必修第1冊Unit2--Unit3Unit2一.拓展單詞——我會變1．applyvi.&vt.申請vt.應用；涂→n．申請；應用→n．申請人3．arrangementn．安排；籌備→vt.&vi.安排；籌備4．extremelyadv.極其；非常→adj.極其的；極度的5．powerfuladj.強有力的；有權勢的→n．能力；力量；權力→adj.無力的；無能的6．officialadj.官方的；正式的n．官員→n．辦公室→n．軍官7．recognisevt.辨別出；承認；認可→n．承認；認可8．accommodationn．住處；膳宿→vt.提供住處9．admirevt.欽佩；贊賞→n．崇拜；贊賞→adj.令人贊賞的10．architecturen．建筑設計；建筑學→n．建筑設計師11．economyn．經濟；節(jié)約→adj.經濟(上)的；經濟學的二.核心短語1．申請2．控制；接管3．除……以外4．構成；形成5．信用卡6．(在旅館、機場等)登記7．結賬離開(旅館等)三．經典句式1．forthisreasonSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.正是由于這個原因西班牙語是秘魯的一門主要的官方語言。2．theIncas’drystonemethodofbuilding.特別令人驚嘆的是印加人的干式石頭搭砌的建造方法。3．Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizesnothingwasneededtoholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.印加的建筑工人將石頭切割成精確的尺寸，僅僅憑著石頭間的完美契合，即可穩(wěn)固墻體。4．Eachstatuehasadifferentface，thateachoneisacopyofarealsoldier.每尊雕像都有一張不同的臉，這使得研究人員相信每尊雕像都是一個真實士兵的復制品。However，nooneinmoderntimesknewaboutthetombortheterracottastatuesuntil1974，whiletheywerediggingawell!然而，直到1974年，一些農民在挖井時發(fā)現(xiàn)了這座陵墓，現(xiàn)代人才知道了這座陵墓和兵馬俑！隨堂練習一.詞形變化填空(用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空)1．Muchtomy，hewasabletorecitethewholepointfrommemory.(amaze)2．Themanager(arrangement)forMissGreentopickupaforeignexpertattheairport.3．Whenyouareforajob，theinformationyougiveinyourcan’tbetoogeneral.Youshouldfocusonsomethingspecialaboutyourself.(apply)4．Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore，hecangoshoppingwithout(recognize)．5．Iamwritingtoaskifyourschooloffers(accommodate)duringthecoursebecausemyhomeisfarfromschool.6．Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodern(architect)andagoodknowledgeoftraditions.7．Samhasworkedinthecompanyfor20years，andhishonestyhasearnedhimgreatrespectand.Soeveryoneofushim.(admire)二.經典句型仿寫1．正因為如此，史密斯先生為他的學生所崇拜。MrSmithisadmiredbyhisstudents.2．特別令人崇拜的是，他能在非常短的時間內畫出極其詳細的地圖。Especiallyadmirableis.3．最近不曾有人打掃這個房間，以至于里面的所有東西都布滿了灰塵。Nobodyhascleaneduptheroomrecently.4．老師故意保持沉默，導致我們以為他生氣了。Theteacherkeptsilentonpurpose，thathewasangry.5．他出生于1949年，那一年，中華人民共和國成立了。Hewasbornin1949，.三．重點知識1.applyvt.涂；敷；應用；運用vi.申請；請求單句語法填空(1)Studentswhosehomeisfarawayfromschoolcanapplytheschoolaccommodation.(2)Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople，thatcanapplyinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast.(3)Heappliedsomecreamthewoundandthenappliedpressuretothebandage.(4)Hewasoneofthe30(apply)forthemanager’sjob，sohehadnoconfidenceinhimself.?apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申請某物applytosb./sth.適用于……applysth.to...把某物應用/涂抹于……applyoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于/集中精力于(做)某事?applicationn．申請(書)；應用?applicantn．申請人2.amazingadj.令人驚奇的；令人驚喜的單句語法填空(1)Wewereextremely(amaze)atthesoldier’scommentontheemperor.(2)Toour(amaze)，theguidelookingcarelessmadeperfectarrangementsforourtrip.(3)Itis(amaze)thatthehugestatuewascarvedfromasingleblockofstone.(4)Weweresoamazedtheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders.?amazevt.使驚訝?amazedadj.驚奇的；驚喜的；驚訝的beamazedat/by...對……感到驚訝beamazedtodosth.對做某事感到驚奇beamazedthat...對……吃驚?amazementn．驚訝toone’samazement讓某人驚訝的是arrangementn.安排；籌備常用復數形式單句語法填空(1)Thedirectorhasspeciallyarrangedforaperson(rent)thecastletomakeafilm.(2)Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsand(arrangement)specialactivitiesforchildren.?makearrangements/anarrangementfor...