Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．secrecyn．保密，秘密狀態(tài)2．shavingn．刮胡子3．flushv．(使)發(fā)紅4．plumn．李子；梅子5．faintlyadv.微弱地；模糊地6．disposev．排列，布置7．sparklen．閃耀，閃光8．reddenv．(使)變紅9．glaren．刺眼的強(qiáng)光10．flaken．小薄片11．weathercockn．(公雞形)風(fēng)標(biāo)12．churchn．教堂13．rhymen．兒歌，童謠14．a(chǎn)labastern．雪花石膏15．goosen．鵝16．feathern．羽毛17．bloomv．開花18．bleakadj.陰冷的；陰郁的19．fadev．逐漸消失；褪色20．orchardn．果園21．clustern．串，叢，簇22．wheatn．小麥23．pilev．堆放，摞起24．tingev．著淡色于……25．wagonn．四輪運(yùn)貨車26．reapv．收割(莊稼)27．backyardn．后院28．moribundadj.垂死的，奄奄一息的29．tremblev．顫抖，發(fā)抖30．throbv．生機(jī)勃勃；熱鬧31．chorusn．合唱曲32．robinn．知更鳥33．catbirdn．貓鵲34．doven．鴿子35．jayn．松鴉36．wrenn．鷦鷯(一種褐色小鳥)37．marshn．沼澤，濕地38．fablen．寓言39．a(chǎn)lertv．提醒，使(某人)意識到40．knowinglyadv.故意地41．gypsymoth舞毒蛾42．posthumousadj.死后獲得的43．marineadj.海洋的44．diamondn．鉆石Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．insistv．堅稱，堅決認(rèn)為2．prospectn．開闊的景觀，景色3．enhancev．改進(jìn)；增強(qiáng)4．sweepv．吹過，掠過5．banv．禁止，取締6．dozennumber一打；許多7．thoroughadj.仔細(xì)的；縝密的8．preciseadj.精確的；一絲不茍的9．launchn．推出，發(fā)起10．reputationn．名譽(yù)，名望Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．weeklyadj.一周一次的，每周的→weekn．星期，一周2．inspectorn．檢查員，巡視員→inspectv．檢查，巡視→inspectionn．檢查；查看；視察3．bendv．變彎曲→bentadj.彎曲的4．innocentadj.天真無邪的→innocencen．天真無邪；無辜5．charmn．魅力，魔力→charmingadj.迷人的6．gentleadj.輕柔的；溫和的→gentlyadv.輕柔地；溫和地7．puzzledadj.困惑的，無法理解的→puzzlen．謎；不解之謎v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的8．elegancen．優(yōu)美；簡潔→elegantadj.優(yōu)美的，優(yōu)雅的；簡練的，簡潔的→elegantlyadv.優(yōu)雅地9．passionateadj.具有強(qiáng)烈信念的→passionn．強(qiáng)烈情感；激情1．diligence/'dIlId??ns/n．勤奮；用功→diligent/'dIlId??nt/adj.勤勉的；刻苦的2．deputy/'depjuti/n．副手；代理(人)3．confer/k?n'f??(r)/vi.&vt.協(xié)商；交換意見；授予4．hindrance/'hIndr?ns/n．造成妨礙的人(或事物)；阻礙5．tiptoe/'tIpt??/n．腳尖vi.踮著腳走；躡手躡腳地走ontiptoe踮著腳；躡手躡腳6．forsth’ssake為某事本身的緣故；鑒于某事本身的價值7．excessively/Ik'sesIvli/adv.過于；過多地→excessive/Ik'sesIv/adj.過度的；過多的8．a(chǎn)llround/???l'ra?nd/adj.全面的；全能的；多才多藝的9．consolidation/k?n?s?lI'deI?n/n．鞏固；加強(qiáng)→consolidate/k?n's?lIdeIt/vt.&vi.使加強(qiáng)；使鞏固10．deprive/dI'praIv/vt.剝奪；使喪失；使不能享有→deprivation/?deprI'veI?n/n．貧困；喪失；剝奪deprive...ofsth剝奪；使喪失；使不能享有Ⅳ.背核心短語1．talkaway喋喋不休，不斷地說2．earound/round短暫訪問3．breakout爆發(fā)4．a(chǎn)lertsbtosth提醒，使某人意識到某事5．causeharmto對……造成危害6．urgesbtodosth督促某人做某事7．beeatargetfor成為……的目標(biāo)8．standby堅持，信守(原有的決定、承諾或宣言)；支持9．a(chǎn)ttheriskof冒著……的危險10．dozensof幾十；很多11．regard...as...把……視為；把……當(dāng)作12．ratherthan而不是Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Thefactis，however，thatthesnowwasasstrangeandfascinatingtomeasitwastothem.(that引導(dǎo)表語從句)事實上，這場雪于我而言，也是同樣的奇異，同樣的迷人。2．Thenthesuncameout，andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.(bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)接著太陽出來了，等到我坐下來吃早餐時，太陽的光彩已是絢爛奪目，給雪地添了一抹柔和的粉紅色。3．Thisisnotsomuchbecauseofthequalityofherarguments，strongthoughtheyare，butbecauseofthebeautyandeleganceofherwriting.(not...but...)這并不都是因為她書中高質(zhì)量的論點(diǎn)是多么強(qiáng)有力，而是因為她美麗和高雅的文筆讓讀者喜歡。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共12分)1．disposev．排列，布置2．bloomv．開花3．fadev．逐漸消失；褪色4．reapv．收割(莊稼)5．tremblev．顫抖，發(fā)抖6．fablen．寓言7．a(chǎn)lertv．提醒，使(某人)意識到8．reddenv．(使)變紅9．