2020-2021年八年級英語下冊語法填空解題技巧及練習測試題經(jīng)典一、八年級英語下冊語法填空專項練習（含答案解析）1．語法填空

Longlongago,therewasasmallvillageintheMiddleEast.Inthevillagetherewasanoldman________（call）Sthira.Helivedbyhimself.Hisonlysonhadgonefarawaytostudy.Sthirafriends________（wonder）whetherhissonwouldreturn,________Sthiraalwayssaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."

Onedaytheoldman'ssonreturnedandthevillagerswereveryhappyforSthira.Hethankedthevillagersandsaid________（polite）,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."However,laterSthira,ssonbrokehis________Onceagainthevillagerscametovisithimandonceagaintheoldmanthanked________（they）andsaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."Someofthevillagersweresurprised________（hear）this.Why?Whatwasgood?Hisson'sleggotbadlyhurt!

Afterafewdays,thearmycametothevillageandforcedalltheyoungmen________（join）thearmy.Whentheyfoundhissonhada________（break）leg,theylefthimbehind.Onceagain,allthevillagerscametocongratulatehimonhis________luck.Likealways,theoldmanwasstillthankfultothemandsaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."【答案】called；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；tohear；tojoin；broken；good【解析】【分析】主要講了中東地區(qū)的一個叫做Sthira的老人總認為無論發(fā)生什么，都是好事。（1）句意：在一個村莊里有一個叫做Sthira的老人。句子已經(jīng)有謂語was，man和call間表示被動，所以用動詞過去分詞做man的定語，call的過去分詞是called，故填called。（2）句意：Sthira的朋友想知道是否他的兒子將回來。時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用wonder的過去式wondered，故填wondered。（3）句意：但是Sthira總是說“無論發(fā)生什么，都是好事”。前后句表示轉折，所以用but，但是，故填but。（4）句意：他感謝了村民，并且禮貌地說“無論發(fā)生什么，都是好事”。副詞修飾實義動詞，said是實義動詞，所以用形容詞polite的副詞politely，禮貌地，故填politely。（5）句意：然而，之后Sthira的兒子摔斷了他的腿。根據(jù)后文Hisson'sleggotbadlyhurt!他兒子的腿嚴重受傷，可知摔斷的是一根腿，故填leg。（6）句意：老人再次感謝了他們，說：“無論發(fā)生什么，都是好事”。thanked，感謝，及物動詞，后面用賓格，主格they的賓格是them，他們，故填them。（7）句意：一些村民聽到這個很驚訝。be+形容詞+todosth.做某事怎樣，固定搭配，故填tohear。（8）句意：幾天后，軍隊來到村子里，強迫所有的年輕人參軍。forcesb.todosth.強迫某人做某事，固定搭配，故填tojoin。（9）句意：當他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他的兒子有一根腿斷了時，他們把他留下了。形容詞修飾名詞，leg是名詞，所以用動詞break的形容詞broken，摔斷的，故填broken。（10）句意：所有的村民來慶祝他的好運。老人的運氣是好的，形容詞修飾名詞，luck是名詞，所以用形容詞good，好的，故填good?！军c評】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。2．按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空（每空不多于2個單詞）

Marylivedinasmallvillage.Onemorning,herfathertookhertoher________（uncle）homeintown.Shehad________goodtimethere.BeforeMary________（leave）intheevening,herunclegaveherajar（罐子）andsaid,"There________somecandyinit.Youmayputyourhandintothejarandtakesomewhenyouwant________（eat）."

Marylookedatthejar________shewasonthetrain.Ithadalongandsmallneck.She________（put）herhandintothejarandwantedtotakefive________