為……做安排?arrangev．籌備；安排；整理arrangetodosth.安排去做某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事4.recognisevt.辨認出；承認；公認單句語法填空(1)SpanishisrecognisedanofficiallanguageinPerubecauseSpaintookcontrolofitinthe16thcenturyandruleduntil1821.(2)ItiswidelyrecognisedcalligraphyisanimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.(3)AlbertEinsteinisrecognised(be)oneofthegreatestphysicistsinthe20thcentury.(4)Ourcityhaschangedsomuchthatitisnowbeyond(recognise)．?berecognisedas/tobe...被公認為……Itisrecognisedthat...人們公認……?recognitionn．認出；承認beyond/outofrecognition認不出來5.requestn.&vt.要求；請求先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Ourtravelagencyoffersseveralpackagetourstherequestoftourists.(2)Allpassengersarerequested(check)inbeforetheflighttakesoff.(3)Ourteacherrequestedthatwe(hand)inhomeworkontime.?atsb.’srequest＝attherequestofsb.應某人的請求、要求?eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(requestsb.todosth.,requestthatsb.shoulddosth.,Itisrequestedthatsb.shoulddosth.))要求某人做某事注意：動詞request后的賓語從句及名詞request之后的表語從句或同位語從句的謂語動詞要用“shoulddo”，should可以省略。6.viewn．風景；視野；觀點；見解vt.觀看；看待單句語法填空(1)Arrivingatourdestinationonthemountaintopthroughasmallpath，Ifinallyhadagoodviewthecastle.(2)viewoftheterribleweather，theeventswillbeheldindoors.(3)LiangSichengwasviewedoneofthebestarchitectsofhisgeneration.?inone’sview＝fromone’spointofview在某人看來inviewof考慮到；由于haveagoodviewof...清楚地看到；飽覽?view...as...把……看作……7.contactvt.聯(lián)絡；聯(lián)系n．聯(lián)系；接觸單句語法填空(1)FormorebrochuresaboutotherpackagetoursaroundPeru，contactustourinfo@.(2)Takingonthischallengewillbringyouincontactsomeonewhosharesyourinterests.?getinto/makecontactwith和……取得聯(lián)系stay/keepincontactwith與……保持聯(lián)系beoutof/losecontactwith與……失去聯(lián)系?contactsb.at...通過(郵箱電話等)與某人聯(lián)系8.強調句ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.正是由于這個原因西班牙語是秘魯的一門主要的官方語言。單句語法填空(1)Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawaladysittinginthepassengerseat.(2)ItwasmysisterhelpedmeoutwhenIwasintrouble.?強調句的基本句型：Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．?強調句的一般疑問句：Is/Wasit＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？?強調句的特殊疑問句：疑問詞(被強調部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？?not...until...結構的強調句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...注意：(1)記住句式結構，不管強調人或物都可用that；強調人時可用who。(2)強調句與定語從句的區(qū)別：①強調句的特點：去掉itis/was和that/who后句子結構完整，意義清楚。②時間、地點狀語前是否有介詞是判斷這兩種句式的關鍵。例如：ItwasintheshopthatImetanoldfriendofmine.(強調句型)ItwastheshopwhereImetanoldfriendofmine.(定語從句)Unit3一.拓展單詞——我會變1．fitnessn．健康；健壯；適合→adj.適合的；健康的vt.適合→adj.不適合的2．hostvt.主辦；主持n．主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→n．女主人3．honourn．榮譽；尊敬；榮幸→adj.可敬的；體面的→adj.受尊敬的4．championshipn．錦標賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號→n．冠軍；優(yōu)勝者5．determinationn．決心；決定→v．決心；決意→adj.堅決的6．injurevt.使受傷；損害→adj.受傷的；有傷的→n．傷害；損傷7．strengthn．力量；體力→v．增強→adj.強壯的8．failuren．失??；失敗的人(或事物)→v．失敗9．competevi.競爭；對抗→n．競爭；比賽→n．競爭者；對手→adj.競爭的10．stressn．壓力；緊張；重音vt.強調；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安→adj.造成壓力的→adj.感到壓力的二.核心短語1．跟隨；到達；進步；趕快2．鍛煉；計算出；解決3．獲得成功；準時到達4．樹立榜樣5．破裂；破碎；崩潰6．喪失信心；泄氣7．放棄；投降8．有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚9．假裝做某事10．即使；雖然11．有作用或影響12．而不是13．停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下14．有時；偶爾15．與……比較三。經典句式1．Theymustbeathletesandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.