Unit2TheUnitedKingdom-詞匯篇

1.掌握重點詞匯的搭配及用法，能夠正確完成基礎(chǔ)類型題。

2.掌握重點句型的用法，會模仿句型進行寫作和翻譯。

?重點詞組：

1.keepyoureyesopen睜大你的眼睛

2.consistof由…組成

3.leaveout省去不考慮遺漏

4.divideinto分成

5.prepareto準備

6.compareAwithB與…比

7.compareAtoB把A比作B

8.askedthebossonthephone通過電話

9.workout做出；解決；設(shè)計出；計算出；鍛煉；發(fā)展，進行；

workon對..起作用；企圖影響或說服，忙于

workin在...工作

workoff漸漸消除處理排除賣掉發(fā)泄

10.afurnishedhousewithallmodemconveniences一個帶家具的房子有所有的現(xiàn)代方便的設(shè)施

11.familiarwith熟悉

12.worriedaboutthetimeavailable擔(dān)心時間不夠

13.makealistof列出關(guān)于…的清單

14.onspecialoccasions在特殊的場合

15.thefour-hundred-year-olduniform有四百年歷史的制服

16.settheworldtime設(shè)置世界時間

17.oneithersideoftheline在線的兩端

18.fellasleep入睡

19.withdelight十分喜悅的

?詞句精講

1.consistvi.由…組成，在于，一致

★consistof=bemadeupof由…組成;由…構(gòu)成

［典例］1)Substancesconsistofsmallparticlescalledmolecules.物質(zhì)是由叫做分子的微粒組成的。

2)Truecharitydoesn'tconsistinalmsgiving.真正的慈善不在于施舍。

［練習(xí)］翻譯：

1)這支球隊由12人組成。

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2)這位藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格上的美在于它的簡樸。

Keys:1)theteamconsistsof12players.

2)Thebeautyoftheartisfsstyleconsistsinitssimplicity.

2.區(qū)另Ll：0separate...from(把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)

0o把…分開(把整體分為若干部分)

e.g.Theteacherdividedtheclassintotwogroups.

e.g.TheTaiwanStraitseparatesTaiwanfromFujian.

3.debateaboutsth.

e.g.Theydebateabouttheproposalforthreedays.

★debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辯論，爭論

【解析】debate就已經(jīng)確定或統(tǒng)一的問題，各述己見，公開，正式的爭論.含交鋒的意思；

argue指提出理由或事實，試圖在爭辯中說服對方，或促使他人擁護自己倡導(dǎo)的理由或觀點;

discuss指一般討論,談?wù)摚?/p>

quarrel常指因瑣事而感到氣憤，進行爭吵

【練習(xí)】

選擇debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?/p>

1)Thecouplearealwaysquarrelingaboutthepast.

2)Haveyoutheproblemwithanyone?

3)Iwithheralldayaboutthesituation.

Keys:1)quarreling2)discussed3)argued

4.clarify:vt./vi.(causesth.to)becomeclearoreasiertounderstand澄清；闡明;清楚；明T

e.g.IhopewhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.

e.g.Canyouclarifythequestion?

5.belinkedto=beconnectedto/bejoinedto連接

【習(xí)慣用語】★linkAtoB將A和B連接起來

6.referto

1)提及，指的是……

e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?

2)參考；查閱；詢問

e.g.Ifyoudon*tunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.

e.g.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.

3)關(guān)系到；關(guān)乎

e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.

e.g.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.

★reference:n.參考

e.g.referencebooks參考書

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7.toone*ssurprise(prep)

“toone's+名詞”表“令某人...”，

常見的名詞有"'delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等。

e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitfbrsale.

ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.

8....foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully

“find+賓語+賓補(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介詞短語；不定式)”

e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.

e.g.You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.

e.g.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.

e.g.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.

e.g.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.

9.leaveout省去，遺漏

［典例］1)Youhaveleftoutthemostimportantwordinthissentence.

你在這一句中遺漏了最重要的一個單詞。

2)Don'tleavemeoutwhenyouinvitepeopletoyourparty.

當(dāng)你邀請人們?nèi)⒓油頃r，別把我漏掉了。

［重點用法］leavefor動身到(某處)leavealone不管寸敝下…一個人

leaveaside擱置leavebehind遺忘;遺留

［練習(xí)］請?zhí)钊诉m當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞：

1)Theywereleftinthewilderness.

