（英語）中考英語初中英語英語閱讀理解匯編的技巧及練習(xí)題及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、中考英語閱讀理解匯編1．閱讀理解

SittingamongthecheeringfansoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeaminRiodeJaneiro,aPolishfancaughtalotofattention.ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginning

The60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.ThePolishmanwascrazyabouttheperformancesoftheyoungteam,especiallybyitscoreplayerHuiRuoqi.BeforethatJozefwasaloyalfanofhishometeam﹣thePolishmen'svolleyball.

Sincethen,Jozefhasbecomecrazyabouttheteamandhaskepttrackofalmostalltheirinternationalcompetitions.Backinthe2013MontreuxVolleyMastersofSwitzerland,thePolishman,forthefirsttime,cametocheerupfortheteamonsite.HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship.

ThehardcorefantraveledhundredsofmilesfromPolandtoBrazil,andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.Thistime,JozefwasinterviewedbyTVandhasbeenrecognizedbynotjustfans,butmillionsofChineseTVaudience.

The"Polishgrandpa"wasanicknamegivenbyChinesevolleyballfans.Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,China'sanswertoTwitter,whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.（1）WhydidJozefgetmuchattention？A.

HewasinterviewedbyChineseTV.B.

HeisafamousandloyalPolishfan.C.

HehassupportedtheChineseteamfromthestart.D.

HewassittingamongthefansoftheChineseteam.（2）WhendidJozeffirstbecomeinterestedintheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeam？A.

In2012.

B.

In2013.

C.

In2014.

D.

In2015.（3）HowdidJozefcometoItalytosupporttheChineseWoomen'sVolleyballTeam？A.

Bycar

B.

Bybus

C.

Bybike

D.

Byplane（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.

JozefhasalreadyhadmillionsoffansinPoland.B.

Jozefhasbeenafanofhishometeamsince2012.C.

JozeffirstcheeredupfortheChineseteamonsitein2014.D.

JozefhasfollowedmostoftheinternationalmatchesoftheChineseteam.（5）WhathasJozefbeendoingonSinaWeibo？A.

GivingsupporttothePolishteamB.

SharinghislovefortheChineseteamC.

AnsweringquestionsaboutplayingvolleyballD.

BookingticketsformatchesoftheChineseteam【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介紹了中國(guó)女排的鐵桿球迷“波蘭爺爺”。他從一開始就密切關(guān)注球隊(duì)現(xiàn)年60歲的喬澤夫在2012年倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的電視上看到這些女孩時(shí)，第一眼就愛上了中國(guó)女排。波蘭人對(duì)青年隊(duì)的表現(xiàn)非常著迷，尤其是對(duì)其核心球員惠若奇的表現(xiàn)。在2014年世界女子排球錦標(biāo)賽上，他還從意大利的波蘭多驅(qū)車前往支持這些女孩。這位鐵桿球迷從波蘭到巴西旅行了數(shù)百英里，并預(yù)訂了中國(guó)女排所有比賽的門票。不僅得到了電視迷的認(rèn)可，也得到了數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的中國(guó)電視觀眾的認(rèn)可。他在新浪微博上有18000名粉絲，這是中國(guó)對(duì)Twitter的回應(yīng)。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,

butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginning這不是因?yàn)樗皇侵袊?guó)人，而是因?yàn)樗麖囊婚_始就密切關(guān)注球隊(duì)?？芍皇且?yàn)樗麖囊婚_始就支持中國(guó)隊(duì)，故答案選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.現(xiàn)年60歲的喬澤夫在2012年倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的電視上看到這些女孩時(shí)，第一眼就愛上了中國(guó)女排?？芍菑?012年開始，故答案選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship在2014年世界女子排球錦標(biāo)賽上，他還從意大利的波蘭多驅(qū)車前往支持這些女孩，可知是開車。故答案選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.