他們必須是他們(各自的)運動領域的高手，而且為其他人樹立了很好的榜樣。2．wasabigchallenge，butLangPingdidnotloseheart.失去兩位重要的運動員是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，但郎平并沒有灰心。3．TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagoyoungpeoplesince1996.他在芝加哥所創(chuàng)建的“男孩女孩俱樂部”從1996年至今一直在幫助年輕人。4．“Iwanttolosethreekilos”，Iwouldsay“Iwanttoruntwokilometresineightminutes”or“Iwanttobeabletodo30push-ups”．我不再說“我想減掉3千克”，而是說“我想在8分鐘內跑2千米”或“我希望能坐30個俯臥撐”。5．aboutmyselfandmybody，Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.通過積極看待自我和自己的身體，我變得更快樂、更健康了。隨堂練習一.詞形變化填空(用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空)1．Duringtheforum，DongQing，afamouswhooftenwonderfulprograms，sharedherexperienceofcreatingthereader.(host)2．Mysisterisagirl，soweknowthatonceshehasdeterminedtodosomething，shewillmakeherdreamcometruewithgreat.(determine)3．Thoughtheartshowtoattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected，itwasfarfrombeinga；itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)4．Theofficialismoreawareofthanbeforeandheworksoutingymstokeepfitregularly.(fit)5．Morethan10,000fromdifferentcountriescametoBeijingandwitheachotherinthegamesformedals.(compete)6．Amazingly，themorethejobis，thebetteryourperformancewillbe.Inotherwords，feelingbenefitsyourperformanceinaway.(stress)7．Thesoldiergotinthebattleandsufferedaseriousintheleftankle.(injure)二.經典句型仿寫1．我們想要一個工作努力、有愛心并且幽默的老師。Wewantateacher.2．沒有通過考試讓他很苦惱，但他并沒喪失信心。，buthedidn’tloseheart.3．總有很多人支持你的努力，不是嗎？Therearealwayslotsofpeopleinsupportofyourefforts，?4．沒有向老師們求助，他決定自己解決這個問題。，heisdeterminedtoworkouttheproblembyhimself.5．通過學習英文歌曲，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的英語口語提高了。，youwillfindyouroralEnglishimproved.三．重點知識1.honourn.榮譽；尊敬；榮幸單句語法填空(1)MichaelJordan，amasterinbasketball，neverlosthearteveniffacedwithfailure，forwhichhewasgreatly(honour)．(2)Aceremonywasheldbylocalpeopleinhonourthosekilledinthebattle.(3)Ifeelitagreathonourtobeinvitedtothegraduationceremony.?It’sanhonourforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事很榮幸。feelitanhonourtodosth.為做某事感到榮幸inhonourof...向……表示敬意；為紀念……?be/feelhonouredtodosth.做某事感到榮幸2.determinationn.決心；決定單句語法填空(1)Writeapoemabouthowcourage，(determine)，andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.(2)Hedetermined(work)twiceashardasbeforetomakeupforthelosttime.(3)(determine)tostudyhard，KuangHengdugasmallholeinthewalltosteallightfromhisneighbor’shousetoreadatnight.?determinev．測定；決定；確定determinetodo...決定做……(表示動作)determineon/upon(doing)sth.決定(做)某事?determinedadj.堅決的；有決心的bedeterminedtodo...決心做……(表示狀態(tài))3.injuryn.傷害；損傷單句語法填空(1)Thecaptainpretendedtobe(injury)，whichbroughthimayellow-cardwarning.(2)Theweresenttothenearesthospitalbytherescueteamtotreattheirinjuries.(injure)?injuredadj.受傷的theinjured受傷的人；傷員?injurevt.傷害；損傷get/beinjured受傷4.failuren.失??；失敗的人或事物先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Theathletedidn’twinamedalorbecomeachampion，buttheaudiencedidn’tviewhimasfailure.(2)Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings，ourmistakesandour(fail)．(3)Themanfeltdepressedthathefailed(persuade)hiswifetochangehermind.?failure作可數名詞，意為“失敗者，失敗的事”；作不可數名詞，意為“失敗”。類似的詞還有success，surprise，honour，difficulty等。?failv．失??；不及格failtodosth.沒做成某事5.competevi.競爭；對抗單句語法填空(1)Astheyoungest(compete)，Johnwillcompeteinthewritingcontestothersfortheannualawardofwriting.Sohemustbevery(compete)sothathecouldwin.