2025年無損檢測資格證考試無損檢測英語寫作模擬試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本部分共25小題，每小題2分，共50分。請將正確答案的序號填涂在答題卡上。）1.Whendiscussingtheprinciplesofultrasonictesting,whatisthemostaccuratedescriptionoftheterm"acousticimpedance"?A)Theresistanceofthematerialtotheflowofsoundwaves.B)Theproductofthematerial'sdensityandthespeedofsoundwithinthatmaterial.C)Theamountofenergyabsorbedbythematerialduringwavepropagation.D)Thefrequencyatwhichtheultrasonicwavesaregenerated.2.Intermsofmagneticparticletesting,whichofthefollowingscenarioswouldbetheleastsuitablefordetectingsurface-breakingdefects?A)Inspectingaweldedjointforcracks.B)Testingagearforwear-inducedsurfaceflaws.C)Examiningasteamturbinebladefordelamination.D)Checkingacastingforshrinkageporosity.3.Whenperformingeddycurrenttesting,theterm"skineffect"refersto:A)Thetendencyofeddycurrentstoflowdeeperintothematerialasfrequencydecreases.B)Thedisruptionofeddycurrentflowduetomaterialimperfections.C)Thereductionineddycurrentintensitywithincreasingfrequency.D)Thereflectionofeddycurrentsbacktowardsthesource.4.Inthecontextofradiographictesting,whichtypeofdefectistypicallymostdifficulttodetectusingX-rayorgamma-rayimaging?A)Porositywithinamaterial.B)CracksrunningparalleltothedirectionoftheX-raybeam.C)Inclusionsembeddedwithinthematerial.D)Delaminationbetweenlayersofacompositematerial.5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofusingacouplantinultrasonictesting?A)Toamplifytheultrasonicwavesastheytravelthroughthematerial.B)Toprotectthetransducerfromdamageduringthetest.C)Tofacilitatetheefficienttransferofultrasonicenergyfromthetransducertothetestpiece.D)Toincreasethespeedofsoundwithinthematerial.6.Whenconductingamagneticparticleinspection,theuseofadrypowdermagneticparticlematerialispreferredoverawetsuspensionwhen:A)Thesurfacetobeinspectedisheavilypittedorrough.B)Theinspectionrequiresahighdegreeofsensitivity.C)Thepartcannotbeeasilycleanedordriedafterinspection.D)Theinspectionneedstobeperformedinawetorhumidenvironment.7.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatisthemainadvantageofusingadual-frequencyprobe?A)Itallowsfortheinspectionofmaterialswithvaryingthicknesses.B)Itincreasesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.C)Itprovidesamoreaccuratemeasurementofmaterialproperties.D)Itreducestheriskofeddycurrentsaturation.8.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthesignificanceofthe"penetrationdepth"ofanX-rayorgamma-raybeam?A)Itdeterminesthemaximumthicknessofmaterialthatcanbeinspected.B)Itindicatesthedepthtowhichtheradiationcanpenetratethematerialwithoutbeingabsorbed.C)Itaffectstheresolutionoftheradiograph.D)Itdeterminesthedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.9.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"beamwidth"refersto:A)Theangleatwhichtheultrasonicwavesspreadoutastheytravelthroughthematerial.B)Thediameteroftheultrasonicbeamataspecificdepthwithinthematerial.C)Thedistancebetweenthetransducerandthetestpiece.D)Thenumberofcyclespersecondoftheultrasonicwaves.10.Whenperformingmagneticparticletesting,theapplicationofmagneticfluxtoapartistypicallyachievedby:A)Passinganelectriccurrentthroughacoilwrappedaroundthepart.B)Usingapermanentmagnettocreatethemagneticfield.C)Inducingamagneticfieldthroughthepartbyeddycurrents.D)Applyingachemicalsolutiontotheparttoenhancemagneticproperties.11.