Unit4AdversityandCourageUsingLanguage課時練習(xí)（解析版）根據(jù)句意完成句子。1.Shehasmettheminimumeducationalrequirementsforqualification（資質(zhì)）.2.Theprofessorassignedfourchaptersforthisweek.（布置了）3.Thedamp(潮濕的)weathercausesdamagemachines.4.Agrowingnumberofpeoplesupporttheargumentthatitiscruel(殘忍的)ofhumanbeingstotrainanimalstoperformtricksforamusement.5.Thoughheisinhisfifties,heseemsnevertolosehisyouthfulvigor(活力).6.Bats（蝙蝠）playanimportantroleintheecosystem,especiallyincontrollinginsectsatnight,buttheyarealsocarriersofsomedeadlyviruses.二、閱讀理解。Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand—asystemofrapidhandwriting,andnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawhole.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2012,just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursiveletters(草寫字母).Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygrades,frequently10minutesadayorless.Asaresult,moreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursiveletters.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfield,alltheirpoemsandstoriesaretyped.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.Therearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossing,turningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunication,doesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobert,writteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchers,historianssay,becausetheirauthenticity(真實性)canbeconfirmed.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive(認(rèn)知的)opportunitymissed.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter—alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCounty,elementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogrammecalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.Theylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgrade,andcursivelettersinthirdgrade.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)writing,learningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.1.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2012SATexams?A.Keyboarding.B.Shorthand.C.Handwriting.D.Blockletters.【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2012，just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursiveletters(草寫字母).Therest?Blockletters.”可知，在150萬學(xué)生中只有15%的學(xué)生是手寫的，這引起作者對手寫的擔(dān)心，故C項正確。2.ApoembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto________.A.provehowvaluablehandwritingisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.showhowuniquehispoemisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchers，historianssay，becausetheirauthenticity(真實性)canbeconfirmed.”可知，作者想借Robert的詩來證明手寫的文稿更加珍貴，故A項正確。3.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat________.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskillsD.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.”可知，作者認(rèn)為教學(xué)生書寫不需要花費多少精力，后面用HandwritingWithoutTears舉例，故C項正確。4.Accordingtotheauthor,whenisaperfecttimetolearnhandwriting?A.Kindergarten.B.Primaryschool.C.Highschool.D.College.【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter—alifelongbenefit.”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生應(yīng)該從小就學(xué)習(xí)書寫，會讓他們終受益，故B項正確。5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.Devoted.B.Supportive.C.Critical.D.Objective.【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。作者先是提出問題，即書寫應(yīng)該引起關(guān)注，后面說為什么學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)書寫，最后提出有的學(xué)生因為種種原因不能寫字而可以使用鍵盤，所以他是客觀地陳述事實，故D項正確。三、七選五。TipsforcookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,moneyandtime.1MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthereisnothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsready?22.Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?3ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.3.4Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.5anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.1.【答案】B【解析】空格前面提到了三個緣故：ability，money，time。而空格后面提到了MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday，緊繼續(xù)后面提到了怎么樣充分利用時刻，因此這個地方應(yīng)該與第一項ability有關(guān)，故選B。做到前呼后應(yīng)?！敬鸢浮縂【解析】本段的主題句是Thinkahead，意為“提早規(guī)劃”，同時段降中浮現(xiàn)的信息thinkaheadofthecomingweek.和后面咨詢的咨詢題基本上強調(diào)提早舉行規(guī)劃有助于省去未來的大量勞動力，故選G。【答案】C【解析】結(jié)合本段主題句Makeyourtimeworthit可知，要充分利用你的時刻，再依照空格前的one可知，既然做一具也是做，為何別多做點兒，以備未來之用，故選C。4.【答案】A【解析】此空需要一具主題句。結(jié)合段降中的信息可知選A。5.【答案】F【解析】結(jié)合空前的agoodstart和空后的don’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchanges可知，此處與F項的信息一致。F的信息為：讓做飯和簡單日子成為一種享受，而別是一種負(fù)擔(dān)。語法填空。AreYouFacingaSituationThatLooksImpossibletoFix?In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland，Ohio.It(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit2.(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now，yearslater，thisriverisoneof3.mostoutstanding(杰出的)examplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays4.evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork5.(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally，thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris6.(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit7.isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation，don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare8.(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation，formostofusthe9.(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork，likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe10.(patience)．1．【答案】was【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)本段第一句“In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland，Ohio.”可知凱霍加河在過去被嚴(yán)重污染，所以說過去沒有人能夠想象到這條河能被清理干凈。故填was。2．【答案】actually【解析】考查副詞。本句中使用副詞actually作狀語修飾謂語動詞caught。故填actually。3．【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞。橫線后是形容詞最高級mostoutstanding，形容詞最高級前要加the。故填the。4．【答案】or【解析】考查連詞。從上一段最后一句可知幾年后，這條河是環(huán)境凈化最杰出的例子之一。從語境可知這條河流的改變不是幾天或者幾個月的事情。故用or。5．【答案】toreduce【解析】考查固定句式。固定句式：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花了多少時間；句中的不定式toreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater是句子真正的主語。前面的it是形式主語。故填toreduce。6．【答案】cleaner【解析】考查比較級。根據(jù)空后面有than可知，空處應(yīng)該使用比較級的形式。故填cleaner。7．【答案】that/which【解析】考查定語從句。本句是一個定語從句，先行詞是habit，定語從句中使用關(guān)系代詞that/which指代先行詞，在句中作主語，不能省略。故填that/which。8．【答案】amazing【解析】考查形容詞。-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞一般都是形容