Compulsory3Unit1NatureinthebalanceⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·山東濟(jì)南)AsRendallandhisfriendBourkeweresearchingforholidaygifts,theycameacrossalioncub(幼獸)forsaleinastoreinLondon.TheyboughtitandnameditChristian.Itwasalovelyanimal,fullofcharacter.TheylookedafterChristianforaboutayear,duringwhichtimeanamazingbondformedbetweenthetwomenandthelion.ThethreeofthemsharedaflatoverafurnitureshoponLondon'sKing'sRoad,wherecuteandintelligentChristianquicklybecamealocalcelebrity,cruising(開車兜風(fēng))thestreetsinthebackofaBentley,poppingforlunchatalocalrestaurant,andevenposingforafashionadvertisement.Butsoon,ChristianoutgrewRendall'sflatandsooneventhechurchgardenwherehewentforexercisewasn'tlargeenoughforhim.Theyrealizedthattheirpetneededtobeamongotherlionsanddeservedtolivefreeinhisnaturalenvironment.Withtheirfriends'help,RendallandBourketookChristiantoKenyaandplaceditundertheexpertcareof“thefatheroflions”GeorgeAdamson,wherethetwowouldintroduceChristiantothewild.RendallandBourkespentseveralmonthswithChristian,helpinghimadapttothenewlivingenvironment,andthenleftunwillingly.Ayearlater,theywentbacktoKenya,hopingtofindthelion.WhentheyfinallyfoundChristian,incredibly,Christianwalkedoverslowly.Thensuddenlyherecognizedthem!Heranoverandjumpeduponthem.Theyreceivedalovingwelcomefromtheirlion,whowasfitinwithAfricaandalifewithotherlionsinthewild.RendallandBourke'sextraordinaryreunionwithChristianwasfilmedandissubjectofawonderfuldocumentaryandabook.ThefilmoftheirreunionwasfoundonaJapaneseblogandpostedonYouTubeaccompaniedbyI

