第一部分復(fù)習(xí)講義板塊一閱讀專題一閱讀四選一高考閱讀理解要求考生在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成4篇不同體裁、題材的文章。考生不僅要能正確理解文章的表層意思，還要能通過表層意思合理地推斷出文章的隱含意義。近幾年閱讀理解的命題已從對傳統(tǒng)知識掌握情況的考查轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)δ芰退季S品質(zhì)的考查，為了幫助考生清楚地了解英語閱讀理解題的情況，下面將具體分析近三年高考真題閱讀理解題的命題特點。洞悉考情明方向（一）研析真題悟考法（二）題型攻略學(xué)技法（三）洞悉考情明方向年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2024新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷A應(yīng)用文人與社會生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊志愿者招募8511B記敘文人與自然美國獸醫(yī)采用中西醫(yī)結(jié)合的方式治療動物C議論文人與社會對紙質(zhì)閱讀和數(shù)字閱讀(可視化學(xué)習(xí))的研究成果D說明文人與社會現(xiàn)代生物數(shù)據(jù)采樣的科學(xué)性年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷A應(yīng)用文人與自然卡洛秋季徒步健身活動7611B記敘文人與社會閱讀亭項目C說明文人與社會巴比倫微型農(nóng)場D書評人與社會一本以人工智能為主題的書籍年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷A應(yīng)用文人與社會自行車租賃&旅游項目介紹6711B記敘文人與自然一項環(huán)保發(fā)明創(chuàng)造C說明文人與自我數(shù)字極簡生活方式D議論文人與社會“群體智慧”效應(yīng)年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷A應(yīng)用文人與自然黃石國家公園護林員項目介紹7611B新聞報道人與社會學(xué)校菜園項目C說明文人與社會《閱讀藝術(shù)：書籍愛好者的藝術(shù)》書籍介紹D說明文人與自然人類與大自然互動年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2022新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷A應(yīng)用文人與自我課程評分規(guī)則8511B議論文人與自然減少食物浪費C新聞報道人與社會養(yǎng)老院養(yǎng)雞項目D說明文人與社會語音的發(fā)展年份卷名篇目體裁主題命題考點主題語境文章話題細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2022新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷A應(yīng)用文人與社會兒童探索博物館團體游6621B夾敘夾議文人與社會新興科技的影響C說明文人與社會科學(xué)技術(shù)——TextalyzerD說明文人與社會鍛煉有益于心臟研析真題悟考法[真題呈現(xiàn)](2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷·閱讀理解C篇)Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood．However，mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable．Whilefarmer'smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney，BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore．BMFisanindoorgardensystem．Itcanbesetupforafamily．Additionally，itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital，restaurantorschool．Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens．

Specifically，it'safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology．ByconnectingthroughtheCloud，BMFisremotelymonitored．Also，thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime．Becausethesystemisautomated，itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants．Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil，thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant．Afterharvest，userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted．

Moreover，havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit'seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad．Inaddition，there'snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment．BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives．Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork．Insidetheoffice，theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic．“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste，carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，”saidaBMFemployee．

28．WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A．Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood．B．Itrequiresday-to-daycare．C．Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance．D．Itreliesonfarmer'smarkets．

√29．Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A．Real-timeweatherchanges．B．Currentconditionoftheplants．C．Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil．D．Availabilityofpre-seededpods．

√30．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A．Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports．B．Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice．C．Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences．D．Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness．

√31．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．BMF'smajorstrengths．B．BMF'sgeneralmanagement．C．BMF'sglobalinfluence．

D．BMF'stechnicalstandards．

√Step1速覽全文，了解大意本文介紹了一種室內(nèi)農(nóng)場系統(tǒng)——巴比倫微農(nóng)場(BMF)。Step2細(xì)審題干，定位原文28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whilefarmer'smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney，BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore．”可知，C

選項中“cut…distance”是同義替換。

29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Also，thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime．”可知選擇

