牛津譯林版高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)程一課件Unit3OnthemoveReading33制作者：桂東一中李宇平◆內(nèi)容分析

【W(wǎng)hat】本板塊的語(yǔ)篇是一篇汽車雜志文章，話題是“無(wú)人駕駛汽車”，內(nèi)容緊扣社會(huì)生活，富有時(shí)代氣息。文章介紹了無(wú)人駕駛汽車的工作原理、發(fā)展中面臨的技術(shù)難關(guān)、倫理困境和法律問(wèn)題等，表達(dá)對(duì)無(wú)人駕駛技術(shù)高速發(fā)展和造福人類的美好期待。

【W(wǎng)hy】本文通過(guò)介紹發(fā)展中的無(wú)人駕駛技術(shù)，引發(fā)我們對(duì)未來(lái)交通方式進(jìn)行理性思考，以全面的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)評(píng)判科技發(fā)展所帶來(lái)的利與弊。

【How】本文的語(yǔ)篇類型是說(shuō)明文。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，主線分明。第一段描寫一個(gè)想象中的未來(lái)交通出行的場(chǎng)景，引出話題；第二段說(shuō)明無(wú)人駕駛汽車的工作原理；第三至第五段依次介紹了技術(shù)、倫理和法律層面的問(wèn)題；最后一段，作者對(duì)該技術(shù)未來(lái)的發(fā)展充滿期待。除文章第一段外，各個(gè)段落均有主題句。在說(shuō)明無(wú)人駕駛汽車的工作原理時(shí)，作者使用了

meanwhile,then,next等表示順序的銜接詞。在說(shuō)明事物的過(guò)程中，作者使用了一些疑問(wèn)句，旨在引發(fā)讀者的深入思考。◆?教學(xué)目標(biāo)Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:

1.describethemainchallengesinthedevelopmentofself-drivingcars;2.analysethewritingtechniqueofusinganimaginedscenetointroducethetopic;3.usesomephrasestopredictprobablefutureoutcomes;4.infertheauthor’sattitudetowardsself-drivingcars;5.imaginethefutureoftransportdevelopment.Newtechnologiesfromthedigitaleraaresettotransformourmeansoftransport.Theautomobilemagazinearticlebelowdescribesanewtrendintransport:self-drivingcars.Beforeyoureadthearticle,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:1)Whattechnologicaladvancesintransportdoyouknowabout?Iknowabouthigh-speedtrainsandmaglevtrains,whichuseveryadvancedtechnology.High-speedtrainscantravelatspeedsofupto350kilometresperhour.High-speedtrains’bullet-shapeddesignreducesairresistance.Thisdesign,togetherwiththespecializedrailwaytracksthetrainstravelon,allowsthemtomovefast,quietlyandsmoothly.ThetrainsareoperatedwithveryadvancedtechnologiessuchasartificialintelligenceandtheInternetofThings.maglev/?m?ɡ?l?v/磁力懸浮火車Maglevtrainscantravelevenfasterandcanreachspeedsofover600kilometresperhour.Theyfloatabovetheguidewayssuspended,guidedandpropelledbymagneticfields,whichreducesthefrictionnormallycreatedbetweentrainwheelsandguideways.float

/fl??t/浮動(dòng)；漂流；飄動(dòng)；飄移;??；漂浮guide·way/?ɡa?dwe?/導(dǎo)槽；導(dǎo)軌；導(dǎo)路sus·pend

/s??spend/懸；掛；吊besuspendedinsth懸浮pro·pel

/pr??pel/(-ll-)推動(dòng)；驅(qū)動(dòng)；推進(jìn)magneticfield/m?ɡ?net?k/磁場(chǎng)2)Whatdoyouknowaboutself-drivingcars?