(2)Theathletethoughtabouthonorandglorywhencompetingamedal.(3)OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoral(compete)heldthisMonday.?competeagainstsb.和某人競爭competeforsth.為……而競爭competeinsth.在……中競爭?competitiveadj.競爭的，競爭心強的；有競爭力的?competitorn．競爭者，競爭對手；參賽者?competitionn．競爭；競賽，比賽6.giveup放棄；投降givein屈服，投降giveout分發(fā)；用光giveaway贈送；泄露giveoff散發(fā)光和熱等givewayto給……讓路givesb.ahand幫某人一個忙根據句意用give短語的正確形式填空(1)Ifapersonhasnothadenoughsleepinthenight，hisactionswillhimduringtheday.(2)Hehadintendedtowriteanarticle，butafterafruitlessmorningsittingathisdesk，he.(3)Ontheedgeofthejacket，thereisapieceofclothwhichlightinthedark.7.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚makefor走向；沖向makeit成功；及時達到makea/nodifference有/沒有影響makeone’sway前往；成功makesenseof弄懂……的意思makesure確信；一定makeup組成；補償；編造；化妝；和解根據句意用make短語的正確形式填空(1)HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIhadahardtimetryingtowhattheyreallymeant.(2)Pretendingtohaveunderstoodwhatyourteachersaiddoesn’t.(3)Whetherheishereornottoourwork.(4)Whatastrongwind!Idon’tthinkwewilltotheairportontime.8.ratherthan而不是單句語法填空(1)Thefatherratherthanthebrothers(be)responsiblefortheaccident.(2)Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthan(pretend)nottoseethemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.(3)LoveFone，acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthan(abandon)them，openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.?ratherthan連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的單復數應與前面的主語保持一致，即“就遠原則”。與之用法類似的詞還有aswellas，(together/along)with，but，except，besides，including，inadditionto，apartfrom等。?ratherthan前后連接的詞的詞性通常是一致的。?ratherthan后接動詞時，動詞的形式通常和前面動詞的形式一致。?woulddoAratherthandoB＝wouldratherdoAthandoB＝prefertodoAratherthandoB寧愿做A而不愿做B9.cut...out停止做或使用、食用；剪下cutacross穿過某地尤指抄近路cutin插嘴cutoff中止；切掉；使隔絕cutup切碎cutdown砍倒；削減；刪節(jié)；縮小尺寸、數量等根據句意用cut短語的正確形式填空(1)Thecurrentadvicetopregnantwomenistoalcohol.(2)IusuallytheparkonmywayhomesothatIcanarrivehomeearly.(3)Shekeptononourconversation，whichmadeusveryannoyed.(4)Hethemeatonhisplateimpatientlytoshowhisanger.隨堂練習AIfyourkitchenishometojustonetypeofcookingoil，youaremissingout.Aswellastheiruniquetastes，differentoilshavedifferentproperties.Here'sasummaryofcookingtechniquesandwhichwidelyavailableoilsuitseachbest：FORGRILLING，BROWNING，ANDDEEP-FRYINGAlmond(杏仁)oilisamemberofthehealthymonounsaturated(單一不飽和的)fatgroup,alongwitholiveandmacadamianutoil.Ithasahighsmokepoint(450℃)，soitcanbeusedforallkindsofcookingandaddthatall-importantextranuttyflavor.Storeinacooldryplace.FORBAKINGANDSTIR-FRYINGMacadamianutoilgivesanydisharichbutteryflavorandisfullofantioxidants(抗氧化劑)andmonounsaturatedfats.Itcantolerateupto230℃andwilllastuptothreeyearsifstoredinadry，coolplace.FORLIGHTCOOKING，SAUCES，ANDLOW-HEATBAKINGSesame(芝麻)oilisoftendescribedasthequeenofoilsandiswidelyusedasacookingoilinIndiaandaflavorenhancerinChineseandSoutheastAsiancuisine.Unlikesomecookingoils，sesameoilisdelicateandwillspoilafteronlyafewmonths.Alwaysstoreintherefrigerator.FORCOLDSALADDRESSINGS，DIPSANDMARINADESExtravirginoliveoilisoneoftheworld'shealthiestfoodsandloadedwithflavor，whichwillvarydependingonwheretheolivesaregrown.Ifstoredinadarkbottleawayfromlightandheat，extravirginoliveoilcanlastupto12months.1．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Whichoilisyourchoice?B．