并預(yù)定了中國(guó)女排所有比賽的門票?？芍獑虧煞蚋櫫酥袊?guó)隊(duì)的大部分國(guó)際比賽，故答案選D。（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,

China'sanswertoTwitter,

whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.他在新浪微博上有18000名粉絲，這是中國(guó)對(duì)Twitter的回應(yīng),自2013年以來，Jozef一直在與中國(guó)網(wǎng)民分享他對(duì)Twitter的癡迷?？芍谖⒉┥戏窒硭麑?duì)中國(guó)隊(duì)的愛，故答案選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解題，本文涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題，細(xì)節(jié)理解體比較簡(jiǎn)單，可知直接從文章中找到答案。2．閱讀選擇根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確的答案

Oneday,alittlemonkeyandalittlefoxwentouttoplay.Theysawanappletreeontheothersideoftheriver.Thereweremanybigandredapplesonit.Buttherewasnobridgeovertheriver.Themonkeythoughthardandhadanidea.Theypulleddownatreeandputitovertheriverasabridge.

Themonkeysaid,"Myoldfriend,yougotherefirst."Butafterthefoxwenttotheotherside,hekicked（踢）thetreeintotheriverandrantotheappletree."HowcanIgettherewithoutthetree?"criedthemonkey.Thefoxlaughedandsaid,"Youjuststandthereandwatchmeeatingtheapples."Themonkeywasveryangry.

Suddenlyitbegantorain.Thewaterlevel（水位）intheriverrose（上漲）andthetreeflewawaywiththewater."Youcaneatalltheapples.Butyoucan'tcomeback,"shoutedthemonkey.Thefoxstoppedeatingandlookedatthemonkeysadly.（1）Whatdidthemonkeyandthefoxseeontheothersideoftheriver？A.

Abridge.

B.

Anappletree.

C.

Aboat.（2）Whothoughthardandhadanidea？A.

Themonkey.

B.

Thefox.

C.

Bothofthem.（3）Whatdidtheyputovertheriverasabridge？A.

Atree.

B.

Anapple.

C.

Amonkey.（4）Whywasthefoxsadatlast？A.

Becausehewasangrywiththemonkey.B.

Becausehecouldn'tcomeback.C.

Becausehecouldn'teatapples.（5）Whatdoesthestorytellusaccordingtothepassage？A.

Thefoxshouldn'tgofirst.B.

Themonkeycouldeatapplesfirst.C.

Oneshouldn'tcareonlyabouthimself.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】主要講了小猴子和小狐貍吃蘋果的故事。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theysawanappletreeontheothersideoftheriver.可知猴子和狐貍看到對(duì)面有一顆蘋果樹，故答案選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Themonkeythoughthardandhadanidea.猴子努力的想了一會(huì)兒終于想出來辦法，故答案選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theypulleddownatreeandputitovertheriverasabridge.他們砍到一棵樹放到河里當(dāng)橋，故答案選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Youcaneatalltheapples.

Butyoucan'tcomeback，"shoutedthemonkey.你可以吃掉所有的蘋果，但是你會(huì)不來了，猴子喊道?？芍捎跐q水，狐貍回不來了，故答案選B。（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theypulleddownatreeandputitovertheriverasabridge.他們共同砍到一棵樹放到河里當(dāng)橋，Butafterthefoxwenttotheotherside，hekicked（踢）thetreeintotheriverandrantotheappletree.但是狐貍過河之后把樹踢到河里不讓猴子過河，自己跑向了蘋果樹，這是不符合道德規(guī)范的，故答案選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。3．閱讀理解

AbdulSadiq,anAfghanistan'sonlyprofessionalcyclist,beganbytraininghisdaughter.Andwhenshecompetedsuccessfullyabroad,hesetuptheteam.Itistheworld'smostunlikelysportingteam,becausethesportbreakstaboosinacountrywhereinmanytraditionalcommunities,womenarenotallowedoutofthehouse.

Theheadcoachfacesfrequentthreatsandthegirls'familiesdonotalwaysapprove"Ifit'snottheirfatherstryingtostopthem,it'sabrotheroruncle."

Twomembersoftheteam,Massouma,18,andZarab,17,aresisters.Theirfatherandtheirbrothersapprove,buttheyknowthattheirunclescomplaintotheirfather."Theywillnevercomeinfrontofustosay‘Whyareyoucycling?',buttheysaybadwordstoourfather,"shesaid.Histeamhave,however,competedandwonregionallyagainstBangladeshandPakistan.