B

項。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives．”及“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste，carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment”可推知，BMF員工具有強烈的環(huán)保意識，故選

D

項。liveout意為“實行，踐行”。

31．主旨大意題。文章分別從可縮短運輸路程、保證新鮮蔬菜供應(yīng)、節(jié)水和可持續(xù)發(fā)展方面圍繞巴比倫微農(nóng)場的優(yōu)勢展開介紹。故選

A項。Step3有的放矢，核對答案

通過題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，在文中找到題目的信息區(qū)間，仔細(xì)對比，再次核對答案。

題型攻略學(xué)技法第一講細(xì)節(jié)理解題一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題的考查特點1．考查方式特殊疑問句形式：以when、where、what、which、who等疑問詞開頭引出問題。2．考查角度(1)高頻考點：直接信息題、間接信息題；(2)低頻考點：數(shù)字計算題、正誤判斷題、事件排序題。二、細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題捷徑一般采用尋讀法，解題分三步：1．先讀題干，抓住關(guān)鍵詞；2．帶著問題快速閱讀文章，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子；3．仔細(xì)對比選項和原文信息，繼而找出答案。三、細(xì)節(jié)理解題選項特征1．正確選項特征原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)選項中的某個單詞或短語與原文完全一致同義替換對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進行同義替換語言簡化把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進行簡化正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)2．干擾選項特征擴縮范圍與文章細(xì)節(jié)部分吻合，部分相悖無中生有明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符或沒有提及偷梁換柱符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容張冠李戴是文章細(xì)節(jié)，但不符合題干要求或不是要點正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤【典例】(2024·全國甲卷·閱讀理解A篇)SpinelessArtists：InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons，invertebrates(無脊椎動物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns．JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance，inspirefashionandcreateart，whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工藝)materials．直接信息題——定位比對找答案23．WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A．Practiceatraditionaldance．B．Makehandcrafts．C．Visitalocalmuseum．D．Feedinvertebrates．√解題分析：Step

1在題干中標(biāo)注定位詞(JavierMarin)；Step2在原文中找出信息句(JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance，inspirefashionandcreateart，whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials．)；Step3比對選項與信息句。根據(jù)信息句中“whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials”可知，人們可以和JavierMarin一起用手工藝材料制作自己的“無脊椎藝術(shù)家”。

【圖解技巧】【典例】(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解C篇)Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper？Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no”．Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors，includingreducedconcentration，anentertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent．...間接信息題——同義轉(zhuǎn)換定答案Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext，andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say，assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson．However，psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories，theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces．Digitaltexts，audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles，especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint．However，formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor，educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame，evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords．30．Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A．Theycanholdstudents'attention．B．Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare．C．Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills．D．Theyaremoreinformativethantext．√解題分析：Step1讀題干，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，即“audioandvideo，increasingly”“universityteachers”；Step2掃讀原文，鎖定信息區(qū)間，即“Audioandvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext，...assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson．”可知，因為音頻和視頻比文本更吸引人，所以大學(xué)老師越來越多地使用音頻和視頻?！癶oldstudents'attention”是“engaging”的同義替換。

【圖解技巧】【典例】(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解D篇)IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct，researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords．Today，mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos，videos，andotherdigitalrecords．Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea，anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect．綜合信息題——概括歸納定答案“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication，”saidBarnabasDaru，whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences．“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本)，andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange，Iwantedtoknow：Aretheyusable？”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants，insects，birds，andanimals，Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns．“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data，likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit，”saidDaru．33．WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies．B．Physicalspecimens．C．Observationaldata．D．Mobileapplications．√解題分析：根據(jù)第二段末的“weareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange”以及第四段的內(nèi)容可知，Daru使用了觀測數(shù)據(jù)去調(diào)查物種如何應(yīng)對全球變化，而且他們尤其關(guān)注取樣記錄中產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，可見Daru的研究重點是觀測數(shù)據(jù)。