（piece）.________shecouldn'tgetherhandout.Sheturnedherhandagain________again.Atlastsheletgooffourpieces.Thenshecouldpullherhandoutofthejar.【答案】uncle's；had；left；is；toeat；when；put；piece；But；and【解析】【分析】本文講述了Mary從罐子里拿糖，懂得了做人不能太貪婪的故事。（1）句意：一天早上，她父親帶她去了她叔叔在城里的家。根據(jù)uncle和home都是名詞，故其前是名詞所有格，故填uncle's。（2）句意：她在那里玩得很開心。描述過去用一般過去時，haveagoodtime，玩得開心，have的過去式是had，故填had。（3）句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個罐子，說里面有些糖果。描述過去用一般過去時，leave的過去式是left，故填left。（4）句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個罐子，說里面有些糖果。直接引語是一般現(xiàn)在時，candy是不可數(shù)名詞，故therebe中的be用is，故填is。（5）句意：你可以把手伸進罐子里，想吃的時候拿一些。wanttodo，固定搭配，需要做歐式，故填toeat。（6）句意：瑪麗在火車上看著罐子。在火車上和look是同時發(fā)生的，故此處是時間狀語從句，故用引導詞when，當......的時候，故填when。（7）句意：她把手伸進罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會兒，她把手伸進罐子里，想拿五塊。描述過去用一般過去時，put的過去式是put，故填put。（8）句意：她把手伸進罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會兒，她把手伸進罐子里，想拿五塊。基數(shù)詞five后是名詞復數(shù)，piece是名詞，故填piece。（9）句意：但她沒能把手伸出。根據(jù)handintothejar和couldn'tgetherhandout可知，伸進去和拿不出來是轉折關系，故用but，但是，故填But。（10）句意：她一次又一次地把手轉過來。againandagain，一次又一次，固定搭配，故填and?！军c評】考查語法填空，注意謂語的時態(tài)，非謂語動詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。3．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。

Areyoufeelingverybusyallthetime?Ifyoualwaysthinkmuchworktodo,itwillmakeyoufeel________

（bore）.Youshouldknowthatyou'llalsohavesomanythingstodotomorrow.Why________

dothethingsyouhavetodotoday?Soifyouhavealittletimetorelax,justenjoyyourself.Itdoesn'tmeanyouarelazy.Thatisbecauseonlywhenyouarerelaxed,youcandobest.Herearesome________

（way）foryoutorelax.

Firstly,showlovetoeveryoneyoumeet.Talktoyourfriends________

smiletoastranger.________

（volunteer）atahospitalisalsoagoodway.Themoreyougive,the________

youwillget.

________,takeawaytheoldthingsyoudon'tneedorsendthemtosomeone________

needsthem.

Thirdly,watchtheworldasachilddoes.Go________

awalkinaparkandhaveapicnic.Itishelpful________（lie）downonthegrassandlookatthebluesky.Youcanalsositdownandlistentoyourfavoritemusicorevendancetoit.You'llfindyourlifemoreinteresting.【答案】bored；not；ways；or；Volunteering；more；Secondly；who；for；tolie【解析】【分析】本文介紹了幾個讓你放松的方法。（1）句意：如果你總是想做大量的工作，那會使你感到厭煩。feel是系動詞，其后是形容詞，修飾人用bored，感到無聊的，故填bored。（2）句意：為什么不做你今天必須做的事情呢？whynot+動詞原形，固定搭配，為什么不做某事，故填not。（3）句意：下面是一些讓你放松的方法。some修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，way，是可數(shù)名詞，故填ways。（4）句意：和你的朋友交談或和陌生人微笑。此處是并列連詞，表示選擇故選，故用or，故填or。（5）句意：在醫(yī)院做志愿者也是一個好方法。動名詞做主語，故用volunteer的動名詞形式volunteering，故填Volunteering。（6）句意：給與的越多，得到的就越多。themore，thebetter，固定搭配，越……越……，根據(jù)Themoreyougive可知是越多，故填more。（7）句意：其次，把你不需要的舊東西拿走，或者把它們送給需要它們的人。根據(jù)Firstly可知此處是其次，故填Secondly。（8）句意：其次，把你不需要的舊東西拿走，或者把它們送給需要它們的人。定語從句中缺少主語，先行詞是someone指代人，故關系代詞是who，故填who。（9）句意：到公園里去散步，然后去野餐。goforawalk，固定搭配，去散步，故填for。（10）句意：躺在草地上看藍天是有幫助的。it+is+形容詞+todo，固定搭配，做某事很……，it是形式主語，todo是真正的主語，故填tolie?！军c評】考查語法填空，注意所給詞意并適當調整詞性，時態(tài)和非謂語動詞等。4．閱讀下列短文，在每篇文章空白處填入一個適合的單詞或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。

Alanwasaweakoldmanwholivedalone.Oneday,hegot________

badcoldandcalledforadoctor.

Whenthedoctor________

（check）him,heasked,"Doyouhaveafriendtolookafteryou?"

