《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)導論》AnIntroductiontoIndustrialInternetLecturer：ZhouHaifei知識圖譜第九章人工智能技術OutlineChapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnology“工業(yè)革命”第九章人工智能技術人工智能與工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的結合是必然的趨勢，亦是工廠實現(xiàn)智能化的核心技術體現(xiàn)；人工智能與工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)分析、云計算和信息物理系統(tǒng)的集成將使工業(yè)以靈活、高效和節(jié)能的方式運作?！癐ndustrialRevolution”Chapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnologyThecombinationofartificialintelligenceandtheindustrialInternetisaninevitabletrend,andAIalsoreflectsthecoretechnologyofintelligentfactories.TheintegrationofartificialintelligencewithindustrialInternet,bigdataanalysis,cloudcomputingandcyber-physicalsystemswillenabletheindustrytooperateinaflexible,efficientandenergy-savingmanner.“工業(yè)革命”第九章人工智能技術人工智能將轉(zhuǎn)變工作方式，幫助企業(yè)大幅提升現(xiàn)有勞動生產(chǎn)率，替代大部分勞動力，正在成為一種全新的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)要素。“IndustrialRevolution”Chapter9ArtificialIntelligenceTechnologyArtificialIntelligencewillchangethewaywework,helpcompaniesgreatlyincreasetheexistinglaborproductivity,replacemostofthelaborforce.Artificialintelligenceisbecomingabrand-newindustrialproductionfactor.發(fā)展歷史9.1人工智能1950年，馬文·明斯基與他的同學鄧恩·埃德蒙一起，建造了世界上第一臺神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡計算機；同年，阿蘭·圖靈提出了一個舉世矚目的想法：圖靈測試。1956年，約翰·麥卡錫首次提出“人工智能”一詞。DevelopmentHistory9.1ArtificialIntelligenceIn1950,MarvinMinskyandhisclassmateDunnEdmundbuilttheworld’sfirstneuralnetworkcomputer;Inthesameyear,AlanTuringproposedanideathatattractedworldwideattention:theTuringtest.In1956,JohnMcCarthyfirstproposedtheterm“artificialintelligence”.

發(fā)展歷史9.1人工智能我國80年代初期，在錢學森等科學家的主張下，人工智能研究才逐漸活躍起來；至80年代中期，中國的人工智能產(chǎn)業(yè)迎來曙光，開始走上加速發(fā)展的道路。DevelopmentHistory9.1ArtificialIntelligenceInChina,intheearly1980s,withtheproposalofscientistssuchasQianXuesen,artificialintelligenceresearchgraduallybecameactive.Bythemid-1980s,China’sartificialintelligenceindustrysawsomepositivechanges,andbegantoembarkonthepathofaccelerateddevelopment.產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈9.1人工智能Industrychain9.1ArtificialIntelligence主要技術方向9.1人工智能Maintechnicaldirection9.1ArtificialIntelligence計算機視覺9.1人工智能計算機視覺，指計算機從圖像中識別出物體、場景和活動的能力；運用由圖像處理操作及其他技術所組成的序列，來將圖像分析任務分解為便于管理的小塊任務。computervision9.1ArtificialIntelligenceComputervisionreferstothecomputer’sabilitytorecognizeobjects,scenesandactivitiesfromimages.Itusesasequenceofimageprocessingoperationsandothertechnologiestodecomposeimageanalysistasksintosmalltasksthatareeasytomanage.機器學習9.1人工智能機器學習，指計算機系統(tǒng)無須遵照顯式的程序指令，而是依靠數(shù)據(jù)來提升自身性能的能力；從數(shù)據(jù)中自動發(fā)現(xiàn)模式，模式一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)便可用于預測。machinelearning9.1ArtificialIntelligenceMachinelearningreferstotheabilityofacomputersystemnottofollowexplicitprograminstructions,buttorelyondatatoimproveitsperformance.Patternsareautomaticallydiscoveredfromthedata,andoncethepatternsarediscovered,theycanbeusedforprediction.自然語言處理9.1人工智能自然語言處理，指計算機擁有人類般的文本處理的能力。從文本中提取意義，甚至從那些可讀的、風格自然、語法正確的文本中自主解讀出含義。naturallanguageprocessing9.1ArtificialIntelligenceNaturallanguageprocessingreferstotheabilityofcomputerstoprocesstextlikehumans.Itextractsmeaningfromtext,andeveninterpretsmeaningautonomouslyfromtextsthatarereadable,naturalinstyle,andgrammaticallycorrect.協(xié)作機器人9.1人工智能協(xié)作機器人，將機器視覺、自動規(guī)劃等認知技術整合至極小性能卻極高的傳感器、制動器以及設計巧妙的硬件中，即為協(xié)作機器人；它有能力與人類一起工作，能在各種未知環(huán)境中靈活處理不同的任務。collaborativerobots9.1ArtificialIntelligenceCollaborativerobotintegratescognitivetechnologiessuchasmachinevisionandautomaticplanningintosensorsandactuatorswithextremelysmallsizebutextremelyhigh-performance,andwelldesignedhardware;Ithastheabilitytoworkwithhumansandcanflexiblyhandledifferenttasksinvariousunknownenvironments.語音識別9.1人工智能語音識別，主要關注自動且能準確地轉(zhuǎn)錄人類語音的技術，該技術必須具備與自然語言類似的處理問題的能力。speechrecognition9.1ArtificialIntelligenceSpeechrecognitionmainlyfocusesonthetechnologythatcantranscribehumanspeechautomaticallyandaccurately.Thetechnologymusthavetheabilitytodealwithproblemssimilartonaturallanguage.重要性9.1人工智能從全球產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展來看，人工智能是第四次科技革命的主要技術之一，也是全球競爭的主戰(zhàn)場，關系著國家發(fā)展前途和命運。Importance9.1ArtificialIntelligenceFromtheperspectiveofglobalindustrialdevelopment,artificialintelligenceisoneofthemaintechnologiesofthefourthtechnologicalrevolutionandthemainbattlefieldofglobalcompetition,whichiscloselyrelatedtothefuturedevelopmentofonecountry.本次課到此結束TheEnd《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)導論》AnIntroductiontoIndustrialInternetLecturer：ZhouHaifei擺脫邊界限制9.2工業(yè)人工智能工業(yè)人工智能為工業(yè)帶來的第一個革命性的改變，就是擺脫人類認知和知識邊界的限制，為決策和優(yōu)化提供可量化依據(jù)。Getridofborderrestrictions9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceThefirstrevolutionarychangethatindustrialartificialintelligencebringstoindustryistogetridofthelimitationsofhumancognitionandknowledgeboundaries,andtoprovideaquantifiablebasisfordecisionsupportandcollaborativeoptimization.

聚焦工業(yè)制造9.2工業(yè)人工智能工業(yè)人工智能可視為“人工智能+工業(yè)”的垂直行業(yè)領域，其屬性聚焦于工業(yè)制造系統(tǒng)。Focusonindustrialmanufacturing9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceIndustrialartificialintelligencecamberegardedasaverticalindustryfieldof“artificialintelligence+industry”,whichfocusesonindustrialmanufacturingsystems.工業(yè)鄰域應用9.2工業(yè)人工智能在工業(yè)領域中，機器學習驅(qū)動的高級分析是普及較早的一項人工智能應用，該技術通過預測技術和最優(yōu)化模型，助力生產(chǎn)效率、能源效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。Industrialapplications9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceIntheindustrialfield,advancedanalysisdrivenbymachinelearningisanearlierapplicationofartificialintelligence.Thistechnology,throughpredictivetechnologyandoptimizationmodels,improvesproductionefficiency,energyefficiencyandproductquality.工業(yè)鄰域應用9.2工業(yè)人工智能機器視覺是工業(yè)人工智能的另一項主流應用，該技術通過解析非結構性圖像數(shù)據(jù)來提供洞見，在質(zhì)量過程控制和檢驗方面效果明顯。Industrialapplications9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceMachinevisionisanothermainstreamapplicationofindustrialartificialintelligence.Thistechnologyprovidesinsightsbyanalyzingunstructuredimagedata,andworksbetterinqualityprocesscontrolandinspection.長期過程9.2工業(yè)人工智能基于人工智能的智能制造的實現(xiàn)是個長期的過程。目前的工業(yè)人工智能，實際上還是“人工+機器智能”，在人工智能時代，企業(yè)的工程師、工匠精神與經(jīng)驗，仍將發(fā)揮不可取代的作用。along-termprocess9.2IndustrialArtificialIntelligenceTherealizationofintelligentmanufacturingbasedonartificialintelligenceisalong-termprocess.Thecurrentindustrialartificialintelligenceis“artificial+machineintelligence”.Intheeraofartificialintelligence,thespiritandexperienceofengineersa