"Wewanttogocyclingbecausewewanttobeheroesoneday,"said16-year-oldJella,oneofthelatestriders.Inoneofthemildestanddriestwintersformanyyears,traininghasgoneonwithoutstopping.Andnextspring,thegirlswillgoupintothemountains."Wesaythatwomenshouldnotsitathome,theyneedtocomeoutanddosports,"saidAbdulSadiq,And18-year-oldZainabsaidshewishedthatshecouldjustgocyclingaloneonthestreetoneday."It'smyambition,andIhopethatonedaygirlswillbeallowedtogocyclingonthestreets,nothavingacoach,oranyonewiththem,andtheywillnothaveproblems,"shesaid.（1）WhatdoesAbdulSadiqdo?A.

Ateacher.

B.

Acyclist.

C.

Areporter.

D.

Adriver.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"taboos"meaninChinese?A.

禁忌

B.

警告

C.

符號(hào)

D.

風(fēng)俗（3）Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanknowA.

MassoumaandZarab'sparentsapproveoftheirjoiningtheteamB.

MassoumaandZarab'sunclesareagainsttheircyclingC.

MassoumaandZarabdon'twanttojointheteamD.

MassoumaandZarabarebothveryold（4）WhatwasZainab'sdream?A.

Hermotherapprovinghercycling.

B.

Goingcyclingaloneonthestreet.C.

Joiningtheteam.

D.

WinningagainstBangladeshandPakistan.（5）Wheremayyouseethepassage?A.

Inastorybook.

B.

Inafashionmagazine.C.

Inatravelguidebook.

D.

Inasportsnewspaper.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】主要講了阿卜杜勒·薩迪克是阿富汗唯一的職業(yè)自行車手，他從訓(xùn)練女兒開始。當(dāng)她在國(guó)外比賽成功時(shí)，他組建了這個(gè)隊(duì)。這是世界上最不可能的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)打破了許多傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)禁止婦女出門的禁忌。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)AbdulSadiq,anAfghanistan'sonlyprofessionalcyclist可知阿卜杜勒·薩迪克是阿富汗唯一的職業(yè)自行車手，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)whereinmanytraditionalcommunities,womenarenotallowedoutofthehouse.可知許多傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)禁止婦女出門，所以是打破了禁忌，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Twomembersoftheteam,Massouma,18,andZarab,17,aresisters.Theirfatherandtheirbrothersapprove,buttheyknowthattheirunclescomplaintotheirfather.可知Massouma和Zarab的叔叔反對(duì)他們騎自行車，故選B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)And18-year-oldZainabsaidshewishedthatshecouldjustgocyclingaloneonthestreetoneday.可知Zainab希望一天獨(dú)自在街上騎自行車，故選B。（5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文可知與騎自行車有關(guān)，所以在體育報(bào)紙上看到，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。4．閱讀理解

Whenwethinkofpaper,wethinkofnewspapersandbooks.Buttherearemanyotheruses.Onlyhalfoftheworld'spaperisusedforbooksandnewspapers.

Paperisverygoodforkeepingyouwarm.Youhaveperhapsseenhomelessmensleeponalargenumberofnewspapers.InFinland,itissometimes-40℃inwinter.Thefarmerswearpaperboots（靴子）inthesnow.Nothingcouldbewarmer.

Eachyear,moreandmorethingsaremadeofpaper.Wehavehadpapercupsandplatesforalongtime.Butnowwehearthatchairs,tables,andevenbedscanbemadeofpaper.Besidespaperbootsandshoes,youcanwearpaperhats,paperdresses,andpaperraincoats.Whenyouhaveusedthemonce,youmaythrowthemawayandbuynewones.

Thelatestuseofpaperseemstobepaperhouses.Thesearenotsmallhousesforchildrentoplayin,butreal,bighousesforpeopletolivein.Youcanbuyahousewiththreeroomsforabout500dollars.Youcanputitupbyyourselfinafewhours,andyoucanuseitforaboutfiveyears.（1）Onlyhalfoftheworld'spaperisusedto_________.A.

buildhousesB.

helpthehomelesspeopleC.

makechairs,tablesandbedsD.

print（印刷）newspapersandbooks（2）ThefarmersinFinlandwearpaperbootsinwinter_________.A.

tofeelmuchcoolerB.

tobecoolC.