Theoldmansaid,"I'mseventy________

（year）old,butI'venevermetanyoneIcouldcallafriend."

"You________

（live）heresinceyouwerebornbutneverhadafriend?"Thedoctorwassurprised."Ourvillagehead,Robin,will________

（certain）helpyouifheknowsyouaresick."

"It'ssoboring________

（listen）toRobin,heisalwaystalkingabouthisfarm."Alanadded.

"Thenwhat________Peter?"

"Aselfishman,thoughheissmartandinteresting."Alancontinued.

"Buteveryoneloveshim,heis________

（popular）thananyoneelseinthevillage."Thedoctorlaughed.

"Right,"agreedAlan."Buthe'ssonoisythatIcan'tstand________

（he）formorethanfiveminutes."

"I'mafraidyouseesomuchofyourneighbors'weaknessthatyoudon'tknowwhatgoodpeopletheyactuallyare."thedoctorsaid."Anyway,pleasecallme________youneedme."Thenheleftwithoutawordof"thankyou"washeard.【答案】a；checked；years；havelived；certainly；tolisten；about；morepopular；him；when【解析】【分析】短文大意：一個老人生病去看醫(yī)生，醫(yī)生詢問了他朋友的信息，這個老人總是認為別人不好，最后醫(yī)生說他應該看到別人的優(yōu)點，同時說了如果他需要，可以給他打電話。（1）句意：一天，他得到了嚴重的感冒并且看了醫(yī)生。根據(jù)短語getabadcold，患感冒，可知空缺填入a，故答案為a。（2）句意：當醫(yī)生檢查他時，他詢問到，你有朋友照顧你嗎？根據(jù)文章用了過去式，可知空缺填入check的過去式checked，故答案為checked。（3）句意：老人說，我七十歲了，但是我從來沒有過一個朋友。根據(jù)固定搭配，數(shù)詞+yearsold，表示年齡，故答案為years。（4）句意：從你出生起，你在這里居住就從來沒有過朋友？根據(jù)句子出現(xiàn)了since，可知句子應該用完成時態(tài)，空缺填入havelived，故答案為havelived。（5）句意：如果他知道你生病了，我們的村長，Robin，將會幫助你。根據(jù)空缺修飾help，可知應該填入副詞形式，而certain的副詞為certainly，故答案為certainly。（6）句意：聽Robin說話很煩，他總是談論他的農(nóng)場。根據(jù)句型，itisboringtodosth，做某事很煩，可知空缺填入tolisten。（7）句意：然后Peter如何？根據(jù)短語whatabout……，表示提建議，故答案為about。（8）句意；但是每個人都喜歡他，他在村上比任何人都出名。根據(jù)句子出現(xiàn)than，可知句子應該用比較級，而popular的比較級為morepopular，故答案為morepopular。（9）句意：但是他很吵以至于我不能容忍他超過5分鐘。根據(jù)he做了stand的賓語，可知應該用代詞賓格形式him，故答案為him。（10）句意：無論如何，當你需要我的時候請聯(lián)系我。根據(jù)空缺引導了時間狀語從句，填入when，故答案為when。【點評】考查語法填空，做此類題首先熟悉文章大意，聯(lián)系上下文，確定空缺單詞，結合語法知識，給出單詞的正確形式，即可。5．根據(jù)短文內容，用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空

DavidisfromAmerica.Heandhisfamily________（have）differentplansforthecomingholiday.DavidlikesChinaverymuchandhe________

（go）toBeijinglastyear.ButhewantstoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesohe________

（visit）Beijingagain.ThistimeheisgoingtothePalaceMuseum.There________

（be）manyinterestingthingsaboutChineseculturethere.He________

（want）totakelotsofphotosofthethingsinthePalaceMuseum.He________

（show）themtohisfriends.David'sfather________

（read）manybooksaboutJapanesehistorythreemonthsago.HethoughtsomethingsinJapanwereinteresting.He________

（take）atriptoJapan.David'smotherdidn'tknowwheretogoatfirst.Atlastshe________

（decide）togotoSingapore.Shelikestheclimate（氣候）there.WhataboutDavid'ssister?She________

（stay）athomeanddoherhomework.6．根據(jù)短文內容及括號內所給單詞的提示填空

MygoodfriendisBill.Heistwelveyearsold.He________（be）born（出生）inNewYorkin2005.Attheageofseven,he________

（start）togotoschool.Whenhewaseleven，he________（leave）NewYorkwithhisparentsandmovedtoWashingtonD.C.Athisnewschool,he________

（meet）me.Hebecamemydeskmate（同桌）.Becausesometerriblethingsweregoingon,atthattimeIwasn'tenjoying________（I）.Ididn'twanttosayanythingto________

（anyone）.Soofcourse,Ididn'tsayhellotohim.However,Billsaidtomewithasmile（微笑）onhisface,"Hi,Dale!Doyouneedmyhelp?"Bill'ssmilemademefeelbetter.Ididn'tkeepsilent（沉默的）anymore.

