《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)導(dǎo)論》AnIntroductiontoIndustrialInternetLecturer：ZhouHaifei知識(shí)圖譜第九章人工智能技術(shù)OutlineChapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnology“工業(yè)革命”第九章人工智能技術(shù)人工智能與工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的結(jié)合是必然的趨勢(shì)，亦是工廠實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化的核心技術(shù)體現(xiàn)；人工智能與工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)分析、云計(jì)算和信息物理系統(tǒng)的集成將使工業(yè)以靈活、高效和節(jié)能的方式運(yùn)作?！癐ndustrialRevolution”Chapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnologyThecombinationofartificialintelligenceandtheindustrialInternetisaninevitabletrend,andAIalsoreflectsthecoretechnologyofintelligentfactories.TheintegrationofartificialintelligencewithindustrialInternet,bigdataanalysis,cloudcomputingandcyber-physicalsystemswillenabletheindustrytooperateinaflexible,efficientandenergy-savingmanner.“工業(yè)革命”第九章人工智能技術(shù)人工智能將轉(zhuǎn)變工作方式，幫助企業(yè)大幅提升現(xiàn)有勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，替代大部分勞動(dòng)力，正在成為一種全新的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)要素?！癐ndustrialRevolution”Chapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnologyArtificialIntelligencewillchangethewaywework,helpcompaniesgreatlyincreasetheexistinglaborproductivity,replacemostofthelaborforce.Artificialintelligenceisbecomingabrand-newindustrialproductionfactor.發(fā)展歷史9.1人工智能1950年，馬文·明斯基與他的同學(xué)鄧恩·埃德蒙一起，建造了世界上第一臺(tái)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī)；同年，阿蘭·圖靈提出了一個(gè)舉世矚目的想法：圖靈測(cè)試。1956年，約翰·麥卡錫首次提出“人工智能”一詞。DevelopmentHistory9.1ArtificialIntelligenceIn1950,MarvinMinskyandhisclassmateDunnEdmundbuilttheworld’sfirstneuralnetworkcomputer;Inthesameyear,AlanTuringproposedanideathatattractedworldwideattention:theTuringtest.In1956,JohnMcCarthyfirstproposedtheterm“artificialintelligence”.

發(fā)展歷史9.1人工智能我國(guó)80年代初期，在錢學(xué)森等科學(xué)家的主張下，人工智能研究才逐漸活躍起來(lái)；至80年代中期，中國(guó)的人工智能產(chǎn)業(yè)迎來(lái)曙光，開(kāi)始走上加速發(fā)展的道路。DevelopmentHistory9.1ArtificialIntelligenceInChina,intheearly1980s,withtheproposalofscientistssuchasQianXuesen,artificialintelligenceresearchgraduallybecameactive.Bythemid-1980s,China’sartificialintelligenceindustrysawsomepositivechanges,andbegantoembarkonthepathofaccelerateddevelopment.產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈9.1人工智能Industrychain9.1ArtificialIntelligence主要技術(shù)方向9.1人工智能Maintechnicaldirection9.1ArtificialIntelligence計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)9.1人工智能計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)，指計(jì)算機(jī)從圖像中識(shí)別出物體、場(chǎng)景和活動(dòng)的能力；運(yùn)用由圖像處理操作及其他技術(shù)所組成的序列，來(lái)將圖像分析任務(wù)分解為便于管理的小塊任務(wù)。computervision9.1ArtificialIntelligenceComputervisionreferstothecomputer’sabilitytorecognizeobjects,scenesandactivitiesfromimages.Itusesasequenceofimageprocessingoperationsandothertechnologiestodecomposeimageanalysistasksintosmalltasksthatareeasytomanage.機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)9.1人工智能機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，指計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)無(wú)須遵照顯式的程序指令，而是依靠數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)提升自身性能的能力；從數(shù)據(jù)中自動(dòng)發(fā)現(xiàn)模式，模式一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)便可用于預(yù)測(cè)。machinelearning9.1ArtificialIntelligenceMachinelearningreferstotheabilityofacomputersystemnottofollowexplicitprograminstructions,buttorelyondatatoimproveitsperformance.Patternsareautomaticallydiscoveredfromthedata,andoncethepatternsarediscovered,theycanbeusedforprediction.自然語(yǔ)言處理9.1人工智能自然語(yǔ)言處理，指計(jì)算機(jī)擁有人類般的文本處理的能力。從文本中提取意義，甚至從那些可讀的、風(fēng)格自然、語(yǔ)法正確的文本中自主解讀出含義。naturallanguageprocessing9.1ArtificialIntelligenceNaturallanguageprocessingreferstotheabilityofcomputerstoprocesstextlikehumans.Itextractsmeaningfromtext,andeveninterpretsmeaningautonomouslyfromtextsthatarereadable,naturalinstyle,andgrammaticallycorrect.