tokeeptheirfeetwarmD.

tosavealotofmoney（3）Thelatestuseofpaperseemstobepaperhouses.Thesehousesare_________.A.

bigandstrongenoughtoliveinformanyyearsB.

madeforchildrentoplayinorforhomelessmentoliveinC.

madeonlyfortherichpeopleD.

notexpensiveandeasytobuildup（4）Afteryouuseapaperraincoat,youmay_________.A.

useitforalongtime

B.

sellittoothers

C.

lendittoothers

D.

throwitaway【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介紹了紙的新用途，可以用來做靴子，做帽子、做紙裙、做紙雨衣還能建造房子，這樣的房子可以使用五年。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)

Onlyhalfoftheworld'spaperisusedforbooksandnewspapers.可知，世界上只有一半的紙用來印刷報(bào)紙和書，故答案是D。（2）邏輯推理題，根據(jù)Thefarmerswearpaperboots（靴子）inthesnow.Nothingcouldbewarmer.可知芬蘭的農(nóng)民穿紙靴子保暖，故答案是C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Youcanbuyahousewiththreeroomsforabout500dollars.Youcanputitupbyyourselfinafewhours,andyoucanuseitforaboutfiveyears.可知紙房子不貴也很容易搭建，故答案是D。???????（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)

Whenyouhaveusedthemonce,youmaythrowthemawayandbuynewones.可知紙雨衣用過之后會(huì)扔掉，故答案是D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結(jié)合具體語境，有已知內(nèi)容推出未知的可能的事實(shí)。5．閱讀理解（1）Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingsarebullyingEXCEPT____.A.

callingpeoplemeannamesB.

hittingpeopleC.

tellingliesaboutpeopleD.

laughingwithpeople（2）Cyberbullyingmeansbullying____.A.

atschool

B.

athome

C.

onthestreet

D.

ontheInternet（3）Whenyougetbadmessagesonline,youshould____.A.

sharethemwithfriendsB.

givethemtoyourteacherC.

replytothematonceD.

keepthemasyoursecrets（4）Ifyouarenotkindtosomeone,youshould____.A.

saysorrytohimB.

talkaboutitinpublicC.

askyourparentstosaysorryD.

feelsadandkeepquiet（5）Thispassageismainlywrittenfor____.A.

Teachers

B.

parents

C.

child

D.

thepolice【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了什么是欺凌以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌，同時(shí)探討了面對(duì)這些現(xiàn)象我們?cè)撛鯓幼?。?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句

Bullyinginclude:

callingpeoplemean（惡意的）names;laughing

atpeople;

tellingliesaboutpeople;

takingsomeonesthingswithoutpermission（允許）;

notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup;hittingpeople理解可知，欺凌包括：叫別人惡意的名字；嘲笑人；說別人的謊話；未經(jīng)允許拿別人的東西；不讓別人在一個(gè)群體中玩；打人等，但不包括與別人一起笑，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Cyberbullyingincludes：sendingbadmessagesonline；sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission；notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroup；spreadingliesonline理解可知，Cyberbullying與網(wǎng)絡(luò)online有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該是網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌，故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Ifyougetbad

messages,don'treply.

Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyour

teacher可知，當(dāng)收到網(wǎng)絡(luò)壞信息時(shí)，不要回復(fù)，直接保存并交給老師，故選B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.可知，當(dāng)我們對(duì)別人不友好時(shí)，應(yīng)該道歉，故選A。（5）理解歸納題。這篇文章主要介紹欺凌與網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的，面對(duì)的應(yīng)該是孩子，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。6．閱讀理解

Youthinkit's"cool"tocarryyourbackpacksandheadouttoschool.Butifyoudon'tknowexactlyhowtochoose,load,liftandwearthem-theseall-importantaccessories（配件）canbeapainintheback.Nottomentiontheneck,headandshoulders.

Backpackscaninfluenceyourhealth.Carryingaheavyloadimproperlycanleadtopoorbodyposition;andevenhurtthespinalcolumn（脊柱）Thiscancausemusclestrain,headaches,back,neckandarmpain.