2)Hewasaskedtomakeuptheinformationleftbytheleader.

Keys:1)alone2)out

10.breakdown損壞，跨,壓倒,分解

［典例］

1)Thebridgebrokedown.橋塌了。

2)Theenginebrokedown.發(fā)動機壞了。

3)Hehasbrokendownfromoverwork.他因工作過度而累垮了。

4)Watercanbebrokendownintohydrogenandoxygen.水可以分解為氫和氧。

5)Theplantobuildanotherchemicalworkhasbrokendownbecauseitwillcauseseriouspollution.

再建一個化工廠的計劃失敗了，因為這將引起嚴重的污染。

［詞匯激活］

breakawayfrom擺脫，脫離

breakin闖入；插話

breakinto闖入；破門而人；打斷(談話)

breakoff中止；折斷；打折

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breakout爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生

breakthrough突破；沖垮

breakup分解；(使)結(jié)束;分開，分離

［練習(xí)］請?zhí)钊诉m當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞：

l)Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakitintopieces.

2)Theelevatorbroke.

3)Fightingbrokeintheprisoncells.

4)Firebrokeduringthenight.

5)Onthewaytotheprisonhouse,theprisonerssuddenlybrokefromthepoliceman.

Keys:1)down2)down3)out4)out5)away

11.taketheplaceof代替，取代

［典例］1)Inthefuture,naturalgaswilltaketheplaceofpetrolasthemajorfuel.

將來天然氣會代替汽油成為主要的能源。

2)TiltaketheplaceofMr.Linnextweek.=F11takeMr.Lin'splacenextweek.

下周我將代替林老師。

［重點用法］

takeplace發(fā)生；舉行

takeone*splace就位；代替某人

inplaceof(=insteadof)代替

inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?/p>

outofplace不得其所，不適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

inthefirstplace首先

fromplacetoplace到處；各處

［練習(xí)］選擇以上短語填空

1)Asuddenaccidentinthestreetlastevening.

2)Shelikeseverythingbeforeshestartstowork.Shehatesamess.

Keys:l)tookplace2)inplace

12.influence

l)v.對…產(chǎn)生影響

e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?

2)可數(shù)n.產(chǎn)生影響的人或事

e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.

3)(不可數(shù)n.)影響

e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.

13.Thereisnoneedtodebateanymoreaboutwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries.

沒有必要去爭論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個國家。

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［解釋］Thereisnoneedtodo沒有必要做某事

Thereisnodoubtthat是毫無疑問的

［練習(xí)］翻譯

1)我們有必要再去那一趟嗎？

2)沒必要給他寫封信告知這個消息.

Keys:1)Isthereanyneedforustogothereagain?

2)Thereisnoneedtowritetohimandinformhimthenews.

14.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.

這似乎是一件怪事:這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，而且在倫敦去世.

［解釋］Itis/seems/...that…從句用虛擬語氣，由“should+v.原形”構(gòu)成

［典例］1)Itisstrangethatmymothershouldagreewithme.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應(yīng)了我。

2)Itwasstrangethatmymothershouldhaveagreedwithme.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應(yīng)了我。

［練習(xí)］翻譯

1)真奇怪，他竟然考試不及格.

2)似乎很奇怪，他能夠通過觸摸判斷花的種類。

Key:1)Ifsstrangethatheshouldfailtheexam.

2)Itseemedstrangethathecouldtellthedifferentkindsofflowerbytouching.

1.Thelecturegivenbytheprofessorthestudents9attention.

A.paidB.attractedC.pushedD.used

解析：attractone'sattention”吸引某人的注意力”。

答案：B

2.It'ssaidthattheteamtwelvetopEuropeanplayers.

A.consistsofB.isconsistedofC.madeupofD.makeupof

角牟析：consistof=bemadeupof"，由...組成

答案：A

3.Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnotanyimportantdetailswhileretellinga

story.

A.bringoutB.letoutC.leaveoutD.makeout

解析：句意為：老師再一次強調(diào)學(xué)生們在復(fù)述故事時不要漏掉任何重要的細節(jié)。leaveout遺漏，符

合題意。bringout拿出，取出；letout發(fā)出(叫喊聲等)；makeout看清楚，辨認出。

答案：C

4.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithouthisnotes.