glaren．刺眼的強(qiáng)光10．flushv．(使)發(fā)紅11．pilev．堆放，摞起12．sparklen．閃耀，閃光Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題2分，共16分)1．banv．禁止，取締2．thoroughadj.仔細(xì)的；縝密的3．launchn．推出，發(fā)起4．reputationn．名譽(yù)，名望5．insistv．堅稱，堅決認(rèn)為6．enhancev．改進(jìn)；增強(qiáng)7．preciseadj.精確的；一絲不茍的8．dozennumber一打；許多Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2.5分，共15分)1．weeklyadj.一周一次的，每周的→weekn．星期，一周2．inspectorn．檢查員，巡視員→inspectv．檢查，巡視→inspectionn．檢查；查看；視察3．bendv．變彎曲→bentadj.彎曲的4．innocentadj.天真無邪的→innocencen．天真無邪；無辜5．puzzledadj.困惑的，無法理解的→puzzlen．謎；不解之謎v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的6．elegancen．優(yōu)美；簡潔→elegantadj.優(yōu)美的，優(yōu)雅的；簡練的，簡潔的→elegantlyadv.優(yōu)雅地Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．diligencen．勤奮；用功→diligentadj.勤勉的；刻苦的2．tiptoen．腳尖vi.踮著腳走；躡手躡腳地走3．forsth’ssake為某事本身的緣故；鑒于某事本身的價值4．a(chǎn)llroundadj.全面的；全能的；多才多藝的5．deprive...ofsth剝奪；使喪失；使不能享有Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共10分)1．talkaway喋喋不休，不斷地說2．a(chǎn)lertsbtosth提醒，使某人意識到某事3．urgesbtodosth督促某人做某事4．beeatargetfor成為……的目標(biāo)5．a(chǎn)ttheriskof冒著……的危險Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題3分，共15分)1．Alltheproofprovedhisinnocence，sothelawyercancertainlyprovethatheisinnocent.(innocence)2．Thepuzzlingproblemhaspuzzledmeinthepastfewdays，sowearingapuzzledlookonmyface，Irequestedmypassionateteachertohelpsolveit.(puzzle)3．Heisamanwhoispassionateaboutmusicandhispassionisthemotivationforhismusicalcareer.(passion)4．Hischarmingpersonalityliesinasimplefactthatheneverhesitatestohelpothers.Hischarmisundeniable.(charm)5．Tomakehimlessnervous，Igentlypattedhimontheshoulderandgavehimagentlesmile.(gentle)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(breakout，causeharmto，standby，dozensof，ratherthan)1．Thishurricanecausedharmtothisdistrictandpeopletheresufferedalot.2．Thereisnodoubtthatdozensofpeoplewillbeinfavorofthenewpolicy.3．Itwasinanightclubthatafirebrokeout，whichmadetheownerbreakdown.4．Mostofthescientistsdothejoboutoftheirpassionforscienceratherthanmoney.5．Yourfriendswillneverletyoudownandwillstronglystandbyyouwhenyouneedencouragement.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題4分，共12分)1．我偏好長江之行的原因在于沿江的風(fēng)景令人驚詫。(that引導(dǎo)表語從句)ThereasonwhyIpreferthetripalongtheYangtzeRiveristhatthesceneryalongtheriverisamazing.2．他少年時就已被譽(yù)為一名出色的年輕音樂家。(bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句)Bythetimehewasateenager，hehadalreadyenjoyedareputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.3．那些需要幫助的人想要的不是你的同情，而是你的幫助。(not...but...)Whatthosepeopleinneedwanttogetisnotyourpitybutyourhelp.Knownasaninspector，Mikeinsistedthatheshouldmakeaweeklyexaminationontheproductionprocedureofthefactory1.carefully(careful)．Onemorning，hegotup，washed，shavedandthenhewentout2.towork(work)．Suddenly，therewassomethingonthegroundsohe3.bent(bend)downandfoundsomefeathersofgoose.Inthe4.distance(distant)，heheardtherhymebeingsungfromthechurch.What5.aprospect！