【圖解技巧】【典例】(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解A篇)Prices數(shù)字計算題——整合推算得答案——HandBrake，ThreeGearsFootBrake，NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.0022．Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A．€15.75． B．€19.50．C．€22.75． D．€29.50．√解題分析：Step1讀題干查找關(guān)鍵詞“abikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays”；Step2在Prices部分中標(biāo)記“1day(24hours)，€14.75”和“Eachadditionalday，€8.00”；Step3用加法計算答案，即€14.75＋€8.00＝€22.75。

【圖解技巧】Passage1(2024·廣東深圳二模)WhatisaGPA?AGPA，orGradePointAverage，typicallyrangingfromonetofour，isanumberreflectingyourcourseperformanceonaverage．It'susedbyuniversitiestodeterminewhetherstudentsmeetacademicstandardsandbystudentstoenhancejobprospectsorsecureadmissionintopost-graduateprograms．隨堂演練促遷移HowtocalculateaGPA?·Determinethelettergradeandthenumberofcredithoursforeachcourseyoutakeinaterm；·Translatethelettergradetogradepointsusingyourschool'sgradingsystem；·Multiplythegradepointsbythecredithoursforthatcourse；·Addupallthecredithoursforthecourses；·DividethetotalnumberofgradepointsbythetotalcredithoursandyougettheGPA．Example：AcademicTranscriptofJaneSmithWinter2023CoursesLetterGradeGradepointsCredithoursTotalpointsGPACreativeWritingA＋4.0312－PsychologyA－3.7311.1－HistoryB＋3.339.9－ComputerScienceF0.020－Total－－1133

Whataretheconsequencesoffailingcollegecourses?

·Everyfailinggrade(F)significantlyimpactsyourGPAforthatacademicyear，limitingclubs，organizationsandprogramchoices，ascompetitiveprogramsrequiretopGPAs．·MostfinancialaidprogramsrequireaspecificGPA．AsharpdropintheGPAduetoseveralcoursefailuresmayleadtowithdrawalfromfinancialaidprograms，unlessyouretakethecoursesandpass．·Forcollegeathletesonsportsscholarships，failingcoursesrepeatedlycanleadtolosingscholarshipsandteamspots．·Failingmultiplecoursescanresultinschoolremovalandaffectfutureapplications．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了平均學(xué)分績點(GPA)的概念、計算方式和大學(xué)課程不及格的后果。1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anacademiccourseguide．

B．Acampusjobfairposter．C．Agraduateapplicationform．

D．Anathleticteamschedule．√A

[文章出處題。根據(jù)文章中的“WhatisaGPA？”“HowtocalculateaGPA？”“Whataretheconsequencesoffailingcollegecourses？”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章介紹了大學(xué)用來確定學(xué)生是否達(dá)到學(xué)術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的評價準(zhǔn)則——GPA，并介紹了GPA的計算方法及課程不及格的后果，應(yīng)該選自學(xué)術(shù)課程指南。]2．WhatisJaneSmith'sGPAthisterm?A．3.3．B．3.0．C．2.8．D．1.0．√B

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HowtocalculateaGPA？”下面的“DividethetotalnumberofgradepointsbythetotalcredithoursandyougettheGPA．”并結(jié)合表格內(nèi)容可知，JaneSmith的所有課程中，總分是33，總學(xué)時是11，33÷11＝3，所以她的GPA是3。]3．WhatwouldbearesultifyougetoneFincollege?A．Schoolremoval． B．Lossoffinancialaid．C．Choicelimitation． D．Disqualificationinsports．√C