A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon

解析：句意為：總裁在商業(yè)會議上演講了將近一個小時沒有看他的演講稿。refert。有“參考，查閱”

的意思。

答案：B

5.Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.heistiredout.

A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway

解析：句意為：他已經(jīng)三天沒睡覺了。難怪他非常疲勞。Thereisnopoint表“沒有意義"；Thereisno

need表“沒有必要”；(Itis)nowonder(that)表“難怪”。

答案：C

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基礎(chǔ)演練

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空。

1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsist?

2.Waleswaslinkeditinthethirteenthcentury.

3.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedScotlandtheseventeenthcenturyandthe

namewaschanged"GreatBritain^^.

4.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdom

gettingIrelandconnectedthesamepeacefulway.

5.theircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogethersomeareas,buttheystillhavevery

differentinstitutions.

6.example,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystems

aswellasdifferentfootballteamscompetitionstheWorldCup!

7.Englandisthelargestthefourcountries,andconvenienceitisdividedroughly

threezones.

8.historicalarchitectureyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsbuilttheRomans.

9.ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureallisLondonitsmuseums,artcollections,theatres,

parksandbuildings.

10.IfyoulooktheBritishcountrysideyouwillfindevidencealltheseinvaders.

答案：l.of2.to3.to;in;to4.by;in5.To;in6.For;for;like7.of;for;into8.For;by9.of;with

10.around;of

鞏固提高

II.佳句翻譯與仿寫

1.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.

翻譯：

仿寫：他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個地方發(fā)生了巨變。

2.Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinternational

relations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.

翻譯：

仿寫：他覺得她救他是應(yīng)該的她也確實救了他。

3.Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld-famousfootball

teamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!

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翻譯:

仿寫：我雖然有車，但因為交通堵塞很少使用。

4.Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.

翻譯：

仿寫：你不能再多停留些時間，真是遺憾。

5.YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableand

worthwhile.

翻譯：

仿寫：

(1)請保持地面干凈。

(2)他所說的讓我很生氣。

答案：

1.如今只要人們提起英格蘭，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士總是包括在內(nèi)的。

Hefoundtheplacemuchchanged.

2.值得稱贊的是，這四個國家的確在一些方面共同合作(例如在貨幣和國際關(guān)系方面)，但是有些制

度仍然區(qū)別很大。

Hefounditquitenaturalthatsheshouldsavehim-shedidsavehim.

3.盡管英國任何一個城市都不像中國的城市那樣大，但是它們都有著自己享有威名的足球隊，有的

城市甚至還有兩個隊！

AlthoughIhaveacar,Iseldomuseitbecauseofthetrafficjams.

4.很遺憾，這些建于19世紀的工業(yè)城市對游客并沒有吸引力。

It,sapitythatyoucan'tstaylonger.

5.如果你想要使你的英國之旅不虛此行，你就必須把眼睛睜得大大的。

(l)Pleasekeepthefloorclean.

(2)Whathesaidmademeveryangry.

一、單項填空

1.Peoplemaywonderwhydifferentwordsareusedthesefourcountries：England,Wales,

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Scotland,andNorthernIreland.

A.todescribeB.todescribingC.describeD.fordescribe

2.NowwhenpeopleEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.

A.sticktoB.keeptoC.refertoD.pointto

3.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdomby

gettingIrelandinthesamepeacefulway.

A.toconnectB.connectedC.connectD.connecting

4.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandtoformitsowngovernment.

A.brokedownB.brokeawayC.brokeupD.brokeout

5.（2019.桐鄉(xiāng)模擬）Anyhelpfromyouwillbegreatlyappreciated.Pleasegivemeareplyatyour

earliest.

A.convenienceB.consideration

C.interruptionD.imagination

6.Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasinChina,theyhaveworld-famous

footballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!

A.itB.oneC.thatD.those

7.Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesinthenineteenthcenturydonotvisitors.

A.building;attackB.built;attack

C.tobuild;attractD.built;attract

8.（2019,陜西榆林六校第四次質(zhì)量訓(xùn)練）moretourists,travelagenciesfrombothChinaandthe

DPRKhavedevelopedapackageofnewproducts.