Hesighedandcontinuedhiswaytohispany.Therehesawsomecleanerssweepingthegroundthoroughlyandseveralworkerswerebusy6.unloading(unload)somepilesofwheatfromthewagon.Hewas7.puzzled(puzzle)；therefore，hequestionedthem8.whattheyweredoinginagentlevoice.Theworkersansweredinatremblingvoicethattheydidnothingwrong.However，Mikewasalertedtothatandhefounddozensoffaultsinwhattheyhadsaid.Hethought9.ithisdutytoprotectthereputationofthepanyandavoidany10.mistakes(mistake)thatwouldhappen.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯insistv．堅稱，堅決認(rèn)為·insist作“堅決要求；堅持主張”講時，后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“(should＋)do”；作“堅持說；堅持認(rèn)為”講時，其后的從句用陳述語氣?！nsiston/upon(sb/sb’s)(doing)sth堅持要求(某人)(做)某事insiston(doing)sth堅持(做)某事(1)Thedoctorinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperated(operate)onimmediately.(2)(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)老師直視著我的眼睛，補(bǔ)充說：“只有堅持寫作，你才能在寫作上取得很大進(jìn)步?！雹貺ookingatmestraightintheeye，myteacheradded，“Youcanmakegreatprogressinwritingonlyifyouinsistonwriting.”②Lookingatmestraightintheeye，myteacheradded，“Onlyifyouinsistonwritingcanyoumakegreatprogressinwriting.”(用倒裝句改寫)banvt.明令禁止；取締n．禁令·bansbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事·abanon針對……的禁令·近義短語：prohibit/forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事(1)Whalesareprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling.(2)(2022·浙江6月，應(yīng)用文寫作)為了創(chuàng)建更干凈的自習(xí)室環(huán)境，禁止每個人亂扔垃圾。Tocreatecleanersurroundingsintheselfstudyroom，everyoneisbanned/prohibitedfromlitteringeverywhere/everyoneisforbiddenfromlittering/tolittereverywhere.regard...as...把……視為；把……當(dāng)作(regardn．注意，關(guān)注；關(guān)心；問候vt.將……認(rèn)為；看待regardlessadv.不管不顧地)·with/inregardto關(guān)于giveone’sregardstosb代某人向某人問候·regardlessof不管；不顧(側(cè)重指不計后果和代價)(1)Ifyouseeyourgentleuncle，givehimmyregards(regard)．(2)不顧巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，阿里(Ali)把跑步比賽當(dāng)成一次為妹妹贏得一雙新鞋的機(jī)會。盡管在比賽中意外摔倒，阿里還是跳了起來，沖向終點(diǎn)線。至于結(jié)果，阿里贏得了三等獎，獲得了新鞋，像鳥兒一樣飛奔回家。Regardlessofgreatchallenges，Aliregardedtherunningraceasanopportunitytowinanewpairofshoesforhissister.Despiteanunexpectedfallduringtherace，Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.With/Inregardtotheresult，Aliwonthirdprize，gotthenewshoes，andflewtohishomelikeabird.bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句Thenthesuncameout，andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.接著太陽出來了，等到我坐下來吃早餐時，太陽的光彩已是絢爛奪目，給雪地添了一抹柔和的粉紅色。bythetime＋從句(一般過去時)，主句時態(tài)為過去完成時。bythetime＋從句(一般現(xiàn)在時)，主句時態(tài)為一般將來時或?qū)硗瓿蓵r。bytheendof＋過去時間，句子時態(tài)為過去完成時。bytheendof＋將來時間，句子時態(tài)為將來完成時。(1)Bythetimethisletterreachesyou，Iwillhaveleft(leave)thecountry.(2)Bythetimethedoctorarrivedatthespot，thepatienthaddied(die)．(3)Hehadfinished(finish)readingAesop’sFablesbytheendoflastyear.(4)Nextyearhewillbe22andhewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.＝Bythetimeheis22，hewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.(用bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句改寫)提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．launcheq\x(A.推出，發(fā)布新產(chǎn)品B.發(fā)射C.發(fā)動)(1)NASAplanstolaunchasatellitetostudycosmicrays.B(2)Hewaspoisinghimselftolaunchafinalattack.C(3)ThenewmodelwillbelaunchedinJuly.A2．standbyeq\x(A.做好準(zhǔn)備B.袖手旁觀C.