第6頁共6頁第5頁共6頁《工業(yè)機器人專業(yè)英語》習(xí)題Section1:TerminologyTranslation(20Questions):TranslatetheseindustrialroboticstermsintoChinese.EnglishTerm ChineseAnswer1.EndEffector 末端執(zhí)行器2.DegreeofFreedom(DOF) 自由度3.ServoMotor 伺服電機4.TeachPendant 示教器5.ForwardKinematics 正向運動學(xué)6.Payload 額定負載7.PLC 可編程邏輯控制器8.MachineVision 機器視覺9.Repeatability 重復(fù)定位精度10.WorkEnvelope 工作空間11.Actuator 執(zhí)行器12.InverseKinematics 逆向運動學(xué)13.Encoder 編碼器14.HMI(Human-MachineInterface) 人機交互界面15.PathPlanning 路徑規(guī)劃16.Gripper 夾爪17.SCARARobot 水平關(guān)節(jié)型機器人18.Singularity 奇異點19.Torque 扭矩20.ROS(RobotOperatingSystem) 機器人操作系統(tǒng)Section2:MultipleChoice:Choosethecorrectanswer.1.WhatdoesFMSstandfor?A.FlexibleManufacturingSystemB.FixedManufacturingServiceC.FrequencyModulationSystemAnswer:A2.Thetypicalunitforindustrialrobotrepeatabilityis:A.Millimeter(mm)B.Centimeter(cm)C.Micrometer(μm)Answer:C3.Thehighest-precisiondrivemethodforrobotjointsis:A.PneumaticdriveB.HydraulicdriveC.ElectricdriveAnswer:C4.Themostcommonstructurefora6-DOFindustrialrobotis:A.Serial-linkmanipulatorB.ParallelstructureC.CylindricalcoordinaterobotAnswer:A5.Thecorepurposeofrobotteachprogrammingisto:A.AutomaticallygeneratepathsB.StoremotionsequencesC.OptimizeenergyconsumptionAnswer:B6.Theprimaryfunctionofarobot'sendeffectoristo:A)ControljointmovementsB)InteractwiththeworkenvironmentC)CalculatetrajectorypathsAnswer:B7.Whichsensoriscriticalforclosed-looppositioncontrol?A)ThermocoupleB)EncoderC)PressuresensorAnswer:B8.SCARArobotsexcelinapplicationsrequiring:A)HeavypayloadhandlingB)High-speedplanarmotionC)3DspatialpaintingAnswer:B9.IndustrialrobotprogramminglanguageRAPIDisassociatedwith:A)FanucB)KUKAC)ABBAnswer:C10.Collisiondetectioninrobotsreliesprimarilyon:A)TorquesensorsB)VisionsystemsC)EncoderfeedbackAnswer:A11.Thepurposeofarobot'swristsingularityisto:A)IncreasepayloadcapacityB)AvoidalignmentofaxescausinguncontrolledmotionC)EnhancespeedprecisionAnswer:B12.EtherCATiscommonlyusedinroboticsfor:A)PowertransmissionB)Real-timecommunicationC)StructuralsupportAnswer:B13.ISO10218specifiesstandardsfor:A)MaterialstrengthB)RobotsafetyC)ElectricalefficiencyAnswer:B14.Adigitaltwininroboticsrefersto:A)AbackupcontrollerB)AvirtualsimulationmodelC)Dual-armconfigurationAnswer:B15.Palletizingrobotstypicallyuse:A)CartesiancoordinatesystemsB)SphericalcoordinatesystemsC)ArticulateddesignsonlyAnswer:A16.Theterm"payload"includes:A)RobotarmweightB)Workpiece+endeffectorweightC)BasemountinghardwareAnswer:B17.Force-torquesensorsaremountedon:A)RobotbaseB)RobotwristC)ControllercabinetAnswer:B18.Robotic"workenvelope"defines:A)EnergyconsumptionB)OperationalspacevolumeC)ProgrammingcomplexityAnswer:B19.Industrialrobotsincleanroomsrequire:A)HydraulicdrivesB)Particle-minimizingmaterialsC)HigherrepeatabilityAnswer:B20.Robot"teaching"involves:A)AI-basedlearningB)ManuallyguidingthemanipulatorC)Softwareauto-calibrationAnswer:BSection3:True/False:MarkstatementsasTrue(T)orFalse(F).Moredegreesoffreedomincreasearobot’sflexibility.Answer:TServomotorsrequireD/Aconverterstoreceivecontrolsignals.Answer:F(Correction:RequireanalogsignalsviaD/Aconversion)Machinevisionsystemscanreplacemanualpartqualityinspection.Answer:THydraulicdrivesaresuitableforcleanroomenvironments.Answer:F(Riskoffluidleakage)ROSisproprietarysoftwareownedbyFanuc.Answer:F(Open-sourceframework)Robotic"accuracy"and"repeatability"measureidenticalperformancecharacteristics.Answer:F(Accuracy=proximitytotarget;Repeatability=consistency)Hydraulicactuatorsprovidehigherpowerdensitythanelectricmotors.Answer:TAllindustrialrobotsrequire6degreesoffreedom.Answer:F(Dependsonapplication)Machinevisioncancompensateforrobotpositioningerrors.Answer:TPLCprogrammingusesthesamelanguagesasrobotcontrollers.Answer:F(PLCsuseladderlogic;robotsuseproprietary/scriptinglanguages)Collaborativerobots(cobots)alwaysoperatewithoutsafetyfences.Answer:F(Dependsonriskassessment)Inversekinematicscalculatesjointanglesfromend-effectorposition.Answer:TRoboticweldingexclusivelyusesCartesiancoordinaterobots.Answer:F(Articulatedrobotsdominate)ROS(RobotOperatingSystem)iscompatiblewithallcommercialrobotbrands.Answer:F(Variesbymanufacturer)Robotcalibrationimprovesrepeatabilitybutnotaccuracy.Answer:F(Improvesboth)Strainwavegearsarecommoninrobotjointsduetozerobacklash.Answer:T17.Teachpendantscanonlybeusedforprogramming,notreal-timecontrol.Answer:F(Enablemanualcontrol)18.Robotic"pick-and-place"cyclesaremeasuredinmilliseconds.Answer:T(High-speedapplications)19.ISO9283definesrobotperformancetestingstandards.Answer:T20.Roboticgrindingapplicationsrequireforcecontrolcapabilities.Answer:TSection4:TranslationExercises:TranslatesentencesbetweenEnglishandChinese.EnglishtoChinese:"Robotscanbereprogrammedtoperformnewtasksaftercompletingonespecificjob."Translation:機器人完成特定任務(wù)后，可通過重新編程執(zhí)行新任務(wù)。Roboticweldingensuresconsistentqualityinhigh-volumeproductionlines.Translation:機器人焊接技術(shù)保障了大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)線中的質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定性。Forcecontrolenablesadaptivepolishingofcomplexcurvedsurfaces.Translation:力控制技術(shù)實現(xiàn)了復(fù)雜曲面的自適應(yīng)拋光。KeyTerms:力控制(forcecontrol),自適應(yīng)(adaptive)Themanipulator’srepeatabilityreaches±0.02mmunderISO9283standards.Translation:該機械臂的重復(fù)定位精度符合ISO9283標準，達到±0.02毫米。KeyTerms:機械臂(manipulator),重復(fù)定位精度(repeatability)Collaborativerobotsutilizetorquesensorsforimmediatecollisiondetection.Translation:協(xié)作機器人利用扭矩傳感器實現(xiàn)即時碰撞檢測。KeyTerms:協(xié)作機器人(collaborativerobots),扭矩傳感器(torquesensors)Machinevision-guidedbinpickingreducesmanualsortingerrorsby90%.Translation:機器視覺引導(dǎo)的箱體拾取將人工分揀錯誤率降低90%。