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whataretheconsequencesoffailingcollegecourses？”下面的“Everyfailinggrade(F)significantlyimpactsyourGPAforthatacademicyear，limitingclubs，organizationsandprogramchoices，ascompetitiveprogramsrequiretopGPAs．”可知，如果你在大學(xué)得了一個F的打分，你的選擇將會受限制。故選C。]Passage2(2024·山東聊城二模)Itwasn'tuntilIgotintocollegeandtookaclassoncreativewritingthatIbegantotrustmyownmadness．Theprofessorencouragedustocoloroutsidethelinesandtrustourabilitiesasawriter．Wehadweeklysessionswherewereadeachother'sworkandhadtogiveconstructivecriticism．Onourfirstassignment，Istruggledwithgettingmyideasontopaper．IknewwhatkindofstoryIwantedtotell，butasareservedyoungman，Iwasterrifiedofjudgementfrommypeers．Iwasafraidtheywouldthinkmywritingwastoodarkorreallyconfusing．Butfinally，afterspendinghoursthinkingofmakingthewritingmoresociallyacceptable，IdecidedtowriteitlikewhatIfeltitshouldbe．Inthenextcritiquesession，Iwasshockedatthereactionfrommypeers．Therewassomeconstructivecriticism，whichreallyhelpedmeimprove，butoverall，theylovedhowrealisticandconvincingmywritingwas．Attheendoftheclass，theprofessoraskedmeifshecouldusemyassignmentasasampleforherotherclassestoknowthattheycantrusttheirownmadnesswiththeirwriting．ForthefinalwehadahugepaperforwhichwehadtowriteonHenryV．TheprofessorencouragedmetowriteitinthevoiceIhaddevelopedinthecreativewritingclass，soIdid．Theconsequencewasthatshecalleditagraduatelevelpaperandaskedtouseitasanothersample．ThatyearIendedupwinningawritingaward．Ialsoenteredawritingcontestonlineandoutofhundredsofentries，gotanhonorablemention．AndthatwaswhenIdecidedtohaveashotatfiction．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在大學(xué)創(chuàng)意寫作課上的經(jīng)歷，以及這段經(jīng)歷如何幫助他在寫作上取得成功。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“coloroutsidethelines”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Stressthewords．B．Generatenewideas．C．Addcolortothelines．D．Takerisks．√B

[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分上文“Itwasn'tuntilIgotintocollegeandtookaclassoncreativewritingthatIbegantotrustmyownmadness．”以及第二段第一句“Onourfirstassignment，Istruggledwithgettingmyideasontopaper．”可知，這門課是關(guān)于創(chuàng)意寫作課，要求學(xué)生產(chǎn)生新的具有創(chuàng)意的想法并進行寫作；畫線部分“coloroutsidethelines”指的是“產(chǎn)生新的創(chuàng)意”。]5．Whathappenedwiththeauthor'sfirstassignment?A．Hemesseditup．B．Hedidn'tknowhowtodoit．C．Hefeltinsecureaboutit．D．Headjusteditinanacceptableway．√C

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“IknewwhatkindofstoryIwantedtotell，butasareservedyoungman，Iwasterrifiedofjudgementfrommypeers．Iwasafraidtheywouldthinkmywritingwastoodarkorreallyconfusing．”可知，作者在完成第一個任務(wù)時，擔(dān)心自己的作品會受到同齡人的批評和否定，對自己的作品缺乏信心。]6．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A．Hispeersthoughthiswritingwaspersuasive．B．Hispeerscriticizedhiswritingstyle．C．Theprofessoraskedhimtoteachotherstowrite．D．Hiswritingreachedthegraduatelevel．√A

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Inthenextcritiquesession，Iwasshockedatthereactionfrommypeers．Therewassomeconstructivecriticism，whichreallyhelpedmeimprove，butoverall，theylovedhowrealisticandconvincingmywritingwas．”可知，同學(xué)們的反饋是積極的，他們喜歡作者的寫作風(fēng)格，認(rèn)為它是真實和令人信服的。由此推知，同學(xué)們認(rèn)為作者的作品是有說服力的。]7．Whatwasthesecretoftheauthor'ssuccessinwriting?A．Hispersistenceinwriting．B．Trustinhisownmadness．C．Hisprofessor'sencouragement．D．Constructivecriticismfromhispeers．√B

