2025年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)篇沖刺試卷：策略與技巧考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______閱讀下列材料，回答問(wèn)題。ATheinternethasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.However,ithasalsobroughtaboutanumberofchallenges,oneofthemostsignificantbeingthespreadofmisinformation.Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspreadunintentionally,whiledisinformationreferstofalseinformationthatisspreadintentionallytodeceive.Thelinesbetweenthetwocanoftenbeblurry,buttheconsequencesofbotharedamaging.Theriseofsocialmediaplatformshasexacerbatedtheproblemofmisinformation.Theseplatformsallowinformationtospreadrapidlyandwidely,oftenwithoutproperverification.Algorithmsdesignedtomaximizeengagementcanprioritizesensationaloremotionallychargedcontent,evenifitisnotaccurate.Thiscreatesanenvironmentwherefalseormisleadinginformationcanthrive.Theconsequencesofmisinformationarefar-reaching.Itcanunderminepublictrustininstitutions,fuelsocialdivision,andevencontributetoviolence.Forexample,falseinformationaboutvaccineshasledtodecreasedvaccinationrates,puttingpublichealthatrisk.Misinformationaboutpoliticalopponentscanmanipulatepublicopinionandunderminedemocraticprocesses.combattingmisinformationrequiresamulti-facetedapproach.Platformsneedtodevelopandimplementbetteralgorithmsthatprioritizeaccuracyoverengagement.Journalistsneedtoadheretoethicalstandardsandfact-checkinformationbeforepublishingit.Educatorsneedtoteachcriticalthinkingskillstostudentssotheycanidentifyandevaluateinformation.Andultimately,individualsneedtobemorediscerningabouttheinformationtheyconsumeandshare.Whiletheproblemofmisinformationiscomplex,itisnotinsurmountable.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinformedandresponsibleonlineenvironment.BClimatechangeisoneofthemostpressingchallengesfacingtheworldtoday.Risingglobaltemperaturesarecausingavarietyofenvironmentalproblems,includingmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,sea-levelrise,andlossofbiodiversity.Theseproblemshavesignificantconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumansocieties.Theprimarydriverofclimatechangeistheemissionofgreenhousegases,primarilycarbondioxide,intotheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,causingtheEarth'stemperaturetorise.Themainsourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsaretheburningoffossilfuelsforenergy,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.Theeffectsofclimatechangearealreadybeingfeltaroundtheworld.Heatwaves,droughts,andfloodsarebecomingmorecommonandmoresevere.Sea-levelriseisthreateningcoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Andmanyspeciesarefacingextinctionduetohabitatlossandchangingenvironmentalconditions.Addressingclimatechangerequiresurgentandcollectiveaction.Countriesneedtoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissionsbytransitioningtorenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,andadoptingsustainableland-usepractices.Individualsalsohavearoletoplaybymakingmoreenvironmentallyconsciouschoices,suchasreducingtheirconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andsupportingpoliciesthataddressclimatechange.Whilethechallengesaresignificant,thesolutionsexist.Byworkingtogether,wecanmitigatetheeffectsofclimatechangeandcreateamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.CTheconceptof"fakenews"hasbecomeincreasinglyprevalentinrecentyears,butthetermitselfisoftenusedlooselyandinaccurately.Whilethereareindeedinstancesofintentionallyfabricatednewsstories,thevastmajorityofso-called"fakenews"isactuallymisinformationordisinformationthathasbeenspreadunintentionallyorwithmaliciousintent.Thespreadofmisinformationisoftenfueledbyemotionalreactionsandalackofcriticalthinking.Peoplearemorelikelytoshareinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefsorevokesstrongemotions,evenifitisnotaccurate.Thisisknownasconfirmationbias.Additionally,thespeedandreachofsocialmediaplatformsmakeiteasyforfalseormisleadinginformationtospreadrapidly.Theconsequencesofthespreadof"fakenews"canbedamagingtoindividualsandsociety.Itcanerodetrustinthemedia,createechochamberswherepeopleareonlyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs,andcontributetosocialpolarization.Inextremecases,itcaneveninciteviolence.combatting"fakenews"requiresacombinationoftechnicalsolutions,medialiteracy,andcriticalthinking.Platformsneedtodevelopwaystoidentifyandflagpotentiallyfalseormisleadingcontent.Mediaoutletsneedtoadheretoethicalstandardsandprovideaccurateandreliableinformation.Andindividualsneedtobemorecriticaloftheinformationtheyconsumeandshare,askingquestionsandseekingoutmultiplesources.Whiletheproblemof"fakenews"iscomplex,itisnotimpossibletoaddress.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinformedandresponsiblemediaenvironment.DTheriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hasraisedconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.WhileAIhasthepotentialtoincreaseproductivityandcreatenewjobs,italsohasthepotentialtoautomatetaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumans,leadingtojobdisplacement.OneoftheareasmostaffectedbyAIisthefieldofcustomerservice.ChatbotsandotherAI-poweredtoolsareincreasinglybeingusedtohandlecustomerinquiries,freeinguphumancustomerservicerepresentativestofocusonmorecomplexissues.Whilethiscanimproveefficiency,italsomeansthatsomecustomerservicejobsmaybecomeobsolete.AnotherareaaffectedbyAIisthefieldoftransportation.Self-drivingcarsandtruckshavethepotentialtorevolutionizethewaywemovegoodsandpeople,buttheycouldalsodisplacemillionsoftruckdriversandtaxidrivers.WhilethepotentialnegativeimpactsofAIonthejobmarketaresignificant,therearealsopotentialsolutions.Governmentscaninvestinretrainingprogramstohelpworkerstransitiontonewjobs.CompaniescanadoptAIinwaysthatcomplementhumanworkers,ratherthanreplacingthem.Andindividualscanfocusondevelopingskillsthataredifficulttoautomate,suchascreativity,criticalthinking,andemotionalintelligence.ThefutureofworkintheageofAIisuncertain,butbypreparingforthechangesahead,wecanensurethatthebenefitsofAIaresharedbyeveryone.試卷答案A1.Themainideaofthepassageisthattheinternethasrevolutionizedcommunicationandaccesstoinformation,butithasalsoledtothespreadofmisinformation.*解析思路：文章首段指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了我們的溝通、工作和獲取信息的方式，但同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播問(wèn)題。接下來(lái)的段落詳細(xì)闡述了錯(cuò)誤信息的定義、來(lái)源和危害，最后提出了應(yīng)對(duì)措施。整篇文章圍繞互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的好處和壞處展開(kāi)，尤其是錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播及其后果，因此選項(xiàng)概括了文章的主要觀點(diǎn)。2.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthewayssocialmediaplatformscontributetothespreadofmisinformationisbyprioritizingcontentthatgeneratesengagementovercontentthatisaccurate.*解析思路：文章第四段明確提到，社交媒體平臺(tái)的算法旨在最大化用戶(hù)參與度，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致煽動(dòng)性或情緒化的內(nèi)容被優(yōu)先推送，即使這些內(nèi)容并不準(zhǔn)確。這說(shuō)明平臺(tái)為了追求流量而犧牲了信息的準(zhǔn)確性，從而助長(zhǎng)了錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播。3.Thepassagesuggeststhatmisinformationaboutvaccinescanhavenegativeconsequencessuchasdecreasedvaccinationrates.*解析思路：文章第五段以疫苗接種為例，說(shuō)明關(guān)于疫苗的錯(cuò)誤信息會(huì)導(dǎo)致接種率下降，從而將公共健康置于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中。這直接體現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤信息對(duì)公眾健康造成的負(fù)面影響。