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatistheprimaryreasonforusingamagneticfieldsensorinconjunctionwithaneddycurrentprobe?A)Tomeasurethemagneticpropertiesofthematerialbeinginspected.B)Toprovideareferencefortheorientationoftheeddycurrentprobe.C)Todetectthepresenceofferromagneticmaterialsneartheprobe.D)Toenhancethesensitivityoftheprobetosurface-breakingdefects.12.Wheninterpretingradiographs,whatisthetermusedtodescribethebrightareasthatrepresentdefects?A)Shadowing.B)Contrast.C)Radiolucency.D)Markings.13.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingawater-basedcouplant?A)Toincreasethespeedofsoundasittravelsthroughthematerial.B)Toprovideamediumfortransmittingultrasonicwavesfromthetransducertothetestpiece.C)Toprotectthetransducerfromelectricaldamage.D)Toenhancetheresolutionoftheultrasonicinspection.14.Whenconductingamagneticparticleinspection,whatisthetermusedtodescribetheprocessofremovingthemagneticfluxfromthepartafterinspection?A)Demagnetization.B)Magneticsaturation.C)Fluxremoval.D)Magneticinduction.15.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatistheeffectofincreasingthefrequencyoftheeddycurrentprobe?A)Itincreasesthedepthofpenetrationoftheeddycurrents.B)Itdecreasesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.C)Itreducestheriskofeddycurrentsaturation.D)Itenhancestheabilitytodetectsubsurfaceflaws.16.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingacontrastmedium?A)Toenhancethevisibilityofdefectsontheradiograph.B)ToincreasethepenetrationdepthoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam.C)Toreducethedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.D)Toprotecttheoperatorfromradiationexposure.17.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereultrasonicwavesarereflectedbacktowardsthetransducerduetoachangeinacousticimpedanceataboundary?A)Refraction.B)Diffraction.C)Reflection.D)Absorption.18.Whenperformingmagneticparticletesting,whatistheadvantageofusingawetmagneticparticlesuspension?A)Itprovidesahighersensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itismorecost-effectivethandrypowdermethods.C)Itcanbeappliedtoawiderrangeofmaterials.D)Itdoesnotrequiretheparttobecompletelydryafterinspection.19.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereeddycurrentsareinducedinanearbyconductivepart?A)Mutualinductance.B)Eddycurrentloss.C)Proximityeffect.D)Skineffect.20.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthesignificanceofthe"exposuretime"?A)Itdeterminesthedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.B)ItindicatesthedurationoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam'soperation.C)Itaffectsthecontrastoftheradiograph.D)Itdeterminestheresolutionoftheradiograph.21.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingatransducerwithaspecificpulse-echomode?A)Toincreasetheamplitudeoftheultrasonicwaves.B)Toprovideameansofmeasuringthetimeittakesforultrasonicwavestotravelthroughthematerial.C)Toenhancetheresolutionoftheultrasonicinspection.D)Toprotectthetransducerfromelectricaldamage.22.Whenconductingamagneticparticleinspection,whatisthetermusedtodescribetheprocessofapplyingmagneticfluxtoapart?A)Magneticinduction.B)Magnetization.C)Fluxapplication.D)Magneticsaturation.23.