[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句、第三段最后一句以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者在創(chuàng)意寫作課上，跳出思維定式，相信自己的瘋狂想法，最終獲得了成功。由此推知，作者寫作成功的秘訣是相信自己的瘋狂想法。]Passage1(2024·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模)Summercampseverywherearefillingupfast，butopportunitiesremainopenforcampswherefunandgamescomearoundfarming．Thatis，yourkidswilllearnhowtotendtovegetablesandlivestock(家畜)andalmostcertainlytastethefruitsoftheirlabor．Here'sasmallsamplingofwhat'soutthere．針對性訓(xùn)練1閱讀理解——細(xì)節(jié)理解題(1)Muscoot，NewYorkThisfarm，offersahalf-dayWanglerCampforkids(alivestock-centredexperience)andatwo-weeklongYoungFarmerscampforkidsingradesonethrougheight．Campsrangefrom$150forweeklonghalf-daysessionsto$350forfull-daysessions．SproutUp，ColoradoAnagriculturefarmwithafocusoneducation，SproutUpoffersskill-buildingprogramsforteensthroughouttheyear，buttheirsummercampforkidsisallaboutfun．Inadditiontofarmactivities，thekidsspendtimeatalocalclimbinggym．Threeweeklonghalf-daysessionsareavailablefor$200each．Humboldt，CaliforniaLocatednorthofSanFrancisco，thissleepawaycampspreadsoutoverseveralhundredacresinthecoastalhillsofSonomaCounty．Thelodging(住處)istent-style，withoutdoorshowers．Arangeoffarmactivitiesareavailablethroughoutthesummer．Alegre，GeorgiaYourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse，andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp．Three-daysessions(morningsonly)cost$125，andparentscanattendwiththeirchildrenforanextrafee．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的夏令營活動。1．Whichcampbestsuitskidswhoenjoyclimbing?A．Muscoot． B．SproutUp．C．Humboldt． D．Alegre．B

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SproutUp，Colorado下的“Inadditiontofarmactivities，thekidsspendtimeatalocalclimbinggym．”可知，SproutUp最適合喜歡攀巖的孩子。]√2．WhatcankidsdoinAlegre?A．Interactwithanimals．B．Havesessionsintheafternoon．C．Sleepintentsatnight．D．Enjoythesceneryofcoastalhills．A

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alegre，Georgia下的“Yourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse，andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp．”可知，在Alegre孩子們能與動物互動。]√3．Whatdothefourcampshaveincommon?A．Theyprovidefull-daycamps．B．Theyofferfarm-themedcamps．C．Theyarelocatedinthesamestate．D．Theyfocusonhealtheducation．√B