Iknowthatself-drivingcarsuseacombinationofdifferenttechnologiestohelpthemdrivebythemselves.Ialsoknowthistechnologyisstilldeveloping,soeventhoughitisanexcitingadvancementintransport,therearestillissuesthatneedtobeaddressed.Forexample,carswillneedtechnologythatcanthinkandbehaveasclosetoahumandriveraspossibletomakethemsafer.Thiswillrequirealotofresearch,developmentandtesting.Self-drivingcars—destinationknown?MrZhangcasuallyglancesattheemptydriver’sseatandsays,“DestinationGrandHotel.Familymode.Start.”Thecarrespondsimmediately,easingsmoothlyintothebusytrafficandavoidingobstaclesontheroad.張先生漫不經(jīng)心地看了一眼空蕩蕩的駕駛座，說(shuō)道：“目的地格蘭酒店。家庭模式。出發(fā)?！逼嚵⒓错憫?yīng)，平穩(wěn)駛?cè)敕泵Φ能嚵?，避開路上的障礙。driver'sseat駕駛座ease

/i?z/（使）小心緩緩地移動(dòng);(使)寬慰;減輕;緩解Heeasedslowlyforwards.他緩緩向前移動(dòng)。Sheeasedherselfintoachair.她輕手輕腳地坐到椅子上。Insidethecar,thefamilyhavechosentheirentertainmentfromapop-updisplaypanel,readyforthejourneyahead.Thisimaginedsceneprovidesalikelyfuturerealityforself-drivingcars,alsoknownasautonomousvehicles.車?yán)锩妫患胰艘呀?jīng)在彈出式顯示面板上選好了娛樂(lè)項(xiàng)目，為前方的旅途作好準(zhǔn)備。這個(gè)想象中的場(chǎng)景展示了自動(dòng)駕駛汽車，也叫自主汽車，一種可能的未來(lái)的現(xiàn)實(shí)。panel

/?p?nl/（汽車或其他機(jī)械的）控制板，儀表盤acontrol/displaypanel控制╱顯示面板However,beforethisevolutionintransportbecomesarevolution,itmustbefullyunderstoodhowself-drivingcarswork.Putsimply,self-drivingcarsmust“see”and“behave”appropriatelytobesafeontheroad.Theydothisthroughvarioushardwareanddeep-learningartificialintelligence(AI).然而，在這種交通方式的變革成為一場(chǎng)革命之前，必須充分了解自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的工作原理。簡(jiǎn)言之，要想在路上安全行駛，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車必須恰當(dāng)?shù)亍翱础焙汀白觥?。它們通過(guò)各種硬件和深度學(xué)習(xí)人工智能（AI）來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。revo·lu·tion(insth)

/?rev??lu??n/巨變；大變革Camerasaswellassensorslikeradarandlidarcaptureavarietyofdatafromtheexternalenvironment.OncethedataissenttotheAIsystem,the“brain”oftheself-drivingcar,itisanalysedandputtogetherlikeapuzzlesothatthecarcan“see”itssurroundingsanddetermineitsposition.攝像頭以及雷達(dá)、激光雷達(dá)等傳感器從外部環(huán)境中獲取各種數(shù)據(jù)。數(shù)據(jù)一旦發(fā)送到人工智能系統(tǒng)，即自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的“大腦”，立即被分析并像拼圖一樣被拼湊起來(lái)，于是汽車就能“看到”周圍的環(huán)境并確定自身方位。ex·ter·nal

/?k?st??nl/外部的;外面的;外界的;外來(lái)的;在外的puzzle拼圖游戲，拼圖玩具M(jìn)eanwhile,theAIsystemidentifiespatternsfromthedataandlearnsfromthem.Anactionplanisthencreatedtoinstructthecarhowto“behave”inrealtime:stayinthelane,moveintoanotherone,speeduporslowdown.同時(shí)，人工智能系統(tǒng)從數(shù)據(jù)中識(shí)別出模式，從中學(xué)習(xí)。然后一份行動(dòng)計(jì)劃被創(chuàng)建出來(lái)，用以指導(dǎo)汽車如何實(shí)時(shí)“行動(dòng)”：沿車道行進(jìn)，變道，加速或減速。speedup/speedsthup（使）加速slow

(sth/sb)(down/up)（使）放慢速度，減緩，松勁Next,thenecessarymechanicalcontrols,suchastheacceleratorandbrakes,areactivatedbytheAIsystem,allowingthecartomoveinlinewiththeactionplan.接下來(lái)，人工智能系統(tǒng)激活油門、剎車等必要的機(jī)械操縱裝置，讓汽車按照行動(dòng)計(jì)劃行駛。mech·an·ic·al/m??k?n?kl/adj.

