-2024學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)【精準(zhǔn)輔導(dǎo)】學(xué)練測(cè)Unit4AdversityandCourage目錄一單元重點(diǎn)詞匯講解突出重難點(diǎn)，點(diǎn)撥引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題二單元重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)（漢譯英）精準(zhǔn)掌握單元重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)三單句語(yǔ)法填空精準(zhǔn)掌握語(yǔ)法用法四課文經(jīng)典回顧課本知識(shí)語(yǔ)法填空自測(cè)五閱讀理解提升閱讀的理解能力六七選五提升推理判斷能力，對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力和還原信息、完形短文的能力七完形填空提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的綜合能力八語(yǔ)法填空提升邏輯判斷、分析理解能力九單元重點(diǎn)句式訓(xùn)練經(jīng)典句型，提高寫(xiě)作水平十學(xué)習(xí)背誦范文給美國(guó)朋友回信推薦一本適合的中文書(shū)十一書(shū)面表達(dá)一．單元重點(diǎn)詞匯講解1.【詞匯拓展】_________adj.熱情的；熱心的→_________adv.熱心地；滿腔熱情地→_________n.熱情；積極性【常用搭配】beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth對(duì)(做)某事有熱情arouse/excite/inspiresb’senthusiasmforsth激起某人對(duì)……的熱情showgreatenthusiasmforsth對(duì)……表現(xiàn)出極大熱情withenthusiasm懷著熱情地……befullofenthusiasm充滿熱情【即學(xué)即練】1.He’salwaysbeenveryenthusiastic________sports.2.Today,Iamjustas________________(enthusiasm)aboutmyjobasthedayIfirststarted.3.Everyday,sheworks________________(enthusiastical).4.AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears，shelostnoneofher____________(enthusiastic)forlife.5.Withoutmyteacher’sguidance，Iwouldn’thavebeen___________________________(對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)有熱情).6.獲勝者凱旋而歸時(shí)受到了熱烈歡迎。_______________________________________________whentheyarrivedhome.2.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.分派；布置；分配→_________n.工作,任務(wù)【常用搭配】assignsbsth(=assignsthtosb)給某人分配/布置……assignsbas…指派某人擔(dān)任……職務(wù)assignsbtodosth指派某人做某事Sbbeassignedtosb./sth.某人被指派去做某事【即學(xué)即練】1.Itisnecessarytodevelopgoodhabits，likewritingdownyour_______________(assign)andhandinginyourhomeworkontime.2.Myteacherassignedme_____________(write)anessayaboutthereformandopening-uppolicyofChina.3.Onemanwasassigned__________(operate)eachsectionofroughly10jackscrews(起重機(jī)).4.這兩間大教室分配給了我們。Thetwolargeclassrooms____________________.3.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄→_________adj.被遺棄的；被拋棄的【常用搭配】abandonsb(tosb/sth)離棄/拋棄某人withabandon放任地；縱情地abandononeselfto(doing)sth沉溺于做某事abandonaplace/sth/sb離開(kāi)某地/放棄某物/人abandonfaith/hope失去信心/希望abandondoingsth.放棄做某事abandononeselftosth./doingsth.沉溺于(做)某事beabandonedto(doing)沉湎于……【知識(shí)拓展】注意abandon主語(yǔ)通常是人，一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】1.Rescuershad__________(abandon)allthehopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.2.I’mconsideringabandoning___________(smoke)soon3.Thefanscheered_______________abandonwhentheirfavoritefootballteamwon.4.Toourrelief,thekind-heartedcoupleadoptedthe__________(abandon)childoutofsympathy.5.Badcustomsandlawsoughtto_______________(abandon)，sincetheyareinappropriateforthedevelopmentofthesociety.6.Atthesadnews,he_________________________(陷入絕望中不能自拔）.7.他沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，這對(duì)他的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)產(chǎn)生了很壞的影響。_______________________________，whichhadabadeffectonhisacademicperformances.(abandon)4.【詞匯拓展】_________n.&vt.羨慕；妒忌→_________adj.羨慕的;忌妒的→_________adv.美慕地【常用搭配】envysb(doing)sth羨慕某人(做)某事withenvy羨慕地；嫉妒地betheenvyofsb是令某人羨慕(忌妒)的事物begreenwithenvy十分嫉妒；眼紅envysb.sth.羨慕某人某物be/becometheenvyof...成為羨慕/忌妒的對(duì)象【即學(xué)即練】1.Myfriendsweregreen___________envywhenIgaveatalentshowatourschool’sculturalartfestival.2.Don’tbeenvious___________therunnerwhoisattheforefrontofthelane;justfocusonfinishingyourrace.3.每個(gè)人都羨慕地看著她。Everyonelooksather__________________________________________.4.我羨慕你有這么一個(gè)大家庭。Ienvyyou__________________________________________.5.【詞匯拓展】_________vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問(wèn)題或困難)n.決心；堅(jiān)定的信念→_________n.決議；解決；堅(jiān)定【常用搭配】resolveadispute/conflict/problem解決沖突/爭(zhēng)端/問(wèn)題resolvetodosth下定決心做某事resolveon(doing)sth下定決心(做)某事Itisresolvedthat…(經(jīng)正式投票)做出決定，做出決議newyear’sresolutions新年計(jì)劃makearesolutiontodo決心做...【即學(xué)即練】1.Ihaveresolved_______________(assign)themostchallengingtasktoTom—ahard-workingandenthusiasticman.2.Nowthenumberofstudentswhoresolve______________studyingabroadaftergraduationisonthedecrease.3.因此我們國(guó)家決定不遺余力地保護(hù)它們。Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors,so_______________________________________.6.【詞匯拓展】_________n.運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富→_________adj.幸運(yùn)的→_________adv.幸運(yùn)地→_________adv.不幸地；遺憾地【常用搭配】makeafortune發(fā)財(cái)；賺大錢(qián)fameandfortune名利befortunatetodosth有幸能做某事befortunateinhavingsth幸運(yùn)能擁有某物【即學(xué)即練】1.______________(fortunate),noonetookmyopinionseriously.2.Ifeelfortunate__________(have)thegiftoftime.7.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.引路；指導(dǎo)n.向?qū)?；?dǎo)游→_________n.指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航【常用搭配】undertheguidanceof在……的指導(dǎo)下careerguidance就業(yè)指導(dǎo)；就業(yè)輔導(dǎo)trafficguidance交通指南；航路指示touristguide旅行手冊(cè)guidesbto/through/around給某人帶路【即學(xué)即練】1.Everyhouseholdinthevillagereceivedabrochureoffering___________(guide)ongarbagesorting.2.Actually,wewereluckybecauseitwasa___________(guide)guidedtour.3.在父親的指導(dǎo)下，他們采取了積極的行動(dòng)，重新開(kāi)始。__________________________,theytookpositiveactionandstartedalloveragain.8.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.承諾；犯(錯(cuò)誤或罪行)→_________adj.忠誠(chéng)的；堅(jiān)定的→_________n.承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)【常用搭配】makeacommitmenttosb/sth對(duì)……做出承諾commitacrime犯罪commitsuicide自殺commitoneselftosth/doingsth承諾/保證做某事becommittedtodoingsth承諾做某事【即學(xué)即練】1.這兩個(gè)國(guó)家承諾和平共處。Thetwocountries________________________liveinpeace.2.永遠(yuǎn)要相信只要你全心全意地投入，目標(biāo)是可以達(dá)到的。Alwaysbelievethatyourgoalisattainableaslongas________________________.9.【詞匯拓展】_________n.動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的→_________vt.激勵(lì)；激發(fā)；使有動(dòng)機(jī)→_________adj.有動(dòng)機(jī)的，有積極性的→_________n.動(dòng)力，動(dòng)機(jī)，誘因【常用搭配】amotiveforsth某事的動(dòng)機(jī)motivatesbtodosth激發(fā)/激勵(lì)某人做某事themotivationforsth做某事的動(dòng)力【即學(xué)即練】1.Howdoyoumotivatepeople_________(work)hardandefficiently?