Will

Always

Love

You,sungbyWhitneyHouston.TheclipofthereunionwasrecentlyplacedonYouTubeandhasreceivedover45millionhits.1.WhatdoweknowaboutChristianinLondon?A.Itwasfoundinthewildbythetwomen. B.ItlivedinafurnitureshoponKing'sRoad.C.Itdevelopedacloserelationshipwithtwomen. D.Itfilmedanadvertisementforalocalrestaurant.2.WhywasChristiansenttoKenya?A.Itneedednewfriendsandfamily. B.Georgegavethemadvicetodoso.C.Thewildwasagoodchoicetolivein.D.Itsfriendswantedtoexplorethewild.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Christiananditstwofriendsmissedeachother.B.Christianneededcarefromhisfriendsallthelife.C.Christiananditsfriendsdidn'tadapttothenewlife.D.Christianwasscaredbeforerecognizingthetwomen.4.Whydoesthewritermentionthefilmclipandthebook?A.ToproveChristianwaspopulararoundtheworld.B.Toadvertisethefilmandbookaboutthereunion.C.Toshowpeopleweretouchedbytheinfluentialreunion.D.Toexplainhowtokeeptherecordofthemovingreunion.答案及解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了倫德爾和他的朋友伯克與一只獅子克里斯蒂安培養(yǎng)了親密的關(guān)系，雖然克里斯蒂安最后被放回了野外，但是他們的重聚十分感人。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheylookedafterChristianforaboutayear,duringwhichtimeanamazingbondformedbetweenthetwomenandthelion.(他們照顧了克里斯蒂安大約一年，在這段時間里，這兩個人和獅子之間形成了一種神奇的紐帶。)”可知，在倫敦，克里斯蒂安和兩個男人建立了親密的關(guān)系。故選C。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyrealizedthattheirpetneededto…wherethetwowouldintroduceChristiantothewild.(他們意識到他們的寵物需要和其他獅子在一起，應(yīng)該在自然環(huán)境中自由生活。在朋友們的幫助下，倫德爾和伯克把克里斯蒂安帶到了肯尼亞，并把它交給‘獅子之父’喬治·亞當(dāng)森悉心照料，兩人將克里斯蒂安帶到了野外。)”可知，克里斯蒂安被送往肯尼亞是因為野外對于它是一個很好的選擇。故選C。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“RendallandBourkespentseveralmonthswithChristian…whowasfitinwithAfricaandalifewithotherlionsinthewild.(倫德爾和伯克花了幾個月的時間陪伴克里斯蒂安，幫助它適應(yīng)新的生活環(huán)境，然后不情愿地離開了。一年后，他們回到肯尼亞，希望能找到這只獅子。當(dāng)他們終于找到克里斯蒂安時，令人難以置信的是，克里斯蒂安慢慢地走了過來。突然，它認(rèn)出了他們！它跑過去，跳到了他們身上。他們受到了獅子的熱情歡迎，這只獅子適應(yīng)了非洲，也適應(yīng)了與其他獅子在野外的生活。)”可推知，克里斯蒂安和它的兩個朋友彼此想念。故選A。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“RendallandBourke'sextraordinaryreunion…andhasreceivedover45millionhits.(倫德爾和伯克與克里斯蒂安非同尋常的重逢被拍了下來，并成為一部精彩的紀(jì)錄片和一本書的主題。他們重聚的視頻出現(xiàn)在一個日本博客上，并在惠特妮·休斯頓演唱的《我會永遠(yuǎn)愛你》的伴奏下上傳到Y(jié)ouTube上。這段重聚的視頻最近被上傳到Y(jié)ouTube上，點擊量超過4500萬次。)”可推知，作者提到了電影片段和書是為了表明人們被這次有影響力的團(tuán)聚所感動。故選C。B(2025·安徽池州)In1999,GiulianaFurci,founderandfoundingdirectoroftheFungi(真菌)Foundation,developedadeepinterestinfungi.Theywereeverywhere,andthe20-year-oldtookparticularjoyinthevarietyofmushrooms:smallandbutton-shaped;tallandumbrella-like;roundwithredcapstoppedwithwhiteflakes.Somewerecommonlyfoundinpeople'sdiets,fortheywererichinnutrientssuchasvitamin,fiber,mineralsandprotein.ButFurcialsoquicklyrealizedthatthesefungiwentlargelyignoredinChile,wheretherewerefewguidebooksandanalmosttotallackofpoliciesandresourcestoprotectthemfromover-harvestingandotherhumanactivities.Determinedtocorrectthis,FurciwroteafieldguideandsetuptheFungiFoundation—anon-profitorganizationdedicatedtofungiconservation.Inherguide,specialattentionwenttotheroleoffungiintheecosystem.“Lifeontheplanetwouldn'texistwithoutfungi,”saidGregMueller,amushroomconservationexpert.“Becauseoftheirrelationshipwithforestsandtrees,wecan'tsurvivewithoutfungi.Intermsofthehealthoftheplanet,they'reincrediblyimportanttohumansandtheoverallecosystem.”Fungicanbreakdownplantsandanimals,thuscyclingnutrientsandincreasingtheiravailabilityinthesoil.Theyarealsoimportantcontributorstothesoilcarbonstockthroughthesameprocess.What'smore,fungihavebeenfoundtohelpdegrade(降解)variouspollutants,suchasplastic.Andmycelium(菌絲體),whichistherootstructureofmushrooms,isnowbeingusedtoreplaceunsustainablematerials,suchasplasticandanimal-basedproducts.Becauseofthese,explorationoffungiwasexpandedatafasterpace.However,somewerealreadylistedascriticallyendangered.In2010,Furcitookanevenbiggerstep—withotherenvironmentalnon-profitorganization,sheputforwardaproposalforthegovernmenttosystematicallyassesshowlargenewdevelopmentssuchashousing,dams,andhighwaysaffectfungi.In2012,alawwaspassedandChilebecamethefirstcountryintheworldtoprotectfungibylaw.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutFurcifromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Sheenjoyedcollectingmushrooms.B.Shewasfondofcookingmushrooms.C.Sheworriedaboutthesituationoffungi.D.Shehadahabitofwritingfieldguidebooks.6.Whatisparagraph3ofthetextmainlyabout?A.ThelifeontheEarthwithoutfungi.B.TheimportanceoffungiontheEarth.C.Therelationsbetweentreesandfungi.D.Thepracticalusesoffungiinthefuture.7.HowdidFurciprotecttheecosystem?A.Bywritingfreeinstructionsonplants.B.Bystartinganon-profitecotourismcompany.C.Byraisingawarenessoftheimportanceoffungi.D.Bypassinglawstobanover-harvestingmushrooms.8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesFurci'swork?A.Ground-breaking. B.Debatable.C.Romantic. D.Unmatched.答案及解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述Furci意識到真菌對地球上生命的重要性后通過寫指南、成立基金會等方式來呼吁人們關(guān)注并保護(hù)真菌。她和其他環(huán)保組織的行為甚至促使智利通過了一項保護(hù)真菌的法律。5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ButFurcialsoquicklyrealizedthatthesefungi…fromover-harvestingandotherhumanactivities.(但Furci也很快意識到，這些真菌在智利基本上被忽視了，那里幾乎沒有指南，幾乎完全缺乏政策和資源來保護(hù)它們免受過度采集和其他人類活動的影響。)”可知，F(xiàn)urci擔(dān)心真菌的現(xiàn)狀。故選C。6.B段落大意題。根據(jù)本段第一句“‘Lifeontheplanetwouldn'texistwithoutfungi,’