協(xié)作機(jī)器人9.1人工智能協(xié)作機(jī)器人，將機(jī)器視覺(jué)、自動(dòng)規(guī)劃等認(rèn)知技術(shù)整合至極小性能卻極高的傳感器、制動(dòng)器以及設(shè)計(jì)巧妙的硬件中，即為協(xié)作機(jī)器人；它有能力與人類一起工作，能在各種未知環(huán)境中靈活處理不同的任務(wù)。collaborativerobots9.1ArtificialIntelligenceCollaborativerobotintegratescognitivetechnologiessuchasmachinevisionandautomaticplanningintosensorsandactuatorswithextremelysmallsizebutextremelyhigh-performance,andwelldesignedhardware;Ithastheabilitytoworkwithhumansandcanflexiblyhandledifferenttasksinvariousunknownenvironments.語(yǔ)音識(shí)別9.1人工智能語(yǔ)音識(shí)別，主要關(guān)注自動(dòng)且能準(zhǔn)確地轉(zhuǎn)錄人類語(yǔ)音的技術(shù)，該技術(shù)必須具備與自然語(yǔ)言類似的處理問(wèn)題的能力。speechrecognition9.1ArtificialIntelligenceSpeechrecognitionmainlyfocusesonthetechnologythatcantranscribehumanspeechautomaticallyandaccurately.Thetechnologymusthavetheabilitytodealwithproblemssimilartonaturallanguage.重要性9.1人工智能從全球產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展來(lái)看，人工智能是第四次科技革命的主要技術(shù)之一，也是全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，關(guān)系著國(guó)家發(fā)展前途和命運(yùn)。Importance9.1ArtificialIntelligenceFromtheperspectiveofglobalindustrialdevelopment,artificialintelligenceisoneofthemaintechnologiesofthefourthtechnologicalrevolutionandthemainbattlefieldofglobalcompetition,whichiscloselyrelatedtothefuturedevelopmentofonecountry.本次課到此結(jié)束TheEnd《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)導(dǎo)論》AnIntroductiontoIndustrialInternetLecturer：ZhouHaifei擺脫邊界限制9.2工業(yè)人工智能工業(yè)人工智能為工業(yè)帶來(lái)的第一個(gè)革命性的改變，就是擺脫人類認(rèn)知和知識(shí)邊界的限制，為決策和優(yōu)化提供可量化依據(jù)。Getridofborderrestrictions9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceThefirstrevolutionarychangethatindustrialartificialintelligencebringstoindustryistogetridofthelimitationsofhumancognitionandknowledgeboundaries,andtoprovideaquantifiablebasisfordecisionsupportandcollaborativeoptimization.

聚焦工業(yè)制造9.2工業(yè)人工智能工業(yè)人工智能可視為“人工智能+工業(yè)”的垂直行業(yè)領(lǐng)域，其屬性聚焦于工業(yè)制造系統(tǒng)。Focusonindustrialmanufacturing9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceIndustrialartificialintelligencecamberegardedasaverticalindustryfieldof“artificialintelligence+industry”,whichfocusesonindustrialmanufacturingsystems.工業(yè)鄰域應(yīng)用9.2工業(yè)人工智能在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)驅(qū)動(dòng)的高級(jí)分析是普及較早的一項(xiàng)人工智能應(yīng)用，該技術(shù)通過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)技術(shù)和最優(yōu)化模型，助力生產(chǎn)效率、能源效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。Industrialapplications9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceIntheindustrialfield,advancedanalysisdrivenbymachinelearningisanearlierapplicationofartificialintelligence.Thistechnology,throughpredictivetechnologyandoptimizationmodels,improvesproductionefficiency,energyefficiencyandproductquality.工業(yè)鄰域應(yīng)用9.2工業(yè)人工智能機(jī)器視覺(jué)是工業(yè)人工智能的另一項(xiàng)主流應(yīng)用，該技術(shù)通過(guò)解析非結(jié)構(gòu)性圖像數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)提供洞見(jiàn)，在質(zhì)量過(guò)程控制和檢驗(yàn)方面效果明顯。Industrialapplications9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceMachinevisionisanothermainstreamapplicationofindustrialartificialintelligence.Thistechnologyprovidesinsightsbyanalyzingunstructuredimagedata,andworksbetterinqualityprocesscontrolandinspection.長(zhǎng)期過(guò)程9.2工業(yè)人工智能基于人工智能的智能制造的實(shí)現(xiàn)是個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程。目前的工業(yè)人工智能，實(shí)際上還是“人工+機(jī)器智能”，在人工智能時(shí)代，企業(yè)的工程師、工匠精神與經(jīng)驗(yàn)，仍將發(fā)揮不可取代的作用。along-termprocess9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceTherealizationofintelligentmanufacturingbasedonartificialintelligenceisalong-termprocess.Thecurrentindustrialartificialintelligenceis“artificial+machineintelligence”.Intheeraofartificialintelligence,thespiritandexperienceofengineersa