KeyTerms:機器視覺(machinevision),箱體拾取(binpicking)Strainwavegearsprovidezero-backlashtorquetransmissioninjointmodules.Translation:應(yīng)變波齒輪在關(guān)節(jié)模組中提供零背隙扭矩傳輸。KeyTerms:應(yīng)變波齒輪(strainwavegears),背隙(backlash)Digitaltwintechnologysimulatesworkcelllayoutsbeforephysicaldeployment.Translation:數(shù)字孿生技術(shù)可在實體部署前模擬工作站布局。KeyTerms:數(shù)字孿生(digitaltwin),工作站(workcell)EtherCATenablessynchronizedmulti-axismotioncontrolwithmicrosecondprecision.Translation:EtherCAT協(xié)議能以微秒級精度實現(xiàn)多軸同步運動控制。KeyTerms:多軸同步(multi-axissynchronization),微秒級(microsecondprecision)Robotcalibrationcompensatesforthermalexpansion-inducedpositionaldrift.Translation:機器人校準可補償熱膨脹導(dǎo)致的位置漂移。KeyTerms:校準(calibration),熱膨脹(thermalexpansion)ChinesetoEnglish:1."工業(yè)機器人在汽車制造業(yè)中廣泛用于焊接和裝配。"Translation:Industrialrobotsarewidelyusedinautomotivemanufacturingforweldingandassembly.2.示教器允許操作員手動引導(dǎo)機器人記錄路徑點。Translation:Teachpendantsallowoperatorstomanuallyguiderobotsforpathpointrecording.KeyTerms:示教器(teachpendant),路徑點(pathpoints)3.六自由度串聯(lián)機器人可執(zhí)行三維空間任意位姿操作。Translation:6-DOFserialrobotscanperformarbitraryposeoperationsin3Dspace.KeyTerms:自由度(DOF),位姿(pose)4.編碼器反饋是實現(xiàn)閉環(huán)位置控制的關(guān)鍵。Translation:Encoderfeedbackiscriticalforclosed-looppositioncontrol.KeyTerms:編碼器(encoder),閉環(huán)控制(closed-loopcontrol)5.有效負載包括末端執(zhí)行器和工件的總重量。Translation:Payloadincludesthetotalweightoftheendeffectorandworkpiece.KeyTerms:有效負載(payload),工件(workpiece)6.奇異點會導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)速度失控，必須避讓。Translation:Singularitiesmaycauseuncontrolledjointvelocitiesandmustbeavoided.KeyTerms:奇異點(singularities),關(guān)節(jié)速度(jointvelocities)7.SCARA機器人專為高速平面裝配任務(wù)設(shè)計。Translation:SCARArobotsaredesignedforhigh-speedplanarassemblytasks.KeyTerms:SCARA機器人(SCARArobots),平面裝配(planarassembly)8.液壓驅(qū)動器適用于重載但存在泄漏風(fēng)險。Translation:Hydraulicactuatorssuitheavypayloadsbutcarryleakagerisks.KeyTerms:液壓驅(qū)動器(hydraulicactuators),泄漏(leakage)9.機器人工作空間由其關(guān)節(jié)運動范圍限定。Translation:Arobot’sworkenvelopeisdefinedbyitsjointmotionranges.KeyTerms:工作空間(workenvelope),關(guān)節(jié)運動(jointmotion)10.預(yù)測性維護通過振動分析降低故障停機時間。Translation:Predictivemaintenancereducesdowntimeviavibrationanalysis.KeyTerms:預(yù)測性維護(predictivemaintenance),停機時間(downtime)Section5:ShortAnswerQuestions:Namefourtypesofindustrialrobotcoordinatesystems.Answer:Cartesian,Cylindrical,Spherical,ArticulatedExplainthemeaningofMTBF(MeanTimeBetweenFailures).Answer:Areliabilitymetricindicatingtheaverageoperationaltimebetweensystemfailures.Explainthedifferencebetweenrepeatabilityandaccuracyinindustrialrobots.Answer:Repeatabilitymeasuresconsistencyinreturningtoaprogrammedposition,whileaccuracyindicatesdeviationfromtheintendedtargetposition.Describetwokeyadvantagesofelectricdrivesoverhydraulicdrivesinrobotjoints.Answer:①Higherprecisionandcontrollability②Cleaneroperation(nofluidleakage)③Lowermaintenancerequirements.Whatistheprimaryfunct