Forexample,ifitiscarriedononeshoulder;aheavybackpackforcesthemusclesandspinetobalancetheunequalweight.Thismayincreasethepossiblebackproblemslaterinlife.Morethan50percentofyoungpeoplesufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears.Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycaused（場(chǎng)）improperuseofbackpacks.Here'ssomeadvicetohelpyoucarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.

Choosetherightbackpack.Forgetleather（皮革）!Itlooksgreat,butit'sfartooheavy.Goforcanvas（帆布）.Pickapackthathastwowide,adjustable,comfortableshoulderstraps（帶子）,alongwithahiporwaiststrap,andplentyofpockets.Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer'sbody.

Packingitproperly.Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.It'sagoodideatoknowwhateachobjectweighs.Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer'sownbodyweight.Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.

Puttingthebackpackon.Putthepackonasmoothsurface,atwaistheight.Putonthepack,oneshoulderatatime,thenadjust（調(diào)整）thestrapstofitcomfortably.Rememberwhenliftingabackpack,oranything,toliftusingthearmsandlegsandtobendattheknees.

Therightwaytowearabackpack.Bothshoulderstrapsshouldbeused,andadjustedsothatthepackfitsthebody,withouthangingtooneside.Backpacksshouldneverbewornoverjustoneshoulder.Youshouldbeabletomoveyourhandsbetweenthebackpackandyourback.Thewaiststrapshouldalsobeworn.

Taketheaboveadvice,andyoumaynotcomplainbackpain,numbnessorweaknessinyourarmsandlegsanymore.（1）Whatcouldmainlycausesomeyoungpeopletosufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears?A.

Toomuchhomework.

B.

Poortreatmentforbacks.C.

Improperuseofbackpacks.

D.

Unhealthysleepposition（2）Whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersuggest?①Chooseleatherbackpacksbecauseitlooks"cool"togotoschool.②Pickapackthatitssizeissuitableforthewearer'sbody.③Makesurethebackpackcontainsonlywhatisneededforthatday④Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside.⑤Putthepackonasmoothsurface,abovethewaistheight.A.

①②④

B.

①③⑤

C.

②③④

D.

②③⑤（3）Ifaboyweighs40kg,howheavyshouldhisfilledbackpackbeatmost?A.

About4kg.

B.

About6kg.

C.

About10kg.

D.

About15kg.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.

Someproblemsthatteenagersfaceintheirstudyatschool.B.

Thesuitablebackpackmaterialthatyoushouldchoose.C.

ThegoodinfluencethatbackpackshaveonyourhealthD.

Someadviceonhowtocarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文主要講述背包影響學(xué)生的健康，如何舒服地和安全地使用背包。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Morethan50percentofyoungpeoplesufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears.Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycaused（場(chǎng)）improperuseofbackpacks.可知不正確使用背包可能誰引起背疼。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)

Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer'sbody.保證背包的大小與背書包的人相符，即②；Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.需要的時(shí)候才背書包，即③；Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.

當(dāng)背重物的時(shí)候，背包需要貼近身體，背輕的東西時(shí)，可以離遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)，即④；故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer'sownbodyweight.

這個(gè)男孩四十公斤，可知他最多背15%×40kg=6kg，故選B。（4）此題考查主旨大意。這篇短文主要對(duì)如何正確使用背包使人更舒服更安全給出的幾點(diǎn)建議，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。然后進(jìn)行審題，弄清題意，帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出細(xì)節(jié)理解問題的答案。對(duì)于主旨大意題要根據(jù)文章的中心思想確定。7．閱讀理解

Whatdoyouseewhenyoulookatabstract（抽象的）art?Canyouunderstandit?Doesitlooklikeanything?

Abstractartbecamepopularintheearly20thcentury.Artistsdidnotwanttopaint,draw,orsculptthingsexactlyliketheylooked.Theydidn'twanttheirarttoberealistic（現(xiàn)實(shí)的）.Theyweremoreinterestedinbasicshapesandcolours.

Picassoisprobablythemostfamousoftheseartists.Hepaintedanddrewinmany,manystyles.Sometimesheusedalotofbluecolours（his"blueperiod"）.Later,heusedmoreredandpinkcolours（his"roseperiod"）.Manyofhisotherpaintingsarecalled"cubist（立體派的）"becausetheyaremadeofpaintedsquares.