saidGregMueller,amushroomconservationexpert.(‘如果沒有真菌，地球上的生命就不會存在，’蘑菇保護(hù)專家GregMueller說。)”并結(jié)合本段其他內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了真菌對地球上生命的重要性。故選B。7.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Determinedtocorrectthis,FurciwroteafieldguideandsetuptheFungiFoundation—anon-profitorganizationdedicatedtofungiconservation.Inherguide,specialattentionwenttotheroleoffungiintheecosystem.(為了糾正這一點，F(xiàn)urci寫了一本野外指南，并成立了真菌基金會——一個致力于真菌保護(hù)的非營利組織。在她的指南中，特別關(guān)注了真菌在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的作用。)”可知，為了保護(hù)真菌，F(xiàn)urci寫了指南并成立了真菌基金會。由此推知，F(xiàn)urci通過提高人們對真菌重要性的認(rèn)識來保護(hù)真菌。故選C。8.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In2010,Furcitookanevenbiggerstep…Chilebecamethefirstcountryintheworldtoprotectfungibylaw.(2010年，F(xiàn)urci與其他環(huán)保非營利組織一起邁出了更大的一步，她向政府提出了一項建議，要求政府系統(tǒng)評估住房、水壩和高速公路等大型新開發(fā)項目對真菌的影響。2012年，智利通過了一項法律，成為世界上第一個以法律保護(hù)真菌的國家。)”可知，F(xiàn)urci和其他環(huán)保組織的行為甚至促使智利通過一項保護(hù)真菌的法律。由此推知，F(xiàn)urci的工作是有開拓性的。故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·廣東珠海)AfteradolphinwasfoundswimmingaloneinacreekinFlorida,marinebiologistsformedahumanchaintosaveit.Dolphinstypicallytravelin1calleda“school”,althoughsolitary(獨自的)dolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures,soiftheyare2,theymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction.Thisinturncanbe3,bothfordolphinsandhumans.Dolphinscanbecome4ratherthanfeedontheirown.5,dolphinsthatareusedtohumancontactspendmoretimeinshallowwaters,whichcan6boatcrashes.Meanwhile,humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselves7.After8thatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinthecreekforafewdays,andwasneararesidentialareawith9forhumandisturbance,NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedto10.Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain,creatingabarrierthatcould11thedolphinoutofthecreek.RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid，“The12wastojustbeabarrierthatwasnoveltotheanimal.Wewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasabarrierofhearing,sowehadsomebodybehindusthatwas13aboat,revving(使快速運轉(zhuǎn))itsengineandthenweweresplashing(潑)waterandmovingforwardtowardstheanimal,soweweregivingtheanimalthe14toswimthroughthebridgeonitsown.”The15wassuccessful,withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek.

