2025年托福考試閱讀真題模擬模擬試卷：歷史文化傳承考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：本部分共10題，每題有5個(gè)單詞選項(xiàng)，你需要根據(jù)上下文語境，選擇最合適的單詞填入空格中，使句子意思通順、完整。注意，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能使用一次。1.TheancientGreekcivilizationmadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentofWesternphilosophy,literature,andthearts,leavinga______legacythatcontinuestoinfluencemodernthoughtandculture.A.profoundB.fleetingC.obscureD.fragmentedE.temporary2.DuringtheRenaissance,EuropeanscholarsandartistsweredeeplyinspiredbytheruinsofancientRomancities,whichprovidedthemwithawealthof______fortheirowncreativeendeavors.A.fragmentsB.obstaclesC.foundationsD.conflictsE.interruptions3.TheMayancivilization,knownforitsadvancedastronomicalknowledgeandintricatecalendarsystems,wasabletomakeremarkablyaccurate______ofcelestialevents,whichplayedacrucialroleintheirreligiousandagriculturalpractices.A.predictionsB.observationsC.experimentsD.discoveriesE.explanations4.TheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinthelate18thcenturyinBritain,markedaturningpointinhumanhistorybyintroducingwidespread______ofmachineryandfactoryproduction,fundamentallyalteringsocialandeconomicstructures.A.adoptionB.rejectionC.abandonmentD.modificationE.transformation5.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatculturalandintellectualrevivalinEurope,characterizedbyarenewedinterestinclassicaltexts,humanism,andthe______ofnewideasandartisticstyles.A.suppressionB.promotionC.neglectD.destructionE.suppression6.TheancientEgyptiancivilization,withitsremarkablearchitecturalachievementslikethepyramids,developedasophisticatedsystemofwritingknownashieroglyphs,whichwasusedtorecordreligioustexts,historicalevents,and______documents.A.legalB.scientificC.artisticD.commercialE.personal7.TheEnlightenment,anintellectualandculturalmovementofthe17thand18thcenturies,emphasizedreason,individualism,andskepticismoftraditionalauthority,leadingtosignificant______inpolitical,social,andscientificdomains.A.revolutionsB.regressionsC.conservationsD.deteriorationsE.stagnations8.TheancientChinesecivilization,withitsrichculturalheritage,developedauniquesystemofphilosophyandgovernanceknownasConfucianism,whichemphasizedtheimportanceofsocialharmony,moralvirtues,and______betweenrulerandsubject.A.conflictB.cooperationC.competitionD.indifferenceE.separation9.TheAzteccivilization,knownforitscomplexsocialstructureandextensivetradenetworks,builtimpressivecitieswithadvancedinfrastructure,includingaqueductsand______systems,whichsupportedtheirlargepopulations.A.agriculturalB.transportationC.educationalD.religiousE.commercial10.TheancientIndiancivilization,withitsprofoundphilosophicalandreligioustraditions,developedarichliterarytradition,includingtheepicpoemstheMahabharataandtheRamayana,whichexploredthemesofmorality,______,andthehumancondition.A.politicsB.economicsC.geographyD.spiritualityE.mathematics二、閱讀理解要求：本部分共5篇文章，每篇文章后有5道選擇題，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇最符合題意的答案。