機(jī)動(dòng)的;機(jī)械驅(qū)動(dòng)的;機(jī)械的control（機(jī)器或車輛的）操縱裝置，開關(guān)，按鈕ac·ti·vate

/??kt?ve?t/使活動(dòng)；激活；使活化Thismaysoundperfectintheory,butinreality

technologicalbarriersexistinthedevelopmentofself-drivingcars.Theperceptionsystemisanexampleofthis.Roadtrafficintherealworldissocomplicatedthatunfamiliarorunexpectedconditionsmayoccuratanytime.這理論上聽起來(lái)很完美，但實(shí)際上，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的開發(fā)還存在技術(shù)障礙。其感知系統(tǒng)就是一個(gè)例子。真實(shí)世界中的道路交通如此復(fù)雜，以至于不熟悉或意外的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生。technological/?t?kn??l?d??k?l/與技術(shù)有關(guān)的Sinceitisunreasonableforthedatabasetoincludeeverypossibleobjectineverypossibleconditionaheadoftime,thesystemmightnotrecognizeeverythingontheroad.Inonetragicreal-lifecase,aself-drivingcar’sperceptionsystemfailedtoidentifyawhitetruckagainstthebright,sunlitsky.既然數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)將每種可能發(fā)生的情況下的每個(gè)可能存在的物體都預(yù)先包含是不合理的，系統(tǒng)就無(wú)法識(shí)別路上所有東西。在一個(gè)悲慘的真實(shí)案例中，一輛自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的感知系統(tǒng)未能從明亮晴空的背景下識(shí)別一輛白色卡車。un·rea·son·able

/?n?ri?zn?bl/不合理的;不公正的;期望過(guò)高的real-life真實(shí)的；實(shí)際發(fā)生的；現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的against以…為背景；襯托sun·lit

/?s?nl?t/陽(yáng)光照耀的Itassumedthattherewasnoobstacleinitspathanddidnotactivatethebrakes,causingthedeathofthedriverintheself-drivingcar.Accidentslikethisposethequestionofhowself-drivingcarscanbetterlearnandimprovetheirbehavioursontheroadtoensuresafejourneys.它只當(dāng)行進(jìn)路線上沒(méi)有障礙物，沒(méi)剎車，導(dǎo)致自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的司機(jī)死亡。此類事故提出了這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題，即自動(dòng)駕駛汽車怎樣才能更好地學(xué)習(xí)，改進(jìn)行駛中的行為以確保安全出行。ac·ti·vate/??kt?ve?t/vt.使活動(dòng)；激活；使活化Anotheraspectthatneedscarefulconsiderationistheethicalresponsesself-drivingcarswouldmakeinspecificcircumstances.TheTrolleyProblemisoftenusedtodiscussdifficultethicalchoicestheymayface.Forexample,shouldthoseintheself-drivingcaralwaysbeprotectedfirstevenifitmeansendangeringthelivesofpedestrians?另一個(gè)需要仔細(xì)斟酌的方面是自動(dòng)駕駛汽車在特定情況下的倫理反應(yīng)。人們經(jīng)常援引“電車難題”來(lái)討論自動(dòng)駕駛汽車可能面臨的棘手的倫理抉擇。例如，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車內(nèi)的人是否應(yīng)該始終受到優(yōu)先保護(hù)，即使這意味著危及行人的生命？eth·ic·al

/?eθ?kl/（有關(guān)）道德的；倫理的;合乎道德的trolley/?tr?l?/有軌電車Shouldtheself-drivingcarhitasinglepedestriantoavoidcrashingintoagroupofpedestrians?Andwoulditmakeadifferentdecisionifthepedestrianwereachildoraseniorcitizen?Themoraldilemmathatcomeswithhowtoethicallyprogramself-drivingcarshasyettoberesolved.為避免撞到一群行人，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車是否應(yīng)該去撞一個(gè)行人？這個(gè)行人如果是一個(gè)小孩或老人，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車會(huì)作出不同的決定嗎？如何編寫程序讓自動(dòng)駕駛汽車合乎倫理，這個(gè)問(wèn)題帶來(lái)的倫理困境尚待解決。seniorcitizen資深公民,老年人pro·gram

