2025PETS二級考試試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)硬件英語應(yīng)用考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分。在每小題列出的四個選項(xiàng)中，只有一項(xiàng)是最符合題目要求的，請將正確選項(xiàng)字母填在題后的括號內(nèi)。）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalcomponentofanIoThardwaresystem?A)SensorB)MicrocontrollerC)CloudserverD)Powersupply2.Theterm"IoT"standsfor:A)InternetofThingsB)InformationofTechnologyC)IntegratedofThingsD)InputofThings3.WhatistheprimaryfunctionofasensorinanIoTdevice?A)ToconnecttotheinternetB)TocollectandtransmitdataC)TopowerthedeviceD)Tostoredatalocally4.WhichoftheseisanexampleofawirelesscommunicationprotocolusedinIoT?A)USBB)BluetoothC)EthernetD)HDMI5.AmicrocontrollerisoftenusedinIoTdevicesbecause:A)ItprovideshighprocessingpowerB)Itiscost-effectiveandenergy-efficientC)IthasalargestoragecapacityD)Itiseasytoprogramwithoutanytraining6.Whatdoes"low-power廣域網(wǎng)"(LPWAN)refertoinIoT?A)AnetworkthatusesalotofpowerB)AnetworkwithlimitedrangeC)Anetworkdesignedforlong-rangecommunicationwithlowpowerconsumptionD)Anetworkthatisonlyusedforlocalcommunication7.InanIoTsystem,whatistheroleofagateway?A)ToprovidepowertothedevicesB)TocollectdatafromsensorsandsendittothecloudC)TophysicallyconnectallthedevicestogetherD)Tostoredatalocallyonthedevice8.WhichofthefollowingisacommonsecurityconcerninIoT?A)DeviceoverheatingB)DatabreachesC)LowbatterylifeD)Physicaldamage9.WhatisthepurposeofafirmwareupdateinanIoTdevice?A)Toimprovethedevice'sphysicalappearanceB)Toupdatethedevice'soperatingsystemorsoftwareC)Toincreasethedevice'sstoragecapacityD)Toreplacethedevice'shardware10.WhichoftheseisanexampleofanIoTapplicationinsmarthomes?A)AutomatedlightingB)CarmanufacturingC)AirplanenavigationD)Hospitalmanagement11.WhatisthemainadvantageofusingZigbeeinIoT?A)HighdatatransmissionspeedB)Long-rangecommunicationC)Lowpowerconsumptionandcost-effectivenessD)Highsecurityfeatures12.InanIoTsystem,whatdoes"edgecomputing"referto?A)ComputingdoneexclusivelyonthedeviceitselfB)ComputingdoneinthecloudC)Computingdoneatthenetwork'sedge,closertothedatasourceD)Computingdonebytheusermanually13.WhichofthefollowingisakeybenefitofIoTinagriculture?A)ReducedlaborcostsB)IncreasedcropyieldC)BettersoilqualityD)Alloftheabove14.WhatistheroleofadatabaseinanIoTsystem?A)ToprovidepowertothedevicesB)TostoreandmanagethedatacollectedbysensorsC)ToconnectthedevicestotheinternetD)Tophysicallyconnectallthedevicestogether15.WhichoftheseisacommonchallengeinIoTimplementation?A)HighcostofdevicesB)LimitedconnectivityoptionsC)DatasecurityissuesD)Alloftheabove16.WhatisthepurposeofanantennainanIoTdevice?A)ToprovidepowertothedeviceB)TofacilitatewirelesscommunicationC)TostoredatalocallyD)Toconnectthedevicetotheinternet17.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofanIoTdeviceusedinhealthcare?A)SmartthermostatB)WearablefitnesstrackerC)SmartrefrigeratorD)Smartcar18.Whatisthesignificanceofthe"InternetofEverything"(IoE)inrelationtoIoT?A)ItincludesonlyphysicaldevicesB)Itincludespeople,processes,data,andthingsC)ItisatermusedforaspecifictypeofIoTdeviceD)ItisatermusedforaspecifictypeofIoTnetwork19.Whichoftheseisakeyfeatureofacloud-basedIoTsystem?A)HighprocessingpoweronthedeviceB)RemotedataaccessandmanagementC)LimitedconnectivityoptionsD)Highcostofdevices20.WhatistheprimarygoalofIoTincities?A)ToreducetrafficcongestionB)ToimprovepublicsafetyC)ToenhanceenvironmentalsustainabilityD)Alloftheabove二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分。