I________

（decide）tosaysomethingtohim.AfterthatBillandIbecamegoodfriends.

NowBillisstillmydeskmate.Everydayhe________

（take）thesubwaytoschoolwithme.Likeme,he________

（study）andexerciseshard.Weareingoodhealth.Wealways________

（get）goodgrades.7．【答案】cost；with；doctors；toplay；But；illness；toteach；of；watching；better【解析】【分析】本文講述了作者因患有腦積水，接受治療過程中也立志當一名醫(yī)生。（1）句意：因為我的所有手術花費了數(shù)百萬美元。根據(jù)助動詞have可知是現(xiàn)在完成時，故填cost的過去分詞cost，故填cost。（2）句意：我患有腦積水。此處缺少介詞，有，with，故填with。（3）句意：所以醫(yī)生在我身上放了一個小管子，把頭上的水帶走。根據(jù)thedoctorsletmegoout

可知此處是名詞復數(shù)，故填doctors。（4）句意：有時醫(yī)生讓我出去玩。goouttodo，固定搭配，出去做某事，故填toplay。（5）句意：但有時如果我玩太多，我的管有問題。我就得回醫(yī)院。根據(jù)

thedoctorsletmegoout

和ifIplaytoomuch可知此處表示轉折，故填轉折連詞，but，故填But。（6）句意：我的病難以理解，但貝克博士總是花時間通過繪畫或講故事來向我解釋。my是形容詞性物主代詞，其后應是名詞，ill的名詞是illness，故填illness。（7）句意：我的病難以理解，但貝克博士總是花時間通過繪畫或講故事來向我解釋。take+時間+todo，固定搭配，花費時間做某事，故填toteach。（8）句意：當我長大后，我夢想成為一名醫(yī)生，以便照顧像我這樣的孩子。dreamof，固定搭配，夢想……，故填of。（9）句意：我經(jīng)常去醫(yī)院，我的媽媽是一名護士，所以我通過觀察和提問來學到很多東西。by是介詞，其后是動名詞，故填watching。（10）句意：當我是一名醫(yī)生時，我會告訴生病的孩子我的故事，讓他們在害怕時感覺更好。feel是系動詞，其后是形容詞，此處用比較級better，表示好一些，故填better。【點評】考查語言綜合運用能力，注意謂語的時態(tài)，非謂語動詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。8．【答案】parents；before；weather；took；reading；way；arrived；seen；once；same【解析】【分析】主要講了去年暑假Tina父母去另一個城市工作一個月，所以Tina去了姑姑家，沒去之前Tina感到緊張，但最終在姑姑家度過了一個極好的假期。（1）句意：因為她的父母需要去另一個城市工作一個月。父母用parents，故填parents。（2）句意：Tina之前從沒見過Betsy姑姑。根據(jù)后句soshewasalittlenervous.她是緊張的，因為之前沒見過姑姑，故填before。（3）句意：Betsy姑姑告訴她加利福尼亞的天氣是晴朗的。根據(jù)sunny晴朗的可知告訴的是天氣weather，故填weather。（4）句意：所以Tina帶上了一些短褲和T恤衫。時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用take的過去式took，故填took。（5）句意：因為她喜歡讀書。likedoingsth.喜歡做某事，read的ing是reading，故填reading。（6）句意：在去Betsy姑姑家的路上，Tina看見農(nóng)場里許多馬。onone'swayto+地點名詞，表示在去某地的路上，故填way。（7）句意：當他們到達Betsy姑姑家時，Tina看見一匹高的棕色的馬。時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用過去式arrived，故填arrived。（8）句意：你見過棕色的馬嗎？時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，結構是have/has+動詞過去分詞，一般疑問句把have/has提前到句首，實義動詞還是用過去分詞，see的過去分詞是seen，故填seen。（9）句意：我一周看她一次。根據(jù)后句everySaturdayafternoonforanhour.每周六下午一小時，可知是一周一次，即onceaweek，故填once。（10）句意：她的姑姑和她有一樣的愛好。姑姑和Tina都喜歡馬，所以愛好一樣，thesame，和……一樣，故填same。【點評】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。二、八年級英語下冊閱讀理解專項練習（含答案解析）9．閱讀理解