遵守諾言、協(xié)議等)(1)Hewouldnotstandbyandlethispetprojectbekilledoff.B(2)Thetroopsarestandingbyandwillnotwithdraw.A(3)Weshouldstandbyourpromisesunderanycircumstances.C3．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Heindicatedthedoorwithasweepofhisarm.揮動，舞動(手、臂等)(2)Suddenlyhefoundhimselfawakeandfullyalert.警覺的Ⅱ.核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識1．John，ratherthanhisroommates，is(be)toblameforthepollutionofthepond.2．Thatwasreallyapuzzlingproblem；nowonderthearchitectlookedpuzzled.(puzzle)3．Andwithatrembling(tremble)hand，hedroppedthelettersintothepostbox.4.Superbnewscamethatdozensofvolunteershadbeenassignedtodisposeofthegarbageinthewaterfront.5．Althoughrejected，Jamesinsistedonheading(head)forthemanager’sofficetoexplainwhathadhappened.6．Ireckonthatchildrenshouldn’tbebannedfrombeingexposed(expose)tonature，whichtheywilltakeinspirationfrom.7．Bothofusarepassionate(passion)aboutbotanicalconceptsandlearningthemcanbringusasenseoffulfilment.8．Recentlyacampaignhasbeenlaunched(launch)byphysicianstoraisepeople’sawarenessofphysicalandmentalhealth.假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Mike一直想來中國旅游，請你寫信向他推薦一個旅游景點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦景點(diǎn)；2.提供幫助；3.表達(dá)祝愿。完成句子1．得知你一直盼望著來中國旅游，我非常高興。(morethan)2．我寫這封信是為了向你推薦四川，它被認(rèn)為是一個旅游景點(diǎn)豐富的必去之地。(regard...as；過去分詞短語作定語)3．我堅持認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該去九寨溝看看，那里以美麗清澈的湖泊和建于2000多年前的都江堰水利工程而聞名。(insist；定語從句)4．當(dāng)你來中國的時候，我會盡我所能幫助你的旅行。(bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)5．如果你對任何事情感到困惑，請毫不猶豫地與我聯(lián)系。(bepuzzledat)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文DearMike，Howiseverythinggoing？IammorethangladtolearnthatyouhavebeenlookingforwardtotravelingtoChina.Asaconsequence，IamwritingtoremendSichuanProvinceregardedasamustseeplacerichintouristattractions.IinsistthatyoushouldvisitJiuzhaigouwhichisfamousforitsbeautifulandclearlakesandtheDujiangyanIrrigationProjectwhichwasbuiltover2,000yearsago.Bothofthetwoplacesofinterestaresowellpreservedthatyoucanhaveafeastforyoureyes.Inaddition，bythetimeyouetoChina，IwilldowhateverIcantohelpwithyourtrip.Ifyouarepuzzledatanything，pleasecontactmewithouthesitation.Iwishyouallthebestonyourupingadventure，andItrulyhopeyouenjoyyourvisittoChina.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yourssincerely，LiHua教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]glare；innocent；gentle；puzzled；tremble；passionate[環(huán)境描寫]sparkle；prospect；redden；flake；bend；bloom；charm；bleak；fade；cluster；sweep；tinge；throb；marine美句1.Iwasnearlyasexcitedaboutitthismorningasthechildren，whomIfoundalllookingthroughthewindowatthemagicoutsideandtalkingawayasexcitedlyasifChristmashadsuddenlyeroundagain.(情感描寫)2．Butthesnowisfallingheavily，ingreatsoftflakes，sothatyoucanhardlyseeacrosstheshallowvalley，andtheroofsarethickandthetreesallbending，andtheweathercockofthevillagechurch，stilltobeseenthroughthegreyloadedair，hasbeesomecreatureoutofHansAndersen.(環(huán)境描寫)3．Manypeoplespokeofthem，puzzledanddisturbed.(情感描寫)拓展語料積累日、月、星等自然環(huán)境描寫句型日、月Thebeachwasbathedintheamberlikesunshine.海灘沐浴在琥珀般的陽光下。