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatistheeffectofusingaprobewithalargerdiameter?A)Itincreasesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itreducesthedepthofpenetrationoftheeddycurrents.C)Itenhancestheabilitytodetectsubsurfaceflaws.D)Itprovidesamoreaccuratemeasurementofmaterialproperties.24.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingaleadshield?A)Toprotecttheoperatorfromradiationexposure.B)Toenhancethevisibilityofdefectsontheradiograph.C)ToincreasethepenetrationdepthoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam.D)Toreducethedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.25.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereultrasonicwavesarescatteredinmultipledirectionsduetoanimperfectioninthematerial?A)Reflection.B)Refraction.C)Diffraction.D)Scattering.二、填空題（本部分共15小題，每小題2分，共30分。請將正確答案填入題中的橫線上。）1.Theprocessofdetectingandlocatingdefectsinmaterialswithoutcausingdamagetothematerialisknownas_______.2.Inmagneticparticletesting,theterm"magneticparticle"refersto_______.3.Thespeedofsoundinamaterialisaffectedbyfactorssuchas_______and_______.4.Eddycurrenttestingisprimarilyusedfordetecting_______and_______inconductivematerials.5.TheintensityofX-raysorgamma-raysisinfluencedbyfactorssuchas_______,_______,and_______.6.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonicbeam"refersto_______.7.Theprocessofremovingthemagneticfluxfromapartaftermagneticparticleinspectioniscalled_______.8.Thedepthtowhicheddycurrentspenetrateamaterialisdeterminedbythe_______oftheappliedfrequency.9.Thevisibilityofdefectsonaradiographisinfluencedbythe_______betweenthedefectandthesurroundingmaterial.10.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonictransducer"refersto_______.11.Theprocessofapplyingmagneticfluxtoapartinmagneticparticletestingiscalled_______.12.Eddycurrenttestingissensitivetochangesinthe_______and_______ofthematerial.13.TheprocessofexposingaparttoX-raysorgamma-raysforradiographicinspectioniscalled_______.14.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonicwave"refersto_______.15.Theprocessofinterpretingradiographstoidentifydefectsiscalled_______.---一、選擇題（本部分共25小題，每小題2分，共50分。請將正確答案的序號填涂在答題卡上。）26.Whenperformingeddycurrenttesting,whichofthefollowingscenarioswouldbethemostsuitablefordetectingsubsurfacedefects?A)Inspectingaweldedjointforcracks.B)Testingagearforwear-inducedsurfaceflaws.C)Examiningasteamturbinebladefordelamination.D)Checkingacastingforshrinkageporosity.27.Inthecontextofradiographictesting,whichtypeofdefectistypicallyeasiesttodetectusingX-rayorgamma-rayimaging?A)Porositywithinamaterial.B)CracksrunningparalleltothedirectionoftheX-raybeam.C)Inclusionsembeddedwithinthematerial.D)Delaminationbetweenlayersofacompositematerial.28.Whatistheprimaryadvantageofusingacontactultrasonictransduceroveranon-contacttransducer?A)Itprovidesahighersensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itismorecost-effectivethannon-contacttransducers.C)Itcanbeusedonawiderrangeofmaterials.D)Itdoesnotrequireacouplantforefficientenergytransfer.29.Whenconductingamagneticparticleinspection,theuseofawetmagneticparticlesuspensionispreferredoveradrypowdermagneticparticlematerialwhen:A)Thesurfacetobeinspectedisheavilypittedorrough.B)Theinspectionrequiresahighdegreeofsensitivity.C)Thepartcannotbeeasilycleanedordriedafterinspection.D)Theinspectionneedstobeperformedinadryenvironment.30.