ClimbingMountQomolangma,theWorld'shighestmountain,hasnowbecomemoredifficult.ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.That'stheaverageamountofgarbageaclimberleavesbehindonMountQomolangma.

Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight,sotheywouldhaveenergytoreachthesummit.

ThegarbageprobleminMountQomolangmaisnotnew.In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.

ThenewrulecameintoeffectinAprilof2014.Tomakesureitisfollowed,climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.Whentheyclimbbackdownthemountain,theofficialswillcheckthemtomakesuretheybringdownthe18poundsofgarbage.Iftheydo,theirmoneywillbegivenbacktothem.

Ifnot,climberswon'tgettheirmoneyback.Also,theofficialswon'tletthesepeopleclimbthemountainagain.（1）ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimbersofMountQomolangmato

.A.

takefewerthingstothetopofthemountainB.

bringatleast18poundsoffoodwiththemC.

bringdownthegarbageleftbyotherclimbersD.

bringdownatleast18poundsofgarbagewhentheycomedownthemountain（2）Whydoclimbersleavegarbagealongtheway?A.

Becausetheywanttoleavesomefoodforothers.B.

Becausethegarbagecanhelpothersfindthem.C.

Becausetheywanttokeeptheirbagslight.D.

Becausethegarbagecanshowthemhowtocomedown.（3）HowmuchgarbagewasbroughtdownMountQomolangmain2013?A.

4tons.

B.

8tons.

C.

14tons.

D.

18tons.（4）Nowtheclimbershaveto

beforetheyclimbMountQomolangma.A.

handinsomemoneytotheofficialsB.

leaveplasticbagsbehindthemC.

telltheofficialswhentheywillcomedownD.

telltheofficialshowmanybagstheywillbring【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】主要講了爬珠穆朗瑪峰的登山者下山時應該至少帶回18英鎊的垃圾。（1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.可知登山者下山時應該帶至少18英鎊的垃圾，故選D。（2）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是幫助保持他們的包輕快，故選C。（3）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4噸垃圾帶下山，故選A。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.可知登山者在他們爬山前上交一些錢給官員，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。10．閱讀理解

Therearemillionsofstarsandplanetsinspace.What'sthedifferencebetweenstarsandplanets?Starscangiveoutheatandlight,butplanetscannot.

Thesunisoneofthestars.Someplanetsareballsofrockandsomeareballsofgas.Weliveontheplanetearth.Theearthspinsaroundonceeverydaytogiveusdayandnight.Theearthgoesaroundthesunonceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.

Thereareeightplanetsmovingaroundthesun.Wecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetsthesolarsystem.Mercuryisthenearesttothesun,soitisveryhot.Itisthesmallestplanet.Venusisverybrightandhot.Itisthenearesttotheearth.Marsiscoveredwithorange-reddesiandrocks,soitlookslikearedstarinthesky.Ithasseasonsliketheearth.Jupiterhasmorethan16moons（衛(wèi)星）anditisthebiggestandheaviestplanet.Saturnhasmorethan22moons.Theotherplanets,suchasUranusandNeptune,areallveryfarfromthesunandverycold.Weneedatelescope（望遠鏡）toseethem.（1）Thesuncangiveus

.A.

heatandwater

B.

heatandlight

C.

lightandair

D.

rockandwater（2）TheChinesemeaningof"spinaround"is

.A.

飛行

B.

行駛

C.

環(huán)繞

D.

旋轉（3）Theearthgoesaround

onceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.A.

themoon

B.

Mars

C.

Jupiter

D.

thesun（4）Marslooksredintheskybecause

.A.

itiscoveredwithorange-reddustandrocksB.

ithasseasonsliketheearthC.

itisthenearesttotheearthD.

itiscoveredwithredwateranddust（5）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

Jupiteristhebiggestandheaviestplanet.B.

Uranusisveryfarfromthesunandverycold.C.