1.A.series B.lines C.groups D.sessions2.A.separated B.discovered C.defended D.distinguished3.A.rewarding B.dangerous C.attractive D.annoying4.A.sensitive B.hesitant C.dependent D.exceptional5.A.Strangely B.Initially C.Fortunately D.Additionally6.A.turnon

B.leadto C.takein D.knockat7.A.injured B.addicted C.refreshed D.dismissed8.A.declaring

B.explaining C.admitting D.realizing9.A.concern

B.purpose C.potential D.desire10.A.withdraw B.act C.search D.attack11.A.confirm B.restrict C.keep D.guide12.A.risk B.advantage C.goal D.path13.A.lifting B.repairing C.checking D.striking14.A.courage B.option C.right D.skill15.A.rescue B.experiment C.competition D.training答案及解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了數(shù)十名野生動物保護(hù)組織的人員在水中組成“人鏈”，營救誤入淺水區(qū)滯留多日的海豚。1.C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：海豚通常是成群結(jié)隊的，被稱為“豚群”，但獨行的海豚正變得越來越普遍。A.series系列；B.lines線條；C.groups群，組；D.sessions會議。根據(jù)后文“calleda‘school’

”可知，海豚通常是成群出現(xiàn)的。故選C。2.A考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能是引起人們擔(dān)憂的一個原因，因為海豚天生是社交動物，所以如果它們被分開，它們可能會把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向與人類的互動。A.separated分開；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.defended捍衛(wèi)；D.distinguished區(qū)別。根據(jù)前文“dolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures”和“solitarydolphins”可知，海豚天生是群居動物，如果被分開的話，可能會把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向與人類的互動。故選A。3.B考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這反過來對海豚和人類都是危險的。A.rewarding有益的；B.dangerous危險的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.annoying令人惱火的。根據(jù)后文“whichcan6boatcrashes”及“humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselves7

”可知，海豚接近人類對雙方都是危險的。故選B。4.C考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：海豚會變得依賴他人，而不是自己覓食。A.sensitive敏感的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.dependent依賴的；D.exceptional杰出的。根據(jù)后文“ratherthanfeedontheirown”可知，海豚會變得有依賴性。故選C。5.D考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，習(xí)慣與人類接觸的海豚在淺水區(qū)待的時間更多，這可能導(dǎo)致船只碰撞。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Initially最初；C.Fortunately幸運地；D.Additionally另外。根據(jù)前文“Dolphinscanbecome4