2.Theyareoftennot_________(motivate)tolearnthroughthismethod.3.Mostpeoplesaidthatpaywastheirmainmotivation_________working.10.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.&vi.(使)具備資格；(使)合格→_________adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(shí)(或技能、學(xué)歷等→_________n.資格；資歷；資格證書(shū)【常用搭配】aqualifiedaccountant/candidatebequalifiedforsth.有資格獲得某物bequalifiedtodosth.有資格做某事qualifysb.todosth.使某人有資格做某事【即學(xué)即練】1.Theapplicantisn’tqualified_______(do)thejobashedoesn’thavetherelevantexperiencerequiredforthejob.2.IholdthestrongbeliefthatIamqualified________________thepositionadvertisedinthenewspaper.3.Studyingcomputerlessons，whicharedesignedforchildren，isanimportant_____________(qualify)todothejob.4.Allthecolleaguesconsiderhimtobeavery_____________(qualify)teacherinthisschool.5.I’mgreatlyconvincedthatmyfriendWangMing______________________.(能勝任這份工作)二．單元重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)（漢譯英）1.對(duì)……充滿熱情_(kāi)________________2.生火_________________3.拒絕某人_________________4.放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)_________________5.振奮某人的精神_________________6.處理；應(yīng)對(duì)_________________7.夢(mèng)想