Therevolution（公轉）oftheearthgivesusdifferentseasons.D.

WecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetstheMilkyWay.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）A（5）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了太陽星系的基本構成。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Starscangiveoutheatandlight,butplanetscannot.與

Thesunisoneofthestars.理解可知，太陽是恒星，可以發(fā)熱與發(fā)光，故選B。（2）詞義理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Theearthspinsaroundonceeverydaytogiveusdayandnight.

地球每天旋轉一圈，給我們一天又一夜。理解可知，spin的含義是旋轉，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Theearthgoesaroundthesunonceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.理解可知，地球每年繞太陽一周，給我們不同的季節(jié)。故選D。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句

Marsiscoveredwithorange-reddesiandrocks,soitlookslikearedstarinthesky.理解可知，火星上覆蓋著橙紅色的德西和巖石，所以它看起來就像天空中的一顆紅星。故選A。（5）理解判斷題。根據(jù)文中的語句

Thereareeightplanetsmovingaroundthesun.Wecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetsthesolarsystem.

理解可知，我們稱太陽及其行星為太陽系。故選D。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節(jié)題，詞義推斷題，推理判斷題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題，詞義推斷題以及判斷題都需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出正確選項。11．閱讀理解

Inyourlife,therearealotofpeoplearoundyou.Theyareyourrelatives,neighbors,friendsorclassmates.Sometimesyougetalongwellwiththem,butsometimesdon't.Whatcanyoudowhensomeonehurtsyou?Mostpeoplemaybeangryorevenfightwithhim.Butit'snotagoodidea.You'dbetterforgetallthisandforgive（寬恕，原諒）him.

Maybeit'snoteasyforyoutodothat,butit'spossible.Pleaseremember:Keepagoodmood,andyouwillkeephealthy.Stayingangrywithothers,infact,meanslettingothers'mistakestreatyourselfunfairly.

Howcanyouforgiveothers?

First，thinkofsomethingpleasantandtrytogetyourselfhappy.

Second,don'twaitotherstosaysorrytoyou.Ifanyonehurtsyou，hewon'tsaysorrytoyou.Hemayjustwanttohurtyouorjustdon'tseethingsthesameway.

Third,trytoseethingsinothers'shoes.Youcanunderstandtheirmindsbetterandmakeyourselfalittlehappier.

Atlast,trytoknowyourselfverywell.Whosemistakescausedthat，yoursorothers'?Ifit'sourfault，trytosaysorrytothem.Ifitisn't，smileatthething.（1）Thispassagetellsus_______.A.

togetalongwellwithothers

B.

tosaysorrytoothersbravelywhenwehurtthem

C.

nottohurtothers

D.

toforgiveotherswhentheyhurtus（2）Forgivingothersis_______accordingtothewriter'sopinion.A.

easy

B.

foolish

C.

possible

D.

impossible（3）Theunderlinedsentencemeans"_______"inChinese.A.

盡力堅持自己的觀點

B.

盡力讓別人接受自己的觀點C.

盡量站在別人的立場上看問題

D.

盡量看到別人立場中的實質問題（4）Thewritergivesus_______ideastoforgiveothers.A.

three

B.

four

C.

five

D.

six（5）Forgettingothers'mistakesandstayinghappycanmakeus_______.A.

sad

B.

disappointed

C.

upset

D.

healthy【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】本文介紹別人傷害我們時要原諒他們，同時提出幾點看法。（1）主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹別人傷害我們時要原諒他們，同時提出幾點看法可知，文章主要告訴我們原諒傷害我們的人，故選D。（2）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Maybeit'snoteasyforyoutodothat,butit'spossible也許你不容易做到，但這是可能的，可知根據(jù)作者的觀點，原諒他人是可能的，故劃線部分的意思是試著從別人的角度看問題，故選C。（3）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Youcanunderstandtheirmindsbetterandmakeyourselfalittlehappier你可以更好地理解他們的想法，讓自己更快樂，可知這是站在別人的角度看待問題，故選C。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)first，second，third和atlast，可知作者給出4個意見，故選B。（5）推理題。根據(jù)Keepagoodmood,andyouwillkeephealthy，保持好心情，你會保持健康

，可知忘記別人的錯誤并保持快樂會讓我們健康，故選D。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測題和主旨題四種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。12．閱讀理解

Youmightseealiensinbooksandmovies.Theylookstrange.Theyareverysmart.Theytravelinspaceships.