”及后文“whichcan6boatcrashes”可知，前后是并列遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步描述海豚在淺水區(qū)的危害。故選D。6.B考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.turnon打開；B.leadto導(dǎo)致；C.takein吸收；D.knockat敲門。根據(jù)后文“boatcrashes”可知，海豚在淺水區(qū)待的時間更多，這可能導(dǎo)致船只碰撞。故選B。7.A考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，離海豚太近的人可能會受傷。A.injured受傷的；B.addicted上癮的；C.refreshed恢復(fù)精神的；D.dismissed解散的。根據(jù)前文“Thisinturncanbe3,bothfordolphinsandhumans.”可知，離海豚太近會有危險。故選A。8.D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識到這只海豚已經(jīng)獨自在小灣里待了幾天，并且靠近有人類干擾的居民區(qū)后，美國國家海洋和大氣管理局漁業(yè)局決定采取行動。A.declaring宣布；B.explaining解釋；C.admitting承認(rèn)；D.realizing意識到。根據(jù)后文“thatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinthecreek”可知，有關(guān)部門意識到了這件事。故選D。9.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.concern關(guān)心，憂慮；B.purpose目的；C.potential潛能；D.desire欲望。根據(jù)后文“humandisturbance”可知，有關(guān)部門擔(dān)憂人類活動會影響海豚。故選A。10.B考查動詞詞義辨析。句意見第9題解析。A.withdraw撤退；B.act行動；C.search尋找；D.attack攻擊。根據(jù)后文“Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain”可知，有關(guān)部門決定采取行動營救海豚。故選B。11.D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：來自克利爾沃特海洋水族館、美國國家海洋和大氣管理局和全球捕鯨委員會的28名生物學(xué)家聚集在一起，組成了一條人鏈，創(chuàng)造了一道屏障，可以引導(dǎo)海豚離開小灣。A.confirm確認(rèn)；B.restrict限制；C.keep保持；D.guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“thedolphinoutofthecreek”可知，生物學(xué)家們組成人鏈，引導(dǎo)海豚離開小灣。故選D。12.C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援生物學(xué)家布列塔尼·巴爾德里卡說：“我們的目標(biāo)只是成為該海豚的新屏障?！盇.risk風(fēng)險；B.advantage優(yōu)勢；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.path路徑。根據(jù)后文“wewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasabarrierofhearing”可知，生物學(xué)家們組成人鏈的目的是創(chuàng)造了一道屏障，引導(dǎo)海豚向正確的方向移動。故選C。13.D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想要創(chuàng)造一道物理屏障和聽覺屏障，所以我們讓身后的人擊打一艘船只，加速引擎，濺起水花，朝著動物前進(jìn)，讓它可以選擇自己游過橋。A.lifting舉起；B.repairing修理；C.checking檢查；D.striking擊打。根據(jù)前文“abarrierofhearing”可知，生物學(xué)家們擊打船只來形成聽覺屏障，迫使海豚前進(jìn)。故選D。14.B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.courage勇氣；B.option選擇；C.right權(quán)利；D.skill技能。根據(jù)后文“toswimthroughthebridgeonitsown”可知，專家們這樣做，是給了海豚可以自己游過橋的選擇。故選B。15.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：營救很成功，海豚游出了小灣。A.rescue營救；B.experiment實驗；C.competition比賽；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)前文“NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedto”和后文“withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek”可知，營救成功了。故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·浙江溫州)Aseedbankstoresseedstopreservegeneticdiversity;henceitisatypeofgenebank.Manypeoplemaywonder1.__________theseedsarestored.Oneofthemajorreasonsistopreservethegenesthatplantgrowersneedtoincreaseyield(產(chǎn)量),diseaseresistance,droughttolerance,nutritionalquality,andthetasteofcrops.Anotheristoprevent2.__________(lose)ofgeneticdiversityinrareorendangeredplantspeciesin3.__________efforttoconservebiodiversity.Manyplants4.__________(grow)centuriesagobyhumansareusedlessfrequentlynow;whylossangrownseedbanksofferawaytopreservethathistoricalandculturalvalue.Collectionsofseedsstored5.__________constantlowtemperatureandlowwaterlevelareguardedagainstreductionofgeneticresourceswhichareotherwisemaintainedinfieldcollections.Thesealternative“l(fā)iving”collectionscan6.__________(damage)bynaturaldisasters,outbreaksofdisease,7.__________war.Containingvaluableinformationaboutevolvedstrategiestoreduceplantstress,seedbanksareconsideredseed8._________(library),andcanhelptocreategeneticallymodified(調(diào)整過的)versionsof9.__________(exist)seeds.Theworkofseedbanksoftenspandecadesandevence