/?pr??ɡr?m/編寫程序

Besidessuchethicalconcerns,thelegalsituationstheautonomousvehicleindustryislikelytobeconfrontedwithhavefuelledheateddebates.Inthisemergingindustry,manufacturingandprogrammingstandardsarenotyetuniform.Moreover,thequalityandsafetyofthetechnologyusedinself-drivingcarsisstillbeingchallenged.除了這些道德方面的擔(dān)憂，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車行業(yè)可能面臨的法律處境已經(jīng)引發(fā)了激烈爭(zhēng)論。在這個(gè)方興未艾的行業(yè)里，制造和編程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尚未統(tǒng)一。此外，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車技術(shù)的可靠性和安全性依然受到質(zhì)疑。fuel

/?fju??l/加劇;增加；加強(qiáng)；刺激uni·form

/?ju?n?f??m/一致的；統(tǒng)一的；一律的chal·lenge

/?t??l?nd?/對(duì)…懷疑（或質(zhì)疑）；拒絕接受Thiscouldleadtoextraordinarycaseslikewhoshouldbeheldresponsiblewhenself-drivingcarsareinvolvedinaccidents—shoulditbethedriver,thesoftwareprogrammerorthemanufacturer?這會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些意想不到的情況，例如，當(dāng)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車發(fā)生事故時(shí)，責(zé)任該由哪一方承擔(dān)——是自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的司機(jī)，軟件程序員，還是生產(chǎn)商？extra·or·din·ary

/?k?str??dnri/意想不到的;令人驚奇的;奇怪的hold認(rèn)為；相信beinvolvedinsth.參與的;涉及的;專心于…的programmer/?pr??ɡr?m?/(計(jì)算機(jī))程序員manu·fac·tur·er

/?m?nju?f?kt??r?(r)/生產(chǎn)者;制造者;生產(chǎn)商Manufacturingandprogrammingstandardsfirsthavetobeagreedupontomakeitpossibleforlawcourtstodecidewhoisatfaultwhenthingsgowrong.Asadvancesinautonomousvehicledesignandtechnologyareinprogress,thefinalagreementonlawsandregulationsgoverningthisindustryremainstobeseen.首先要有統(tǒng)一的制造和編程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，法庭才能在出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)裁定誰(shuí)有過(guò)錯(cuò)。自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的設(shè)計(jì)和技術(shù)正在不斷進(jìn)步，而管理該行業(yè)的法律法規(guī)的最終一致尚待確定。beagreed(on/uponsth)（對(duì)…）取得一致意見，一致同意decide(for/againstsb)裁決；判決inprogress在進(jìn)行中g(shù)ov·ern

/?ɡ?vn/統(tǒng)治;控制;管理;治理

Therecanbelittledoubtthat,despiteallthechallenges,self-drivingcarswillformabigpartofourfuture.Thequestionis,whatisnext?Somearguethatself-drivingcarsshouldbeallowedtooperatewithouthumancontrol,whileothersaremorecautiousandbelievethathumanoperation,eveniflimited,isstillnecessary.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，盡管困難重重，但自動(dòng)駕駛汽車將成為我們未來(lái)重要的一部分。問(wèn)題是接下來(lái)會(huì)怎樣？有些人主張應(yīng)該讓自動(dòng)駕駛汽車在無(wú)人控制的情況下運(yùn)行，而另一些人則更謹(jǐn)慎些，認(rèn)為人工操控，即使是有限的，仍然是有必要的。form是；成為Onlytimewillrevealitstruepath.Whilethejourneyahead

isnotwithoutobstacles,theeventualdestinationisboundtobeanothermilestoneforhumankind’samazingvisionandinventiveness.只有時(shí)間才能揭示出正確的道路。雖然前方絕非坦途，但最終目的地必將成為人類驚人遠(yuǎn)見和創(chuàng)造力的又一座里程碑。in·vent·ive

/?n?vent?v/adj.(尤指人)善于創(chuàng)新的；有創(chuàng)意的;(思想)有新意的；有創(chuàng)意的inventiveness/?n?vent?vn?s/創(chuàng)造力ori·gin·al·ity/creativityA.UnderstandingthetextPage32A1.Readtheautomobilemagazinearticleandcompletethechartbelowwiththemainideaofeachparagraph.Howself-drivingcarsworkTechnologicalbarriersEthicalconcernsLegalproblemsThefutureofself-drivingcarsA2.Readtheautomobilemagazinearticleagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.Page321.Howdoself-drivingcars“see”?