Butaretherereallyaliensinspace?BritishscientistStephenHawking,68,thinksso.Hesaysthatpeopleshouldnotlookforaliens.Hethinkstheyaredangerous.OnanewBritishTVprogram,Hawkingsays,"Itisquitepossiblethattherearealiensinspace.Theymightliveinbigspaceships.Theyhaveusedupalltheresources（資源）fromtheirhomeplanet."HethinkssuchaliensaresuretogetresourcesfromEarthandthengoaway.TheymaybringtroublestoEarth,too.（1）Aliensinbooksandmoviesarealways

.A.

quietandstrange

B.

strangeandsmart

C.

smartandcruel

D.

shyandcute（2）Aretherereallyaliensinspace?A.

Yes,thereare.B.

No,therearen't.C.

Wearenotsure.D.

Thereusedtobesome,butnowtheyhavedisappeared.（3）AccordingtoMr.Hawking,aliensprobablyhave

.

A.

useduptheirresourcesB.

pollutedtheirownplanetC.

destroyedthebigspaceshipstheylivedinD.

travelledaroundtheearth（4）Mr.HawkingbelievesthatalienswillcometoEarthto

.A.

causetroubles

B.

getresources

C.

makealiving

D.

makefriendswithhumans【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是一篇議論文，主要討論外星人。你可能在書和電影中看到外星人，他們看起來很奇怪，他們很聰明，他們乘坐宇宙飛船旅行。但是現(xiàn)實中沒人看見過。英國科學家認為人們不應該尋找外星人，他們太危險。這些外星人會來地球掠奪資源，給地球帶來麻煩。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youmightseealiensinbooksandmovies.Theylookstrange.

可知在書里他們很奇怪而且很聰明。故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

OnanewBritishTVprogram,Hawkingsays,"Itisquitepossiblethattherearealiensinspace.

可知Hawking認為極有可能有外星人，但不確定有。應選C。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theyhaveusedupalltheresources（資源）fromtheirhomeplanet.可知外星人可能用完了他們所有的資源。故選A。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"HethinkssuchaliensaresuretogetresourcesfromEarthandthengoaway.

可知Mr.Hawking認為外星人會來地球上獲取資源。故選B。【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及細節(jié)理解題，我們先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。然后分析問題，帶著問題仔細閱讀短文，從短文的細節(jié)中找出問題答案。13．閱讀理解BelowisanadvertisementofarestaurantTeaCottageWantsYou!JoinusinTeaCottage–thebestChineserestaurantintown.Wearenowlookingforsomeoneinterestedinworkingwithus.2CooksAtleasttwoyears'workexperienceinarestaurantkitchenGoodatmakingChinesedishesAbletoworkatweekendsWorkTime16:00–21:00everyday（$600/week）3Waiters/WaitressesAtleastoneyear'sworkexperienceincafesorrestaurantsPart-timewelcomeWorkTime11:00–15:00or17:00–22:00（$16/hour）2CleanersNoexperienceneededPart-timewelcomeWorkTime12:00–15:00or17:00–22:00（$12/hour）Wearealsolookingforsingersandbands（樂隊）forWednesdaynights!（1）GiorgiohasworkedinarestaurantforthreeyearsandisgoodatmakingBeijingDuck.WhichjobcouldbeforhiminTeaCottage?A.

Cook.

B.

Cleaner.

C.

Singer.

D.

None.（2）Ronaldisacollegestudent.Heislookingforhisfirstjobthathecandointhedaytime.Hecouldfindajobofthe______inTeaCottage.A.

singer

B.

cook

C.

cleaner

D.

waiter（3）WhatcanwelearnaboutTeaCottagefromtheadvertisement?A.

Theyarelookingforsingersandbandsforweekendmusicshows.B.

TheyneedcookswhocanworkbothatlunchtimeanddinnertimeC.

Onewhoknowsabouttea-makinghasabetterchanceofworkingthere.D.