請將答案填寫在橫線上。）21.The_______isakeycomponentofanIoTdevicethatcollectsandprocessesdata.22._______isawirelesscommunicationprotocolknownforitslowpowerconsumptionandlong-rangecapabilities.23.AnIoT_______isusedtocollectdatafrommultipledevicesandsendittothecloud.24._______computinginvolvesprocessingdataclosertothesource,ratherthaninthecloud.25.A_______updateisnecessarytoimprovethefunctionalityofanIoTdevice.26.IoTapplicationsinsmarthomescanincludefeatureslike_______.27.Theterm"LPWAN"standsfor_______.28.IoTdevicesoftenuse_______tocommunicatewirelesslywithotherdevicesandnetworks.29.AcommonsecurityconcerninIoTistheriskof_______.30.The"InternetofEverything"(IoE)extendstheconceptofIoTtoinclude_______,processes,data,andthings.（請繼續(xù)完成后續(xù)題目，保持題型多樣性和內(nèi)容豐富性）三、判斷題（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分。請將答案填寫在題后的括號內(nèi)，正確的填“√”，錯誤的填“×”。）21.()AsensorinanIoTdevicealwaysrequiresexternalpowertofunction.22.()Bluetoothistypicallyusedforshort-rangecommunicationinIoTdevices.23.()TheprimarypurposeofamicrocontrollerinanIoTdeviceistoprovidehighcomputationalpowerforcomplextasks.24.()Zigbeeisawirelesscommunicationprotocolthatismoresuitableforhigh-speeddatatransmissioncomparedtoWi-Fi.25.()AnIoTgatewaycanonlyconnectdevicestoawirednetwork,notawirelessone.26.()DatasecurityisnotamajorconcerninIoTsystems.27.()Firmwareupdatesareonlynecessaryforsoftwareimprovements,notforhardwareenhancements.28.()Edgecomputingisalwaysmoreexpensivethancloudcomputing.29.()IoTapplicationsinsmartcitiesareprimarilyfocusedonreducingtrafficcongestion.30.()The"InternetofEverything"(IoE)isessentiallythesameasIoT.四、簡答題（本大題共5小題，每小題4分，滿分20分。請根據(jù)題目要求，簡要回答問題。）31.ExplaintheroleofasensorinanIoTdeviceandprovideanexampleofacommonsensorusedinIoTapplications.（請在此處填寫答案）32.DescribethemaindifferencesbetweenWi-FiandBluetooth,andexplainwhichoneismoresuitableforIoTapplicationsandwhy.（請在此處填寫答案）33.Whatistheconceptof"low-power廣域網(wǎng)"(LPWAN),andprovidetwoexamplesofIoTapplicationswhereLPWANiscommonlyused.（請在此處填寫答案）34.DiscussthesignificanceofedgecomputinginIoTsystemsandwhyitisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.（請在此處填寫答案）35.ExplainhowIoTdevicescanenhancesecurityinsmarthomes,andprovidethreeexamplesofIoT-basedsecurityfeatures.（請在此處填寫答案）本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.C)Cloudserver解析：IoT硬件系統(tǒng)的主要組件包括傳感器、微控制器、電源等，而云服務(wù)器是用于數(shù)據(jù)存儲和處理的，不屬于硬件組件。2.A)InternetofThings解析：IoT的英文全稱是InternetofThings，即物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。3.B)Tocollectandtransmitdata解析：傳感器的核心功能是收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)并將其傳輸給其他設(shè)備或系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行處理。4.B)Bluetooth解析：藍(lán)牙是一種常見的無線通信協(xié)議，適用于短距離通信，廣泛應(yīng)用于IoT設(shè)備。5.B)Itiscost-effectiveandenergy-efficient解析：微控制器體積小、功耗低、成本效益高，非常適合用于IoT設(shè)備。