Afteralongtime,Picasso'spaintingsbecamemoreandmoreabstract.Hepaintedpeopleandthingsusingstrangeshapes.Hisworkwassostrangethatmanyofhisworkmatesdidn'tunderstandit.

Kandinsky,anotherfamousartist,usedlines,shapes,andpatternstopainthissubjects.Hispaintingsalsousedstrongcolourstoexpressfeelings.Otherartistslikethesurrealists（超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家），wereinterestedinsubconsciousness（潛意識(shí)）.PainterslikeBretonandMagritteusedmanysymbolsintheirwork.Themeaningorsubjectoftheirworkwasn'talwaysclear.Dali,anothersurrealistartist,paintedpicturesthatlookedlikedreams.

Therearestillmanyabstractartistsaroundtheworld.That'sthewaymanyartistsprefer.Theywanteachpersontolookatartandfindtheirownmeaninginit.（1）Whichwouldbemostlikeabstractart?A.

Apaintingofahouse.B.

Asculptureofacar.C.

Adrawingoftwopeopleinacoffeehouse.D.

Aredandbluepainting,withnoclearsubject.（2）WhathappenedtoPicasso'sworkafteralongtime?A.

Itbecamemoreabstract.B.

Itbecamelessstrange.C.

Hewentfromusingredcolourstousingbluecolours.D.

Heonlypaintedwithcolouredsquares.（3）HowdidKandinskyexpressfeelings?A.

Byusingstrongcolours.

B.

Bypaintingrealisticpeople.C.

Bypaintingwithalotofsymbols.

D.

Bypaintinginredandpinkcolours.（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.

Picassopaintedinmanydifferentstyles.B.

Daliwasinterestedindreams.C.

Abstractartistsfeeleachworkofartonlyhasonemeaning.D.

Magritte'sartwasfullofsymbols.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文介紹了抽象派藝術(shù)及其代表人物畢加索。（1）推理題。根據(jù)畢加索是抽象藝術(shù)的代表人物Sometimesheusedalotofbluecolours（his"blueperiod"）.Later,heusedmoreredandpinkcolours

有時(shí)他使用很多藍(lán)色，后來，他使用了更多的紅色和粉色，可知一幅紅色和藍(lán)色的畫，沒有清晰的主題最像抽象藝術(shù)，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Afteralongtime,Picasso'spaintingsbecamemoreandmoreabstract可知很久以后畢加索的作品變得更加抽象，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Hispaintingsalsousedstrongcolourstoexpressfeelings可知康定斯通過使用強(qiáng)烈的顏色基表達(dá)感情的，故選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Themeaningorsubjectoftheirworkwasn'talwaysclear.Dali,anothersurrealistartist,paintedpicturesthatlookedlikedreams.他們工作的意義或主題并不總是清楚的。另一位超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義藝術(shù)家達(dá)利畫的畫看起來像夢(mèng)可知抽象藝術(shù)家覺得每件藝術(shù)品只有一種意義是錯(cuò)誤的，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。8．閱讀理解

WhenJustinTongwasachild,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimdoinglotsofhouseworksuchascarryingouttherubbishandsendingnewspapers.Butwhenhegrewup,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodfriendsandlivedahappierandhealthierlife.

Thisisthefindingofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456childreninLondon.Itshowedthatthechildrenwhohadworkedhardinchildhoodhadaricherandahappierfuture."Childrenwhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence（能力）andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,"saidDanielBrown,thepsychologist（心理學(xué)家）whomadethediscovery."Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem."

Brown'sstudyfollowedthesechildreningreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderBrown,theresearcherscomparedthechildren'smental-healthscoreswiththeirchildhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.

Workingatanyageisimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings（基礎(chǔ)）ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.

Yetworkisn'teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,"Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJustinTong?A.

Heenjoyedahappylife.B.

Hefeltsorryfortheotherkids.C.

Healwayssoldnewspapers.D.

Heseldomcollectedrubbish.（2）WhowillprobablysucceedinthefutureaccordingtoParagraph2?A.

Childrenwhoenjoyhappierandricherlives.B.

Childrenwhoworkinthehomeorcommunity.C.

ChildrenwhotakepartinDanielBrown'sstudy.D.