_________________8.拒絕某人

_________________9.出發(fā),啟程

_________________10.保持

_________________11.變得越來(lái)越糟糕

_________________12.成功;(及時(shí))到達(dá)

_________________13.情緒低落

_________________14.等一等;堅(jiān)持住

_________________15.畢竟;終究

_________________三．單句語(yǔ)法填空用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.They________(build)thebridgefortwomonths.2.Inthepastfewyears，he________(deal)withafewinternationalcompanies.3.Iamsoenthusiastic________whatIwanttodo.4.Thetelephone________(ring)intheofficeallthemorning.5.Lifewas_______(cruelty)toOliverwhenhewasyoung.6.He________(write)aletterthismorningandsentittohisfriend.7.Hemadea_____________(commit)tosaveusfromaslowbutpainfuldeath.8.Sheistired.She________(type)lettersalltheafternoon.9.Asapunishment,shewasnotpermitted_________(attend)anyschoolactivities.10.Thedollar________(climb)steadilyallweek.11.TheChinesegovernment________(do)researchintovaccine(疫苗)againstAfricanSwineFeverformonths,recentlymanyhavereceivedthefirstdoses.12.I________(wait)foranhourandahalf.13.Afterseeingthe________________(advertise)online,heresolvedtoapplyforit.14.Sheisverytired.She________(work)allmorning.15.______________(fortunately),hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewasnotqualified.16.They________(build)thebridgefortwomonths.17.He________(play)basketballsincehewasten.18.Jim________(phone)Jennyeverynightforthepastweek.四．課文經(jīng)典回顧課本知識(shí)語(yǔ)法填空自測(cè)AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackletonistheadventurethatIhavebeenenthusiasticabout.1____________(unfortunate),whenIresolvedtojointheexpedition,Shackletonturnedmedown.Atlast,ImanagedtogetaboardtheEndurance,hidinasmallcupboard,but2____________(discover)threedayslater.Althoughthecaptainwasangry,heassignedme3___________jobofcookingforthecrew.Icouldn’thelp4___________(think)howeveryonewouldenvymewhenIcameback.However,thejourneyhadnotbeen5___________(easily)Endurancebecame6___________(stick)intheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Beforeweabandonedtheship,weweretoldtorescueourmostessentialsuppliessuchas7__________(blanket)andwerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings.We8____________(struggle)fordayswiththingsgoingfrombadtoworse.Soonafterthat,Shackletonleftustofindhelp.Ifeltlowbecauseitwascoldandwindy,9__________mademebad-tempered.ThankstoFrankandErnest,itwastheirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvethatfilledme10_________hope.Afterall,therewasachancewewouldreturnhomeeventually.五.閱讀理解閱讀下面題文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]Lizard(蜥蜴)speciesmayalreadyhavedeclinedpastthepointofnoreturnintheworld.Whatisthereason?Risingtemperatures.Researchersestimatethatasmuchas39percentoflizardspeciesworldwidewillhavediedoutby2080.Theproblemisthattemperaturesinmanyregionswherelizardslivehavechangedtoofastfortheanimalstokeeppace.BarrySinervofromtheDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyattheUniversityofCaliforniainSantaCruz,alongwithcolleaguesfromacrosstheglobe,reachedthatconclusionbytakingcurrentdataonMexicanlizards.Theyalsoestimatedthat4percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.Thatnumbercouldjumpto20percentby2080ifcarbondioxidelevelsaren'tloweredtoreducewarming.Theteamlooked48speciesoftheSceloporuslizardat200sitesaroundMexico.Thesiteswerefirstsampledfrom1975to2009.By2010,researcherscouldnotfindlizardsat12percentofthosesites.Lizardsthatraisetheiryoungareespeciallyattheriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothosethatlayeggs.“Young-raisershavelowerbodytemperaturesthatheightentheriskofdying，”Sinervosaidinastatement.“Wearewatchingthesespeciesdisappearbeforeoureyes.”Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,therearestillalotofuncertaintiesabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.ManyMexicanlizardspeciesliveinhighaltitude“islands”，whereclimatechangehappensthefastest.Thelizardscannotadjustfastenoughtosurvive.Thescientistssaytheydonotthinktheanimalsarelikelytosavethemselvesjustbymovingsomewhereelse,either.“HowquicklycanEarth'slizardsadapttotherisingglobaltemperatures?That'stheimportantquestion，”Sinervosaidinapressrelease.“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan'tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”1．