A.AttractingB.Attracted

C.ToattractD.Havingattracted

答案：l.A2.C3.B4.B5.A6.D7.D8.C

二、選詞填空

beknownas,makeup,aswell,link...to...,breakawayfrom,lookaround,toone'scredit,under

construction

1.HewillcometoCanadanextmonthandofcourse,hiswifewillcome.

2.Generallyspeaking,lungdiseasesmoking.

3.Oxfordoneofthebestuniversitiesintheworld.

4.Itisgreatlythatyouhavepassedsuchadifficultexam.

5.Theboyastory.Itwasnottrue.

6.Someroadsareblockedbecausetheyare.

7.Whatcanwedotohelpthemtothedifficultposition?

8.Wouldyoupleaseleadmetoyourfactory?

答案：1.aswell2.islinkedto3.isknownas4.toyourcredit5.madeup6.underconstruction

7.breakawayfrom8.lookaround

一、單詞拼寫

1.Wemustutofightagainstracism.

2.Thedramacourseshouldgivemeenoughctofinishmydegree.

3.ThisisacofTang-Songpoems,whichIlikeverymuch.

4.Thefilmaagreatnumberofyoungpeopletogotothecinema.

5.Thoughthetaskwasdifficult,theymanagedtoaitintime.

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6.Livinginthecityismuchmoreexpensivethaninthec.

7.1hopethis（闡明）myposition.

8.Wehaveprovidedseatsforthe（方便）ofourcustomers.

9.Weofferyouoursincerestwishesforavery（令人愉快的）Mother'sDay.

10.Yourhandwas（粗糙的）butstrongandwarm.

答案：1.unite2.credits3.collection4.attracted5.accomplish6.countryside7.clarifies

8.convenience9.enjoyablelO.rough

二、單項填空

1.Thereareplentyofjobsinthewesternpartofthecountry.

A.presentB.availableC.possibleD.convenient

2.She'sarrangedswimminglessonsnextmonth.

A.hersontohaveB.forhersontohaveC.forhersonhavingD.hersonhaving

3.ThebuildingwasnamedFordHallamannamedJamesFord.

A.inneedofB.inmemoryofC.inchargeofD.insearchof

4.一HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?

一Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcartwiceontheway.

A.sloweddownB.brokedownC.gotdownD.putdown

5.,manycountrieshavepromisedtodowhattheycantoslowtheclimatechange.

A.WithourgreatdelightB.Greatlytoourdelight

C.GreattoourdelightD.Toourdelighted

6.（2019?廈門質(zhì)量檢測）Ifyousitinanofficealldaylongandrarely,you'relikelytosufferfrom

neckandbackpains.

A.cutinB.workout

C.breakdownD.stayup

7.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainswhethertheywill

enjoyit.

A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen

8.一Mycafsreallyfat.

一Youhavegivenhersomuchfood.

A.wouldn'tB.couldn'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't

9.makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

A.WhatB.WhichC.WhyD.While

10.（2019?石家莊質(zhì)量檢測二）Tomymind,thesecrettohappinessyoursuccessfulworkand

yourcontributiontowardsothers9happiness.

A.resultsinB.consistsinC.bringsinD.takesin

答案：l.B2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.B8.C9.A10.B

三、完形填空

OneafternoonItouredanartmuseumandIwaslookingforwardtoaquietviewofthemasterpieces.

AyoungcoupleviewingthepaintingsaheadofmetalkedJLbetweenthemselves.Iwatchedthema

momentandQshewasdoingallthetalking.

I3hispatienceforputtingupwithhertalkativeness.4bytheirnoise,Imovedon.I￡

withthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthevariousroomsofart.EachtimeIheardher6floodof

words,Imovedawayquickly.Iwas工apurchaseatthecounterofthegiftshopwhenI&the

coupleapproachingtheexit.Beforetheyleft,themantookoutawalkingstickandthen2hiswayinto

thecoatroomtogethiswife'sjacket.

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“He'saJQman,“theclerkatthecountersaid."MostofuswouldgiveinifwewereJLat

suchayoungage.Duringhisrecovery,hemadeavow（發(fā)誓）hewouldn't?So,asbeforeheandhis

wifecomeinwheneverthere9sanewshow.^^

“Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart?”Iasked.4tHecan'tsee.”