Article1:TheRiseandFalloftheRomanEmpireTheRomanEmpire,whichlastedfrom27BCEto476CE,wasoneofthemostinfluentialcivilizationsinworldhistory.Atitsheight,theempireencompassedavastterritory,stretchingfromBritaintoEgyptandfromSpaintoMesopotamia.TheRomanswereknownfortheiradvancedengineeringskills,whichenabledthemtobuildimpressiveinfrastructure,includingroads,aqueducts,andcities.Theirmilitaryprowessalsoplayedacrucialroleinexpandingandmaintainingtheempire.However,theRomanEmpireeventuallyfacednumerouschallenges,includinginternalpoliticalinstability,economicdecline,andexternalthreatsfrombarbarianinvasions.TheempiregraduallysplitintotheWesternRomanEmpireandtheEasternRomanEmpire,withtheWesternEmpirecollapsingin476CE.Despiteitsfall,theRomanlegacycontinuedtoinfluenceEuropeanculture,law,andgovernanceforcenturies.1.WhatwasoneofthekeyfactorsthatcontributedtotheriseoftheRomanEmpire?A.GeographicisolationB.AdvancedengineeringskillsC.LimitedmilitarypowerD.PoliticalinstabilityE.Economicdecline2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheRomanEmpireatitspeak?A.Asmall,decentralizedstateB.Avast,unifiedempireC.Aweak,fragmentedsocietyD.Anisolated,ruralcommunityE.Atechnologicallybackwardcivilization3.WhatweresomeofthechallengesthattheRomanEmpirefaced?A.NaturaldisastersandclimatechangeB.Internalpoliticalinstability,economicdecline,andbarbarianinvasionsC.TradedisruptionsandresourceshortagesD.ReligiousconflictsandphilosophicaldebatesE.Culturalstagnationandartisticdecline4.HowdidtheRomanEmpireeventuallydecline?A.DuetoaseriesofmilitarydefeatsagainstexternalenemiesB.BecauseofinternalpoliticalreformsandsocialchangesC.AsaresultofeconomiccollapseandtradedisruptionsD.FromthespreadofnewreligiousbeliefsandideologiesE.Duetothefailureoftheiradvancedengineeringprojects5.WhatisthelastinglegacyoftheRomanEmpire?A.TheestablishmentofaglobalempireB.ThedevelopmentofmoderndemocracyC.TheinfluenceonEuropeanculture,law,andgovernanceD.ThecreationofadvancedscientifictheoriesE.ThespreadofasinglereligioustraditionArticle2:TheImpactoftheIndustrialRevolutionTheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinthelate18thcenturyinBritain,markedasignificantturningpointinhumanhistory.Itwascharacterizedbythewidespreadadoptionofmachineryandfactoryproduction,whichfundamentallyalteredsocialandeconomicstructures.TheIndustrialRevolutionledtothegrowthofurbancenters,aspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiesinsearchofworkinfactories.Thisurbanizationresultedinnewsocialchallenges,includingovercrowding,poorsanitation,andtheriseofurbanpoverty.TheIndustrialRevolutionalsohadaprofoundimpactontheenvironment.Theincreaseduseofcoalandotherfossilfuelsledtoairpollutionandtheemissionofgreenhousegases,contributingtoclimatechange.Additionally,theexploitationofnaturalresourcesandtheexpansionofindustrialactivitiescauseddeforestationandhabitatdestruction.Despitethesenegativeconsequences,theIndustrialRevolutionbroughtaboutsignificantadvancementsintechnology,transportation,andcommunication.Theinventionofthesteamengine,thedevelopmentofrailways,andtheintroductionoftelegraphsystemsrevolutionizedthewaypeoplelivedandworked.Theseadvancementsledtoincreasedproductivity,economicgrowth,andimprovedlivingstandardsformany.However,theIndustrialRevolutionalsocreatedsocialinequalitiesandlaborexploitation.Theworkingconditionsinfactorieswereoftenharsh,withlonghours,lowwages,andinadequatesafetymeasures.Childlaborwasalsoprevalent,aschildrenwereforcedtoworkindangerousenvironmentstosupporttheirfamilies.Theseissuesledtotheriseoflabormovementsandthedemandforworkers'rightsandbetterworkingconditions.1.WhatwasthemaincharacteristicoftheIndustrialRevolution?A.ThedeclineofruralcommunitiesB.ThewidespreadadoptionofmachineryandfactoryproductionC.ThegrowthofagriculturalproductivityD.TheriseofpoliticalrevolutionsE.Theexpansionoftradenetworks2.HowdidtheIndustrialRevolutionimpacturbancenters?A.ItledtothedeclineofcitiesandthegrowthofruralareasB.Itcausedovercrowding,poorsanitation,andurbanpovertyC.ItpromotedthedevelopmentofplannedcitiesandimprovedlivingconditionsD.ItledtothedeclineofurbanpopulationsandtheabandonmentofcitiesE.Itfosteredthegrowthofsmalltownsandruralcommunities3.WhatweresomeoftheenvironmentalconsequencesoftheIndustrialRevolution?A.ThereductionofairpollutionandtheimprovementofenvironmentalqualityB.TheincreaseduseofrenewableenergysourcesandtheprotectionofnaturalhabitatsC.TheexploitationofnaturalresourcesandtheemissionofgreenhousegasesD.TherestorationofforestsandthereductionofhabitatdestructionE.Thedevelopmentofsustainablepracticesandtheconservationofbiodiversity4.WhatweresomeofthesocialinequalitiesandlaborexploitationthatoccurredduringtheIndustrialRevolution?A.TheequaldistributionofwealthandtheabsenceoflabordisputesB.TheimprovementofworkingconditionsandtheeliminationofchildlaborC.Theriseoflabormovementsandthedemandforworkers'rightsD.TheestablishmentoffairwagesandsafeworkingenvironmentsE.Theabsenceofsocialclassesandthepromotionofequalopportunities5.WhatweresomeoftheadvancementsthatresultedfromtheIndustrialRevolution?A.ThedeclineoftechnologyandthestagnationofinnovationB.Theinventionofthesteamengine,thedevelopmentofrailways,andtheintroductionoftelegraphsystemsC.ThereductionoftransportationandcommunicationnetworksD.ThedeclineofproductivityandeconomicgrowthE.Theabsenceofsignificanttechnologicaladvancements三、句子填空要求：本部分共10題，每題是一個(gè)不完整的句子，后面會(huì)提供幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，你需要根據(jù)句子的意思，選擇最合適的選項(xiàng)來補(bǔ)全句子，使句子意思完整、通順。1.TheancientGreeksdevelopedasophisticatedsystemofmathematics,whichincludedtheconceptof______,afundamentalprincipleingeometryandtrigonometry.A.parallelismB.parallelismC.parallelismD.parallelismE.parallelism2.TheRenaissancesawarevivalofclassicallearningandart,withfigureslikeLeonardodaVinciandMichelangeloproducingworksthat______humanismandthebeautyofthenaturalworld.A.celebratedB.criticizedC.ignoredD.questionedE.rejected3.TheMayancalendar,withitscomplexstructureandaccuratealignmentwithcelestialevents,wasaremarkableachievementthatdemonstratedtheMayans'advancedunderstandingof______andastronomy.A.mathematicsB.agricultureC.religionD.geographyE.history4.TheIndustrialRevolutionbroughtaboutsignificantchangesintransportation,withtheinventionofthesteamengineleadingtothedevelopmentofrailwaysthat______peopleandgoodsacrossvastdistancesmorequicklyandefficiently.A.connectedB.isolatedC.separatedD.hinderedE.limited5.TheEnlightenmentemphasizedreasonandindividualism,challengingtraditionalauthorityandpromotingideasthat______forpolitical,social,andscientificprogress.A.hinderedB.suppressedC.encouragedD.preventedE.contradicted6.TheancientChineseinventionofpaperrevolutionizedthespreadofknowledge,makingwrittenmaterialsmoreaccessibleand______forrecord-keeping,literature,andcommunication.A.expensiveB.rareC.affordableD.difficultE.limited7.ThefalloftheWesternRomanEmpirein476CEmarkedtheendofaperiodofrelativestabilityandthebeginningoftheMiddleAges,atimecharacterizedby______,invasions,andthefragmentationofpoliticalpower.A.prosperityB.unityC.culturaldeclineD.economicgrowthE.technologicaladvancement8.TheRenaissancewasnotjustanartisticmovementbutalsoanintellectualone,withscholarslikeCopernicusandGalileomaking______thatchallengedtraditionalviewsoftheuniverseandlaidthegroundworkformodernscience.A.discoveriesB.failuresC.errorsD.advancementsE.observations9.TheMayancivilization'sarchitecturalachievements,suchasthepyramidsandtemples,werenotonlyimpressivestructuresbutalsoservedasimportant______forreligiousceremonies,astronomicalobservations,andsocialgatherings.A.symbolsB.decorationsC.functionsD.purposesE.locations10.TheIndustrialRevolutionalsohadnegativeconsequences,includingthepollutionofairandwater,thedepletionofnaturalresources,andthe______ofurbanpopulations,leadingtosocialproblemslikeovercrowdingandpoorsanitation.A.increaseB.decreaseC.declineD.migrationE.concentration四、閱讀理解要求：本部分共5篇文章，每篇文章后有5道選擇題，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇最符合題意的答案。Article3:TheRoleofReligioninAncientCivilizationsReligionplayedacentralroleinthelivesofpeopleinancientcivilizations,influencingtheirsocialstructures,politicalsystems,andculturalpractices.TheancientEgyptians,forexample,worshipedapantheonofgodsandgoddesses,withfigureslikeRa,Isis,andOsirisplayingimportantrolesintheirmythologyandreligiousbeliefs.Theconstructionofmonumentalstructureslikethepyramidsandtempleswaslargelydrivenbyreligiouspurposes,servingasplacesofworshipandburialfortheelite.InancientMesopotamia,theSumeriansandAkkadiansdevelopedacomplexsystemofpolytheisticreligion,withgodsandgoddessesrepresentingvariousnaturalforcesandaspectsoflife.TheEpicofGilgamesh,oneoftheearliestknownworksofliterature,reflectstheSumerians'beliefsabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandgods,aswellastheirviewsonheroism,mortality,andtheafterlife.TheancientGreeksalsohadarichreligioustradition,withapantheonofgodsandgoddesseslikeZeus,Hera,andAthenawhowerebelievedtoinfluencehumanaffairs.Greekmythology,withitstalesofgodsandheroes,playedasignificantroleinGreekcultureandart.TheOlympicGames,forexample,wereheldinhonorofZeus,thegodoftheskyandthunder.InancientIndia,theIndusValleyCivilizationhadasophisticatedsystemofreligion,althoughmuchofitremainsamysteryduetothelackofwrittenrecords.ArchaeologicalevidencesuggeststhattheIndusValleypeopleworshippedavarietyofdeities,includingamothergoddessandamalegodwhomayhavebeenassociatedwiththesun.1.Whatwastheroleofreligioninancientcivilizations?A.Itwasamarginalaspectoflifewithlittleinfluenceonsociety.B.Itplayedacentralroleinsocialstructures,politicalsystems,andculturalpractices.C.Itwasprimarilyconcernedwithindividualspiritualexperiences.D.Itwaslimitedtotheeliteandhadnoimpactoncommonpeople.E.Itwasasourceofconflictanddivisioninsociety.2.HowdidtheancientEgyptiansusereligiontoshapetheirsociety?A.Theyignoredreligiousbeliefsandfocusedonpoliticalandeconomicissues.B.Theyusedreligiontojustifysocialhierarchiesandtheruleofthepharaohs.C.Theypracticedreligionindividuallywithoutanycommunityinvolvement.D.Theyusedreligiontopromotepeaceandharmonyinsociety.E.Theyusedreligiontoexplainnaturalphenomenaandcontrolthepopulation.3.WhatcanwelearnfromtheEpicofGilgameshaboutSumerianreligion?A.Itwasfocusedontheworshipofasinglegodandtheafterlife.B.Itemphasizedtheimportanceofhumanheroismandthestruggleagainstgods.C.Itwasapolytheisticreligionwithabeliefintheafterlife.D.Itwasprimarilyconcernedwiththeworshipofanimalsandnature.E.Itwasamonotheisticreligionwithstrictmoralcodes.4.HowdidGreekmythologyinfluenceGreekculture?A.IthadnoimpactonGreekcultureandwasconsideredirrelevant.B.ItinfluencedGreekart,literature,andtheOlympicGames.C.Itwasusedtoexplainscientificphenomenaandnaturalevents.D.Itwasprimarilyconcernedwithhistoricaleventsandpoliticalfigures.E.Itwasasourceofmoralguidanceandsocialnorms.5.WhatisknownaboutthereligionoftheIndusValleyCivilization?A.ItwassimilartothereligionofancientEgyptandMesopotamia.B.Itwasapolytheisticreligionwithafocusonamothergoddessandamalegod.C.Itwasamonotheisticreligionwithstrictritualsandceremonies.D.Ithadnoreligiousbeliefsandwasconsideredasecularcivilization.E.Itwasareligionbasedontheworshipofanimalsandnature.Article4:TheInfluenceofTradeonAncientCivilizationsTradeplayedacrucialroleinthedevelopmentandprosperityofancientcivilizations,facilitatingtheexchangeofgoods,ideas,andtechnologiesbetweendifferentregions.TheSilkRoad,forexample,wasanetworkoftraderoutesthatconnectedChinawiththeMediterraneanworld,enablingtheexchangeofsilk,spices,andothervaluablecommodities.Thistradenetworknotonlybroughteconomicbenefitsbutalsofosteredculturalexchangeandthespreadofreligiousandphilosophicalideas.InancientMesopotamia,tradewasessentialforthesurvivalandgrowthofcitieslikeBabylonandUr.TheMesopotamianstradedgoodssuchasgrains,textiles,andpotterywithneighboringregions,exchangingthemformetals,timber,andotherresourcesthattheylacked.Tradealsofacilitatedthedevelopmentofwritingsystems,astheneedtokeeprecordsoftransactionsledtotheinventionofcuneiformscript.TheancientGreeksalsoreliedheavilyontrade,withtheircoastalcitieslikeAthensandCorinthbecomingmajortradinghubs.TheGreekstradedgoodssuchasoliveoil,wine,andpotterywithotherMediterraneancivilizations,includingEgypt,Phoenicia,andtheBlackSearegion.TradehelpedtospreadGreekcultureandlanguage,contributingtothedevelopmentofacommonHellenisticidentity.InancientIndia,theIndusValleyCivilizationhadanextensivetradenetworkthatconnectedthemwithregionsasfarawayasMesopotamia.TheIndusValleypeopletradedgoodssuchascottontextiles,beads,andpottery,exchangingthemformetals,preciousstones,andothervaluableitems.Tradealsofacilitatedthespreadofreligiousandculturalpractices,asevidencedbythepresenceofIndusValleyartifactsinotherregions.1.Whatwastheimportanceoftradeinancientcivilizations?A.Itwasamarginalactivitywithlittleimpactonsociety.B.Itfacilitatedtheexchangeofgoods,ideas,andtechnologiesbetweendifferentregions.C.Itwasprimarilyconcernedwiththetradeofluxurygoodsandhadnoculturalsignificance.D.Itwaslimitedtotheeliteandhadnoimpactoncommonpeople.E.Itwasasourceofconflictanddivisioninsociety.2.HowdidtheSilkRoadcontributetothedevelopmentofancientcivilizations?A.Itledtothedeclineofcitiesandthegrowthofruralareas.B.Itfacilitatedtheexchangeofsilk,spices,andothervaluablecommoditiesbetweenChinaandtheMediterraneanworld.C.Itwasatraderouteusedforthetransportationofslavesandotherundesirablegoods.D.Ithadnoimpactonancientcivilizationsandwasconsideredirrelevant.E.Itledtothespreadofdiseasesandthedeclineofpopulationinaffectedregions.3.HowdidtradeinfluencethedevelopmentofwritingsystemsinancientMesopotamia