Onthetopofthemountaintouristscanenjoythebeautifulsunrise，whichislikearedface，withtheireyessparklingwithexcitement.在山頂上，游客可以欣賞到美麗的日出，日出就像一張紅撲撲的臉，他們的眼睛里閃爍著興奮的光芒。ThestrongsunonmyblackhairwouldburnmeinminutesifIcouldn’tfindshelter.如果我找不到遮蔽，強(qiáng)烈的陽光照在我的黑發(fā)上，幾分鐘內(nèi)就會把我曬傷。Throughasmallwindow，afaintgleamappeared.Onebyonethestarswentout.Theskylightened.透過一扇小窗戶，一束微弱的光線照了進(jìn)來。星星一顆接一顆地熄滅了。天空變亮了。星星Theskywasdottedwithsparklingstars.閃閃發(fā)光的星星點(diǎn)綴著天空。Shestaredatthestarrysky，lostinthought.她凝視著繁星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的天空，陷入了沉思。Thesky，midnightblue，gavethesceneofafairytalequality，andthestarsthatdottedtheskylitupthenight.深藍(lán)色的天空給人一種童話般的感覺，其間點(diǎn)綴著的星星照亮了夜空。風(fēng)Theicywindstartedhowling，cuttingmyfacelikeasharpknife.寒風(fēng)開始呼嘯，像一把鋒利的刀劃破我的臉。Shehatedthewindwhichrushedatherfaceandroaredandheldherbackasifitweresomegiantshecouldnotsee.她討厭迎面撲來的怒吼著攔住她的風(fēng)，那風(fēng)就好似一個她看不見的巨人。雨Therainwasdowninbuckets./Itrainedcatsanddogs.大雨傾盆。Thedreadfulrainwasbeatingwildlyagainstthewindows.可怕的雨猛烈地拍打著窗戶。雪Thepurefeatherysnowflakesweredancinggracefullyintheair.潔白如羽毛的雪花在空中翩翩起舞。Snowblanketedeveryrooftopandweighedonthebranchesofoldtrees.雪覆蓋了每一個屋頂，壓在老樹枝上。It’sdarknowandthesnowisstillfalling，clumpsofwetflakesdriftingmindlesslydown，theairmoist，thesidewalkmushyunderfoot.現(xiàn)在天黑了，雪還在下，一團(tuán)團(tuán)的雪花隨風(fēng)飄落，空氣潮濕，人行道泥濘不堪。天空Theairwasthickandstill，likewewereinsideacloud.空氣沉悶，就像我們在云里似的。Darkcloudsmassedonthehorizon.天邊烏云密布。語料運(yùn)用泰山之美MountTai，amountainofhistoricalandculturalsignificance，islocatedinthenorthofthecityofTai’aninShandongProvince，China.MountTai，oneofthe“FiveGreatMountains”，isoftenregardedastheforemostofthefive.①PassionatevisitorsareamazedatthepicturesquesceneryofMountTai.②Onthetopofthemountaintouristscanenjoythebeautifulsunrise，whichislikearedface，withtheireyessparklingwithexcitement(比喻句；with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))．Thesunchangesfromredtobrightredandthentogolden.③Thewholemountainisbathedinthegoldensunlight.泰山位于中國山東省泰安市北部，是一座具有歷史和文化意義的山。泰山是“五岳”之一，常被認(rèn)為是五岳之首。熱情的游客驚嘆于泰山如畫的景色。在山頂上，游客可以欣賞到美麗的日出，日出就像一張紅撲撲的臉，他們的眼睛里閃爍著興奮的光芒。太陽從紅色變成亮紅色，然后變成金色。整座山都沐浴在金色的陽光下。高考題型組合練36提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關(guān)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAtallhoursoftheday，whiteapronedbakersoccupythemselvesinworkingintheHotBreadKitchen，throwingflouracrossbutcherblocktables，fillingmetaltrayswithhandshapedbread，andshiftingsteaming，freshbreadtocoolingshelves.TheonlybodiesatrestinthisNewYorkCitybakeryarepanswithbread，waitingtobesentintotheoven.Theskilledbakersturnoutaround25varietiesrangingfromclassicFrenchbaguettestocrispArmenianlavashcrackerswhichtheysellatfarmers’marketsandgourmetstores.ButHotBreadKitchenismorethanabakery.It’sanonprofitdesignedtogiveforeignbornwomentheskillsandsupporttheyneedtoestablishcareersintheculinaryarts.Overseeingdailyoperationoftheplaceandoftenrollingupherownshirtsleevestoinvolveinis35yearoldfounderandCEOJessamynRodriguez.Bymixingherlifelongpassionforsocietywithgreatfood，Rodriguezsaysshehascreatedherdreamjob.In2008，RodriguezlaunchedthebakeryinthesmallBrooklynapartmentshesharedwithroommates，hiringtwoimmigrantwomenasherfirstbakers.