4.Theauthorimpliesthatindividualshavearesponsibilitytobecriticaloftheinformationtheyconsumeandshare.*解析思路：文章最后一段明確指出，最終，個(gè)人需要對(duì)所消費(fèi)和分享的信息更加謹(jǐn)慎。這表明作者認(rèn)為個(gè)人在辨別和評(píng)估信息方面負(fù)有責(zé)任，是解決錯(cuò)誤信息問(wèn)題的重要一環(huán)。5.Thepassagedoesnotmentionanyspecificsolutionsthatindividualscanimplementtocombatmisinformation.*解析思路：文章最后一段雖然提到了個(gè)人需要更加謹(jǐn)慎地消費(fèi)和分享信息，但并沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)明個(gè)人可以采取哪些措施來(lái)對(duì)抗錯(cuò)誤信息，例如如何辨別信息真?zhèn)?、如何?yàn)證信息來(lái)源等。因此，該選項(xiàng)表述與原文不符。B6.Thepassagestatesthattheprimarycauseofclimatechangeistheemissionofgreenhousegases.*解析思路：文章第三段明確指出，氣候變化的根本原因是溫室氣體的排放，主要是二氧化碳。該段詳細(xì)解釋了溫室氣體如何導(dǎo)致地球溫度上升，并列舉了主要的排放源。因此，該選項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了文章的核心觀點(diǎn)。7.Thepassagementionsthatheatwavesarebecomingmorecommonandmoresevereasaresultofclimatechange.*解析思路：文章第四段明確提到，隨著氣候變化的加劇，熱浪變得更加頻繁和嚴(yán)重。該段列舉了氣候變化的多種影響，包括熱浪、干旱、洪水、海平面上升和生物多樣性喪失。因此，該選項(xiàng)是文章內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確描述。8.Thepassagesuggeststhataddressingclimatechangerequiresacombinationofgovernmentactionandindividualchangesinbehavior.*解析思路：文章第五段首先強(qiáng)調(diào)了各國(guó)需要通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源、提高能源效率和采用可持續(xù)的土地利用方式來(lái)減少溫室氣體排放。接著，該段又指出個(gè)人也有責(zé)任做出更環(huán)保的選擇，例如減少消費(fèi)、使用公共交通和支持應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的政策。這表明解決氣候變化問(wèn)題需要政府和個(gè)人的共同努力。9.Theauthorimpliesthatalthoughthechallengesofclimatechangearesignificant,solutionsexistandcanleadtoasustainablefuture.*解析思路：文章最后一段雖然承認(rèn)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但緊接著指出解決方案是存在的，通過(guò)共同努力可以減輕氣候變化的影響，并為子孫后代創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來(lái)。這表明作者對(duì)解決氣候變化的未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。10.Thepassagedoesnotprovideanyinformationaboutthespecificconsequencesofclimatechangeonhumanhealth.*解析思路：文章主要描述了氣候變化對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，例如極端天氣事件、海平面上升和生物多樣性喪失。雖然這些環(huán)境問(wèn)題間接影響人類(lèi)健康，但文章并未具體闡述氣候變化對(duì)人類(lèi)健康的直接后果，因此該選項(xiàng)表述與原文不符。C11.Thepassagedefines"fakenews"asintentionallyfabricatednewsstories.*解析思路：文章首段區(qū)分了錯(cuò)誤信息、誤導(dǎo)性信息和虛假新聞，并指出虛假新聞是指故意編造的新聞故事。雖然文章提到虛假新聞通常與錯(cuò)誤信息和誤導(dǎo)性信息混淆，但其核心定義是指故意捏造的信息。因此，該選項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了文章對(duì)虛假新聞的定義。12.Thepassagesuggeststhatconfirmationbiascontributestothespreadofmisinformationbycausingpeopletoshareinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs.*解析思路：文章第三段明確提到，人們更容易分享證實(shí)他們既有觀念的信息，即使這些信息并不準(zhǔn)確，這就是確認(rèn)偏誤。該段還指出社交媒體平臺(tái)的加速傳播使得錯(cuò)誤或誤導(dǎo)性信息易于傳播。這表明確認(rèn)偏誤是導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤信息傳播的一個(gè)因素。13.Thepassageimpliesthatechochambers,createdbythespreadof"fakenews,"cancontributetosocialpolarization.*解析思路：文章第三段提到，人們更容易分享證實(shí)他們既有觀念的信息，這會(huì)形成回聲室效應(yīng)，人們只接觸到證實(shí)自己觀點(diǎn)的信息。第四段進(jìn)一步指出，回聲室效應(yīng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)兩極分化。因此，該選項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確描述了虛假新聞傳播可能導(dǎo)致的后果之一。14.Thepassagesuggeststhatcombating"fakenews"requiresacombinationoftechnicalsolutions,medialiteracy,andcriticalthinking.*解析思路：文章最后一段提出了應(yīng)對(duì)虛假新聞的多種方法，包括平臺(tái)開(kāi)發(fā)識(shí)別和標(biāo)記潛在虛假或誤導(dǎo)性?xún)?nèi)容的解決方案、媒體遵守道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供準(zhǔn)確可靠信息、教育者教授批判性思維技能以及個(gè)人更批判性地消費(fèi)和分享信息。這表明解決虛假新聞問(wèn)題需要技術(shù)、媒體素養(yǎng)和批判性思維的結(jié)合。15.Thepassagedoesnotmentionanyspecificexamplesofhowmediaoutletscancombat"fakenews."*解析思路：文章最后一段提到媒體應(yīng)遵守道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并提供準(zhǔn)確可靠的信息，但并未具體說(shuō)明媒體可以采取哪些具體