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Muscoot，NewYork下的“Thisfarm，offersahalf-dayWanglerCampforkids(alivestock-centredexperience)andatwo-weeklongYoungFarmerscampforkidsingradesonethrougheight．”，SproutUp，Colorado下的“Anagriculturefarmwithafocusoneducation，SproutUpoffersskill-buildingprogramsforteensthroughouttheyear，buttheirsummercampforkidsisallaboutfun．”，Humboldt，California下的“Arangeoffarmactivitiesareavailablethroughoutthesummer．”以及Alegre，Georgia下的“Yourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse，andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp．”可知，這四個夏令營都提供農(nóng)場主題的營地。]Passage2(2024·河北秦皇島二模)When19-year-oldEmilyBhatnagarfromMaryland，theUSA，foundherfatherhadstagefourthyroid(甲狀腺)cancer，herresponsewasdifferentfromwhatyoumightexpect．Tohonourherfather，whoshealsodescribedasherbestfriend，shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup，collectingbooksforkidswithcancer．“Itwasverymuchanovernightidea，”sheexplained．“IpostedamessageonanappcalledNextdooraskingmyneighborstodonateusedbooks．Iwasonlyexpectingafewhereandthere，buttheresponsewastrulyincredibleanditwasjustthepushIneededtoco-existwithmygrief(悲傷)ratherthanlettingitconsumeme．”“Itwasabsolutelyheartbreakingtowatchmydadgothroughcancerandseehimlosealittlebitofhimselfeachday，butthebookdriveallowedmetodevelopanew-foundsenseofpurposeintertwined(交織)withagreatersenseofcompassiontohelpothersinanyform．Iwantedtohelpkids．They'vealwaysheldasoftspotinmyheart．”Usingtipssheearnedfromworkingatherparents'breadshop，Emilyboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket．Inaddition，shereceiveddonationsthroughherAmazonwishlist，whichcanbefoundinthebio(簡介)ofthebookdrive'ssocialmediaaccount．Emilyandherolderbrotherspentawholesummerdrivingaroundtown，loadingboxesofbooksintotheircar．“Itwassuchaprivilegetoknowpeoplehadcarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations，andtheywantedtogiftthemtomycause．”ForLoveandButtercuphasdonatedover15，000bookstosickchildrenanditisbeingrecognisedbyTheWashingtonPost，F(xiàn)orbes，ThePresident'sVolunteerServiceAwardandBornThisWayFoundation．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了來自美國馬里蘭州的19歲的EmilyBhatnagar發(fā)現(xiàn)她的父親已經(jīng)甲狀腺癌四期時，決定發(fā)起圖書捐贈活動，為癌癥兒童募集書籍。4．WhatdidEmilydoknowingherfather'sdisease?A．Sheturnedtobooksforhelp．B．Shetriedtohelpherfatherrecover．C．Shedecidedtomeetherfather'sdesire．D．Sheaskedforusedbookdonationsonline．√D

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“...herresponsewasdifferentfromwhatyoumightexpect．Tohonourherfather，whoshealsodescribedasherbestfriend，shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandButtercup，collectingbooksforkidswithcancer．”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)父親已經(jīng)甲狀腺癌四期時，Emily在網(wǎng)上發(fā)起了舊書捐贈活動。]5．HowdidEmilyfeelaboutherneighbors'reaction?A．Inspired． B．Ashamed．C．Disappointed． D．Puzzled．A

[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“buttheresponsewastrulyincredibleanditwasjustthepushIneededtoco-existwithmygriefratherthanlettingitconsumeme”可推斷，鄰居們對Emily發(fā)起的舊書捐贈活動的反應(yīng)讓她受到了鼓舞。]√6．WhatdoweknowaboutEmilyfromparagraph4?A．Shegrewupinarichfamily．B．Shehelpedinherparents'shop．C．Nobodycaredaboutherwishlist．D．Herparentswerenotsupportive．B

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Usingtipssheearnedfromworkingatherparents'breadshop，Emilyboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket．”可知，Emily在她父母開的面包店幫忙。故選B。]√7．Whatcanwesayaboutthebookdrive?A．Unfavorable． B．Money-consuming．C．Successful． D．Demanding．√C

[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可推斷，Emily的圖書捐贈活動獲得了巨大的成功。]Passage3(2024·浙江杭州二模)Anyschoolchildknowsthatawhalebreathesthroughitsblowhole．Fewerknowthatablowholeisanostril(鼻孔)slightlychangedbyevolutionintoaformmoreusefulforamammalthatspendsitslifeatsea．Andonlyadedicatedexpertwouldknowthatwhiletoothedwhales，suchasspermwhales，haveonehole，baleen(鯨須)whales，suchashumpbackandRicewhales，havetwo．Evenamongthebaleenwhales，theplacingofthosenostrilsdiffers．Insomespeciestheyareclosetogether．Inothers，theyaremuchfurtherapart．InapaperpublishedinBiology