“Iwasdefinitelybreakingnewground，andwefacedalotofskeptics，”shesaysofthoseearlydays.“Butforeverypersonwhoquestionedit，therewerefivepeoplewhowereinterestedinsupportingus.”Today，HotBreadKitchenemploysastaffof35andoccupiesanearly5,000squarefootspaceinLaMarqueta，apublicmarketinEastHarlem.ThewomenwhobakeandpackageHotBreadKitchen’sofferingsrangeinagefrom21to60ingfromlandssuchasHaiti，Nepal，andtheDominicanRepublic，somehavelivedintheU．S.foraslittleasayear.Others，includingproductionmanagerAntoniaGarcia，whoisoriginallyfromMexico，havecalledAmericahomeformorethanadecade.Thesewomen’sdiversehomelandsarereflectedinmanyofthebakery’sproducts，likeheritagetortillasandthewildlypopularm’smen，abutterybread.TheprogramhasfarsurpassedRodriguez’soriginalhopes.Sinceitshumblebeginnings，HotBreadKitchenhastrained27womenfrom12countries.Theyreceivepaid，onthejobexperience，aswellascoursesinbakerysciences，andEnglishaspartofayearlongtrainingprogram.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了JessamynRodriguez建立了非營利組織HotBreadKitchen來為移民女性提供職業(yè)機(jī)會，并介紹了這一組織的一些特點(diǎn)。1．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Constantactivityofskilledworkers.B．Varietiesoffreshbakedgoods.C．Manydifferenttypesofequipmentusedinbakeries.D．Difficultworkingconditionsofbakeryemployees.答案A解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Atallhoursoftheday，whiteapronedbakersoccupythemselvesinworking...throwingflouracrossbutcherblocktables，fillingmetaltrayswithhandshapedbread，andshiftingsteaming...”可知，第一段主要講了熟練工人的持續(xù)活動。故選A。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJessamynRodriguez?A．Adventurousandmodest.B．Ambitiousandgifted.C．Hardworkingandcourageous.D．Devotedbutstubborn.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Overseeingdailyoperationoftheplaceandoftenrollingupherownshirtsleevestoinvolveinis35yearoldfounderandCEOJessamynRodriguez.”以及第三段中的“‘Iwasdefinitelybreakingnewground，andwefacedalotofskeptics，’shesaysofthoseearlydays.”可推知，JessamynRodriguez勤奮且勇敢。故選C。3．HowdoestheauthorestablishthediversityofHotBreadKitchen?A．Bydescribingthecoursesofferedtoemployees.B．Byintroducingthebackgroundsoftheemployees.C．Bydescribingthebakery’slocationatLaMarqueta.D．Byintroducingthebakery’sdevelopmentsince2008.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ThewomenwhobakeandpackageHotBreadKitchen’sofferingsrangeinagefrom21to60ingfromlandssuchas...Thesewomen’sdiversehomelandsarereflectedinmanyofthebakery’sproducts，like...”可知，作者通過介紹員工的不同背景來建立HotBreadKitchen的多樣性。故選B。4．Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A．Employeesfromdiversehomelandsproducevariousproducts.B．ThehardworkingwomenhavehelpedHotBreadKitchendevelopquickly.C．RodriguezbecameasuccessfulbakerafterestablishingHotBreadKitchen.D．HotBreadKitchenprovidesprofessionalopportunitiesforimmigrantwomen.答案D解析主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段“ButHotBreadKitchenismorethanabakery.It’sanonprofitdesignedtogiveforeignbornwomentheskillsandsupporttheyneedtoestablishcareersintheculinaryarts.”可知，這篇文章的主旨是HotBreadKitchen為移民女性提供職業(yè)機(jī)會。故選D。