Camerasaswellassensorslikeradarandlidarcaptureavarietyofdatafromtheexternalenvironment,whichissenttotheAIsystem,analysedandputtogetherlikeapuzzle.2.Whyisaself-drivingcar’sperceptionsystemlikelytofail(出故障；失靈)?Becauseroadtrafficintherealworldissocomplicatedthatunfamiliarorunexpectedconditionsmayoccuratanytime,anditisunreasonableforthedatabasetoincludeeverypossibleobjectineverypossibleconditionaheadoftime.3.Whatethicalchoicesmayself-drivingcarsfaceinrelationtotheTrolleyProblem?inrelationto與…相比;關(guān)于Whetherthoseintheself-drivingcarshouldalwaysbeprotectedfirst,andwhetheritshouldhitasinglepedestrian,suchasachildoraseniorcitizen,toavoidcrashingintoagroupofpedestrians.

4.Whatmustbedonefirstbeforelawcourtscandecidewhoisatfaultwhenself-drivingcarsareinvolvedinaccidents?5.Whatarethetwopossiblefuturepathsofself-drivingcars?Manufacturingandprogrammingstandardshavetobeagreedupon.Self-drivingcarswillbeallowedtooperatewithouthumancontrol,ortherewillalwaysbehumanoperation,eveniflimited.A3.Inpairs,discussthefollowingquestions.1.Theauthorusesanimaginedscenetointroducethetopicofself-drivingcars.Whatdoyouthinkofthisintroduction?Howwouldyouintroducethetopicifyouweretowriteanarticleaboutself-drivingcars?

Ithinktheintroductionisappealingbecauseitprovidesavividscenetohelpthereadervisualizethepossibleexperienceofusingaself-drivingcar.Thisway,itattractsthemtoreadontolearnmoreaboutself-drivingcars.IfIweretowriteanarticleonself-drivingcars,Iwouldintroducethetopicbymakingacomparisonbetweenself-drivingcarsandtraditionalcars.Forexample,self-drivingcarsallowdriversmorefreedomwhentheyusethecar,whiletraditionalcarsrequiredriverstoconcentrateatalltimes.Self-drivingcarsalsousemoreadvancedsoftwareandhardwarethantraditionalcars,providingafascinatingtravelexperienceforanyonewhousesthem.atalltimes總是；隨時(shí)；永遠(yuǎn)Comparingtraditionalcarswithself-drivingcarsalsoshowcaseshowfarwehaveadvancedtechnologicallyandsuggestsexcitingfuturepossibilitiesintransport.將傳統(tǒng)汽車與自動(dòng)駕駛汽車進(jìn)行對(duì)比，也凸顯了我們?cè)诩夹g(shù)方面所取得的巨大進(jìn)步，并預(yù)示著未來(lái)交通領(lǐng)域令人興奮的可能性。suggest暗示；言下之意是說(shuō),=imply2.Theauthormentionssomebarriersself-drivingcarsface.Howdoyouthinkthesebarriersmightbeovercome?IthinktechnologicalbarrierscanbeovercomeifAItechnologyadvancestoastagewhereitsdeep-learningcapabilitieswouldenableittothinklikehumansdo,orevenbetter.Theethicalconcernsmaybemorechallenging.Perhapstheadvancesintechnologycouldcontributetosolvingcertainethicalproblems.Butthedifferingethicalvalueswouldbeabigobstacle.stage

/ste?d?/（發(fā)展或進(jìn)展的）時(shí)期，階段，狀態(tài);段；步；步驟differing不同的，有差異的Thefirststepinresolvingthisissuecouldbetocreategeneraluniversallyacceptedguidelineswhichcountriesagreeupon,whileconsideringtheethicalprinciplesuniquetothemselves.Overcominglegalbarriersfacedbyself-drivingcarswouldrequirenewlawstobecreatedorcurrentonesamended.解決這一問(wèn)題的第一步可能是制定出各國(guó)都能普遍接受的通用準(zhǔn)則，同時(shí)也要考慮到各國(guó)自身的倫理原則。要克服自動(dòng)駕駛汽車所面臨的法律障礙，就需要制定新的法律或者對(duì)現(xiàn)行法律進(jìn)行修訂。unique(tosb/sth)（某人、地或事物）獨(dú)具的，特有的amend/??mend/修正，修訂（法律文件、聲明等）Notallpossiblelegalsituationsinvolvingself-drivingcarsareyetknownsothelawwouldneedtodealwiththemastheybecomeknown.并非所有與自動(dòng)駕駛汽車相關(guān)的可能的法律情形都已明確，因此法律需要在這些情形被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理。3.Whenpredictingthefuture,theauthortalksabouttwopossiblepathsofself-drivingcars.Whichpathdoyouthinkself-drivingcarswilltake?Why?