6.C)Anetworkdesignedforlong-rangecommunicationwithlowpowerconsumption解析：LPWAN（低功耗廣域網(wǎng)）是一種專為長距離通信設(shè)計的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，同時具有低功耗特性。7.B)Tocollectdatafromsensorsandsendittothecloud解析：網(wǎng)關(guān)的主要作用是收集來自傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)，并將其發(fā)送到云端進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步處理。8.B)Databreaches解析：數(shù)據(jù)安全是IoT系統(tǒng)中的一個主要concern，因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)泄露可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果。9.B)Toupdatethedevice'soperatingsystemorsoftware解析：固件更新主要用于改進(jìn)設(shè)備的操作系統(tǒng)或軟件，以提升性能和修復(fù)漏洞。10.A)Automatedlighting解析：智能家居中的常見應(yīng)用包括自動照明、智能溫控等，而其他選項(xiàng)屬于不同領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。11.C)Lowpowerconsumptionandcost-effectiveness解析：Zigbee以其低功耗和成本效益而聞名，適用于IoT應(yīng)用。12.C)Computingdoneatthenetwork'sedge,closertothedatasource解析：邊緣計算是指在數(shù)據(jù)源附近進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，而不是在云端，這樣可以減少延遲并提高效率。13.D)Alloftheabove解析：IoT在農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用可以降低勞動力成本、提高作物產(chǎn)量、改善土壤質(zhì)量等。14.B)Tostoreandmanagethedatacollectedbysensors解析：數(shù)據(jù)庫在IoT系統(tǒng)中的作用是存儲和管理傳感器收集的數(shù)據(jù)。15.D)Alloftheabove解析：IoT實(shí)施中的常見挑戰(zhàn)包括設(shè)備成本高、連接選項(xiàng)有限、數(shù)據(jù)安全問題等。16.B)Tofacilitatewirelesscommunication解析：天線在IoT設(shè)備中的作用是facilitating無線通信。17.B)Wearablefitnesstracker解析：可穿戴健身追蹤器是用于醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的IoT設(shè)備。18.B)Itincludespeople,processes,data,andthings解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的擴(kuò)展概念（IoE）包括人、流程、數(shù)據(jù)和事物，比傳統(tǒng)的IoT更廣泛。19.B)Remotedataaccessandmanagement解析：基于云的IoT系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵特性是遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)訪問和管理。20.D)Alloftheabove解析：IoT在城市中的應(yīng)用可以減少交通擁堵、提高公共安全、增強(qiáng)環(huán)境可持續(xù)性等。二、填空題答案及解析21.Sensor解析：傳感器是IoT設(shè)備的關(guān)鍵組件，用于收集和處理數(shù)據(jù)。22.LPWAN(Low-PowerWide-AreaNetwork)解析：LPWAN是一種低功耗廣域網(wǎng)通信協(xié)議，適用于長距離通信。23.Gateway解析：網(wǎng)關(guān)用于收集來自多個設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)，并將其發(fā)送到云端。24.Edge解析：邊緣計算是指在數(shù)據(jù)源附近進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，而不是在云端。25.Firmware解析：固件更新是改進(jìn)設(shè)備功能所必需的。26.Automatedlighting解析：智能家居中的常見應(yīng)用包括自動照明、智能溫控等。27.Low-PowerWide-AreaNetwork解析：LPWAN的英文全稱是Low-PowerWide-AreaNetwork。28.Antenna解析：天線用于無線通信，幫助IoT設(shè)備與其他設(shè)備或網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行通信。29.Databreaches解析：數(shù)據(jù)安全是IoT系統(tǒng)中的一個主要concern，因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)泄露可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果。30.People解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的擴(kuò)展概念（IoE）包括人、流程、數(shù)據(jù)和事物，比傳統(tǒng)的IoT更廣泛。三、判斷題答案及解析21.(×)解析：傳感器不一定需要外部電源，有些傳感器可以使用能量收集技術(shù)獲取能量。22.(√)解析：藍(lán)牙適用于短距離通信，廣泛應(yīng)用于IoT設(shè)備。23.(×)解析：微控制器的核心功能是低功耗和小型化，而不是高計算能力。24.(×)解析：Zigbee適用于低速率數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，而不是高速度數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。25.(×)解析：網(wǎng)關(guān)可以連接設(shè)備到有線和無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)。26.(×)解析：數(shù)據(jù)安全是IoT系