?A.Tradehadnoimpactonthedevelopmentofwritingsystems.B.Theneedtokeeprecordsoftransactionsledtotheinventionofcuneiformscript.C.Writingsystemsweredevelopedindependentlyoftradeandhadnoconnectiontoit.D.Tradeledtothedeclineofwritingsystemsaspeoplepreferredoralcommunication.E.Writingsystemswereprimarilyusedforreligiouspurposesandhadnoconnectiontotrade.4.HowdidtradeinfluenceGreekcultureandlanguage?A.IthadnoimpactonGreekcultureandlanguage.B.IthelpedtospreadGreekcultureandlanguage,contributingtothedevelopmentofacommonHellenisticidentity.C.ItledtothedeclineofGreekcultureandtheadoptionofforeignlanguages.D.ItprimarilyinfluencedtheGreeklanguagebyintroducingalargenumberofforeignwords.E.IthadnoimpactontheGreeklanguageandwasconsideredirrelevant.5.HowdidtradeinfluencetheIndusValleyCivilization?A.IthadnoimpactontheIndusValleyCivilizationandwasconsideredirrelevant.B.Itfacilitatedtheexchangeofcottontextiles,beads,andpotterywithotherregions,contributingtoeconomicprosperity.C.ItledtothedeclineoftheIndusValleyCivilizationastheywereoverwhelmedbytrade.D.ItprimarilyinfluencedthereligiouspracticesoftheIndusValleypeople.E.IthadnoimpactontheculturalpracticesoftheIndusValleypeopleandwasconsideredirrelevant.Article5:TheImpactofUrbanizationonAncientSocietiesUrbanization,theprocessofpopulationconcentrationincities,hadaprofoundimpactonancientsocieties,shapingtheirsocialstructures,economicsystems,andculturalpractices.TheriseofcitieslikeUruk,Babylon,andMemphiswasadefiningcharacteristicofancientMesopotamiaandEgypt,respectively.Thesecitieswerecentersofpoliticalpower,economicactivity,andculturalinnovation,attractinglargepopulationsandfosteringthedevelopmentofcomplexsocialhierarchies.Thegrowthofurbancentersledtothespecializationoflabor,aspeoplebegantofocusonspecifictradesandprofessions.Thisspecializationoflaborincreasedproductivityandefficiency,contributingtoeconomicgrowthandthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies.Forexample,theconstructionofmonumentalstructureslikethepyramidsandzigguratsrequiredahighlyorganizedlaborforcewithspecializedskillsinarchitecture,engineering,andconstruction.Urbanizationalsoledtothedevelopmentofnewsocialstructuresandinstitutions.Theconcentrationofpopulationincitiescreatednewchallenges,suchastheneedforeffectivegovernance,publicservices,andinfrastructure.CitieslikeAthensandRomedevelopedsophisticatedpoliticalsystems,legalcodes,andpublicworks,whichhelpedtomanagetheirgrowingpopulationsandmaintainsocialorder.However,urbanizationalsohadnegativeconsequences,includingovercrowding,poorsanitation,andthespreadofdiseases.Thecloseproximityofpeopleincitiescreatedidealconditionsforthespreadofinfectiousdiseases,leadingtoperiodicoutbreaksofepidemics.Additionally,theconcentrationofpopulationinurbanareasoftenledtosocialproblemssuchaspoverty,crime,andinequality.1.Whatwastheimpactofurbanizationonancientsocieties?A.Ithadnoimpactonancientsocietiesandwasconsideredirrelevant.B.Itshapedtheirsocialstructures,economicsystems,andculturalpractices.C.Itledtothedeclineofcitiesandthegrowthofruralareas.D.Itprimarilyinfluencedthereligiouspracticesofancientsocieties.E.Ithadnoimpactontheeconomicsystemsofancientsocietiesandwasconsideredirrelevant.2.HowdidthegrowthofcitieslikeUruk,Babylon,andMemphisshapeancientsocieties?A.Theyhadnoimpactonancientsocietiesandwereconsideredirrelevant.B.Theywerecentersofpoliticalpower,economicactivity,andculturalinnovation.C.Theyledtothedeclineofruralareasandtheabandonmentoffarmingcommunities.D.Theyprimarilyinfluencedthereligiouspracticesofancientsocieties.E.Theyhadnoimpactonthesocialstructuresofancientsocietiesandwereconsideredirrelevant.3.Howdidurbanizationleadtothespecializationoflabor?A.Ithadnoimpactonthespecializationoflaborandwasconsideredirrelevant.B.Theconcentrationofpopulationincitiescreatednewjobopportunitiesandledtothespecializationoflabor.C.Urbanizationledtothedeclineofspecializedlaboraspeoplepreferredtoworkinruralareas.D.Itprimarilyinfluencedthereligiouspracticesofancientsocieties.E.Ithadnoimpactontheeconomicsystemsofancientsocietiesandwasconsideredirrelevant.4.Howdidurbanizationleadtothedevelopmentofnewsocialstructuresandinstitutions?A.Ithadnoimpactonthedevelopmentofnewsocialstructuresandinstitutions.B.Theconcentrationofpopulationincitiescreatednewchallenges,leadingtothedevelopmentofnewsocialstructuresandinstitutions.C.Urbanizationledtothedeclineofsocialstructuresandinstitutionsaspeoplepreferredtoliveinruralareas.D.Itprimarilyinfluencedthereligiouspracticesofancientsocieties.E.Ithadnoimpactontheculturalpracticesofancientsocietiesandwasconsideredirrelevant.5.Whatweresomeofthenegativeconsequencesofurbanization?A.Ithadnonegativeconsequencesandwasconsideredirrelevant.B.Overcrowding,poorsanitation,andthespreadofdiseases.C.Thedeclineofcitiesandthegrowthofruralareas.D.Thedevelopmentofnewsocialstructuresandinstitutions.E.Thespecializationoflaborandincreasedproductivity.五、句子填空要求：本部分共10題，每題是一個(gè)不完整的句子，后面會(huì)提供幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，你需要根據(jù)句子的意思，選擇最合適的選項(xiàng)來補(bǔ)全句子，使句子意思完整、通順。1.TheancientGreeksmadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentofWesternphilosophy,withfigureslikeSocrates,Plato,andAristotle______awiderangeofphilosophicalideasandconceptsthatcontinuetoinfluencemodernthought.A.exploringB.ignoringC.rejectingD.dismissingE.neglecting2.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatculturalandintellectualrevivalinEurope,witharenewedinterestinclassicaltexts,humanism,andthe______ofnewideasandartisticstyles.A.promotionB.suppressionC.neglectD.destructionE.abandonment3.TheIndustrialRevolutionbroughtaboutsignificantchangesintransportation,withtheinventionofthesteamengineleadingtothedevelopmentofrailwaysthat______peopleandgoodsacrossvastdistancesmorequicklyandefficiently.A.connectedB.isolatedC.separatedD.hinderedE.limited4.TheancientChineseinventionofpaperrevolutionizedthespreadofknowledge,makingwrittenmaterialsmoreaccessibleand______forrecord-keeping,literature,andcommunication.A.affordableB.rareC.expensiveD.difficultE.limited5.ThefalloftheWesternRomanEmpirein476CEmarkedtheendofaperiodofrelativestabilityandthebeginningoftheMiddleAges,atimecharacterizedby______,invasions,andthefragmentationofpoliticalpower.A.prosperityB.unityC.culturaldeclineD.economicgrowthE.technologicaladvancement6.TheancientEgyptiansdevelopedasophisticatedsystemofmathematics,whichincludedtheconceptof______,afundamentalprincipleingeometryandtrigonometry.A.parallelismB.parallelismC.parallelismD.parallelismE.parallelism7.TheancientGreeksalsohadarichreligioustradition,withapantheonofgodsandgoddesseslikeZeus,Hera,andAthenawhowerebelievedtoinf