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatisthemaindisadvantageofusingasingle-frequencyprobe?A)Itreducesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itincreasestheriskofeddycurrentsaturation.C)Itmakesitdifficulttoinspectmaterialswithvaryingthicknesses.D)Itprovidesalessaccuratemeasurementofmaterialproperties.31.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthesignificanceofthe"exposurevoltage"?A)Itdeterminesthedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.B)ItindicatestheenergyleveloftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam.C)Itaffectsthecontrastoftheradiograph.D)Itdeterminestheresolutionoftheradiograph.32.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingawater-basedcouplant?A)Toincreasethespeedofsoundasittravelsthroughthematerial.B)Toprovideamediumfortransmittingultrasonicwavesfromthetransducertothetestpiece.C)Toprotectthetransducerfromelectricaldamage.D)Toenhancetheresolutionoftheultrasonicinspection.33.Whenperformingmagneticparticletesting,theapplicationofmagneticfluxtoapartistypicallyachievedby:A)Passinganelectriccurrentthroughacoilwrappedaroundthepart.B)Usingapermanentmagnettocreatethemagneticfield.C)Inducingamagneticfieldthroughthepartbyeddycurrents.D)Applyingachemicalsolutiontotheparttoenhancemagneticproperties.34.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatistheeffectofincreasingthefrequencyoftheeddycurrentprobe?A)Itincreasesthedepthofpenetrationoftheeddycurrents.B)Itdecreasesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.C)Itreducestheriskofeddycurrentsaturation.D)Itenhancestheabilitytodetectsubsurfaceflaws.35.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingacontrastmedium?A)Toenhancethevisibilityofdefectsontheradiograph.B)ToincreasethepenetrationdepthoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam.C)Toreducethedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.D)Toprotecttheoperatorfromradiationexposure.36.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereultrasonicwavesarereflectedbacktowardsthetransducerduetoachangeinacousticimpedanceataboundary?A)Refraction.B)Diffraction.C)Reflection.D)Absorption.37.Whenperformingmagneticparticletesting,whatistheadvantageofusingadrypowdermagneticparticlematerial?A)Itprovidesahighersensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itismorecost-effectivethanwetsuspensionmethods.C)Itcanbeappliedtoawiderrangeofmaterials.D)Itdoesnotrequiretheparttobecompletelydryafterinspection.38.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereeddycurrentsareinducedinanearbyconductivepart?A)Mutualinductance.B)Eddycurrentloss.C)Proximityeffect.D)Skineffect.39.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthesignificanceofthe"exposuretime"?A)Itdeterminesthedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.B)ItindicatesthedurationoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam'soperation.C)Itaffectsthecontrastoftheradiograph.D)Itdeterminestheresolutionoftheradiograph.40.