Letters，ConorRyan，amarinebiologistattheScottishAssociationforMarineScience，suggestswhythatmightbe．Havingtwonostrils，heargues，helpswhalessmellinstereo(立體空間)．Manytypesofbaleenwhaleseattinyanimalsknownaszooplankton(浮游動物)，whichtheycatchbyfiltering(過濾)themfromseawaterusingthesheetsoffibrousbaleen．Theyhavereplacedteethintheirmouths．Buttoeatsomethingyoufirsthavetofindit．Toothedwhalesdonothuntbyscent．Infact，theolfactorybulb—thepartofthebrainthatprocessessmell—isabsentinsuchcreatures．Butbaleenwhalesstillhaveolfactorybulbs，whichsuggestssmellremainsimportant．Andscentcanindeedgivezooplanktonaway．Zooplanktonliketoeatothertinycreaturescalledphytoplankton(浮游植物)．Whentheseareunderattack，theyreleaseaspecialgascalleddimethylsulphide，whichinturnattractsbaleenwhales．Mostanimalshavestereoscopicsenses．Havingtwoeyes，forinstance，allowsananimaltocomparetheimagesfromeachinordertoperceivedepth．Havingtwoearsletsthemlocatethedirectionfromwhichasoundiscoming．DrRyantheorizedthatpairedblowholesmightbringbaleenwhalesthesamesortsofbenefits．Thefartherapartthesensoryorgansare，themoreinformationcanbeextractedbytheanimalthatbearsthem．Theresearchersuseddronestophotographthenostrilsof143whalesbelongingto14differentspecies．Sureenough，baleenwhalesthatofteneatzooplankton，suchastheNorthAtlanticrightwhale，havenostrilsthatarefartherapartwhiletoothedwhales，suchashumpbackwhales，thateatzooplanktonoccasionally，haveonenostril．Besidesallowingthemtobreathe，itseemsthatsomewhalesusetheirblowholestodetermineinwhichdirectiondinnerlies．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是關(guān)于須鯨的鼻孔的相關(guān)知識。8．Whatdoweknowaboutwhales'nostrilsaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Theyareadaptedones．B．Theyaredevelopedmerelyforsmell．C．Theyarenoteasytodetect．D．Theyarefixeduniversallyinnumbers．√A

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Fewerknowthatablowholeisanostrilslightlychangedbyevolutionintoaformmoreusefulforamammalthatspendsitslifeatsea．”可知，根據(jù)前兩段，鯨魚的鼻孔是調(diào)整過的。]9．Whatplaysarolewhenbaleenwhaleshuntzooplankton?A．Theteeththatbaleenwhaleshave．B．Thesmellthatphytoplanktonsend．C．Thesoundwavesthatzooplanktoncreate．D．Thechemicalsignalsthatzooplanktongiveoff．√B

[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whentheseareunderattack，theyreleaseaspecialgascalleddimethylsulphide，whichinturnattractsbaleenwhales．”可知，當(dāng)須鯨捕食浮游動物時，浮游植物散發(fā)的氣味起了作用。]10．Howistheconceptofstereoscopicsensesexplainedinparagraph4?A．Byquotingatheory． B．Byusingexamples．C．Bymakingcontrast． D．Bymakinginferences．√B

[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Havingtwoeyes，forinstance，allowsananimaltocomparetheimagesfromeachinordertoperceivedepth．Havingtwoearsletsthemlocatethedirectionfromwhichasoundiscoming．”可知，第四段通過舉例解釋立體感覺的概念。]11．Whatisthepositionofnostrilsrelatedtoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Thesenseofsmell．

B．Thepossibilitytoattractfood．C．Theabilitytolocatefood．

D．Theabilitytocommunicate．√C

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Besidesallowingthemtobreathe，itseemsthatsomewhalesusetheirblowholestodetermineinwhichdirectiondinnerlies．”可知，鼻孔的位置與定位食物的能力有關(guān)。]Passage1(2024·湖南婁底二模)CoastalClean-upsProgramGeneralIntroductionOurprogramaimstodevelopanappreciationforourenvironmentinourparticipantsbyincludingfuni