Whichofthefollowinglizardsfaceahigherriskofdyingout?A．Lizardsatlowaltitudes.B．Lizardsthatraisetheiryoung.C．Lizardsthatlayeggs.D．Lizardsinastableenvironment.2．WhatcanwelearnfromBarrySinervoandhiscolleagues?A．Theirconclusionisbasedoncurrentdataonvariouskindsoflizards.B．20percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.C.Theyareuncertainabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies.D．Theyareseeinghighlandspeciesmovingdownward.3．Whyistheuplandlizards'survivalaffectedgreatlybyclimatechange?A．Becauseoftheirlivinghabitats'destruction.B．Becauseoftheirlivingskills.C．Becauseofhighlandspeciesmovingdownward.D．Becauseoftheiradaptivecapacity.4．What'sthepurposeofthispassage?A．ToprovethatEarthisnotsuitableforlizards.B．Towarnthatlizardsmaydieoutquicklyduetoclimatechange.C．Toexplainwhynomorelizardswillbefoundby2080.D．Toemphasizethatthehabitatoflizardsischanginggreatly.六．七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。RulesofLifeImaginelifeasagameinwhichyouareplayingsomefiveballsintheair.Younamethem:work,family,health,friendsandspirit,andyou'rekeepingalloftheseballsintheair.Youwillsoonunderstandworkisarubberball.___1___Buttheotherfourballsaremadeofglass.Ifyoudroponeofthese,itwillbewornoff,marked,damaged,orevenbrokenintopieces.Theywillneverbethesame.___2___How?Don'tundermineyourworthbycomparingyourselftoothers.Itisbecausewearedifferentandeachofusisspecial.Don'tsetyourgoalsbywhatotherpeopleconsiderimportant.___3___Don'ttakeforgrantedthethingsclosesttoyourheart.Holdontothemasyouwouldtoyourlife,forwithoutthem,lifeismeaningless.Don'tbeafraidtoadmitthatyouarelessthanperfect.Itisthisfragilethreadthatbindsuseachtogether.___4___Itisbytakingchancesthatwealllearnhowtobebrave.Don'trunthroughlifesofastthatyouforgetnotonlywhereyou'vebeen,butalsowhereyouaregoing.Don'tforgetthataperson'sgreatestemotionalneedistofeelappreciated.Don'tbeafraidtolearn.Knowledgeisweightless,atreasureyoucanalwayscarryeasily.Don'tusetimeorwordscarelessly.Neithercanberetrieved(挽回).Yesterdayisahistory,tomorrowisamystery,andtodayisagift.___5___A．Don'tbeafraidtoencounterrisks.B．Ifyoudropit,itwillbounceback.C．Andthatiswhywecallitthepresent.D．Onlyyouknowwhatisthebestforyou.E．Don'thesitatewhenyoustillhavesomethingtogive.F．Youmustunderstandthatandstruggleforbalanceinyourlife.G．Yourpersonallifehastotakesecondplacetothefiveballs.七、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。[2023·遼寧省高三模擬]Itwasaveryhotdayinlatesummer.Iwasworkinginalocalwoodfactory.Itwasdangerous,back-breakingworkthatpaidvery__1__.IntheyearIhadworkedthere,onlyfourotherpeoplehadn'tquitandbeen__2__withnewfaces,fortherewasnootherworkforustofindto__3__ourfamilies.Onthisdaythe__4__weren'tworkingandallofuswerecoveredinsweatandsawdust.WhenIlookedaround,everyfaceIsawlookedangryand__5__.Abruptly,avoicecalledout,“Hey!Thereisa/an__6__inhere.”Alostlittledeerwanderedthroughtheopenloadingbaydoors,coweringinbetweenthehugestacksofwood.Allofusstoppedtoseekforherasshe__7__lookingforawayout.Nowmostpeopleherehuntdeerformeatinthefall,butalsotreatthemwithgreat__8__duringtherestofwintermonths.Therefore,allofusweresoon__9__workingtogethertofreethislittledeer.By__10__offalltheotherrouteswewereabletoguideherand__11__herbacktotheopendoor.Wewatchedasshe__12__outofthebuildingandbackintothewoods.Thenwewalkedbackinto__13__.Inoticedsomething,though.Oneveryfacetherewasa__14__smile.Itwasasifthisonesingleactofkindnesshadenergizedusagainand__15__usofwhatlifeisallabout.1．A.much B．littleC．many D．few2．A.impressedB．purchasedC．a(chǎn)ccompaniedD．replaced3．A.provide B．supportC．earn D．reserve4．A.vehicles B．machinesC．fans D．tools5．A.frustratedB．dynamicC．curious D．a(chǎn)shamed6．A.bay B．woodC．deer D．owl7．A.turnedout B．ranaboutC．heldup D．hidaway8．A.kindness B．eagernessC．cruelty D．a(chǎn)dmiration9．A.absolutelyB．vividlyC．tightly D．quickly10．A.switching B．blockingC．calling D．breaking11．A.pull B．panicC．a(chǎn)ttach D．hold12．A.jumped B．flewC．crawled D．wound13．A.rest B．complainC．work D．chat14．A.grateful B．joyfulC．reliable D．generous15．A.warned B．informedC．ensured D．reminded八．語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Surrounding_____1_____(you)withpositivepeoplecanhaveagreatinfluence(影響)onyourlife.Whensomeonehasapositiveoutlook(人生觀)onlife,theywakeupinthemorning