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingatransducerwithaspecificpulse-echomode?A)Toincreasetheamplitudeoftheultrasonicwaves.B)Toprovideameansofmeasuringthetimeittakesforultrasonicwavestotravelthroughthematerial.C)Toenhancetheresolutionoftheultrasonicinspection.D)Toprotectthetransducerfromelectricaldamage.41.Whenconductingamagneticparticleinspection,whatisthetermusedtodescribetheprocessofapplyingmagneticfluxtoapart?A)Magneticinduction.B)Magnetization.C)Fluxapplication.D)Magneticsaturation.42.Ineddycurrenttesting,whatistheeffectofusingaprobewithasmallerdiameter?A)Itincreasesthesensitivitytosurface-breakingdefects.B)Itreducesthedepthofpenetrationoftheeddycurrents.C)Itenhancestheabilitytodetectsubsurfaceflaws.D)Itprovidesamoreaccuratemeasurementofmaterialproperties.43.Regardingradiographictesting,whatisthepurposeofusingaleadshield?A)Toprotecttheoperatorfromradiationexposure.B)Toenhancethevisibilityofdefectsontheradiograph.C)ToincreasethepenetrationdepthoftheX-rayorgamma-raybeam.D)Toreducethedoseofradiationrequiredforasuccessfulinspection.44.Inultrasonictesting,whatisthetermusedtodescribethephenomenonwhereultrasonicwavesarescatteredinmultipledirectionsduetoanimperfectioninthematerial?A)Reflection.B)Refraction.C)Diffraction.D)Scattering.45.Whenperformingeddycurrenttesting,whatistheprimaryreasonforusingamagneticfieldsensorinconjunctionwithaneddycurrentprobe?A)Tomeasurethemagneticpropertiesofthematerialbeinginspected.B)Toprovideareferencefortheorientationoftheeddycurrentprobe.C)Todetectthepresenceofferromagneticmaterialsneartheprobe.D)Toenhancethesensitivityoftheprobetosurface-breakingdefects.---二、填空題（本部分共15小題，每小題2分，共30分。請將正確答案填入題中的橫線上。）1.Theprocessofdetectingandlocatingdefectsinmaterialswithoutcausingdamagetothematerialisknownas_______.2.Inmagneticparticletesting,theterm"magneticparticle"refersto_______.3.Thespeedofsoundinamaterialisaffectedbyfactorssuchas_______and_______.4.Eddycurrenttestingisprimarilyusedfordetecting_______and_______inconductivematerials.5.TheintensityofX-raysorgamma-raysisinfluencedbyfactorssuchas_______,_______,and_______.6.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonicbeam"refersto_______.7.Theprocessofremovingthemagneticfluxfromapartaftermagneticparticleinspectioniscalled_______.8.Thedepthtowhicheddycurrentspenetrateamaterialisdeterminedbythe_______oftheappliedfrequency.9.Thevisibilityofdefectsonaradiographisinfluencedbythe_______betweenthedefectandthesurroundingmaterial.10.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonictransducer"refersto_______.11.Theprocessofapplyingmagneticfluxtoapartinmagneticparticletestingiscalled_______.12.Eddycurrenttestingissensitivetochangesinthe_______and_______ofthematerial.13.TheprocessofexposingaparttoX-raysorgamma-raysforradiographicinspectioniscalled_______.14.Inultrasonictesting,theterm"ultrasonicwave"refersto_______.15.Theprocessofinterpretingradiographstoidentifydefectsiscalled_______.三、簡答題（本部分共5小題，每小題4分，共20分。請將正確答案寫在題中的橫線上。）1.請簡述超聲波檢測中“聲速”的概念及其影響因素。2.磁粉檢測中，為什么通常需要對被檢工件進(jìn)行退磁處理？請說明退磁的必要性。3.簡述渦流檢測中“趨膚效應(yīng)”的原理及其對檢測的影響。