Childrenwhofeelgoodaboutpeoplearoundthem.（3）HowdidBrownfollowthechildreninhisstudy?A.

Bygivinghouseworkandpraise.B.

Byinterviewingandgivingscores.C.

Bysettinggoalsandshowinglove.D.

Bysolvingproblemsandtestingthem.（4）What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A.

Totalkaboutaninterestingstudy.B.

TointroduceJustinTong'ssuccess.C.

Totellusaboutchildhoodactivities.D.

Toencouragechildrentoworkhard.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文介紹了童年時(shí)努力工作的孩子有一個(gè)更富裕、更幸福的未來，并且鼓勵(lì)孩子們努力工作。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)"hewasbetteroff…andlivedahappierandhealthierlife",可知

，賈斯汀·湯過著幸福的生活，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第二段第二行和第三行"childrenwhohadworkedhardinchildhoodhadaricherandahappierfuture,"和之后的"Childrenwhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitycompetence…feeltheywereworthwhile"，可知童年時(shí)努力工作的孩子們有一個(gè)更加富裕和幸福的未來?！霸诩依锘蛏鐓^(qū)工作的孩子獲得了能力，故在家或社區(qū)工作的孩子將來誰可能會(huì)成功，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題：

根據(jù)Brown'sstudyfollowedthesechildreningreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderBrown,theresearcherscomparedthechildren'smental-healthscoreswiththeirchildhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems布朗的研究非常詳細(xì)地跟蹤了這些孩子。采訪在25、31和47歲時(shí)重復(fù)進(jìn)行。在布朗的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，研究人員比較了孩子們的心理健康分?jǐn)?shù)和他們的童年活動(dòng)分?jǐn)?shù)。兼職工作、家務(wù)、在校努力和處理問題的能力都得了分，可知布朗是通過面試和打分跟蹤他書房里的孩子們的，故選B。（4）主旨題：根據(jù)本文介紹了童年時(shí)努力工作的孩子有一個(gè)更富裕、更幸福的未來，故目的是鼓勵(lì)孩子們努力工作，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解

Amanoncevisitedatemplethatwasstillbeingbuilt.Hesawasculptormakingasculpture（雕塑）.Ashewatchedthemanworkonthesculpture,henoticedthattherewasasimilarsculpturelyingnearby.

Hefeltverystrangeandaskedthesculptor,"Whyareyoumakingtwosamesculptures?Doyouneedtwotoputindifferentplaces?"

"No,"themansaidwithoutlookingup,"Weneedonlyone,butthefirstonebecamedamagedbeforeIcouldfinishit,soI'mmakinganewone."

Thevisitorpickedupthedamagedsculptureandexaminedit.Buthecouldn'tfindanythingwrongwithit.

"Whereisthedamage?"heasked.

"Thereisascratch（擦痕）onthesculpture'snose."thesculptorsaidwhilecontinuinghiswork.

Themanthenasked,"Whereareyougoingtoplacethesculpture?"

Thesculptorrepliedthatitwouldbeplacedona20﹣foot﹣highplatform（平臺(tái)）."Ifthesculptureisupthathigh,whoisgoingtonoticethatthereisascratchonthenose?"themanasked.

Thesculptorstoppedhiswork,lookedupatthemanandsaid,"Iwillknowit".

Thesculptorchosetosticktoahighstandardofexcellenceinhiswork.Evenifotherpeopledidn'tnoticeit,itmatteredtohimthathisworkshouldbeofthebestquality.Thisisanattitudeweshouldallworkhardtokeep.（1）Whydidthevisitorfeelstrangeatfirst?A.

Becausehecouldtakeoneofthesculptures.B.

Becausethesculptorwasmakingtwosamesculptures.C.

Becausehethoughtthesculptorneededtwosculptures.（2）Theunderlinedword"damaged"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto"

".A.

broken

B.

fallen倒下的

C.

beaten被打敗的；被打了的（3）Whatwaswrongwiththefirstsculpture'snose?A.

Itwastoobig.

B.

Therewasascratchonit.

C.

Therewasnothingwrongwithit.（4）Wherewouldthesculpturebeplaced?A.

Outsidethetemple.

B.

Atthesculptor'shome.

C.

Ona20﹣foot﹣highplatform.（5）Fromthestory,weknowth