B(★)ThesoundsoftheNorthernLightshavebeenamysterytoscientistsforoveracentury.Butnowitseemsthataresearcherhasfiguredouthowauroras(極光)reallymakesounds.“Ithasprettymuchbeenconfirmedallovertheworld，”historianFionaAmerysaid.“InCanada，NorwayandRussia，theyareallhearingverymuchthesamesounds.”“Theaurorascanoccurhundredsofkilometersabovetheground，whichstrengthensopinionsthattheirsoundsarejustafalseimpression，”saidFiona.Manyscientistsarguedthataurorasweretoofarawaytohearandthatanysoundwouldtakeseveralminutestoreachtheground，soitwasimpossibleforthemtochangeintimewiththeauroras.However，otherscientistswereconvincedthattheNorthernLightsreallymadesounds.Inthe1920s，CanadianastronomerClarenceChantfirstsuggestedamechanismbywhichtheycouldoccur：Themotionoftheauroracausedchangesintheelectrificationoftheatmospherethatcreatedcracklingsoundsclosetotheground.Almost100yearslater，Clarence’ssuggestionseemsclosetowhatcouldbethetruereasonforthesounds.In2012，anexpertnamedUntoLaineshowedarecordingofauroralsoundsafteryearsofmonitoringauroras.In2016，heannouncedthemechanismthatmakesthesounds：aninversionlayer(逆溫層)ofcoldairintheatmospherethatcanformbelowanauroraandashortdistanceabovethegroundincalmweather.Untoarguesthatvisiblechangesintheauroracausechangesintheinversionlayer，causingaccumulatedelectricitytodischargeassparks(火花)thatcreatesoundsthatcanbeheard.Thatexplainshowthesoundscorrespondwiththeaurora’svisiblemovements—theybegintohappenintheinversionlayeronlyabout75metersabovetheobserver.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。北極光是否會發(fā)聲對科學(xué)家來說一直是個謎，但現(xiàn)在有研究證實了北極光是能夠發(fā)聲的。5．WhatistheprimarysubjectofFiona’sstatementinparagraph2?A．TheexistenceofthesoundsoftheNorthernLights.B．TheneedtomakefulluseoftheNorthernLights.C．TheproblemscausedbytheNorthernLights.D．ThecauseoftheNorthernLights.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“‘Ithasprettymuchbeenconfirmedallovertheworld...allhearingverymuchthesamesounds.’”可推知，第二段中Fiona所說的話主要表明北極光的聲音是存在的。故選A。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutClarence’ssuggestioninthe1920s?A．Itmatchedalotofoldideas.B．Itwaswellrecognizedthen.C．Itmightbeofgreatvalue.D．Itwasatotalfailure.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“Almost100yearslater，Clarence’ssuggestionseemsclosetowhatcouldbethetruereasonforthesounds.”可知，他在20世紀(jì)20年代提出的推測似乎接近極光產(chǎn)生聲音的真正原因，所以它有很大的價值。故選C。7．Howdoestheauthorconveyhisideainthetext?A．Bylistingresearchnumbers.B．Bymakingparisons.C．Byprovidingexplanations.D．Bygivingexamples.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段、文章第四段“Inthe1920s，CanadianastronomerClarenceChantfirstsuggested...”和文章倒數(shù)第二段“In2012，anexpertnamedUntoLaineshowedarecordingofauroralsounds...”可知，文章列舉了FionaAmery、ClarenceChant等人對北極光發(fā)聲問題的研究，所以作者是通過舉例的方法來表達(dá)他的觀點(diǎn)的。故選D。8．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．CanWeEnjoytheNorthernLights?B．DotheNorthernLightsMakeSounds?C．WhyShouldWeStudytheNorthernLights?D．HowDotheNorthernLightseintoBeing?答案B解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文并結(jié)合文章第一段“ThesoundsoftheNorthernLightshavebeenamystery...aresearcherhasfiguredouthowauroras(極光)reallymakesounds.”