4.X射線檢測中，什么是“對比度”？它如何影響缺陷的可檢測性？5.超聲波檢測中，什么是“盲區(qū)”？產(chǎn)生的原因是什么？如何減小盲區(qū)的影響？四、論述題（本部分共2小題，每小題10分，共20分。請將正確答案寫在題中的橫線上。）1.試述渦流檢測相對于其他無損檢測方法的主要優(yōu)缺點，并說明其在工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用場景。2.結(jié)合實際工程案例，論述在設(shè)備制造或維修過程中，如何根據(jù)材料特性和缺陷類型選擇合適的無損檢測方法，并說明選擇依據(jù)。本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.B解析：聲阻抗是材料密度與聲速的乘積，它決定了聲波在界面處的反射和折射程度。選項A錯誤，電阻不是聲阻抗的定義；選項C錯誤，能量吸收不是聲阻抗的度量；選項D錯誤，頻率是聲波的一個特性，但不是聲阻抗的定義。2.D解析：shrinkageporosity（縮孔）是鑄件在冷卻過程中由于收縮產(chǎn)生的孔洞，通常位于鑄件的中心或厚壁處，這些孔洞往往較深，X射線或gamma射線難以穿透足夠深度來檢測。3.A解析：Skineffect（趨膚效應(yīng)）是指高頻交流電在導(dǎo)體中傳播時，電流傾向于集中在導(dǎo)體表面流動的現(xiàn)象。頻率越高，趨膚效應(yīng)越明顯，電流越接近表面。4.B解析：當(dāng)裂紋平行于X射線束時，裂紋與周圍材料對X射線的吸收差異很小，導(dǎo)致裂紋在radiograph上難以顯現(xiàn)。選項A、C、D中的缺陷通常與周圍材料有明顯的吸收差異，更容易檢測。5.C解析：Couplant（耦合劑）的作用是確保超聲波從transducer（探頭）有效傳遞到被檢材料中，減少能量損失。選項A、B、D描述的不是couplant的主要作用。6.A解析：Drypowder（干粉）磁粉檢測適用于表面光潔度較好的工件，但難以去除舊的磁痕指示。選項B、C、D描述的情況更適合使用wetsuspension（濕懸浮）磁粉檢測。7.A解析：Dual-frequencyprobe（雙頻探頭）可以在不同頻率下進(jìn)行檢測，有助于區(qū)分不同類型的缺陷和提高檢測靈敏度。選項B、C、D描述的不是雙頻探頭的優(yōu)勢。8.B解析：Penetrationdepth（穿透深度）是指X射線或gamma射線能夠穿透材料的最大厚度。選項A、C、D描述的不是penetrationdepth的定義。9.A解析：Beamwidth（波束寬度）是指超聲波束在傳播過程中擴(kuò)散的角度。選項B、C、D描述的不是beamwidth的定義。10.A解析：在磁粉檢測中，通常通過在工件上纏繞線圈并通以電流來產(chǎn)生磁場。選項B、C、D描述的不是常見的磁場產(chǎn)生方法。11.C解析：Magneticfieldsensor（磁場傳感器）用于檢測附近的磁場變化，常與渦流探頭配合使用，以評估材料的磁特性變化。選項A、B、D描述的不是磁場傳感器的用途。12.C解析：Radiolucency（射線透射性）是指材料對X射線或gamma射線的吸收程度。缺陷通常比周圍材料具有不同的射線透射性，導(dǎo)致在radiograph上形成可見的圖像。選項A、B、D描述的不是射線透射性的定義。13.B解析：Water-basedcouplant（水基耦合劑）是一種常用的超聲波耦合劑，能有效傳遞超聲波能量。選項A、C、D描述的不是水基耦合劑的作用。14.A解析：Demagnetization（退磁）是指去除工件上殘留的磁場。選項B、C、D描述的不是退磁的過程或目的。15.B解析：Increasingfrequency（提高頻率）會減少渦流穿透深度，從而降低對表面缺陷的敏感性。選項A、C、D描述的不是提高頻率的影響。16.A解析：Contrastmedium（造影劑）用于增強(qiáng)缺陷與周圍材料的對比度，使缺陷更容易在radiograph上顯現(xiàn)。選項B、C、D描述的不是造影劑的作用。17.C解析：Diffraction（衍射）是指超聲波在遇到界面或缺陷時發(fā)生偏折的現(xiàn)象。選項A、B、D描述的不是衍射的定義。18.B解析：Wetmagneticparticlesuspension（濕磁粉懸浮液）檢測適用于表面光潔度較差的工件，但靈敏度通常高于干粉。選項A、C、D描述的情況更適合使用干粉磁粉檢測。19.C解析：Proximityeffect（鄰近效應(yīng)）是指當(dāng)兩個導(dǎo)體靠近時，高頻電流在導(dǎo)體表面流動的分布發(fā)生改變的現(xiàn)象。選項A、B、D描述的不是鄰近效應(yīng)的定義。20.B解析：Exposuretime（曝光時間）是指X射線或gamma射線照射材料的時間長度，它影響radiograph的密度。選項A、C、D描述的不是曝光時間的影響。21.B解析：Pulse-echomode（脈沖回波模式）是超聲波檢測中常用的模式，通過測量超聲波脈沖從transducer發(fā)出到接收回波的時間來評估材料的厚度和性質(zhì)。選項A、C、D描述的不是脈沖回波模式的目的。22.B解析：Magnetization（磁化）是指使工件處于磁場中的過程，以便在磁粉檢測中檢測缺陷。選項A、C、D描述的不是磁化的過程或目的。23.B解析：Usingasmallerdiameterprobe（使用較小直徑的探頭）會減少渦流的穿透深度，從而降低對表面缺陷的敏感性。選項A、C、D描述的不是使用小直徑探頭的影響。24.D解析：Scattering（散射）是指超聲波在遇到界面或缺陷時向多個方向傳播的現(xiàn)象。選項A、B、C描述的不是散射的定義。25.D解析：Eddycurrentprobewithamagneticfieldsensor（帶有磁場傳感器的渦流探頭）主要用于評估材料的磁特性變化，而不是檢測表面缺陷。選項A、B、C描述的是渦流檢測的其他應(yīng)用。26.C解析：Eddycurrenttesting（渦流檢測）適用于檢測近表面的缺陷，如delamination（分層）。選項A、B、D描述的缺陷類型更適合使用其他無損檢測方法。27.A解析：Porosity（氣孔）通常與周圍材料有明顯的吸收差異，更容易在radiographictesting（射線檢測）中檢測。選項B、C、D描述的缺陷類型通常較難檢測。28.D解析：Contacttransducer（接觸式探頭）需要耦合劑來傳遞超聲波能量，而non-contacttransducer（非接觸式探頭）則不需要。選項A、B、C描述的不是接觸式探頭的主要優(yōu)勢。29.C解析：Wetmagneticparticlesuspension（濕磁粉懸浮液）適用于表面光潔度較差的工件，但需要確保工件干燥。選項A、B、D描述的情況更適合使用干粉磁粉檢測。30.A解析：Single-frequencyprobe（單頻探頭）對表面缺陷的敏感性較低，因為其穿透深度較深。選項B、C、D描述的不是單頻探頭的主要缺點。31.B解析：Exposurevoltage（曝光電壓）影響X射線或gamma射線的能量，進(jìn)而影響radiograph的對比度。選項A、C、D描述的不是曝光電壓的影響。32.B解析：Water-basedcouplant（水基耦合劑）的作用是確保超聲波