Ithinkself-drivingcarswilltakethepaththatdoesnotinvolvehumandriversduetoadvancementsingeneraltechnologyandautonomousvehicletechnology.TheInternetofThingsand5Gcommunicationsnetworks,forexample,makeroadwaysmoreintelligent.This,alongwithvehicle-to-vehiclecommunicationstechnology,wouldmeanself-drivingcarscancommunicatewithothercarsaswellastheroadinfrastructuresmoreeffectively.Besides,withfurtheradvancementsinAItechnology,thecarsthemselvescouldbehaveandthinkashumansdo,makingtheneedforhumancontrolunnecessary.Ibelievehumanswillalwaysbeneededforself-drivingcarstoworksuccessfullyandsafely.Autonomousvehicletechnologywillprobablyneverbeaseffectiveasthehumanbrain,especiallywhenitcomestomakingdecisionsinunexpectedsituations.Forthisreason,acertainamountofhumancontrolisalwaysneeded.Besides,noteveryonewillwanttouseaself-drivingcarwhichtheycannotcontrol.Somedriversmaypreferhavingtheoptiontochoosehowtodrivetheircar.B.BuildingyourlanguagePage33B1.Thepassagebelowisabouttheuseofbigdataintransport.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.revolutiondilemmaidentifyinlinewithfuelperceptionbeboundtobeconfrontedwithBigdatatechnologyhasstarteda(1)__________intransportsystems,whichimpactswayspeoplegetaround.getaround出行;四處行走;走動(dòng);傳播；流傳;籠絡(luò)某人revolutionDevicessuchastrafficcamerasandundergroundfaregatescollectinformationaboutdrivers’andpassengers’behaviours,includingdrivinghabitsinvariousweatherconditionsandroutechoicesatdifferenttimesofday.ThedataisthenanalysedbyalgorithmsandexchangedamongdevicesandsystemsconnectedthroughtheInternetofThings.Consequently,decisionscanbemade(2)___________thismassofdata.faregate檢票閘機(jī)massofsth大量；許多inlinewith

Theavailabilityofbigdataprovidesconsiderableadvantagesforindividualswho(3)__________________thetaskofplanningtheirtravels.Theycancomparetravelinformationaccordingtotheirneedslikefare,timeandwalkingdistancebeforedecidingonwhichoptionsuitsthembest.Similarly,driverscanuseappstoeasilyaccessreal-timetrafficandparkinginformation,thusavoidingtrafficjamsandseekingoutavailableparkingspaces.大數(shù)據(jù)的可用性為那些需要規(guī)劃出行的個(gè)人提供了極大的便利。他們可以根據(jù)自身需求（如票價(jià)、時(shí)間以及步行距離）來(lái)比較各種出行信息，從而在決定最佳出行方案時(shí)做出明智的選擇。同樣，司機(jī)也可以通過(guò)應(yīng)用程序輕松獲取實(shí)時(shí)交通和停車位信息，從而避免交通擁堵并找到可用的停車位。areconfrontedwithOntheotherhand,bigdatatechnologyimprovesthemanagementofpublictransportsystems.Manycountriesfacethe(4)________betweenpublictransportcoverageandridership,asanexpandedtransportnetworkwouldmeanfewerpassengersonasinglevehicle.NowthesecountriescanuseinformationcollectedfromGPSandpassengerticketdatato(5)_______patternsinpassengers’routechoicesandsupplybusroutesthatmeettheirdemands.cov·er·age

/?k?v?r?d?/覆蓋范圍(或方式)dilemmaidentifyBusservicesarethentailoredtooffershorterwaitingtimesandfasterroutes.Enhancementslikethispresentconvenientoptionstopassengers,changingpublic(6)__________oftransportsystems.Furthermore,theyoffersustainablelong-termsolutionswhich(7)___________benefitacountry’seconomyandenvironment.tailo