Howtobuyoil?C．Howtocook?D．Whichcookingtechniqueisthebest?2．Accordingtothepassage，whichtworequirethesamestoringcondition?A．Almondoilandmacadamianutoil.B．Macadamianutoilandsesameoil.C．Sesameoilandextravirginoliveoil.D．Extravirginoliveoilandalmondoil.3．Whichisthebestmatchaccordingtothepassage?A．GRILLING，BROWNING，ANDDEEP-FRYING—macadamianutoilB．BAKINGANDSTIR-FRYING—sesameoilC．LIGHTCOOKING，SAUCES，ANDLOW-HEATBAKING—almondoilD．COLDSALADDRESSINGS，DIPSANDMARINADES—extravirginoliveoilBTherumorprovedalltoobitterlytrue：Park'sHardware,adowntowninstitutionofOronoforover100years，wouldbeclosing.Localscross-examined，andbeggedLin，theownerofthestore，butinvain.Runningasmall，local，family-ownedhardwarebusinesswasnolongerprofit-making.Thetown'saffectionforPark'sHardwarewasjustnotenoughtoallowittocompeteagainstthegiantwarehousestores.IwasonememberoftheexcitedmassesthatbegantowalkthroughPark'sas，daybyday，theletteringonthefrontwindowchangedfrom“20%OFFEVERYTHING”to“30%”，“40%”，andonandon，untiltheonlythingsleftwerethelightsockets(插座)anddoorknobs.Comparedwithgiantwarehouses，ahardwarestoreisspecial.IrecallthetimeIwasexploringinonegiantwarehouseforawirelessdoorbellthatPark'sdidn'tcarry.Ifoundthething，butdidn'tunderstandthefollowingnoteonthepackage:“Redlightindicatesconditionofthebattery.”“Excuseme，”Isaidtoaclerk，holdingtheitemout，“Ican'tseemtofindtheredlight.”Themanexaminedit,andsaid,“NeithercanI．”IcontrastedthisexperiencewithoneIroutinelyhadatPark's.“Lin，”I'dbeg.“Canyou...please...Idon'tknow...doyouthink...？”Andquickerthanonecouldsay，“l(fā)ittleredlight，”Linwouldspringintoactionandtogetherwe'dsitdowntofindthesolution.Icouldbuyasinglescrew(螺絲釘)atPark's.AtawarehouseIhavenochoicebuttobuyaboxofahundredscrews.ButIdon'twantaboxofahundredscrewswhenallIneedisone.Ijustwanttoknowthelocationofthelittleredlight，andnowthatPark'sisgone，IrealizethatIneverwill.4．WhydidPark'sdecidetostopitsbusiness?A．Theownerinvestedinotherbusiness.B．Theownercouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.C．Itslocationwasnotconvenientforshopping.D．Itcouldn'twinenoughaffectionfromthelocals.5．WhatdidPark'sdobeforeclosing?A．Ithadaclosingdownsale.B．Itstruggledforitsreorganization.C．Itdistributeditsgoodstoregulars.D．Itlookedforanewowner.6．Whatdoesthewriter'sexperienceinParagraph3indicate?A．Thebenefitofhavingmorechoices.B．ThepressureofcompetitionforPark's.C．ThegoodserviceofPark's.D．Theresponsibleworkingattitudeoflargestores.7．What'sthewriter'stoneinwritingthispassage?A．Humorous. B．Supportive.C．Critical. D．Regretful.Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Althoughpeoplevalueintelligence—understanding，reasoning，theabilitytolearn—theyalsorespectwisdom，ortheknowledgeandexperiencethattheygainoveralifetime.Insomeways，wisdomislikebeauty:wevalueit，wedesireit，weknowitwhenweseeit，butitisnearlyimpossibletopindownsuchanicequality.11．Workingatbeingsocial.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhostayconnectedwithothersshowhigherlevelsofwisdomthanthosewhoremainalone.2Nexttimeyou'reatapartyorgathering，singleoutsomeonewho'sstandingaloneandstrikeupaconversation.2．3Wisdominvolvesbeingabletounderstandallsidesofanissuewithoutlettingpersonalfeelingsgetintheway.Openingyourmindmeansrealizingthateveryonehasalifestorythatinfluencestheiractions.Duringthecourseofeveryday，makeanoteoftheissuesthatannoyyou，andtak