)impactJ)emotionalK)externalL)observedM)shareN)anxietyO)pressureSectionB(InformationMatching)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.TheRiseofSustainableAgriculture[A]Inrecentyears,sustainableagriculturehasgainedglobalattentionasasolutiontoenvironmentaldegradationandfoodsecuritychallenges.Definedasfarmingpracticesthatmeetcurrentfoodneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirs,itemphasizessoilhealth,waterconservation,andbiodiversity.[B]Onekeypracticeisorganicfarming,whichavoidssyntheticpesticidesandfertilizers.A2023reportbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)foundthatorganicfarmshave30%higherbiodiversitythanconventionalfarms.However,organicyieldsaretypically10-20%lower,raisingconcernsaboutfeedingagrowingpopulation.[C]Precisionagriculture,poweredbytechnology,isanotherapproach.Sensors,drones,andAIareusedtomonitorcrophealth,optimizeirrigation,andreducechemicaluse.IntheU.S.,farmersusingprecisiontoolshavecutwaterusageby25%andincreasedyieldsby15%,accordingtotheUSDA.[D]Agroforestry—growingtreesandcropstogether—hasshownpromiseintropicalregions.InKenya,farmerswhointegratedfruittreesintotheirmaizefieldssawa40%increaseinincomefromsellingbothcropsandfruits.Additionally,thetrees’rootspreventsoilerosionandimprovesoilfertility.[E]Consumerdemandisdrivingchange.A2024surveybyNielsenrevealedthat65%ofglobalconsumersarewillingtopaymoreforsustainablyproducedfood.Thishasledsupermarketstoexpandtheirorganicandlocallysourcedproductlines.[F]However,challengespersist.Smallholderfarmers,whoproduce70%oftheworld’sfood,oftenlackaccesstosustainablefarmingtrainingandresources.Highupfrontcostsfortechnologylikeprecisionagriculturetoolsalsohinderadoption.[G]Governmentsaresteppingin.TheEuropeanUnion’sCommonAgriculturalPolicynowallocates30%ofitsbudgettosustainablepractices,whileIndiahaslauncheda$5billionprogramtosupportorganicfarmingin12states.[H]Educationiscritical.SchoolsinBrazilandGhanahaveintroducedagriculturalcurriculathatteachsustainablemethods,ensuringthenextgenerationoffarmersisequippedwithknowledge.[I]Thefutureofsustainableagricultureliesincombiningtraditionalwisdomwithmoderntechnology.Forexample,IndigenouscommunitiesinMexicohaveusedcroprotationforcenturies,andnowthey’repairingitwithsoilsensorstofurtherenhanceproductivity.[J]Inconclusion,whilesustainableagriculturefacesobstacles,itsbenefitsfortheenvironment,farmers,andconsumersmakeitanecessarytransition.Withcollaborativeeffortsfromgovernments,businesses,andindividuals,amoresustainablefoodsystemisachievable.Statements:36.Organicfarmingenhancesbiodiversitybutmayhaveloweryieldscomparedtoconventionalmethods.37.Precisionagricultureusestechnologytoreduceresourceuseandboostcropoutput.38.AgroforestryinKenyahasincreasedfarmers’incomeandimprovedsoilquality.39.Overhalfofglobalconsumersarewillingtopayextraforsustainablyproducedfood.40.Smallholderfarmersfacebarriersduetolimitedaccesstotrainingandhighcosts.41.Governmentsarefinanciallysupportingsustainableagriculturethroughpolicyandfunding.42.Combiningtraditionalpracticeswithmoderntechnologycanadvancesustainablefarming.43.Sustainableagricultureaimstomeetcurrentfoodneedswithoutharmingfuturecapabilities.44.Educationalprogramsaretrainingthenextgenerationinsustainablefarmingmethods.45.TheincomefrombothcropsandfruitshasrisenforKenyanfarmerspracticingagroforestry.SectionC(ReadinginDepth)PassageOneE-booksvs.PaperBooks:WhichIsBetterforReadingComprehension?Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatreadingonpapermayleadtobettercomprehensionthanreadingonscreens.AstudypublishedinReadingResearchQuarterlycompared500collegestudentswhoreada20articleeitherinprintoronatablet.Thosewhoreadthepaperversionscored10%higheronacomprehensiontest,particularlyonquestionsrequiringunderstandingofthetext’sstructureandsequence.Researchersattributethisto“spatialnavigation.”Whenreadingaphysicalbook,readerscansensethethicknessofthepages,rememberwherekeyinformationislocated(e.g.,“themainargumentwasonpage12”),andformamentalmapofthetext.Thisspatialmemoryhelpswithconnectingideasacrossthetext.Incontrast,e-booksoftenlacktactilefeedback;scrollingorswipingmakesithardertotrackthetext’sflow.However,e-bookshavetheiradvantages.Theyareportable,searchable,andcanadjustfontsizeforreaderswithvisualimpairments.A2023surveyfoundthat45%ofreadersprefere-booksforlightreading(e.g.,novels),while60%choosepaperbooksforacademicorcomplexmaterial.“Bothformatshavetheirplace,”saidDr.LauraMartin,acognitivepsychologist.“Fordeepreadingthatrequiresfocusandretention,paperisbetter.Forcasualreadingoraccessinginformationquickly,e-booksaremoreconvenient.”Questions46to50arebasedonthepassageabove.46.WhatdidthestudyinReadingResearchQuarterlyfind?A)E-bookreadersscoredhigherincomprehensiontests.B)Paperbookreadersscored10%higherincomprehension.C)Bothformatshadsimilarcomprehensionresults.D)Tabletreadersrememberedtextstructurebetter.47.Whatis“spatialnavigation”relatedto?A)Rememberingthelocationofinformationinaphysicalbook.B)UsingGPStofindbookstores.C)Scrollingtechniquesone-readers.D)Comparingdifferentbookformats.48.Whatisanadvantageofe-booksmentioned?A)BetterfordeepreadingB)AdjustablefontsizeC)ThickerpagesfortactilefeedbackD)Highercomprehensionscores49.Whatpercentageofreadersprefere-booksforlightreading?A)45%B)50%C)55%D)60%50.WhatdoesDr.LauraMartinsuggest?A)E-booksshouldreplacepaperbooksentirely.B)Paperbooksarebetterforalltypesofreading.C)Bothformatshavetheirsuitableuses.D)Digitalreadingismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.PassageTwoTheFutureofRemoteWorkRemotework,onceanicheoption,hasbecomemainstreampost-pandemic.A2024reportbyMcKinseyestimatesthat30%ofglobaljobswillbepartiallyorfullyremoteby2030.CompanieslikeGoogleandMicrosoftnowofferhybridmodels,allowingemployeestoworkfromhome2-3daysaweek.Proponentsarguethatremoteworkimproveswork-lifebalance,reducescommutingstress,andexpandstalentpools(companiescanhirefromanywhere).AsurveybyOwlLabsfoundthat82%ofremoteworkersreportlowerstresslevels,and73%aremoreproductive.However,challengesexist.Remoteteamsmayfacecommunicationgaps,andsomeemployeesstrugglewithisolation.Managersalsofindithardertomonitorproductivityandfosterteamcohesion.AstudybyStanfordUniversityrevealedthatwhileremoteworkersareproductiveindividually,collaborativeprojectstake15%longertocomplete.Toaddresstheseissues,companiesareinvestingindigitaltools.PlatformslikeSlackandMicrosoftTeamsfacilitatereal-timecommunication,whilevirtualreality(VR)meetingscreateamoreimmersiveexperience.“Thekeyistoblendflexibilitywithstructure,”saidaHRdirectoratatechfirm.“Setclearexpectationsforavailabilityanddeadlines,buttrustemployeestomanagetheirtime.”Thefutureofworkwilllikelybehybrid,combiningthebestofin-officeandremotesetups.Astechnologyevolves,remoteworkisexpectedtobecomeevenmoreintegrated,buthumaninteractionwillremainvital