“Can'tsee!You9re14.Heseesalot.MorethanyouorIdo."Theclerksaid."Hiswife15

eachpaintingsohecanseeitinhis16

I17somethingaboutpatience,courageandlovethatday.Isawtheofayoungwife

describingpaintingstoapersonwithout19andthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnotallow

blindnesstochangehislife.AndIsawthelove2QbytwopeopleasIwatchedthiscouplewalkaway

handinhand.

1.A.continuouslyB.secretlyC.silentlyD.carefully

2.A.saidB.warnedC.decidedD.appreciated

3.A.hatedB.admiredC.ignoredD.expected

4.A.DelightedB.SatisfiedC.MovedD.Annoyed

5.A.metB.quarreledC.observedD.compared

6.A.softB.constantC.brokenD.weak

7.A.takingB.bringingC.producingD.making

8.A.glaredB.staredC.noticedD.glanced

9.A.tappedB.feltC.forcedD.kept

10.A.patientB.unluckyC.braveD.clever

11.A.dyingB.blindedC.deafD.wordless

12.A.improveB.endC.completeD.change

13.A.playB.artC.architectureD.car

14.A.wiseB.foolishC.intelligentD.wrong

15.A.paintsB.buysC.admiresD.describes

16.A.spiritsB.earsC.headD.soul

17.A.learnedB.toldC.judgedD.considered

18.A.braveryB.patienceC.politenessD.coldness

19.A.hearingB.sightC.complaintD.delay

20.A.shownB.valuedC.sharedD.received

答案：LA2.C3.B4.D5.A6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C11.B12.D13.B14.D

15.D16.C17.A18.B19.B20.C

四、閱讀理解

TothewestandofftheEuropeanContinent,thereareseveralthousandsofislandsontheContinental

shelR大陸架）.TheyaregenerallycalledtheBritishIsles.Ofalltheseisles,thelargestoneiscalledGreat

Britain.Forconvenience,itisoftenshortenedtoBritain.StilltothewestofGreatBritainisthesecond

largestislandknownasIreland.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland（UK）ismade

upofGreatBritain,NorthernIreland,andanumberofsmallerislandsaroundthem.Thetotalareaofthe

countryissome240,000squarekilometerswithapopulationofabout57million.

GreatBritainrunsnearly1,000kilometersfromsouthtonorthandextends,atthewidestpart,about

500kilometersfromwesttoeast.Itsareaissome230,000squarekilometers.GreatBritainistraditionally

dividedintothreeparts,orcountries:Englandinthesouth,Scotlandinthenorth,andWalesinthe

southwest.Therearediscernible（可辨另！J的）differencesbetweenthemevennow.

Englandisthelargestandmostdevelopedofallthethree.Itsarea,about130,000squarekilometers,

takesupnearly60%ofthewholeisland.Itspopulationismorethan46millionwhichmakesup85%ofthe

country'swholepopulation.TheimportanceofEnglandissogreatinBritainthatsomeforeignersjustsay

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“England“whentheymeanBritain.ThesameistrueofthecustomofspeakingoftheBritishpeopleasthe

EnglishwhoarethemajorityintheUnitedKingdom.

Scotlandisthesecondlargestbothinareaandpopulation.Ithasanareaofabout78,760square

kilometers,lessthan30%ofthewholeisland,withapopulationof5million,lessthanone-tenthofthe

wholepopulation.

Walesisthesmallestofthethreebothinareaandpopulation.Inarea,20,700squarekilometers,

makesuplessthan9%whileitspopulation,2.7million,doesnotexceed（超過）5%ofthewhole.

1.TheBritishIslesismadeupof.

A.theEuropeanContinentandGreatBritain

B.theU.K.andtheRepublicofIreland

C.England,ScotlandandWales

D.severalthousandsofislandstothewestandofftheEuropeanContinent

2.WhichofthefollowingfiguresshowsthecorrectpositionofGreatBritain?

3.FromthethirdparagraphwecaninferthatGreatBritainhasapopulationofaboutmillion.

A.54B.46C.60D.57

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.EnglandissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

B.EnglandissixtimeslargerthanScotlandinarea.

C.ScotlandissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

D.GreatBritainissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

答案：l.D2.B3.A4.A

Severalyearsago,atelevisionreporterwa