可知，文章主要是圍繞對“北極光的聲音”這一謎團(tuán)的研究展開。故B選項是最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空ChickfilAisknownfortheirincrediblecustomerservice.Buttherestaurantsoftenfindspecialwaysto1intimesofcrisis，too.AndthisNorthCarolinaChickfilAhelpedHurricaneFlorencerelief2byopeningitsdoorsonSunday.You’llalwayshear“Mypleasure”fromChickfilA3whentheyserveyou.AndtheWilmington，NorthCarolinaChickfilA，ownedbyDonovanandNikkiCarless，wasquicktoservelocalsonSundayafterHurricaneFlorenceleftthousandsofpeople4.Bythen，thehurricanehadalready5thelivesof43people.Rescuemissions6around5,000peoplefromdangerousconditions.AndtheGovernorofNorthCarolina，RoyCooper，announcedthatfloodwaterswerestilla(n)7tothestate.Withthisinmind，therestaurantownersaskedtheiremployeeswhowouldbe8toservefoodonSunday.It’sadaythepanyusuallycloses.ButonthisparticularSunday，thedoorsopenedandservedthemiserable9.AccordingtoABCNews11，theteam10theopportunitytohelp.11theRedCross，theteamwasabletogive500sandwichesand1,200biscuitsatthreedifferent12.Otherfastfoodchainsalso13inrescuework.Andthisis14whatmunityisallabout.Intimeslikethese，it’salways15toseebusinessesputtheirbottomdollarasideandinsteadlooktoseehowtheycangiveback.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了快餐連鎖店Chick-fil-A在周日開門幫助救援在颶風(fēng)“佛羅倫薩”中受災(zāi)的災(zāi)民的故事。1．A.remain B．respondC．reflect D．refresh答案B解析根據(jù)下文“AndthisNorthCarolinaChickfilAhelpedHurricaneFlorencereliefbyopeningitsdoorsonSunday.”可知，ChickfilA在危難開頭也經(jīng)常能找到特殊的方法作出反應(yīng)。故選B。2．A.effort B．fundC．supplies D．staff答案A解析根據(jù)下文“servelocalsonSundayafterHurricaneFlorence...”可知，ChickfilA周日開門營業(yè)，幫助佛羅倫薩颶風(fēng)后的救援工作。reliefeffort指的是救援工作。故選A。3．A.leaders B．residentsC．colleagues D．employees答案D解析根據(jù)下文“whentheyserveyou”可知，此處指的是ChickfilA的雇員。故選D。4．A.motionless B．fearlessC．homeless D．speechless答案C解析根據(jù)常識可知，此處指颶風(fēng)使成千上萬人無家可歸。故選C。5．A.claimed B．lostC．confirmed D．dominated答案A解析claim(災(zāi)難﹑事故等)奪去(生命)；lose丟失；confirm證實；dominate支配，控制。根據(jù)句中“thelivesof43people”可知，此處指颶風(fēng)奪走了43人的生命。故選A。6．A.hid B．separatedC．recovered D．distinguished答案C解析根據(jù)句中“fromdangerousconditions”可知，此處指將大約5000人從危險的環(huán)境中救出。recover指“找回；尋回；找到”，符合語境。故選C。7．A.warning B．threatC．reminder D．interruption答案B解析根據(jù)下文“Withthisinmind，therestaurantownersaskedtheiremployeeswhowouldbetoservefoodonSunday.”可推知，洪水對該州來說仍然是威脅。故選B。8．A.proud B．reliableC．curious D．willing答案D解析根據(jù)下文“It’sadaythepanyusuallycloses.”可推知，此處指餐館老板詢問了誰愿意在周日來餐廳為難民提供食物。故選D。9．A.victims B．villagersC．rescuers D．a(chǎn)ttackers答案A解析根據(jù)常識可知，在災(zāi)難面前，人們是受害者。故選A。10．A.openedup B．waitedforC．benefitedfrom D．jumpedat答案D解析openup開放；waitfor等待；benefitfrom從……中受益；jumpat欣然接受。根據(jù)上文可知，餐館老板詢問了誰愿意在周日來餐廳為難民提供食物，此處指員工們欣然接受了這個提供幫助的機(jī)會。故選D。11．A.Inmandof B．InrewardforC．Inassociationwith D．Incontrastto答案C解析inmandof指揮；inrewardfor作為報答；inassociationwith聯(lián)合；incontrastto與……對比。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指該團(tuán)隊與紅十字會聯(lián)合。故選C。12．Apanies B．habitatsC．shelters D．settlements答案C解析結(jié)合上文提到颶風(fēng)“佛羅倫薩”導(dǎo)致數(shù)千人無家可歸可知，該團(tuán)隊和紅十字會聯(lián)合，在三個不同的避難處提供三明治和餅干。故選C。13．A.engaged B．delightedC．succeeded D．invested答案A解析根據(jù)als