____2_____energyandenthusiasm.Thesearethekindofpeople_____3_____aregoingtoencourageyoutohaveagreatattitude.Thesepeopleareconfidentthatthingswillworkoutforthem.Theyare_____4_____(hope)aboutthefutureandwillingtodowhateverisnecessarytogetthings_____5_____(do).That’stheexactkindofattitudeandbehavioryouneedtobeexposed(接觸)toonaregular_____6_____base).Asyouwatchhowtheypushthemselves,youwill_____7_____(encourage)todothesame.You’llstarttowonderwhatyoucandoinyourownlife.Moreover,positivepeopletendtothinkofnewideasandwaysofseeingtheworld.Clearly,____8____(attitude)thatotherpeoplehavecanhaveapowerfulinfluence._____9_____(fortunate)itdoesn’talwayshavetobeabadthing.Ifyoumakesuretobesurroundedwithpositivepeople,there’snotellinghowgreatlythatinfluence______10______(shape)yourlife.單元重點(diǎn)句式1.[教材原句]ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance.但是，滿懷著想要與他們同赴南極的熱情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“堅(jiān)韌號(hào)”輪船。句型：so…that…如此……以至于……說(shuō)明：(1)當(dāng)so前面是系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，so后接形容詞；(2)當(dāng)so前面是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，so后接副詞；(3)當(dāng)so后面的中心詞是名詞時(shí)，需要把so改為such。用法歸納：so/such...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so+形容詞/副詞形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)特別提醒：在“so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that...”句型中，little意為“少的”，而不是“小的”。練透：1.湯姆如此傷心以至于眼淚順著臉頰滾落下來(lái)。________________________________________________________________________________________2.昨天天氣很好，我們都出去野餐了。______________________________________________________________________________________3.他是一個(gè)如此勤奮的學(xué)生以至于每個(gè)老師都對(duì)他高度贊揚(yáng)。______________________________________________________________________________________2.[教材原句]Therewasnothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusictocheerusup.沒(méi)有什么比一頓豐盛的晚餐和一點(diǎn)音樂(lè)更能讓我們振作起來(lái)了。句型：Thereis/wasnothinglike…todo…沒(méi)有什么比得上……更能讓……知識(shí)拓展：Thereisnothingbetterthan...沒(méi)有比……更好的了。havenothingincommon沒(méi)有共同之處havenothingtodowith...和……沒(méi)有關(guān)系練透：1.并且如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨(dú)，沒(méi)有比看到好朋友的笑臉更好的了。____________________________________________________________________________________2.如果兩個(gè)人沒(méi)什么共同之處，幾句話的交流可能都困難。____________________________________________________________________________________3.她的成功與好運(yùn)無(wú)關(guān)。_________________________________________________________________