Theywillpaythewaitersover$60adayforworkingduringlunchtime.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文講的是關于一個餐館招聘工作人員的一篇廣告。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中信息CooksAtleasttwoyears'workexperienceinarestaurantkitchenGoodatmakingChinesedishes可知Giorgio可知在這飯店當廚師，故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中信息Ronald是剛畢業(yè)的大學生，所以只有清潔工適合他，這個工作不需要工作經(jīng)驗，故選C。（3）計算分析題。根據(jù)文中有關服務生的信息Work11:00—15:00or17:00—22:00（USD$16/hour）可知在午飯時間工作的報酬是4×16=64，故選D?！军c評】此題考查閱讀理解。這篇短文內容簡單，容易理解。先閱讀短文理解大意。然后根據(jù)問題仔細閱讀短文細節(jié)，從短文的細節(jié)中找出問題答案。14．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Haveyoueverhadthoughtaboutbuildingarobot?Orputtingtogetheraspaceship?Orevenseeingyourfacemadeoutofchocolate?Done.Allyouneedisa3-Dprinter.

Thepossibilitiesof3-Dprintingseemendless.Alltheuserhastodoistodesignanobjectonthecomputerandchooseamaterialtoprintin.Theprintersprintinhundredsofdifferentmaterialsincludingglass,sugarandevenskin!Whentheuserpresses"print",the3-Dprinterspreadsthematerialslayerbylayerandlikemagictheobjectisproduced.

Thefirst3-Dprinterwasinventedin1986byAmerican,CharlesHull.But3-Dprintinghasonlybecomecheapenoughrecentlyformostpeopletouse.Designersnowuse3-Dprintingtocreateunusualthings.TheDutchartistDirkVanderKoojprintsfurnituremadefromoldfridges.

Anddoctorshaveused3-Dprintingtoprinthumanbodyparts!TheTelegraphreportedinFebruarythatscientistsfromCornellMedicalCollegeevenprintedaman-madeear.

Butlikealotofnewtechnologies,if3-Dprintinggetsintothewronghands,itcanbedangerous.

In2011agroupoffourmenintheUSused3-DprintingtoproduceATMskimmers.ThesewereplacedonanATMandstoleover$400,000fromusersoftheATM.Itisterribletothinkthatcriminalslikethemmightonedayusea3-Dprintertoprintagun.

Butforbetterorforworse,3-Dprintinghasbeenputintouse.Inafewyears,you'llprobablybewonderinghowyoucouldeverlivewithoutyour3-Dprinter!（1）________inventedthefirst3-Dprinter.A.

CharlesHull

B.

FourmenintheUS

C.

DirkVanderKooj

D.

AdoctorcalledCornell（2）Whatisthecorrectorderforpeopletousea3-Dprinter?a.chooseapropermaterial.b.Press"print".c.The3-Dprinterspreadsthematerial.d.Useacomputertodesignanobject.A.

a-b-c-d

B.

d-c-b-a

C.

a-c-d-b

D.

d-a-b-c（3）Accordingtothepassage,peoplehaveNOTyetproduced________witha3-Dprinter.A.

agun

B.

somefurniture

C.

aman-madeear

D.

ATMskimmers（4）Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthe3-Dprinter?A.

Itisuselessinourdailylife.

B.

Itishelpfulbutdangerous.C.

Itisimportantonlyforourwork.

D.

Itistooexpensiveformostpeople.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：這篇短文給我們介紹了現(xiàn)在科技3D打印機的發(fā)展和用途，以及3D打印機的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，應廣泛用于現(xiàn)在生活的領域。以及其重要作用。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中Thefirst3-Dprinterwasinventedin1986byanAmerican,CharlesHull.可知，在1986年第一個3D打印機是一位美國人叫CharlesHull發(fā)明的，故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中AIItheuserhastodoistodesignanobjectonthecomputerandchooseamaterialtoprintin;Whentheuserpresses（按）"print"；the3-Dprinterspreadsthematerialslayer（層）bylayer.可知，所有的使用者不得不在電腦上設計一個物體，然后選擇材料去打印他,當使用者一按print'按鈕，打印機就復印到材料的底層，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Itisterribletothinkthatcriminalslikethemmightonedayusea3-Dprintertoprintagun.可怕的是喜歡3D打印機的罪犯們有一天用它去打印槍，故選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文Thepossibilitiesof3-Dprintingseemendless（無窮盡的）;itcanbedangerous.可知，3D打印似乎是無窮盡的。但是它也可能是危險的，故選B?！军c評】本題考查細節(jié)理解的閱讀。凡屬針對特定細節(jié)的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對應的文字部分。要做好閱讀理解中的確